CN112573915A - High-performance special ceramic material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance special ceramic material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- OBOSXEWFRARQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n,2-n-dimethylpyridine-2,5-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(N)C=N1 OBOSXEWFRARQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical group [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-performance special ceramic material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-performance special ceramic material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-56 parts of zirconium oxide, 5-8 parts of yttrium chloride, 2-5 parts of Suzhou soil, 10-12 parts of cerium oxide, 12-15 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.3-0.5 part of titanium oxide, 0.4-0.7 part of magnesium oxide, 0.2-0.5 part of lanthanum oxide, 100-200 parts of pure water, 0.5-1 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1-0.5 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.3-0.8 part of glycerol and 0.2-0.5 part of polyethylene glycol. The high-performance special ceramic material is prepared by the steps of raw material dissolution, filter pressing, microwave drying, medium-temperature calcination, ball milling, granulation and the like. The ceramic part made of the high-performance special ceramic material has high wear resistance, is particularly suitable for various ceramic valves, and can be widely applied to other ceramic equipment or tools requiring high wear resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic material preparation, and particularly relates to a high-performance special ceramic material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Specialty ceramics have been widely used in various areas of modern industry, particularly zirconia ceramics. The zirconia ceramics not only has the characteristics of acid resistance, alkali resistance, good corrosion resistance and high hardness of other special ceramics, but also has good toughness, so that the zirconia ceramics are more and more widely used in various industries, such as ceramic valves, ceramic pipelines, ceramic bearings, ceramic grinders, high-wear-resistance kitchenware and the like.
Take a ceramic valve as an example. Many industries that transport dust or slurry containing solid particles under pressure need frequent shutdown and replacement because metal valves are fast in abrasion and corrosion, thereby affecting continuous production and bringing huge economic loss. Many of these industries, which are highly corrosive and abrasive, now use ceramic valves, and it is desirable that the higher the corrosion and abrasion resistance of the ceramic valves, the better.
The ceramic part of the ceramic valve is generally made of zirconia ceramic powder, and the ceramic valve made by the prior art has lower wear resistance and can not meet the application requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-performance special ceramic material and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that a ceramic valve prepared by the prior art is low in wear resistance and cannot meet application requirements.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-performance special ceramic material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-56 parts of zirconium oxide, 5-8 parts of yttrium chloride, 2-5 parts of Suzhou soil, 10-12 parts of cerium oxide, 12-15 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.3-0.5 part of titanium oxide, 0.4-0.7 part of magnesium oxide, 0.2-0.5 part of lanthanum oxide, 100-200 parts of pure water, 0.5-1 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1-0.5 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.3-0.8 part of glycerol and 0.2-0.5 part of polyethylene glycol.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows: suzhou soil is fine and smooth, the sintering temperature is reduced in the high-performance special ceramic material, the crystal grain growth is inhibited by sintering at a lower temperature, and the strength of the ceramic is improved. The cerium oxide as the rare earth material can well reduce the internal stress of the high-performance special ceramic, thereby improving the service temperature of the new-performance special ceramic and further being capable of being used at higher temperature. The lanthanum oxide can improve the hardness of the novel ceramic, thereby improving the wear resistance and reducing the wear volume. During sintering, Suzhou soil, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide and titanium oxide can well form solid solution at high temperature, so that the structure of the high-performance special ceramic material is more compact. The yttrium chloride is added and calcined at high temperature to become yttrium oxide energy, so that the crystal form of the zirconium oxide can be well maintained in a tetragonal form, and the strength of the zirconium oxide is improved. The invention improves the wear resistance of the ceramic part and reduces the wear volume under the synergistic effect of zirconia, yttrium chloride, Suzhou soil, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and lanthanum oxide.
Further, the high-performance special ceramic material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 46 parts of zirconium oxide, 6 parts of yttrium chloride, 3 parts of Suzhou soil, 10 parts of cerium oxide, 14 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.4 part of titanium oxide, 0.5 part of magnesium oxide, 0.3 part of lanthanum oxide, 150 parts of pure water, 0.3 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.5 part of glycerol and 0.4 part of polyethylene glycol.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-performance special ceramic material, which comprises the following steps:
a: putting zirconium oxide, yttrium chloride, Suzhou soil, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and lanthanum oxide into a dissolving kettle, adding pure water, dissolving and mixing to prepare a mixed solution a;
b: pumping the mixed solution a prepared in the step A into a filter press for pressure filtration to obtain a filter cake b;
c: putting the filter cake B prepared in the step B into a microwave oven for drying and calcining at a medium temperature to obtain mixed powder c;
d: c, putting the mixed powder C prepared in the step C into a ball mill, adding pure water, and carrying out ball milling to obtain slurry d;
e: d, transferring the slurry D prepared in the step D into a vertical ball mill, adding polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, glycerol and polyethylene glycol, and uniformly mixing to prepare slurry e;
f: and E, passing the slurry E prepared in the step E through a centrifugal spray granulation tower to obtain powder f, wherein the powder f is the high-performance special ceramic material.
Further, in the step A, zirconium oxide, yttrium chloride, Suzhou soil, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and lanthanum oxide are placed into a dissolving kettle to be dissolved under the following conditions: the dissolving temperature is 60-68 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 3-4 h.
Further, in the step B, the mixed solution a prepared in the step A is transferred to a filter press to be subjected to pressure filtration: the filter cloth of the filter press is 750-780A, and the pressure is maintained for 0.4-0.5MPa for 5-10 min.
Further, the microwave drying conditions in step C: the microwave temperature is 100-120 ℃, the microwave rate is 500-800W, and the treatment time is 50-60 min.
Further, the conditions of the calcination in step C: calcining at 900-1200 deg.C for 4-6 h.
And further, the rotating speed of the ball mill in the step D is 50-200 r/min, and the time is 4-6 h.
Furthermore, the rotation speed of the vertical ball mill in the step E is 100-.
Further, the rotation speed of the centrifugal prilling tower in the step F is 8000-320 rpm, the inlet temperature is 240-320 ℃, and the outlet temperature is 80-110 ℃.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the wear resistance of the ceramic part prepared by the method is obviously superior to that of the ceramic part prepared by the prior art, and is at least improved by 59.65 percent;
(2) the ceramic part made of the high-performance special ceramic material has high wear resistance, and the wear volume is less than or equal to 0.69mm3The wear-resistant ceramic valve has excellent wear resistance, is beneficial to the continuity and durability of use, is particularly suitable for being applied to various ceramic valves, and can be widely applied to other ceramic equipment or tools requiring high wear resistance.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate a better understanding of the invention, the following examples are given to illustrate, but not to limit the scope of the invention.
In the embodiment, the high-performance special ceramic material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-56 parts of zirconium oxide, 5-8 parts of yttrium chloride, 2-5 parts of Suzhou soil, 10-12 parts of cerium oxide, 12-15 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.3-0.5 part of titanium oxide, 0.4-0.7 part of magnesium oxide, 0.2-0.5 part of lanthanum oxide, 100 parts of pure water, 0.5-1 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1-0.5 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.3-0.8 part of glycerol and 0.2-0.5 part of polyethylene glycol;
the granularity of the lanthanum oxide is 2000-3000 meshes;
the preparation method of the high-performance special ceramic material comprises the following steps:
a: putting zirconium oxide, yttrium chloride, Suzhou soil, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and lanthanum oxide into a dissolving kettle, adding 60-120 parts of pure water for dissolving and mixing, wherein the dissolving temperature is 60-68 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-4 hours to prepare a mixed solution a;
b: pumping the mixed solution a prepared in the step A into a filter press for pressure filtration to obtain a filter cake b, wherein the pressure filtration condition in the filter press is as follows: the filter cloth of the filter press is 750-780A, the pressure is maintained for 0.4-0.5MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5-10 min;
c: and C, putting the filter cake B prepared in the step B into a container for microwave drying and medium-temperature calcination to obtain mixed powder c, wherein the microwave drying conditions are as follows: the microwave temperature is 100-: calcining at 900-1200 ℃ for 4-6 h;
d: c, putting the mixed powder C prepared in the step C into a ball mill, adding 40-80 parts of pure water, and carrying out ball milling to obtain slurry d, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 50-200 r/min, and the time is 4-6 h;
e: d, transferring the slurry D prepared in the step D into an upright ball mill, adding polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, glycerol and polyethylene glycol, and uniformly mixing to prepare a slurry e, wherein the rotating speed of the upright ball mill is 100-200 revolutions per minute, and the time is 2-3 hours;
f: and E, passing the slurry E prepared in the step E through a centrifugal spray granulation tower to obtain powder f, wherein the powder f is the high-performance special ceramic material, the rotating speed of the centrifugal granulation tower is 8000-320 r/min, the inlet temperature is 240-320 ℃, and the outlet temperature is 80-110 ℃.
The present invention is illustrated by the following more specific examples.
Example 1
A high-performance special ceramic material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 46 parts of zirconium oxide, 6 parts of yttrium chloride, 3 parts of Suzhou soil, 10 parts of cerium oxide, 14 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.4 part of titanium oxide, 0.5 part of magnesium oxide, 0.3 part of lanthanum oxide, 150 parts of pure water, 0.3 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.5 part of glycerol and 0.4 part of polyethylene glycol;
the granularity of the lanthanum oxide is 2000 meshes;
the preparation method of the high-performance special ceramic material comprises the following steps:
a: putting zirconium oxide, yttrium chloride, Suzhou soil, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and lanthanum oxide into a dissolving kettle, adding 100 parts of pure water, dissolving and mixing, wherein the dissolving temperature is 60 ℃, and preserving heat for 4 hours to prepare a mixed solution a;
b: pumping the mixed solution a prepared in the step A into a filter press for pressure filtration to obtain a filter cake b, wherein the pressure filtration condition in the filter press is as follows: the filter cloth of the filter press is 750A, the pressure is maintained at 0.4MPa for 8 min;
c: and C, putting the filter cake B prepared in the step B into a container for microwave drying and medium-temperature calcination to obtain mixed powder c, wherein the microwave drying conditions are as follows: the microwave temperature is 100 ℃, the microwave rate is 600W, the treatment time is 50min, and the calcining conditions are as follows: calcining at 1000 deg.C for 4 h;
d: c, putting the mixed powder C prepared in the step C into a ball mill, adding 50 parts of pure water, and carrying out ball milling to obtain slurry d, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 100 revolutions per minute, and the time is 6 hours;
e: d, transferring the slurry D prepared in the step D into an attritor mill, adding polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, glycerol and polyethylene glycol, and uniformly mixing to prepare slurry e, wherein the rotating speed of the attritor mill is 150 revolutions per minute, and the time is 2 hours;
f: and E, passing the slurry E prepared in the step E through a centrifugal spray granulation tower to obtain powder f, wherein the powder f is the high-performance special ceramic material, the rotating speed of the centrifugal granulation tower is 10000 r/min, the inlet temperature is 260 ℃, and the outlet temperature is 95 ℃.
Example 2
A high-performance special ceramic material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 42 parts of zirconium oxide, 6 parts of yttrium chloride, 2 parts of Suzhou soil, 10 parts of cerium oxide, 12 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.3 part of titanium oxide, 0.4 part of magnesium oxide, 0.2 part of lanthanum oxide, 100 parts of pure water, 0.5 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.2 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.3 part of glycerol and 0.2 part of polyethylene glycol;
the granularity of the lanthanum oxide is 3000 meshes;
the preparation method of the high-performance special ceramic material comprises the following steps:
a: putting zirconium oxide, yttrium chloride, Suzhou soil, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and lanthanum oxide into a dissolving kettle, adding 60 parts of pure water, dissolving and mixing, wherein the dissolving temperature is 62 ℃, and preserving heat for 3.7 hours to prepare a mixed solution a;
b: pumping the mixed solution a prepared in the step A into a filter press for pressure filtration to obtain a filter cake b, wherein the pressure filtration condition in the filter press is as follows: the filter cloth of the filter press is 750A, the pressure is maintained for 0.4MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 10 min;
c: and C, putting the filter cake B prepared in the step B into a container for microwave drying and medium-temperature calcination to obtain mixed powder c, wherein the microwave drying conditions are as follows: the microwave temperature is 110 ℃, the microwave rate is 500W, the treatment time is 56min, and the calcining conditions are as follows: calcining at 900 deg.C for 6 h;
d: c, putting the mixed powder C prepared in the step C into a ball mill, adding 40 parts of pure water, and carrying out ball milling to obtain slurry d, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 60 revolutions per minute, and the time is 5.4 hours;
e: d, transferring the slurry D prepared in the step D into an attritor mill, adding polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, glycerol and polyethylene glycol, and uniformly mixing to prepare slurry e, wherein the rotating speed of the attritor mill is 100 revolutions per minute, and the time is 3 hours;
f: and E, passing the slurry E prepared in the step E through a centrifugal spray granulation tower to obtain powder f, wherein the powder f is the high-performance special ceramic material, the rotating speed of the centrifugal granulation tower is 8000 revolutions per minute, the inlet temperature is 243 ℃, and the outlet temperature is 86 ℃.
Example 3
A high-performance special ceramic material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of zirconium oxide, 7 parts of yttrium chloride, 4 parts of Suzhou soil, 11 parts of cerium oxide, 15 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.5 part of titanium oxide, 0.7 part of magnesium oxide, 0.5 part of lanthanum oxide, 180 parts of pure water, 0.9 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.4 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.7 part of glycerol and 0.5 part of polyethylene glycol;
the granularity of the lanthanum oxide is 2000 meshes;
the preparation method of the high-performance special ceramic material comprises the following steps:
a: putting zirconium oxide, yttrium chloride, Suzhou soil, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and lanthanum oxide into a dissolving kettle, adding 110 parts of pure water, dissolving and mixing, wherein the dissolving temperature is 66 ℃, and preserving heat for 3 hours to prepare a mixed solution a;
b: pumping the mixed solution a prepared in the step A into a filter press for pressure filtration to obtain a filter cake b, wherein the pressure filtration condition in the filter press is as follows: the filter cloth of the filter press is 770A, the pressure is maintained for 0.5MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 8 min;
c: and C, putting the filter cake B prepared in the step B into a container for microwave drying and medium-temperature calcination to obtain mixed powder c, wherein the microwave drying conditions are as follows: the microwave temperature is 120 ℃, the microwave rate is 800W, the processing time is 50min, and the calcining conditions are as follows: calcining at 1200 ℃ for 4 h;
d: c, putting the mixed powder C prepared in the step C into a ball mill, adding 70 parts of pure water, and carrying out ball milling to obtain slurry d, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 150 revolutions per minute, and the time is 4.6 hours;
e: d, transferring the slurry D prepared in the step D into an attritor mill, adding polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, glycerol and polyethylene glycol, and uniformly mixing to prepare slurry e, wherein the rotating speed of the attritor mill is 200 r/min, and the time is 2 hours;
f: and E, passing the slurry E prepared in the step E through a centrifugal spray granulation tower to obtain powder f, wherein the powder f is the high-performance special ceramic material, the rotating speed of the centrifugal granulation tower is 11000 r/min, the inlet temperature is 300 ℃, and the outlet temperature is 100 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The process for making the specialty ceramic material of example 1 is essentially the same except that the raw materials are absent of zirconia.
Comparative example 2
Essentially the same procedure as used in example 1 for the preparation of specialty ceramic materials, except that yttrium chloride is absent from the raw materials.
Comparative example 3
The process for making specialty ceramic materials is essentially the same as that used in example 1, except that the raw materials for making the specialty ceramic materials lack suzhou clay.
Comparative example 4
The process for preparing the specialty ceramic material of example 1 is essentially the same except that the raw materials for preparation are devoid of cerium oxide.
Comparative example 5
The process for making specialty ceramic materials is essentially the same as that used in example 1, except that the raw materials are absent of alumina.
Comparative example 6
The process for preparing the special ceramic material is substantially the same as that of example 1, except that the raw material for the preparation lacks titanium oxide.
Comparative example 7
The process for making the specialty ceramic material of example 1 is essentially the same except that the raw materials are absent of magnesia.
Comparative example 8
The process for making the specialty ceramic material of example 1 is essentially the same except that lanthanum oxide is absent from the raw materials.
Comparative example 9
The special ceramic material is prepared by adopting the method in example 1 in the Chinese patent document 'preparation method of a novel special ceramic material (patent number: ZL 201510851751.9').
The wear resistance of the ceramic parts obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 9 was measured using the GB/T3810.6-2006 test standard (three replicates of each example and comparative example were averaged), and the results are shown in the following table.
| Experimental project | Average wear volume (mm)3） |
| Example 1 | 0.60 |
| Example 2 | 0.65 |
| Example 3 | 0.69 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.73 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.74 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.70 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.73 |
| Comparative example 5 | 0.72 |
| Comparative example 6 | 0.75 |
| Comparative example 7 | 0.71 |
| Comparative example 8 | 0.74 |
| Comparative example 9 | 1.71 |
From the above table, it can be seen that: (2) as can be seen from the data of examples 1-3 and comparative example 9, the wear resistance of the ceramic parts prepared in examples 1-3 is significantly better than that of the ceramic part prepared in comparative example 9 (prior art), at least 59.65%; meanwhile, as can be seen from the data of examples 1 to 3, the wear volume is less than or equal to 0.69mm3The excellent wear resistance of the ceramic piece is illustrated, and example 1 is the most preferred example.
(2) As can be seen from the data of example 1 and comparative examples 1-8, the absence of zirconia, yttrium chloride, suzhou clay, ceria, alumina, titania, magnesia, and lanthana all affect the wear resistance of the ceramic part, and in addition, zirconia, yttrium chloride, suzhou clay, ceria, alumina, titania, magnesia, and lanthana act synergistically in the preparation of the ceramic material to synergistically improve the wear resistance of the ceramic part by: suzhou soil is fine and smooth, the sintering temperature is reduced in the high-performance special ceramic material, the crystal grain growth is inhibited by sintering at a lower temperature, and the strength of the ceramic is improved. The cerium oxide as the rare earth material can well reduce the internal stress of the high-performance special ceramic, thereby improving the service temperature of the new-performance special ceramic and further being capable of being used at higher temperature. The lanthanum oxide can improve the hardness of the novel ceramic, thereby improving the wear resistance and reducing the wear volume. During sintering, Suzhou soil, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide and titanium oxide can well form solid solution at high temperature, so that the structure of the high-performance special ceramic material is more compact. The yttrium chloride is added and calcined at high temperature to become yttrium oxide energy, so that the crystal form of the zirconium oxide can be well maintained in a tetragonal form, and the strength of the zirconium oxide is improved. The invention improves the wear resistance of the ceramic part and reduces the wear volume under the synergistic effect of zirconia, yttrium chloride, Suzhou soil, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and lanthanum oxide.
The above description should not be taken as limiting the invention to the specific embodiments, but rather, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, numerous simplifications or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which should be construed to fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. The high-performance special ceramic material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-56 parts of zirconium oxide, 5-8 parts of yttrium chloride, 2-5 parts of Suzhou soil, 10-12 parts of cerium oxide, 12-15 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.3-0.5 part of titanium oxide, 0.4-0.7 part of magnesium oxide, 0.2-0.5 part of lanthanum oxide, 100-200 parts of pure water, 0.5-1 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1-0.5 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.3-0.8 part of glycerol and 0.2-0.5 part of polyethylene glycol.
2. The special high-performance ceramic material as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 46 parts of zirconium oxide, 6 parts of yttrium chloride, 3 parts of Suzhou soil, 10 parts of cerium oxide, 14 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.4 part of titanium oxide, 0.5 part of magnesium oxide, 0.3 part of lanthanum oxide, 150 parts of pure water, 0.3 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5 part of polyacrylic acid, 0.5 part of glycerol and 0.4 part of polyethylene glycol.
3. A method for preparing a high-performance special ceramic material according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises the following steps:
a: putting zirconium oxide, yttrium chloride, Suzhou soil, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and lanthanum oxide into a dissolving kettle, adding pure water, dissolving and mixing to prepare a mixed solution a;
b: pumping the mixed solution a prepared in the step A into a filter press for pressure filtration to obtain a filter cake b;
c: putting the filter cake B prepared in the step B into a microwave oven for drying and calcining at a medium temperature to obtain mixed powder c;
d: c, putting the mixed powder C prepared in the step C into a ball mill, adding pure water, and carrying out ball milling to obtain slurry d;
e: d, transferring the slurry D prepared in the step D into a vertical ball mill, adding polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, glycerol and polyethylene glycol, and uniformly mixing to prepare slurry e;
f: and E, passing the slurry E prepared in the step E through a centrifugal spray granulation tower to obtain powder f, wherein the powder f is the high-performance special ceramic material.
4. The preparation method of the special high-performance ceramic material as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step A, the zirconium oxide, yttrium chloride, Suzhou soil, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and lanthanum oxide are put into a dissolving kettle to be dissolved under the following conditions: the dissolving temperature is 60-68 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 3-4 h.
5. The preparation method of the high-performance special ceramic material according to claim 3, wherein the mixed solution a prepared in the step A is transferred to a filter press in the step B under the condition of pressure filtration: the filter cloth of the filter press is 750-780A, and the pressure is maintained for 0.4-0.5MPa for 5-10 min.
6. The preparation method of the high-performance special ceramic material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the microwave drying conditions in step C are as follows: the microwave temperature is 100-120 ℃, the microwave rate is 500-800W, and the treatment time is 50-60 min.
7. The method for preparing a special high-performance ceramic material according to claim 3, wherein the calcining conditions in step C are as follows: calcining at 900-1200 deg.C for 4-6 h.
8. The preparation method of the high-performance special ceramic material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rotation speed of the ball mill in the step D is 50-200 r/min, and the time is 4-6 h.
9. The method for preparing a special high-performance ceramic material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the speed of the ball mill in step E is 100-200 rpm for 2-3 h.
10. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rotation speed of the centrifugal granulation tower in step F is 8000-12000 r/min, the inlet temperature is 240-320 ℃, and the outlet temperature is 80-110 ℃.
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