CN112574482B - Method for preparing high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material by using nano powder - Google Patents
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/02—Copolymers with acrylonitrile
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
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- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material by utilizing nano powder, which relates to the technical field of decorative materials.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of decorative materials, in particular to a method for preparing a high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material by using nano powder.
The background art comprises the following steps:
PVC, namely polyvinyl chloride, is one of the plastic products with the largest output in the world, and has low price and wide application. Different additives can be added according to different purposes, and the PVC material can show different physical properties and mechanical properties. A proper amount of plasticizer is added into the polyvinyl chloride resin, and various hard, soft and transparent products can be prepared.
NBR, namely nitrile rubber, is mainly produced by a low-temperature emulsion polymerization method, and has the advantages of excellent oil resistance, higher wear resistance, better heat resistance and strong bonding force. Nitrile rubber is mainly used for manufacturing oil-resistant rubber products, and becomes an unnecessary and scarce elastic material in the industries of automobiles, aviation, petroleum and the like.
The invention takes the PVC and the NBR as the matrix, so that the prepared composite material has the unique advantages of the PVC and the NBR, simultaneously makes up the respective defects, and prepares the high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material by adding the functional auxiliary agent. In addition, the present invention also needs to solve the technical problem of the layered inorganic substance because the layered inorganic substance cannot be uniformly dispersed in the polymer when used as a functional filler due to its structural characteristics. Only if the layered inorganic crystal plate is fully stripped and uniformly dispersed in the polymer, the high-performance composite material can be obtained.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing a high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material, wherein functional nano powder is prepared by performing superfine treatment and modification treatment on a layered inorganic substance, so that the layered inorganic substance and a PVC/NBR matrix have good compatibility, reactivity and layer dissociation property, and the application performance of the prepared PVC/NBR decorative material is improved.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the method for preparing the high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material by using the nano powder comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Drying the layered inorganic substance in a drying oven to constant weight, and performing superfine treatment by using a jet mill to obtain superfine powder;
(2) Adding the superfine powder prepared in the step (1) into a high-speed mixer, preheating, adding hepta-O-acetyl-1-mercapto-beta-D-maltose, heating and mixing, and then grinding by using a ball mill to obtain functional nano powder;
(3) Adding PVC, an acid-binding agent and the functional nano powder prepared in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, carrying out melting reaction, and carrying out extrusion granulation to obtain a PVC premix;
(4) And (3) adding the NBR, the PVC premix prepared in the step (3), the carbon black, the halogen-free composite flame retardant and the heat stabilizer into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, feeding into a double-screw extruder, carrying out melt blending, and carrying out extrusion molding to obtain the PVC/NBR decorative material.
The layered inorganic substance is at least one selected from kaolin, mica, clay and layered double hydroxide.
The mass ratio of the superfine powder to the hepta-O-acetyl-1-mercapto-beta-D-maltose is (100).
The particle size of the superfine laminar inorganic substance is 5-20 mu m.
The grain diameter of the functional nano powder is 30-50nm.
The mass ratio of the PVC, the acid binding agent and the functional nano powder is (100).
The acid-binding agent is at least one selected from pyridine, imidazole, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine and N, N-dimethylamino pyridine.
The working temperature of the double-screw extruder in the step (3) is 155-205 ℃, and the working temperature of the double-screw extruder in the step (4) is 180-230 ℃.
The mass ratio of the NBR to the PVC premix to the carbon black to the halogen-free composite flame retardant to the heat stabilizer is 50-60.
The polymerization degree of the PVC is 700-1300.
The NBR is a copolymer of acrylonitrile and butadiene, and the acrylonitrile content is 20-50wt%.
The halogen-free composite flame retardant is selected from at least one of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate and microencapsulated red phosphorus.
The heat stabilizer is at least one of an organic tin stabilizer, a metal soap stabilizer and a lead salt stabilizer.
The invention prepares superfine powder by drying and superfine treatment, then takes hepta-O-acetyl-1-sulfydryl-beta-D-maltose as a modifier, and carries out surface modification on the powder by adopting a physical coating mode to prepare functional nano powder, thus improving the compatibility of inorganic matters as fillers with polymers and the dispersibility in the polymers, and the functional nano powder can generate nucleophilic reaction with chlorine in a PVC structure due to the existence of sulfydryl on the surface, anchoring the inorganic matters on a PVC macromolecular chain, and further optimizing the application performance of the finally prepared composite material.
In the ultra-fining treatment in the step (1), the crushing, the lamellar slippage and the stripping of the lamellar inorganic substance are realized by utilizing mechanical force, in order to strengthen the effect of the ultra-fining treatment, a proper amount of hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride is added during the ultra-fining treatment, and the addition of the hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride can accelerate the ultra-fining treatment to strip the lamellar inorganic substance and reduce the interfacial tension of the inorganic substance so as to be beneficial to the subsequent physical coating modification treatment of the hepta-O-acetyl-1-mercapto-beta-D-maltose.
The step (1) in the technical scheme is replaced by the steps of mixing the layered inorganic substance and the hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, then placing the mixture in a drying oven to be dried to constant weight, and then carrying out superfine treatment by using a jet mill to obtain superfine powder, and the rest steps are the same as the technical scheme.
The mass ratio of the layered inorganic substance to the hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride is 1-10.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the PVC/NBR decorative material is prepared by taking PVC/NBR as a matrix, preparing and adding functional nano powder and adding various additives, the prepared functional nano powder solves the problem of poor compatibility and dispersibility between a layered inorganic substance and a polymer when the layered inorganic substance is used as a filler, so that the inorganic filler is uniformly dispersed in the polymer to effectively exert the filling effect of the inorganic filler, and simultaneously, the using amount of the filler can be reduced, and the application performance of the prepared material is optimized.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Kaolin was purchased from calcined kaolin from Nemengkudong Kaolin GmbH; hepta-O-acetyl-1-mercapto-beta-D-maltose is synthesized according to the method of patent CN201410157538.3 example 1, with melting point 158-159 ℃; PVC was purchased from SG5 polyvinyl chloride resin from Wuhanxin Mobile industry Co., ltd; NBR is N230S nitrile rubber available from Shanghai Oak industries, inc. and has an acrylonitrile content of 35wt%.
Example 1
(1) Drying kaolin in a drying oven at 100 ℃ to constant weight, and performing superfine treatment by using a jet mill to obtain superfine powder with the average particle size of 15 mu m.
(2) Adding 100 parts of the superfine powder prepared in the step (1) into a high-speed mixer, preheating to 80 ℃, adding 30 parts of hepta-O-acetyl-1-mercapto-beta-D-maltose, heating to 120 ℃, mixing at the rotating speed of 1000r/min for 10min, and then grinding by using a ball mill for 24h to obtain the functional nano powder with the average particle size of 35 nm. Performing infrared spectrum analysis on the functional nano powder at 1048cm -1 An absorption peak of the C-S-C bond was found.
(3) And (3) adding 100 parts of PVC, 10 parts of imidazole and 35 parts of functional nano powder prepared in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, carrying out a melting reaction, wherein the first zone is 165 ℃, the second zone is 180 ℃, the third zone is 200 ℃, the fourth zone is 200 ℃, the fifth zone is 180 ℃, and carrying out extrusion granulation to obtain the PVC premix.
(4) And (4) adding 50 parts of NBR, 50 parts of PVC premix prepared in the step (3), 15 parts of carbon black, 2 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 1 part of zinc borate and 1 part of R201 organic tin heat stabilizer into a high-speed mixer, mixing at the rotating speed of 1000R/min for 15min, feeding into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt blending to obtain the PVC/NBR decorative material, wherein the first zone is 190 ℃, the second zone is 210 ℃, the third zone is 225 ℃, the fourth zone is 220 ℃ and the fifth zone is 205 ℃, and carrying out extrusion molding to obtain the PVC/NBR decorative material.
Example 2
The PVC/NBR decorative material of example 2 is prepared in the same manner as the PVC/NBR decorative material of example 1, except that the amount of the functional nano-powder is adjusted to 30 parts.
(1) Drying kaolin in a drying oven at 100 ℃ to constant weight, and performing superfine treatment by using a jet mill to obtain superfine powder with the average particle size of 15 mu m.
(2) Adding 100 parts of the superfine powder prepared in the step (1) into a high-speed mixer, preheating to 80 ℃, adding 30 parts of hepta-O-acetyl-1-mercapto-beta-D-maltose, heating to 120 ℃, mixing at the rotating speed of 1000r/min for 10min, and then grinding by using a ball mill for 24h to obtain the functional nano powder with the average particle size of 35 nm.
(3) And (3) adding 100 parts of PVC, 10 parts of imidazole and 30 parts of functional nano powder prepared in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt reaction at the temperature of 165 ℃ in the first zone, 180 ℃ in the second zone, 200 ℃ in the third zone, 200 ℃ in the fourth zone and 180 ℃ in the fifth zone, and carrying out extrusion granulation to obtain the PVC premix.
(4) And (3) adding 50 parts of NBR, 50 parts of PVC premix prepared in the step (3), 15 parts of carbon black, 2 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 1 part of zinc borate and 1 part of R201 organic tin heat stabilizer into a high-speed mixer, mixing for 15min at the rotating speed of 1000R/min, feeding into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt blending, wherein the first zone is 190 ℃, the second zone is 210 ℃, the third zone is 225 ℃, the fourth zone is 220 ℃, the fifth zone is 205 ℃, and carrying out extrusion molding to obtain the PVC/NBR decorative material.
Example 3
Example 3 the PVC/NBR decorative material of example 1 was prepared in the same manner except that the amount of hepta-O-acetyl-1-mercapto-. Beta. -D-maltose was adjusted to 25 parts.
(1) Drying kaolin in a drying oven at 100 ℃ to constant weight, and performing superfine treatment by using a jet mill to obtain superfine powder with the average particle size of 15 mu m.
(2) Adding 100 parts of the superfine powder prepared in the step (1) into a high-speed mixer, preheating to 80 ℃, adding 25 parts of hepta-O-acetyl-1-mercapto-beta-D-maltose, heating to 120 ℃, mixing at the rotating speed of 1000r/min for 10min, and then grinding by using a ball mill for 24h to obtain the functional nano powder with the average particle size of 35 nm.
(3) And (3) adding 100 parts of PVC, 10 parts of imidazole and 35 parts of functional nano powder prepared in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, carrying out a melting reaction, wherein the first zone is 165 ℃, the second zone is 180 ℃, the third zone is 200 ℃, the fourth zone is 200 ℃, the fifth zone is 180 ℃, and carrying out extrusion granulation to obtain the PVC premix.
(4) And (3) adding 50 parts of NBR, 50 parts of PVC premix prepared in the step (3), 15 parts of carbon black, 2 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 1 part of zinc borate and 1 part of R201 organic tin heat stabilizer into a high-speed mixer, mixing for 15min at the rotating speed of 1000R/min, feeding into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt blending, wherein the first zone is 190 ℃, the second zone is 210 ℃, the third zone is 225 ℃, the fourth zone is 220 ℃, the fifth zone is 205 ℃, and carrying out extrusion molding to obtain the PVC/NBR decorative material.
Example 4
Example 4 is the same as example 1 in the preparation of the PVC/NBR decorative material, except that hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride is added during the ultrafining treatment.
(1) 100 parts of kaolin and 5 parts of hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride are mixed and then are placed in a 100 ℃ oven to be dried to constant weight, and then superfine treatment is carried out by a jet mill to obtain superfine powder with the average particle size of 15 mu m.
(2) Adding 100 parts of the superfine powder prepared in the step (1) into a high-speed mixer, preheating to 80 ℃, adding 30 parts of hepta-O-acetyl-1-mercapto-beta-D-maltose, heating to 120 ℃, mixing at the rotating speed of 1000r/min for 10min, and then grinding by using a ball mill for 24h to obtain the functional nano powder with the average particle size of 35 nm.
(3) And (3) adding 100 parts of PVC, 10 parts of imidazole and 35 parts of functional nano powder prepared in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, carrying out a melting reaction, wherein the first zone is 165 ℃, the second zone is 180 ℃, the third zone is 200 ℃, the fourth zone is 200 ℃, the fifth zone is 180 ℃, and carrying out extrusion granulation to obtain the PVC premix.
(4) And (3) adding 50 parts of NBR, 50 parts of PVC premix prepared in the step (3), 15 parts of carbon black, 2 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 1 part of zinc borate and 1 part of R201 organic tin heat stabilizer into a high-speed mixer, mixing for 15min at the rotating speed of 1000R/min, feeding into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt blending, wherein the first zone is 190 ℃, the second zone is 210 ℃, the third zone is 225 ℃, the fourth zone is 220 ℃, the fifth zone is 205 ℃, and carrying out extrusion molding to obtain the PVC/NBR decorative material.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is the same as the PVC/NBR decorating material of example 1 except that the surface modification treatment of hepta-O-acetyl-1-mercapto- β -D-maltose was not performed on kaolin.
(1) Drying kaolin in a drying oven at 100 ℃ to constant weight, and performing superfine treatment by using a jet mill to obtain superfine powder with the average particle size of 15 mu m.
(2) And (2) grinding 100 parts of the superfine powder prepared in the step (1) by using a ball mill for 24 hours to obtain nano powder with the average particle size of 35 nm.
(3) And (3) adding 100 parts of PVC, 10 parts of imidazole and 35 parts of functional nano powder prepared in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, carrying out melt reaction, wherein the temperature of a first zone is 165 ℃, the temperature of a second zone is 180 ℃, the temperature of a third zone is 200 ℃, the temperature of a fourth zone is 200 ℃, and the temperature of a fifth zone is 180 ℃, and carrying out extrusion granulation to obtain the PVC premix.
(4) And (3) adding 50 parts of NBR, 50 parts of PVC premix prepared in the step (3), 15 parts of carbon black, 2 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 1 part of zinc borate and 1 part of R201 organic tin heat stabilizer into a high-speed mixer, mixing for 15min at the rotating speed of 1000R/min, feeding into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt blending, wherein the first zone is 190 ℃, the second zone is 210 ℃, the third zone is 225 ℃, the fourth zone is 220 ℃, the fifth zone is 205 ℃, and carrying out extrusion molding to obtain the PVC/NBR decorative material.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is the same as the PVC/NBR decorative material of example 1 except that kaolin is not ultrafinely processed.
(1) Adding 100 parts of kaolin into a high-speed mixer, preheating to 80 ℃, adding 30 parts of hepta-O-acetyl-1-sulfydryl-beta-D-maltose, heating to 120 ℃, mixing for 10min at the rotating speed of 1000r/min, and then grinding for 24h by using a ball mill to obtain functional nano powder with the average particle size of 35 nm.
(2) And (3) adding 100 parts of PVC, 10 parts of imidazole and 35 parts of kaolin prepared in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt reaction at the temperature of 165 ℃ in the first zone, 180 ℃ in the second zone, 200 ℃ in the third zone, 200 ℃ in the fourth zone and 180 ℃ in the fifth zone, and carrying out extrusion granulation to obtain the PVC premix.
(3) And (4) adding 50 parts of NBR, 50 parts of PVC premix prepared in the step (3), 15 parts of carbon black, 2 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 1 part of zinc borate and 1 part of R201 organic tin heat stabilizer into a high-speed mixer, mixing at the rotating speed of 1000R/min for 15min, feeding into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt blending to obtain the PVC/NBR decorative material, wherein the first zone is 190 ℃, the second zone is 210 ℃, the third zone is 225 ℃, the fourth zone is 220 ℃ and the fifth zone is 205 ℃, and carrying out extrusion molding to obtain the PVC/NBR decorative material.
The PVC/NBR decorative materials having a thickness of 15mm prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were tested for tensile strength and elongation at break according to GB/T528-2009, the results of which are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Numbering | Tensile strength/MPa | Elongation at break/%) |
| Example 1 | 20.3 | 647 |
| Example 2 | 16.7 | 613 |
| Example 3 | 18.4 | 628 |
| Example 4 | 21.7 | 659 |
| Comparative example 1 | 12.1 | 474 |
| Comparative example 2 | 14.5 | 565 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the present invention remarkably improves the tensile strength and elongation at break of the finally produced PVC/NBR decorative material by the ultrafine treatment and surface modification treatment of the layered inorganic substance, that is, the mechanical properties of the PVC/NBR decorative material are greatly optimized.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The method for preparing the high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material by using the nano powder is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Drying the layered inorganic substance in a drying oven to constant weight, and performing superfine treatment by using a jet mill to obtain superfine powder;
(2) Adding the superfine powder prepared in the step (1) into a high-speed mixer, preheating, adding hepta-O-acetyl-1-mercapto-beta-D-maltose, heating and mixing, and then grinding by using a ball mill to obtain functional nano powder;
(3) Adding PVC, an acid-binding agent and the functional nano powder prepared in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, carrying out melting reaction, and carrying out extrusion granulation to obtain a PVC premix;
(4) Adding the NBR, the PVC premix prepared in the step (3), the carbon black, the halogen-free composite flame retardant and the heat stabilizer into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, feeding into a double-screw extruder, melting, blending, and performing extrusion molding to obtain a PVC/NBR decorative material;
the layered inorganic substance is at least one selected from kaolin, mica, clay and layered double hydroxide.
2. The method for preparing high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material using nano powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the superfine powder to the hepta-O-acetyl-1-mercapto-beta-D-maltose is 100:20-80.
3. The method for preparing high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material using nano powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the grain diameter of the superfine powder is 5-20 mu m; the grain diameter of the functional nano powder is 30-50nm.
4. The method for preparing high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material using nano powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the PVC, the acid-binding agent and the functional nano powder is 100:1-15:10-50.
5. The method for preparing high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material using nano powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the acid-binding agent is at least one selected from pyridine, imidazole, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine and N, N-dimethylamino pyridine.
6. The method for preparing high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material using nano powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the working temperature of the double-screw extruder in the step (3) is 155-205 ℃, and the working temperature of the double-screw extruder in the step (4) is 180-230 ℃.
7. The method for preparing high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material using nano powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the NBR to the PVC premix to the carbon black to the halogen-free composite flame retardant to the heat stabilizer is 50:30-60:10-30:0.5-5:0.5-5.
8. The method for preparing high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material using nano powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the polymerization degree of the PVC is 700-1300; the NBR is a copolymer of acrylonitrile and butadiene, and the acrylonitrile content is 20-50wt%.
9. The method for preparing high-performance PVC/NBR decorative material using nano powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the halogen-free composite flame retardant is selected from at least one of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate and microencapsulated red phosphorus; the heat stabilizer is at least one of an organic tin stabilizer, a metal soap stabilizer and a lead salt stabilizer.
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6043318A (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 2000-03-28 | Hardiman; Christopher John | Nitrile rubber/polyvinyl chloride blends |
| JP2004175868A (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2004-06-24 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | Halogen-containing resin composition |
| CN101457000A (en) * | 2008-12-08 | 2009-06-17 | 青岛高科塑胶研究开发中心 | Polyvinyl chloride/nitrile rubber/phyllo-silicate nano composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103055806A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学技术大学 | Carbon-coated attapulgite clay composite material and its preparation method |
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2020
- 2020-12-10 CN CN202011434710.7A patent/CN112574482B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6043318A (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 2000-03-28 | Hardiman; Christopher John | Nitrile rubber/polyvinyl chloride blends |
| JP2004175868A (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2004-06-24 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | Halogen-containing resin composition |
| CN101457000A (en) * | 2008-12-08 | 2009-06-17 | 青岛高科塑胶研究开发中心 | Polyvinyl chloride/nitrile rubber/phyllo-silicate nano composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103055806A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学技术大学 | Carbon-coated attapulgite clay composite material and its preparation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 有机蒙脱土对聚氯乙烯/丁腈橡胶纳米复合材料结构与性能的影响;王毅等;《合成橡胶工业》;20100515;第33卷(第03期);第229-232页 * |
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