CN112574800A - Composite super-lubricating coating with nano-crimp structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Composite super-lubricating coating with nano-crimp structure and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN112574800A
CN112574800A CN202011494724.8A CN202011494724A CN112574800A CN 112574800 A CN112574800 A CN 112574800A CN 202011494724 A CN202011494724 A CN 202011494724A CN 112574800 A CN112574800 A CN 112574800A
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nano
lubricating
lubricating coating
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CN112574800B (en
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李红轩
吉利
李畔畔
刘晓红
周惠娣
陈建敏
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Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/048Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/061Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066Molybdenum sulfide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/105Silica
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/044Polyamides

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite super-lubricating coating with a nano-curled structure, which is characterized in that a nano-roll structure of nano-sheet wrapped nano-particles is formed by actively controlling two-dimensional nano-sheets and nano-particles through a simple ball-milling pretreatment process, a lubricating phase component of the nano-roll and a binder are further compounded to prepare a solid bonding coating, and the super-lubricating property is realized by utilizing a microsphere rolling effect of the nano-roll structure on a friction interface. The friction coefficient of the lubricating oil is reduced to below 0.01 by matching with the common steel material, and is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower than the friction coefficient of about 0.1 of the common solid lubricating material. The invention has the advantages of simple and easy preparation method and simple material system, and is suitable for popularization and application under the conditions of engineering parts and operation. Meanwhile, the composite lubricant component with the special nano-coiled structure obtained by the invention can also be used as a novel lubricating additive to be added into lubricating oil to play a remarkable antifriction effect.

Description

Composite super-lubricating coating with nano-crimp structure and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite super-lubricating coating, in particular to a preparation method of a composite super-lubricating coating with a nano-crimp structure, and belongs to the technical field of surface lubrication.
Background
The friction and wear is a ubiquitous phenomenon of a moving machine, and statistics shows that primary energy of 1/3 in the world is consumed by friction, 4/5 of mechanical parts fails due to wear, and the friction and wear loss accounts for 5% -7% of GDP in industrialized countries. Meanwhile, in the high-technology field, the friction and wear problem is the main reason for causing equipment failure and restricting the reliability of the equipment. The NASA research report in the united states indicates that: a significant proportion of spatial mechanical component failures are associated with frictional wear problems. Lubrication is the most important technical approach to solve the problems of friction energy consumption and material abrasion. The super-lubrication is a new concept technology which is provided in recent years and can greatly break through the limit of the lubricating property of the existing material, the super-lubrication is theoretically zero, and the friction coefficient can be as low as below 0.01, namely 10 in engineering practice-3The magnitude is 1 to 2 magnitude orders lower than the friction coefficient of about 0.1 of the conventional solid lubricating material. Therefore, the development of the super-lubrication technology not only has profound significance for saving energy, reducing consumption and promoting national economy development, but also can generate revolutionary progress on the design and operation reliability of high-technology equipment.
In 2015, Argonne national laboratory researchers in the united states reported on the Science journal (d. Berman, s.a. Deshmukh, s.k. sankaranarayana, a. Erdemir, a.v. sumann. Science 2015, 348, 1118) that graphene and nano-diamond particle composites with diamond-like carbon film formulations could achieve super-lubricity (coefficient of friction as low as 0.004) under macroscopic contact conditions. The principle is that in the friction process, graphene is spontaneously wound on diamond particles to form a nano-roll structure with nano-sheets wrapping the nano-particles, the structure can play a role of a nano rolling bearing, and the nano rolling bearing and a diamond-like carbon film are matched to exhibit an ultra-low friction coefficient. But has the following disadvantages: firstly, the formed graphene-wound diamond composite structure depends on certain friction test conditions, and can show an ultralow friction coefficient only in a proper condition range, so that the stability and condition adaptability of the formed nano roll structure are poor, and the obtained super-lubricating state has a short service life. Secondly, the material system is complex and depends on graphene, nano particles and diamond-like carbon film auxiliary materials, which greatly limit the engineering practicability of the material. Therefore, how to directly prepare the nano material composite with the special coiled structure can realize the cross-magnitude reduction of the friction coefficient between contact interfaces, plays an important role in promoting the acquisition of super lubrication on the engineering scale and the development of super lubrication technology, and has important engineering application value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a composite super-lubricating coating with a nano-curled structure, so as to realize that the friction coefficient between contact interfaces is as low as below 0.01.
Preparation of composite super-lubricating coating with nano-crimp structure
The invention discloses a preparation method of a composite super-lubricating coating with a nano-curled structure, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of nano-coil structure lubricating phase
And uniformly mixing the two-dimensional nanosheet powder and the nanoparticle powder, and then adding the mixture into a ball milling tank for ball milling treatment to obtain a compound of a nanocolloid structure with nanoparticles wrapped by two-dimensional nanosheets.
Wherein, the two-dimensional nano sheet material can be graphene or MoS2、WS2h-BN, the number of layers of the two-dimensional nanosheet is less than 50. The nanoparticles may be SiO2、Al2O3、Sb2O3Diamond, etc., the diameter of the nanoparticles being less than 150 nm in size. The mass ratio of the two-dimensional nanosheet powder to the nanoparticle powder is 1: 0.1-1: 20.
When ball milling is adopted, the material of the ball is ceramic ball, such as alumina, silicon nitride and tungsten carbide. The ball-material volume ratio is 1: 0.05-1: 20, the ball-milling rotating speed is 60-1000 rpm, and the ball-milling time is 0.5-10 h.
(2) Preparation of Complex Dispersion
And (2) dispersing the nano-roll structure compound of the two-dimensional nanosheet-coated nanoparticle prepared in the step (1) in absolute ethyl alcohol at a ratio of 500-2000 mg/L, and then ultrasonically dispersing uniformly to obtain a compound dispersion liquid.
In order to enhance the bonding force between the dispersion and the substrate, a resin binder is added to the dispersion. The resin binder may be a polyamide-imide resin, an epoxy resin, or a polyimide resin. The mass ratio of the resin binder to the nano-coil structure composite is within the range of 1: 0.05-1: 20.
The ultrasonic power during ultrasonic dispersion is 500-1500W, and the ultrasonic time is 5-60 min.
(3) Preparation of composite super-lubricating coating
And (3) spraying the compound dispersion liquid prepared in the step (2) on the surface of a base material under compressed air (oil-free) or compressed nitrogen by using a conventional coating method, and drying the surface in the air.
The material of the substrate can be selected from metals such as steel, titanium alloy, aluminum and the like, and can also be selected from ceramics such as alumina, silicon oxide, silicon nitride and the like. The thickness of the spray coating on the substrate is 1-30 microns.
Second, the microstructure of the composite super-lubricating coating with the nano-crimp structure
FIG. 1 is a typical TEM (transmission electron microscope) topographic map of the special structure of the nano-coil formed after ball milling treatment according to the present invention. The two-dimensional nano sheets are tightly wrapped on the surface of the solid nano particles to form a spherical nano roll structure with the size of tens of nanometers, and the structure can play a role in rolling the microspheres on a friction interface and is very important for obtaining the super-lubrication characteristic.
Third, the super-lubricating property of the composite super-lubricating coating with the nano-crimp structure
The evaluation is carried out on a ball-disk friction tester, a plane sample prepared by the invention is taken as a lower sample, and commercial steel balls (A), (B), (C) and (D) are usedФ6 mm, GCr 15) is the upper sample. In the unidirectional rotation mode, in an atmosphere of dry nitrogen (800 mbar), the rotation radius is 3 mm, the rotation speed is kept at 60 rpm, and the maximum Hertz contact pressure is about 0.8 GPa.
FIG. 2 is a test curve of super-lubricity of the composite lubricating coating prepared according to the present invention. The friction coefficient test result of fig. 2 shows that the friction coefficient of the composite super-lubricating coating prepared by the invention can be stably lowered to below 0.01.
In conclusion, the two-dimensional nanosheets and the nanoparticles are subjected to mechanical ball milling treatment, the nano-roll structure of the nanosheets wrapping the nanoparticles is formed through active control, the lubricating phase components of the nano-roll and the binder are further compounded to prepare the solid bonding coating, the super-lubricating property is realized by utilizing the microsphere rolling effect of the nano-roll structure on the friction interface, the friction coefficient can be reduced to a negligible degree (the friction coefficient is 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than that of a conventional solid lubricating material which is about 0.1) by matching with common steel, and the nano-roll structure is suitable for popularization and application under engineering parts and operating conditions. Meanwhile, the composite lubricant component with the special nano-coiled structure obtained by the invention can also be used as a novel lubricating additive to be added into lubricating oil to play a remarkable antifriction effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron microscope topography of a special structure of a nanocolloid formed after ball milling treatment according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a test curve of super-lubricity of the composite lubricating coating prepared according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preparation and performance of the composite super-lubricating coating of the present invention are further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
(1) Weighing MoS according to the mass ratio of 1:52Nanosheet powder (MoS)2The number of nanosheet layers is about 20) and Al2O3Nanoparticle powder (Al)2O3The diameter size of the nanoparticles is about 80 nm); mixing the above two powders uniformly, and ball milling in a ball milling tank, wherein the ball milling ball is made of alumina or MoS2Nanosheet and Al2O3The ratio of the total volume of the nano particles to the volume of the ball grinding balls is 1: 10; the rotation speed is 100 rpm in the ball milling process, and the ball milling time is 10 h to obtain MoS2Nanosheet-coated Al2O3Nano particle nanoThe rice roll structure compound is ready for use;
(2) the MoS prepared in the step (1) is added2Nanosheet-coated Al2O3Adding 0.2 g of nano-particle nano-roll structure compound into 100 ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding a polyamide-imide resin binder into a dispersion liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the polyamide-imide resin binder to the nano-roll structure compound is 1:0.5, stirring and dispersing uniformly, and then placing the mixture into an ultrasonic machine with the power of 500W for ultrasonic treatment for 5 min to obtain MoS2Nanosheet-loaded Al2O3A composite dispersion liquid of a nanoparticle nano-coil structure for later use;
(3) spraying the compound dispersion liquid obtained in the step (2) on the surface of a steel substrate under compressed air (without oil) by adopting a conventional coating method, wherein the thickness of a spraying film layer is 4 microns, and the surface is dried in the air;
(4) the frictional properties were measured using the method described previously. And (3) testing results: the coefficient of friction was 0.006.
Example 2
(1) Weighing graphene nanosheets (the number of layers of the graphene nanosheets is about 10) and SiO according to the mass ratio of 1:152Nanoparticle powder (SiO)2The diameter size of the nanoparticles is about 30 nm); mixing the two powders uniformly, and placing the mixture into a ball milling tank for ball milling treatment, wherein the ball milling ball is made of tungsten carbide, graphene nanosheets and SiO2The volume ratio of the total volume of the nano particles to the volume of the ball grinding ball is 1: 0.1; the rotating speed is 400 rpm in the ball milling process, the ball milling time is 0.5 h, and the SiO wrapped by the graphene nanosheets is obtained2A composite of nanoparticle nanoscroll structures for use;
(2) wrapping the graphene nanosheet prepared in the step (1) with SiO2Adding 0.1g of nano-roll structure compound of nano particles into 200 ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding an epoxy resin binder into a dispersion liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the epoxy resin binder to the nano-roll structure compound is 1:15, uniformly stirring and dispersing, and then placing the mixture into an ultrasonic machine with the power of 1000W for ultrasonic treatment for 60 min to obtain graphene nano sheet coated SiO2A dispersion of a nanoparticle nano-coil structured composite for use;
(3) spraying the compound dispersion liquid obtained in the step (2) on the surface of a steel substrate under compressed air (without oil) by adopting a conventional coating method, wherein the thickness of a spraying film layer is 15 microns, and the surface is dried in the air;
(4) the frictional properties were measured using the method described previously. And (3) testing results: the coefficient of friction was 0.008.
Example 3
(1) Weighing WS according to the mass ratio of 1:0.52Nanosheet (WS)2The number of nanosheet layers is about 30) and Sb2O3Nanoparticle powder (Sb)2O3The diameter size of the nanoparticles is about 130 nm); mixing the above two powders, and ball milling in a ball milling tank to obtain ball milling ball made of silicon nitride (WS)2Nanosheet and Sb2O3The ratio of the total volume of the nanoparticles to the volume of the ball milling balls is 1: 1; the rotating speed is 600 rpm in the ball milling process, the ball milling time is 8 h, and WS is obtained2Sb wrapped by nanosheets2O3A composite of nanoparticle nanoscroll structures for use;
(2) WS prepared in step (1)2Sb wrapped by nanosheets2O3Adding 0.15g of the compound with the nano-particle nano-roll structure into 100 ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding a polyimide resin binder into the dispersion liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the polyimide resin binder to the nano-roll structure compound is 1:1, uniformly stirring and dispersing, and then placing the mixture into an ultrasonic machine with the power of 1500W for ultrasonic treatment for 30 min to obtain WS2Sb wrapped by nanosheets2O3A nanoparticle nano roll structure composite dispersion for later use;
(3) spraying the compound dispersion liquid obtained in the step (2) on the surface of a steel substrate under compressed air (without oil) by adopting a conventional coating method, wherein the thickness of a spraying film layer is 26 microns, and the surface is dried in the air;
(4) the frictional properties were measured using the method described previously. And (3) testing results: the coefficient of friction was 0.009.
Example 4
(1) Weighing h-BN nano sheets (the number of layers of the h-BN nano sheets is about 50) and diamond nano particle powder (the diameter size of the diamond nano particles is about 10 nm) according to the mass ratio of 20: 1; uniformly mixing the two kinds of powder, and placing the mixture into a ball milling tank for ball milling treatment, wherein the ball milling ball is made of aluminum oxide, and the volume ratio of the total volume of h-BN nano-sheets and diamond nano-particles to the volume of the ball milling ball is 1: 20; in the ball milling process, the rotating speed is 900 rpm, the ball milling time is 2 hours, and a nano coil structure compound of h-BN nanosheet-coated diamond nanoparticles is obtained for later use;
(2) adding 0.05g of the h-BN nanosheet-coated diamond nanoparticle nano roll structure composite prepared in the step (1) into 100 ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding polyamide-imide resin into the dispersion liquid, wherein the mass ratio of a polyamide-imide resin binder to the nano roll structure composite is 1:5, uniformly stirring and dispersing, and then placing into an ultrasonic machine with the power of 500W for ultrasonic treatment for 10 min to obtain the dispersion liquid of the h-BN nanosheet-coated diamond nanoparticle nano roll structure composite for later use;
(3) spraying the compound dispersion liquid obtained in the step (2) on the surface of a steel substrate under compressed air (without oil) by adopting a conventional coating method, wherein the thickness of a spraying film layer is 2 microns, and the surface is dried in the air;
(4) the frictional properties were measured using the method described previously. And (3) testing results: the coefficient of friction was 0.010.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a composite super-lubricating coating with a nano-curled structure comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a nano coil structure lubricating phase: uniformly mixing two-dimensional nanosheet powder and nanoparticle powder, adding the mixture into a ball milling tank, and carrying out ball milling treatment to obtain a compound of a nanocolloid structure of nanoparticles wrapped by two-dimensional nanosheets;
(2) preparation of composite dispersion: dispersing the nano-roll structure compound of the two-dimensional nanosheet-coated nano-particles prepared in the step (1) in absolute ethyl alcohol, adding a resin binder into the dispersion liquid in order to enhance the binding force between the dispersion liquid and the base material, and then performing ultrasonic dispersion uniformly to obtain a compound dispersion liquid;
(3) preparing a composite super-lubricating coating: and (3) spraying the compound dispersion liquid prepared in the step (2) on the surface of a base material under compressed air or compressed nitrogen by using a conventional coating method, and drying the surface in the air.
2. The method for preparing a composite super-lubricating coating with a nano-coiled structure according to claim 1, wherein: the two-dimensional nanosheet material is graphene or MoS2、WS2h-BN, the number of layers of the two-dimensional nanosheet is less than 50.
3. The method for preparing a composite super-lubricating coating with a nano-coiled structure according to claim 1, wherein: the nano particles are SiO2、Al2O3、Sb2O3Diamond particles, the diameter of the nanoparticles being less than 150 nm in size.
4. The method for preparing a composite super-lubricating coating with a nano-coiled structure according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the two-dimensional nanosheet powder to the nanoparticle powder is 1: 0.1-1: 20.
5. The method for preparing a composite super-lubricating coating with a nano-coiled structure according to claim 1, wherein: the ball subjected to ball milling treatment is made of ceramic balls, the volume ratio of the ball materials is 1: 0.05-1: 20, the ball milling rotating speed is 60-1000 rpm, and the ball milling time is 0.5-10 h.
6. The method for preparing a composite super-lubricating coating with a nano-coiled structure according to claim 1, wherein: the mass concentration of the nano-roll structure compound with the two-dimensional nano-sheet wrapped nano-particles is 500-2000 mg/L, and the nano-roll structure compound is dispersed in absolute ethyl alcohol.
7. The method for preparing a composite super-lubricating coating with a nano-curled structure according to claims 1-6, wherein: and adding a resin binder into the dispersion liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the resin binder to the nano coil structure composite is within the range of 1: 0.05-1: 20.
8. The method for preparing a composite super-lubricating coating with a nano-coiled structure according to claim 7, wherein: the resin binder may be a polyamideimide resin, an epoxy resin, a polyimide resin.
9. The method for preparing a composite super-lubricating coating with a nano-coiled structure according to claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic power of ultrasonic dispersion is 500-1500W, and the ultrasonic time is 5-60 min.
10. The method for preparing a composite super-lubricating coating with a nano-coiled structure according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the spray coating on the substrate is 1-30 microns.
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CN115873648A (en) * 2022-12-26 2023-03-31 吉诺润滑技术(苏州)有限公司 Composite additive for lubricating oil
CN115873648B (en) * 2022-12-26 2024-06-04 吉诺润滑技术(苏州)有限公司 Composite additive for lubricating oil

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