CN112573555A - Carbide slag mineralization fixation of CO2And method for preparing fine calcium carbonate - Google Patents

Carbide slag mineralization fixation of CO2And method for preparing fine calcium carbonate Download PDF

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CN112573555A
CN112573555A CN202011467500.8A CN202011467500A CN112573555A CN 112573555 A CN112573555 A CN 112573555A CN 202011467500 A CN202011467500 A CN 202011467500A CN 112573555 A CN112573555 A CN 112573555A
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reactor
gas
carbide slag
calcium carbonate
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于常军
王麒
魏巍
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Yuanchu Technology Corp
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    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01FCOMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F11/00Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
    • C01F11/18Carbonates
    • C01F11/181Preparation of calcium carbonate by carbonation of aqueous solutions and characterised by control of the carbonation conditions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01FCOMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F11/00Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for mineralizing and fixing CO by carbide slag2And a method for preparing fine calcium carbonate. The method comprises the following steps: 1) by using a gas containing CO2The gas and the slurry of the carbide slag are reacted in a first reactor to generate Ca (HCO)3)2(ii) a 2) The Ca (HCO) is obtained by solid-liquid separation of the system after the reaction in the step 1)3)2Conveying the aqueous solution to a second reactor, heating and decomposing to obtain calcium carbonate and CO2Gas and water vapor; 3) CO obtained by the reaction in the step 2)2Returning the gas to the first reactor for reaction, separating the calcium carbonate in the system after the reaction in the step 2), and returning the obtained clear liquid to the first reactor to complete a cycle. The method avoids using acid-base, ammonium chloride and other leaching agents, reduces material consumption and avoids impurities which may be introduced; the use and the overflow of ammonia gas are avoided, and the requirements on the sealing property, the material and the like of equipment are low; short process flow, easy amplification and contribution to realizing large-scale industrializationApplication is carried out.

Description

Carbide slag mineralization fixation of CO2And method for preparing fine calcium carbonate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solid waste utilization and carbon emission reduction, in particular to carbide slag mineralized and fixed CO2And a method for preparing fine calcium carbonate.
Background
The large scale storage and fixation of carbon dioxide is CO2The main ways of emission reduction mainly comprise geological storage, ocean storage and mineral carbonation fixation. Wherein the mineral carbonation is the carbonation of CO2With oxygen of alkaline earth metals such as calcium and magnesiumThe compound and salt react to produce carbonate. The mineral carbonation fixation of carbon dioxide has the advantages of high stability, low energy consumption and the like, and is considered to be one of important ways for fixing and utilizing carbon dioxide.
The carbide slag is the residue after the reaction of carbide with water to release acetylene gas, the main component is calcium hydroxide, and in addition, because of different compositions of carbide, the carbide slag also contains a small amount of organic impurities, such as magnesium oxide, iron oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide and the like. Some products developed by using the carbide slag at present have lower price, and if the products can be converted into calcium carbonate products which are in the fourth place in the amount of the inorganic salt, the products not only bring huge economic benefits for enterprises, but also have profound practical significance for environmental protection. At present, the production of calcium carbonate by using carbide slag can be mainly divided into a calcining method and an extracting method. For example, CN102527225B, CN100457632C, CN109467322A and the like describe that calcium carbide slag is calcined at high temperature to obtain quicklime, and then the quicklime is mixed with CO2Or other carbonizing agents (carbonates, bicarbonates, etc.) to obtain calcium carbonate. The high temperature calcination process of this process requires a large amount of energy consumption. The leaching process for the production of calcium carbonate generally comprises two stages: a leaching stage and a carbonation stage. The leaching stage mainly comprises the step of leaching calcium ions in the carbide slag by selecting a proper leaching agent. During the carbonation stage, the calcium ions are mixed with CO2And reacting under alkaline conditions to obtain a calcium carbonate product. The leaching agent is usually acid or acid salt, including hydrochloric acid, amino acid, fatty acid, ammonium chloride, etc., such as CN101264920B, CN101580257A, etc., by using hydrochloric acid as leaching agent, calcium chloride solution is obtained by reacting carbide slag with hydrochloric acid, and then the calcium chloride solution is mixed with carbonizing agent (sodium carbonate) or with CO under alkaline condition2The method has simple process, but continuously consumes acid and alkali in the process, generates chloride waste liquid, and has no prospect of large-scale production from the aspects of resource utilization and environment. CN101293663B, CN102992373A and the like use amino acid and fatty acid as leaching agents to prepare calcium carbonate, the prepared calcium carbonate has the characteristics of small particle size, good dispersibility and the like, but the cost is high when the amino acid is used as the leaching agent, and the acidity is higher than that of carbonic acid when the fatty acid is used as the leaching agent, so CO cannot be used2AsThe carbonization agent (carbonate, bicarbonate, etc.) is consumed continuously, and large-scale industrial application cannot be realized. The preparation of calcium carbonate by leaching carbide slag with ammonium chloride as a leaching agent is a relatively common process, and many reports are reported, such as CN102602973B (a method for synthesizing ultrafine calcium carbonate by using carbide slag), CN104229852B (a method for modifying the surface of fine calcium carbonate prepared from carbide slag), CN1854069A (a method for preparing ultrafine calcium carbonate from carbide slag), CN101020579A (a method for preparing high-purity light calcium carbonate micropowder from carbide slag), CN103738997A (a method for preparing nano calcium carbonate from carbide slag) and the like. The above methods all use ammonium chloride as leaching agent, and the difference is that the dispersing agent and the activating agent are different. These methods are feasible from the chemical principle, but the general problem is that the whole process is not aware of the separation and overflow problem of ammonia gas. The leaching method needs to use a third acidic leaching agent, so that even if the leaching agent can be recycled, the loss of the leaching agent and other impurities introduced by the loss of the leaching agent are generated, and the process route is prolonged.
In summary, the methods for preparing calcium carbonate by using carbide slag disclosed at present all have certain disadvantages, such as large consumption of acid, alkali and carbonizing agent, high energy consumption, waste brine generation and the like in the calcining method. The leaching method needs to use a third acidic leaching agent, and has the problems of long process route, loss of the leaching agent, introduction of other impurities and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel method for leaching carbide slag and mineralizing and fixing CO2Method for preparing fine calcium carbonate by using CO2As a leaching agent and a carbonizing agent of the carbide slag, the use of a third acid leaching agent is avoided, and the use and overflow of ammonia gas are also avoided.
The carbide slag provided by the invention mineralizes and fixes CO2The method for preparing the fine calcium carbonate comprises the following steps:
1) by using a gas containing CO2The gas and the slurry of the carbide slag are reacted in the first reactor to cause CaO (or Ca (OH)) therein to react2) GeneratingCa(HCO3)2And dissolved in water;
2) the Ca (HCO) is obtained by solid-liquid separation of the system after the reaction in the step 1)3)2Conveying the aqueous solution to a second reactor, heating and decomposing to obtain calcium carbonate precipitate and CO2Gas and water vapor;
3) CO obtained by the reaction in the step 2)2Returning the gas to the first reactor for reaction, separating the calcium carbonate precipitate in the system after the reaction in the step 2), and returning the obtained clear liquid to the first reactor to complete a cycle.
In the method, in the step 1), before the reaction, the carbide slag is ground to 100-500 meshes and then mixed with water to prepare slurry;
the mass fraction of the carbide slag in the slurry is 1-8%, preferably 4-7.5%, based on the mass of the calcium oxide. In the above method, in the step 1), the CO is contained2The gas of (a) includes, but is not limited to, waste gas of a thermal power plant, waste gas of coal chemical industry, waste gas of a cement plant, etc.;
said CO-containing2CO in the gas of (2)2The content by volume of (A) is 5% to 100%, preferably 10% to 100%.
In the above method, in the step 1), the CO is contained2The molar ratio of the gas to the carbide slag is 2-6: 1, preferably 3-5: 1, wherein the carbide slag is calculated by calcium oxide;
controlling the pH of the solution to be 4-8.4 by using the CO-containing solution2The ventilation amount of the gas (2) is controlled.
In the above method, the first reactor includes but is not limited to a spray tower, a bubble stirred tank, a bubble tubular reactor and a gas lift reactor;
the second reactor includes but is not limited to an evaporative crystallizer, a spray tower, a slurry bed and a heating reaction kettle.
In the method, in the step 2), the temperature for heating and decomposing is 50-100 ℃, preferably 60-95 ℃;
the method also comprises the step of adding a dispersant and a modifier into the system after the reaction in the step 2) to modify the calcium carbonate;
the particle size of the modified calcium carbonate product is 100-1000 nm.
In the above method, in the step 2), the solid-liquid separation mode is sedimentation separation, filtration and/or centrifugation;
in the step 3), the calcium carbonate is separated by adopting a settling separation, filtration and/or centrifugation mode.
In the method, undissolved solid slag after solid-liquid separation in the step 2) is recycled to the first reactor to improve the extraction utilization rate of calcium, and the recycle ratio (recycled mass: discharged mass) is 2-6: 1, preferably 3-5: 1.
In the above method, the unreacted CO in the step 1) is introduced2The gas portion is recycled to the first reactor to increase CO2The mineralization utilization rate of (2) is 1: 1-7, preferably 1: 2-6, of the circulation ratio (circulation volume: discharge volume).
Compared with the prior art, the carbide slag mineralized and fixed CO provided by the invention2The method for preparing the fine calcium carbonate has the following advantages:
1) the use of leaching agents such as acid and alkali, ammonium chloride and the like is avoided, the material consumption is reduced, and impurities possibly introduced are avoided;
2) the use and the overflow of ammonia gas are avoided, and the requirements on the sealing property, the material and the like of equipment are low;
3) the process flow is short, the amplification is easy, and the large-scale industrial application is favorably realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the mineralization of carbide slag to fix CO according to the present invention2And a first flow chart of the method for preparing the fine calcium carbonate.
FIG. 2 shows the fixed CO mineralized by carbide slag according to the present invention2And a second flow chart of the method for preparing the fine calcium carbonate.
FIG. 3 shows the fixed CO mineralized by carbide slag according to the present invention2And a third flow chart of the method for preparing the fine calcium carbonate.
Detailed Description
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The chemical reactions involved in the process of the invention are as follows:
1) leaching process
The calcium hydroxide in the carbide slag slurry and the excess carbon dioxide-containing gas in the first reactor are reacted as follows:
Ca(OH)2+2CO2=Ca(HCO3)2
other components (such as Si, Al, Fe and the like) in the carbide slag do not participate in the reaction to generate soluble calcium bicarbonate, the unreacted carbide slag residue is separated from a calcium bicarbonate solution, the residue is partially recycled to the first reactor to improve the extraction utilization rate of calcium ions, and the unreacted carbon dioxide is partially recycled to the first reactor to improve CO2Mineralization absorption rate.
2) Decomposition process
Heating and decomposing the calcium bicarbonate solution obtained from the first reactor to obtain calcium carbonate precipitate and CO2Gas, the reaction equation is as follows:
Ca(HCO3)2=CaCO3+CO2+H2O
separating the calcium carbonate precipitate from the solution and drying to obtain fine calcium carbonate product, and generating CO2Recycling gas and steam to the first reactor for recycling, and increasing CO content2CO in gas2The concentration of (A) is favorable for forming calcium bicarbonate and improving the leaching reaction rate.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
in the flow shown in FIG. 1, in the mixer 3, the carbide slag 301, the clear liquid 201 and the additional water 302 are mixed uniformly to prepare slurry 303, and the slurry 303 is added into the reactor I1 and is mixed with excessive CO-containing substances2Gas 101 reacts to generate calcium bicarbonate dissolved in water, unreacted carbide slag and calcium bicarbonate water solution 103 are separated by a solid-liquid separation device 4 to obtain residue 401 and calcium bicarbonate solution 402, carbonThe calcium hydrogen acid solution 402 enters a second reactor 2 and is heated and decomposed to generate calcium carbonate precipitate 203 and CO2Gas 202, CO2Recycling the gas 202 to the first reactor increases the CO in the gas 1012Is advantageous for forming calcium bicarbonate and increasing the leaching rate, and the clear solution 201 obtained after separation of the calcium carbonate precipitate is recycled to the mixer 3 for preparing the slurry 303.
The flow shown in fig. 2 differs from the flow shown in fig. 1 in that: and recycling the residue 403 obtained by solid-liquid separation to the first reactor for continuous reaction so as to improve the extraction utilization rate of calcium ions.
The flow shown in fig. 3 differs from the flow shown in fig. 2 in that: the unreacted CO in the first reactor is mixed2Part of the gas 104 is returned to the 1 st reactor to continue the reaction to increase CO2Mineralization absorption rate.
Examples 1,
The carbide slag raw material A is selected as an experimental raw material, the main composition of which is shown in Table 1,
TABLE 1 composition of main elements of carbide slag raw material A
Figure BDA0002831104950000041
Drying the carbide slag raw material A, removing volatile components such as sulfide and organic matters in the carbide slag raw material A, grinding the carbide slag raw material A to 100 meshes, adding 7.8L of water into 500g of ground carbide slag to prepare homogenate, adding the homogenate into an airlift reactor (the diameter of the reactor is 11cm, the height of the reactor is 95cm), introducing simulated waste gas of a thermal power plant, wherein the volume content of carbon dioxide is 12%, the air speed of an empty tower is 1cm/s, stopping introducing when the pH value of a reaction liquid is reduced to 5, carrying out sedimentation separation, pumping clear liquid into an evaporation crystallizer, controlling the temperature at 70 ℃, the pressure at 0.03MPa, and decomposing to generate CO2And water vapor is condensed and then is introduced into the airlift reactor again, the obtained calcium carbonate is dried at 105 ℃ to obtain a calcium carbonate product, and the calcium carbonate is vaterite type through analysis, the particle size is 1 micron, the whiteness is 97.6, and the purity is 98.5%. The total amount of the obtained calcium carbonate is 500g, and the extraction rate of calcium ions in the carbide slag is 89.2%.
Examples 2,
The carbide slag raw material B is selected as an experimental raw material, the main composition of which is shown in Table 2,
TABLE 2 carbide slag raw material B main element composition
Figure BDA0002831104950000051
Drying the carbide slag raw material B, removing volatile components such as sulfide and organic matters in the carbide slag raw material B, grinding the carbide slag raw material B to 200 meshes, mixing the carbide slag (301) with clear liquid (201) and supplemented water (302) in a stirring mixer 3 at the rate of 0.5kg/h, wherein the adding rates of the clear liquid (201) and the supplemented water (302) are respectively 4.89kg/h and 0.11kg/h, and introducing the prepared slurry (303) into a spray tower (a reactor I) (the slurry is sprayed from the top and contains CO2Gas is introduced from the bottom of the tower), the spraying rate is 5.5kg/h, fresh simulated coal chemical waste gas is introduced for 0.08L/h, the content of carbon dioxide is 80 percent, and unreacted CO is introduced2Part of the gas (104) returns to the spray tower with a circulation ratio of 1:4, the slurry (103) is discharged into a settling tank 4, the pH of the slurry (103) is controlled to be 5.5, the discharge rate is 5.97kg/h, the rate of discharging unreacted solid slag (401) from the bottom is 0.18kg/h, the water content is controlled to be 5 percent, part of the residue (403) returns to the spray tower with a circulation ratio of 3:1, the calcium bicarbonate solution (402) is discharged into a heating reaction kettle (2 nd reactor) with a discharge rate of 5.78kg/h, the temperature of the heating kettle solution is controlled to be 80 ℃, and CO generated by decomposition of the heating reaction kettle is controlled to be kept2After the gas (202) and the water vapor are discharged, the condensed water vapor is merged into clear liquid (201), CO2The discharge rate is 0.26kg/h, the supernatant (201) is pumped into the mixer 3 at the rate of 4.89kg/h after being pressurized and circulated to the spray tower, the discharge rate of the generated calcium carbonate precipitate is 0.63kg/h, and the water content is 5 percent. The calcium carbonate is aragonite type, the particle size is 50nm, the whiteness is 97.9, and the purity is 98.6%. The extraction rate of calcium ions in the carbide slag is 90%, the decomposition rate of calcium bicarbonate is 95%, and the mineralization absorption rate of carbon dioxide is 82%.
While embodiments in accordance with the invention have been described above, these embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Claims (9)

1. Carbide slag mineralized and fixed CO2The method for preparing the fine calcium carbonate comprises the following circulating steps:
1) by using a gas containing CO2The gas and the slurry of the carbide slag are reacted in a first reactor to generate Ca (HCO)3)2
2) The Ca (HCO) is obtained by solid-liquid separation of the system after the reaction in the step 1)3)2Conveying the aqueous solution to a second reactor, heating and decomposing to obtain calcium carbonate precipitate and CO2Gas and water vapor;
3) CO obtained by the reaction in the step 2)2Returning the gas to the first reactor for reaction, separating the calcium carbonate in the system after the reaction in the step 2), and returning the obtained clear liquid to the first reactor to complete a cycle.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), before the reaction, grinding the carbide slag to 100-500 meshes, and then mixing the carbide slag with water to prepare slurry;
the mass fraction of the carbide slag in the slurry is 1-8% by mass of calcium oxide.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in step 1), the CO is contained2The gas of (a) includes, but is not limited to, thermal power plant exhaust gas, coal chemical industry exhaust gas, and cement plant exhaust gas;
said CO-containing2CO in the gas of (2)2The volume content of (A) is 5-100%.
4. According to claims 1 to 3The method of any of the above, characterized by: in step 1), the CO is contained2The molar ratio of the gas to the carbide slag is 2-6: 1, wherein the carbide slag is calculated by calcium oxide;
controlling the pH value of the solution to be 4-8.4.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the first reactor comprises but is not limited to a spray tower, a bubble stirring kettle, a bubble tubular reactor and a gas lift reactor;
the second reactor includes but is not limited to an evaporative crystallizer, a spray tower, a slurry bed and a heating reaction kettle.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: in the step 2), the temperature of the heating decomposition is 50-100 ℃;
the method also comprises the step of adding a dispersant and a modifier into the system after the reaction in the step 2) to modify the calcium carbonate;
the particle size of the modified calcium carbonate product is 100-1000 nm.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein: in the step 2), the solid-liquid separation mode is sedimentation separation, filtration and/or centrifugation;
in the step 3), the calcium carbonate is separated by adopting a settling separation, filtration and/or centrifugation mode.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein: recycling the undissolved solid residue part obtained after solid-liquid separation in the step 2) to the first reactor, wherein the circulation ratio is 2-6: 1;
the circulation ratio refers to the ratio of the mass circulated to the mass discharged.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein: unreacted in step 1)CO2The gas part is circulated into the first reactor, and the circulation ratio is 1: 1-7;
the circulation ratio refers to the ratio of the volume circulated to the volume discharged.
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CN113277544B (en) * 2021-06-11 2023-03-14 浙江亚厦装饰股份有限公司 Method for preparing color master batch by using dicyandiamide waste residues
CN113955954A (en) * 2021-08-31 2022-01-21 江西盖亚环保科技有限公司 Carbon dioxide high-pressure leaching decalcification process for fly ash
CN113735500A (en) * 2021-10-12 2021-12-03 山东科技大学 Porous spherical particles, preparation method and application thereof in mine goaf
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CN114314588B (en) * 2021-12-17 2023-09-12 安徽华塑股份有限公司 CO in waste gas of lime kiln for producing lime 2 Sealing and recycling method
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CN114560486B (en) * 2022-03-03 2024-02-27 兰州理工大学 CO with leaching aid capable of being recycled 2 Indirect mineralization method
CN114620727A (en) * 2022-04-06 2022-06-14 杨雪兵 Method for absorbing carbon dioxide in tail gas of cement plant and power plant by using carbide slag
CN115487659A (en) * 2022-10-27 2022-12-20 原初科技(北京)有限公司 CO fixation with calcium silicate-containing substances 2 And method for preparing calcium carbonate
CN116812957A (en) * 2023-04-25 2023-09-29 原初科技(北京)有限公司 Fixing CO by solar heating 2 And integrated system and method for preparing calcium carbonate

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