CN112572559A - Carrier vehicle - Google Patents

Carrier vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112572559A
CN112572559A CN201910930222.6A CN201910930222A CN112572559A CN 112572559 A CN112572559 A CN 112572559A CN 201910930222 A CN201910930222 A CN 201910930222A CN 112572559 A CN112572559 A CN 112572559A
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China
Prior art keywords
fixedly connected
tension spring
vertical beam
sliding block
tension
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CN201910930222.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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不公告发明人
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Hangzhou Sanhua Research Institute Co Ltd
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Hangzhou Sanhua Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910930222.6A priority Critical patent/CN112572559A/en
Publication of CN112572559A publication Critical patent/CN112572559A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B3/00—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor
    • B62B3/02—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor involving parts being adjustable, collapsible, attachable, detachable or convertible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B3/00—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor
    • B62B3/04—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B2203/00—Grasping, holding, supporting the objects
    • B62B2203/70—Comprising means for facilitating loading or unloading

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)

Abstract

A carrier comprises a base, a supporting frame, a bearing part and a tension spring, wherein wheels are arranged at the lower end of the base, the supporting frame is fixedly connected with the base, the bearing part is used for bearing goods, the tension spring is vertically arranged, the upper end of the tension spring is fixed, and the lower end of the tension spring is connected with the bearing part; the bearing part can reciprocate along vertical direction, and tension spring's elastic deformation and the weight cooperation of bearing part and goods can make the loading and unloading face of goods be located predetermined height range, make things convenient for workman's operation, improve production efficiency, reduce intensity of labour.

Description

Carrier vehicle
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to a carrier.
[ background of the invention ]
In factory production, a common carrier is adopted to load and transport the article box with the parts, and the article box at the bottom layer needs to be stood for many times when being transported, so that inconvenience is brought to the operation of workers, the labor intensity of the workers is increased, and the production efficiency is reduced.
[ summary of the invention ]
The purpose of this technical scheme is to provide a carrier, makes things convenient for workman's operation, is favorable to reducing workman intensity of labour, improves production efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the carrier comprises a base, a supporting frame and a bearing part, wherein wheels are arranged at the lower end of the base, the supporting frame is fixedly connected with the base, the bearing part is used for bearing goods, the carrier further comprises at least one tension spring, the upper end of the tension spring is limited, and the lower end of the tension spring is limited with the bearing part; the bearing part can move up and down along the support frame under the action of the tension spring, and the elastic deformation of the tension spring is matched with the bearing part and the weight of the goods, so that the loading and unloading surface of the goods is located in a preset height range.
This technical scheme provides a carrier, including base, support frame, supporting part, tension spring, the tension spring lower extreme is connected with the supporting part, when stacking the goods on the supporting part, the tension spring is stretched under the action of gravity of goods, through selecting suitable tension spring, tension spring's elastic deformation with the weight cooperation of supporting part and goods can make the box that needs loading and unloading be in predetermineeing the height range all the time, makes things convenient for workman's loading and unloading operation, improves production efficiency, reduces intensity of labour.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a simplified schematic diagram of a further angle structure of the first embodiment of the present invention, (a) the box is not placed; (b) placing 1 box body; (c) placing 2 boxes; (d) 3 boxes are placed;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
referring to fig. 1-3, one embodiment of a cart according to the present invention is shown. The carrier is mainly used for conveying or transferring stacked goods, the goods in the embodiment are specifically two or more than two box bodies with parts, the deviation of the total weight (the sum of the self weight of each box body and the weight of the parts) of each box body is within 20%, and the deviation of the height of each box body is within 20%, and the invention is within the protection scope of the invention. In this embodiment, the transportation vehicle includes a base 100, a support frame, a carrying portion and a tension spring 400, and the number of the tension springs 400 is one in this embodiment, which is suitable for the situation that the total weight of the carrying box is small. The lower end of the base 100 is provided with wheels 110 to facilitate the movement of the truck, and in order to ensure the balance of the truck, the base in this embodiment includes four corners, each corner is provided with one wheel 110; the support frame is arranged along the vertical direction and is fixedly connected with the base 100; the bearing part is used for stacking the box bodies; the tension spring 400 is vertically arranged, the carrier further comprises a first cross beam 230, the first cross beam 230 is fixedly connected with the support frame, the upper end of the tension spring 400 is fixedly connected with the first cross beam 230, and the lower end of the tension spring 400 is fixedly connected with the bearing part; the elastic deformation of the tension spring is matched with the weight of the bearing part and the weight of the goods, so that the loading and unloading surface of the goods can be located within a preset height range. The matching means that the tension spring is elastically deformed by the weight of the bearing part and the goods, the tension spring moves downwards or ascends along the support frame, the moving amount of the tension spring moving downwards or ascends is related to the weight of the bearing part and the goods, the larger the weight of the goods borne by the bearing part is, the larger the stretching amount of the tension spring is, the smaller the weight of the goods borne by the bearing part is, the smaller the stretching amount of the tension spring is, and the loading and unloading face of the goods is located in the preset height range.
The specific structure of the base 100 is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and includes a rectangular frame formed by fixedly connecting 4 steel bars, and the fixed connection may be performed by welding, screwing, riveting, and the like, and it is understood that the shape of the base 100 is not limited to the rectangular frame shown in fig. 1, and may also be other shapes. The wheels 110 are respectively arranged at 4 corners of the lower end of the base, wherein two rear wheels are universal wheels with a braking function, two front wheels are common universal wheels, and the difference of the 4 wheels is not distinguished in the drawing as the front wheels and the rear wheels are relative to the advancing direction of the carrier.
The support frame comprises a first vertical beam 210, a second vertical beam 220, a first slide rail 260, a second slide rail 270, and the carrier further comprises a second cross beam 240 and a third cross beam 250. The first vertical beam 210 and the second vertical beam 220 vertically extend, the first slide rail 260 is fixedly connected to the first vertical beam 210, and the second slide rail 270 is fixedly connected to the second vertical beam 220, although the first slide rail 260 may be integrally formed with the first vertical beam 210, and the second slide rail 270 may be integrally formed with the second vertical beam 220. The first cross beam 230 is located on the upper end surface of the first vertical beam 210 and the upper end surface of the second vertical beam 220, one end of the first cross beam 230 is connected with the upper end surface of the first vertical beam 210, and the other end of the first cross beam 230 is connected with the upper end surface of the second vertical beam 220. The second cross beam 240 is located in the middle of the first vertical beam 210 and the middle of the second vertical beam 220, one end face of the second cross beam 240 is abutted against and fixedly connected with the inner side of the first vertical beam 210, the other end face of the second cross beam 240 is abutted against and fixedly connected with the inner side of the second vertical beam 220, the third cross beam 250 is arranged close to the lower portion of the first vertical beam 210 and the lower portion of the second vertical beam 220, one end face of the third cross beam 250 is abutted against the inner side of the first vertical beam 210, and the other end face of the third cross beam 250 is abutted against the inner side of the second vertical beam 220. The lower end face of the first vertical beam 210 is abutted with and fixedly connected with the upper end face of the base, and the lower end face of the second vertical beam 220 is abutted with and fixedly connected with the upper end face of the base; adopt three crossbeam like this to fix two perpendicular roof beams, be favorable to improving the stability of support frame, handrail when first crossbeam 230 can also be regarded as the fortune goods simultaneously. The above fixed connection comprises riveting, welding or screw connection and the like, and the mode of the above abutting connection and the fixed connection is adopted, so that the interference caused by the unevenness of the joint during cargo loading and unloading is reduced.
The distance from the connection point of the first vertical beam 210 and the second vertical beam 220 with the base 100 to the rear end 130 of the base is less than the distance from the connection point to the front end 120 of the base, which is beneficial to the balance of the truck, and the first slide rail 260 and the second slide rail 270 are respectively located on one side of the first vertical beam 210 and the second vertical beam 220 facing the front end 120 of the base 100. The carrier further includes a third slide rail 280, the third slide rail 280 is vertically disposed, the third slide rail 280 is located between the first slide rail 260 and the second slide rail 270, one end of the third slide rail 280 is fixedly connected to the second beam 240, and the other end of the third slide rail 280 is fixedly connected to the third beam 250. In order to reinforce the connection between the base 100 and the supporting frame 200 and increase the stability of the truck, a first oblique beam 290 is further connected between the second cross beam 240 and the base 100, one end of the first oblique beam 290 is fixedly connected with the middle of the second cross beam 240, the other end of the first oblique beam 290 is fixedly connected with the middle of the rear end portion 130 of the base, and certainly, an oblique beam can be arranged between the first vertical beam and/or the second vertical beam and the base for reinforcement. The connection between the support frame and the cross beam and the oblique beam can be realized by welding, riveting, screwing and the like, and similarly, the connection between the support frame and the base 100 can also be realized by welding, riveting, screwing and the like.
The upper end of the first slide rail 260 is provided with an upper limit part 261, the lower end of the first slide rail 260 is provided with a lower limit part 262, the upper end of the second slide rail 270 is provided with an upper limit part 271, the lower end of the second slide rail 270 is provided with a lower limit part 272, the upper limit part 261 and the limit surface of the upper limit part 271 are at the same horizontal position, the lower limit part 262 and the limit surface of the lower limit part 272 are at the same horizontal position, the sliding stroke of the bearing part is limited through the upper limit part and the lower limit part, the bearing part does not slide away from the slide rails, and the transport vehicle is protected. The upper and lower stoppers are not limited in shape and may be the simplest stopper or another shape. The third slide rail 280 may or may not have upper and lower limiting portions.
The carrier includes a carrier body 300, a first slider 310, and a second slider 320. The carrying part main body 300 contacts with the bottom surface of the box body and is used for carrying the box body, and the whole body is horizontally arranged. The size of the carrier body 300 is determined according to the size of the case, and is fixedly connected by welding, riveting, or the like using a lightweight steel material. In this example, the weight of each case was set to be 15kg, converted to a weight of 147N, and the length, width and height were set to be 60cm, 40cm and 15cm, respectively. The main body 300 of the carrying part is a rectangular frame structure of 45cm by 45cm in this embodiment, a crosspiece 350 is fixedly connected to the middle of the rectangular frame structure, one end surface of the crosspiece 350 abuts against the inner side of the rectangular frame structure, the other end surface of the crosspiece 350 abuts against the other inner side of the rectangular frame structure, and the crosspiece 350 also belongs to a part of the main body 300 of the carrying part. Both ends of one side of the main body 300 of the load-bearing part fixedly connected to the tension spring 400 are respectively fixedly connected to the first slider 310 and the second slider 320, but the first slider 310 and the second slider 320 may also be integrally formed with the main body 300 of the load-bearing part, and the first slider 310 is in sliding contact with the first slide rail 260 and the second slider 320 is in sliding contact with the second slide rail 270.
The carrier further comprises a third vertical beam 341, a second oblique beam 342, and a third slider 280, wherein one end surface of the second oblique beam 342 abuts against and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the crosspiece 350 of the bearing part main body 300, the other end surface abuts against and is fixedly connected with the third vertical beam 341, the upper end of the third vertical beam 341 abuts against and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the bearing part main body 300, the third vertical beam 341 is fixedly connected with the third slider 330 on the side away from the second oblique beam 342, the third slider 330 is in sliding contact with the third slide rail 280, the height of the connection point of the third slider and the third vertical beam is substantially consistent with the height of the connection point of the second oblique beam and the third vertical beam, and the fixed position of the third slider on the third vertical beam is too high or too low, which is not favorable for the sliding of the bearing part. The third vertical beam 341 and the second oblique beam 342 cooperate to support and guide, so that the main body 300 of the carrying part can slide up and down in a substantially horizontal manner under the condition of carrying the box body. The fixed connection is realized by welding, riveting, threaded connection and the like.
One end of the tension spring 400 is fixedly connected to the first cross member 230, and the other end is fixedly connected to the carrier body 300. When 2 or more than 2 boxes are placed on the bearing part main body 300, the tension spring 400 connected with the bearing part main body 300 is stretched to generate elastic deformation under the action of the vertical downward gravity of the boxes and the bearing part, and the bearing part main body 300 automatically slides downward until the stress is balanced. The amount of tensile deformation of the tension spring is generally larger than that of compression spring, and is more suitable for stacking 2 or more than 2 boxes with parts, so that the tension spring is adopted in the embodiment instead of the compression spring.
In order to achieve the purpose that the loading and unloading surface is always within the preset height range, certain design requirements are provided for the tension spring. The loading and unloading surface is an operation surface when the box body is loaded or unloaded, the loading and unloading surface when the box body is loaded is called a loading surface for short, and the loading and unloading surface when the box body is unloaded is called an unloading surface for short. First, the initial tension F of the tension spring 4000Should not be too large, should be less than 2 boxes of weight. Initial tensile force F0The initial tension is generated after the spring is rolled and formed, and the initial tension of each tension spring is different due to the difference of steel wire material, wire diameter, spring index, static electricity, lubricating grease, heat treatment, electroplating and the like during manufacturing of the tension spring. If the initial tension F of the tension spring 4000Too large, the situation that a plurality of boxes are placed on the bearing part main body 300 and the tension spring cannot be deformed can be caused, and the present invention cannot be realizedThe loading and unloading surface is always in the preset height range. Initial tension F of tension spring 4000The weight of the case is less than 2, when the 2 nd case is placed, at least the tension spring 400 is stretched, and the carrier main body 300 slides downward along the slide rail.
Initial tension F of tension spring capable of providing larger tension0Also greater, comprehensive considerations suggest that the initial tension F be0Satisfies the following relationship with the weight mg of a single case, F01.01 to 1.2 mg. Initial tensile force F0Slightly greater than the weight mg of a single box, initial tension F0When in design, the weight of the bearing part is considered, a certain tension allowance is reserved, but the weight of the box body is far larger than the weight of the bearing part, so the weight of the bearing part can be basically ignored. Under the condition, when the 1 st box body is placed, the tension spring does not generate elastic deformation; when placing 2 nd box, tension spring produces elastic deformation. Of course, under the condition that the box body is light and the pulling force provided by the pulling spring is small, the initial pulling force F of the pulling spring0Or less than the weight mg of a single case, when the 1 st case is placed, the tension spring 400 is stretched, and the carrier body 300 slides downward along the slide rail.
Secondly, within the elastic limit, under the condition that the sum of the dead weight of the bearing part and the weight of goods on the bearing part (the weight of goods after increasing or decreasing the boxes) is always larger than or equal to the initial tension of the tension spring, every 1 box is increased/decreased, the increased value/decreased value of the deformation quantity generated by the tension spring 400 is ideally equal to the height h of a single box, an error within +/-10% is allowed, namely the increased value/decreased value of the deformation quantity is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times of the height of the 1 box, within the error range, the influence of the change of the height of the loading and unloading surface on an operator can be ignored, and if the increased value/decreased value of the deformation quantity generated by the tension spring 400 is equal to the height h of the single box, certain requirements are made on the elastic coefficient of the tension spring 400. Here, the term "elastic limit" is used to refer to a limit value at which the deformation of the object is completely eliminated and the object returns to its original shape when the external force applied to the object does not exceed a certain limit value and the internal force generated to resist the external force stops, and is referred to as "elastic limit".
According to hooke's law, when a spring is elastically deformed, the elastic force variation Δ F of the spring is proportional to the deformation variation (the elongation or compression variation) Δ x of the spring, that is:
ΔF＝k·Δx (1)
in the formula (1), k is the spring constant of the spring, and the unit N/m, Δ x is an increased/decreased value of the amount of deformation of the tension spring in the present invention, and the unit m.
For the force analysis of the main body 300 of the load-bearing part, in the vertical direction, the main body 300 of the load-bearing part mainly receives the vertical upward pulling force of the tension spring 400, the main body 300 of the load-bearing part has its own gravity and the vertical downward gravity of the box body placed on the main body 300 of the load-bearing part, there is a friction force between the first slide block 310 and the first slide rail 260, the second slide block 320 and the second slide rail 270, the third slide block 330 and the third slide rail 280, the sliding contact section of the load-bearing part and the slide rails is made as smooth as possible, the influence of the friction force is ignored, and when 1 box body is increased/decreased, the tension variation Δ F of the tension spring is numerically equal to the weight of the increased box body, that is, Δ F is mg, and in the formula (1:
Figure BDA0002220017530000071
m is the mass of a single box body, the unit kg and g are the gravity acceleration, and 9.8m/s is taken2Δ x is an increase/decrease in the amount of deformation of the tension spring, and the unit m, Δ x is numerically equal to the height h of a single case, allowing an error within ± 10%, Δ x being 0.9h to 1.1 h.
And finally obtaining:
Figure BDA0002220017530000072
therefore, the selection range of the elastic coefficient of the tension spring 400 can be calculated by using the formula (3) according to the mass m and the height h of the case.
Third, the maximum tension F of the tension spring 400maxThe weight of all the boxes and the self-weight of the bearing part (the weight of the bearing part is ignored) borne by the bearing part 300 is larger than the weight of the whole carrier, otherwise, the boxes are too heavy, the tension of the tension spring 400 is too small, and the tension spring is easy to deform irrecoverably, so that the automatic lifting function of the whole carrier fails.
According to the design requirements of the tension spring, the initial tension F of the tension spring 400 is calculated by combining the mass (15kg) and the height (15cm) of the single box body in the embodiment0Between 1.01 and 1.2mg, i.e. F0Between 148.5 and 176.4N. The elastic coefficient k calculated according to the formula (3) is 890.9-1088.9N/m, and the optimal value of the corresponding elastic coefficient k is 980N/m when Deltax is 0.15 m. The carrier of this embodiment can once only load 5 boxes, satisfies the workman on the station just in time and produces required raw materials one day, saves the time that the distribution personnel or workman batching walked on, carried, then the biggest pulling force F of tension spring 400maxAt least 735N.
After selecting a suitable tension spring, the schematic diagrams of the structures of the carrier of this embodiment without loading boxes, with loading 1 box (the first box 510), 2 boxes (the first box 510, the second box 520), and 3 boxes (the first box 510, the second box 520, and the third box 530) are shown in fig. 2(a) - (d), and each box is filled with parts 600. When no case is placed on the main body of the carrier, as shown in fig. 2(a), the upper end surface of the main body 300 of the carrier, i.e., the loading surface m1 on which the first case 510 is placed, is at a height H1 from the bottom of the wheel; after the first casing 510 is placed, as shown in FIG. 2(b), due to the initial tension F0The weight mg of the first box is larger than that of a single box, the tension spring 400 does not deform, the position of the bearing part main body 300 is unchanged, the upper end surface of the first box 510 is a loading surface m2 on which the second box 520 is placed, the height is H2, the height difference between the loading surface m2 and the loading surface m1 is 1 box height H, namely the difference between H2 and H1 is 1 box height H, and the influence of the error of 1 box height H can be ignored for the operator; on the basis of fig. 2(b) a second housing 520 is placed, see fig. 2(c), the tension spring is stretched and the carrier slides down under the weight of the housing, the height of the sliding down being considered to be substantially equal to 1 housingHeight H (tolerance of ± 10%), namely a loading surface m3 on which the third box 520 is placed, at the upper end surface of the second box 520, the height H3, and the height H3 of the loading surface m3 is substantially equal to the height H2 of the loading surface m 2; on the basis of fig. 2(c), a third box 530 is placed, referring to fig. 2(d), the tension spring is continuously stretched, the main body of the load-bearing part continuously slides down by 1 box height H (tolerance of ± 10%) under the action of the gravity of the box, the upper end surface of the third box 530 is a loading surface m4 on which a fourth box is placed, the height is H4, H4 is substantially equal to H3, and the placement of the fourth box and the fifth box is the same. In general, the height H1 of the loading surface for placing the first box 510, the height H2 of the loading surface for placing the second box 520, the height H3 of the loading surface for placing the third box 530, the height H4 of the loading surface for placing the fourth box, and the height of the loading surface for placing the fifth box are always within the preset height range (assuming that the ideal height of the loading surface is the initial height H1, and fluctuation of ± 200% H is allowed in the present embodiment), and the fluctuation of the height is always not more than ± 200% H, i.e., between ± 30cm, and the influence of the height change on a worker can be ignored.
On the contrary, when unloading the tank, as viewed in the sequence of fig. 2(d) → (c) → (b) → (a), the lower end surface of the third tank 530 in fig. 2(d) is an unloading surface m3 'and a height H' 3 for unloading the third tank 530, the lower end surface of the second tank 520 in fig. 2(c) is an unloading surface m2 'and a height H' 2 for unloading the second tank 520, and the lower end surface of the first tank 510 in fig. 2(b) is an unloading surface m1 'and a height H' 1 for unloading the first tank 510. Similarly to loading, H ' 3, H ' 2, H ' 1 can also be considered to be always within the preset height range, with the height variation fluctuation always not exceeding 200% H, the effect of which on the workers is negligible. The height of the loading and unloading surface is kept within the preset height range, so that the bending amplitude and times of workers during loading or unloading the box body can be reduced, the labor intensity of the workers is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
When a carrier provided with 5 boxes of full parts is conveyed to a station, a worker of the assembly line picks up the parts 600 in the uppermost box for processing, the empty box is taken away after the parts in the box are processed, the tension spring adjusts the deformation amount according to the change of the gravity on the bearing part main body, the bearing part main body moves along with the tension spring, the height of the new uppermost box is basically kept in a preset range, the uppermost box cannot be lower and lower along with the decrease of the number of the boxes, otherwise, the worker needs to continuously adjust the taking posture, and the labor intensity is increased. The parts in the box body at the top of the scheme are always in a height range comfortable for a worker to operate, and the parts can be picked up by the worker conveniently. In addition, the space between the base 100 and the carrier main body 300 can be used for placing an empty box, thereby saving the field.
Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment in that a combination of a spring balancer 700 and a tension spring 400 is used. The same reference numerals are used in fig. 4 for the same parts as those of the first embodiment. The first embodiment has an initial tension F in practical application0Unable regulation, the produced deformation volume of tension spring 400 can't reach the ideal requirement when probably leading to the second box to place, consequently add spring balancer 700, spring balancer 700 includes the shell, the inside wind spring that is equipped with of shell, the free end of wind spring is connected with wire rope, the wire rope lower extreme is connected with lifting hook 710, the upper portion of shell also has a lifting hook (not shown on the picture), spring balancer 700 is the same with tension spring 400, vertical setting, the shell passes through the lifting hook on upper portion or through modes such as welding and fixedly connected with the first crossbeam 230 of support frame, lifting hook 710 and the bearing part main part 300 of wire rope lower extreme are connected, the rope end links to each other with the bearing part main part promptly.
The spring balancer 700 is internally provided with a coil spring, the tension of the spring balancer on the bearing part can be adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the coil spring, for example, a spring balancer with the load of 3-5 kg, and the spring balancer can provide the balance tension F for pulling objects within the range of 3-5 kg by adjusting the adjusting worm on the spring balancer2. Under the condition that the weight and the size of the box body are not changed, a spring balancer with the load of 3-5 kg is selected. Setting balance tension F2Equivalent to a weight of 4kg of body, i.e. 39.2N, a recommended equilibrium tension F2Initial tension F of tension spring 4000The sum of which is slightly greater than the weight mg, F of a single box2+F0Calculating the initial tension F of the tension spring 400 as 1.01-1.2 mg0Between 109.3 and 137.2N. The tension provided by the spring balancer is limited, when the 2 nd to 5 th box bodies are placed, the tension of the tension spring 400 is mainly relied on, so the elastic coefficient k of the tension spring 400 is between 890.9 and 1088.9N/m as in the previous embodiment, and the optimal value of the corresponding k is 980N/m when the delta x is 0.15 m. Maximum tension F of tension spring 400 for the same case of 5 boxesmaxWith a balancing tension F2And the sum is at least more than 5 case weights, therefore FmaxAt least greater than (735-39.2) ═ 695.8N.
After selecting the proper tension spring 400, when the 1 st box is loaded on the carrying part main body 300 of the truck of this embodiment, the initial tension F of the tension spring 400 is used0Balancing the pulling force F with the spring balancer 7002The sum of the initial tension F and the initial tension F of the tension spring 400 is slightly larger than the weight of the 1 st case, so that the main body 300 of the load bearing part is kept still, and when the 2 nd case is placed0Balancing the pulling force F with the spring balancer 7002The sum is less than the weight of the two boxes, so the tension spring 400 deforms, but a certain tension margin is reserved, so the deformation amount of the tension spring 400, namely the descending height of the bearing part main body 300 is hardly equal to 1 box height h, and at this time, the adjustment can be realized through the spring balancer 700, although the balance tension F is assumed to be balanced firstly2Equal to the weight of a 4kg object, but the spring balancer can still finely adjust the pulling force within a small range (the lowest one can provide the pulling force for pulling a 3kg object, and the highest one can provide the pulling force for pulling a 5kg object). If the descending height of the main body 300 of the load-bearing part is less than the height h of the box body, the tension of the spring balancer 700 can be reduced to move the main body 300 of the load-bearing part downwards, otherwise, if the descending height of the main body 300 of the load-bearing part is greater than the height h of the box body, the tension of the spring balancer 700 can be increased to move the main body 300 of the load-bearing part upwards, so that the deformation of the tension spring 400 is substantially equal to the height h of the box body. When the 3 rd box body, the 4 th box body and the 5 th box body are placed, the steel wire rope of the spring balancer 700 extends along with the descending of the position of the bearing part, because the pulling force provided by the spring balancer 700 is limited, when an object exceeds the load, the pulling force provided by the spring balancer is limited to be balanced, at the moment, the load is basically supported by the pulling force of the pulling spring 400, and as in the previous embodiment, the load is supported by adding 1 box body every timeThe part automatically descends by 1 box height (tolerance of +/-10%), otherwise, the wire rope of the spring balancer 700 shortens along with the ascending of the bearing part, and the loading and unloading surface can be kept in the preset range.
Further, the height of the loading/unloading surface after the 1 st housing is placed may be adjusted by the spring balancer 700, and the height of the carrier of only the tension spring 400 cannot be adjusted once the initial positions of the tension spring 400 and the carrier body are determined. The height and the posture of each operator are different, the most suitable height is different from person to person, the height can be finely adjusted through the spring balancer, after the 1 st box body is placed, if the operator feels that the loading and unloading surface is too high, the tension of the spring balancer 700 can be reduced, otherwise, the tension of the spring balancer 700 is increased, and the height can be adjusted within a small range to a certain degree.
In addition, there is also a mode of adjustable bearing part main part height, changes the support frame into telescopic support frame, if change into telescopic support frame, except that first perpendicular roof beam, second perpendicular roof beam are scalable, other parts also need to do corresponding adjustment like structures such as first sloping, and the structure is more complicated.
Fig. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the first and second embodiments in that two tension springs 400 are used in this embodiment, and this embodiment is suitable for a case where the case has a heavy weight and only one tension spring cannot provide sufficient tension. In fig. 5, the same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those of the first and second embodiments.
At this time, the two tension springs share the weight of the load-bearing part and the box body, and the initial tension F of the tension spring according to the first embodiment0The sum of the initial tension of the two tension springs 400 in this embodiment and the maximum tension F of the tension spring in the first embodimentmaxWhich is the sum of the maximum tension of the two tension springs in this embodiment. The stress of each tension spring is equally divided, so the elastic coefficient k' of each tension spring in the embodiment is:
Figure BDA0002220017530000111
where n is the number of tension springs, and n is 2 in this embodiment. The initial tension and the maximum tension of the two tension springs 400 can be different, but the elastic coefficients k' need to be the same, otherwise the deformation amount is different, which leads to the inclination of the bearing part. Of course, the number of the tension springs in the technical scheme can also be 3, 4 and the like, and the formula (4) is also applicable.
Fig. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which the truck includes a base 100 ', a support frame, a carrying portion, a first tension spring 410 ', and a second tension spring 420 '. The lower end of the base 100 'is provided with 4 wheels 110'. The support frame comprises a first vertical beam 210 ', a second vertical beam 220 ', a fourth vertical beam 230 ', a fifth vertical beam 240 ', a first vertical beam 210 ', a second vertical beam 220 ', a fourth vertical beam 230 ', and a fifth vertical beam 240 ', which extend vertically and have the same height, and are respectively fixedly connected with the base 100 ', the first vertical beam 210 ' is provided with a first sliding rail 271 ', the second vertical beam 220 ' is provided with a second sliding rail 272 ', the fourth vertical beam 230 ' is provided with a fourth sliding rail 273 ', the fifth vertical beam 240 ' is provided with a fifth sliding rail 274 ', the lengths of the rails are the same, the upper end surfaces of the rails are located at the same horizontal position, and the lower end surfaces of the rails are located at the same horizontal position. The bearing part comprises a bearing part main body 300 ', a first sliding block 310 ', a second sliding block 320 ', a fourth sliding block 330 ' and a fifth sliding block 340 ', the bearing part main body 300 ' is in contact with the bottom surface of the box body and is used for bearing the box body, the whole body is horizontally arranged, four corners of the bearing part main body 300 ' are respectively fixedly connected with the first sliding block 310 ', the second sliding block 320 ', the fourth sliding block 330 ' and the fifth sliding block 340 ' or are integrally formed, the first sliding block 310 ' is in sliding contact with a first sliding rail 271 ', the second sliding block 320 ' is in sliding contact with a second sliding rail 272 ', the fourth sliding block 330 ' is in sliding contact with a fourth sliding rail 273 ', and the fifth sliding block 340 ' is in sliding contact with a fifth sliding rail 274 '.
The carrier further comprises a first cross beam 250 'and a fourth cross beam 260', one end of the first cross beam 250 'is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the first vertical beam 210', the other end of the first cross beam 250 'is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the second vertical beam 220', one end of the fourth cross beam 260 'is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the fourth vertical beam 230', and the other end of the fourth cross beam 260 'is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the fifth vertical beam 240'; the first tension spring 410 'has an upper end fixedly connected to the first beam 250', a lower end connected to one end of the carrier body 300 ', a second tension spring 420' has an upper end fixedly connected to the fourth beam 260 ', and a lower end connected to the other end of the carrier body 300' corresponding to the end connected to the first tension spring.
The truck further comprises a fifth cross beam 281 ', a sixth cross beam 282 ', a third inclined beam 291 ', a fourth inclined beam 292 ', wherein the fifth cross beam 281 ' is positioned at the middle part of the first vertical beam 210 ' and the middle part of the second vertical beam 220 ', one end surface of the fifth cross beam 281 ' is abutted and fixedly connected with the inner side of the first vertical beam 210 ', and the other end surface of the fifth cross beam 281 ' is abutted and fixedly connected with the inner side of the second vertical beam 220 '. The sixth cross member 282 ' is located between the middle of the fourth vertical beam 230 ' and the middle of the fifth vertical beam 240 ', one end surface of the sixth cross member 282 ' is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fourth vertical beam 230 ', and the other end surface of the sixth cross member 282 ' is fixedly connected to the fifth vertical beam 240 '. The mode of butt joint and fixed connection is favorable to reducing the unevenness of junction and leading to the interference when handling goods. One end of the third inclined beam 291 'is fixedly connected with the fifth cross beam 281', and the other end of the third inclined beam 291 'is fixedly connected with the base 100'; one end of the fourth inclined beam 292 ' is fixedly connected with the sixth cross beam 282 ', the other end of the fourth inclined beam 292 ' is fixedly connected with the base, the connection between the supporting seat and the base is reinforced, and the stability of the carrier is improved.
The upper end of the first slide rail 271 'has an upper limit portion 271 a', the lower end of the first slide rail 271 'has a lower limit portion 271 b', the upper end of the second slide rail 272 'has an upper limit portion 272 a', the lower end of the second slide rail 272 'has a lower limit portion 272 b', the upper end of the fourth slide rail 273 'has an upper limit portion 273 a', the lower end of the fourth slide rail 273 'has a lower limit portion 273 b', the upper end of the fifth slide rail 274 'has an upper limit portion 274 a', the lower end of the fifth slide rail 274 'has a lower limit portion 274 b', the limit surfaces of the upper limit portions 271a 'to 274 a' are at the same horizontal position, and the limit surfaces of the lower limit portions 271b 'to 274 b' are at the same horizontal position; when the first slider 310 ', the second slider 320', the fourth slider 330 'and the fifth slider 340' slide on the upper limit portions with respect to the first slide rail 210 ', the second slide rail 220', the fourth slide rail 230 'and the fifth slide rail 240', respectively, the upper end surface of the first slider 310 'contacts with the limit surface of the upper limit portion 271 a', the upper end surface of the second slider 320 'contacts with the limit surface of the upper limit portion 272 a', the upper end surface of the fourth slider 330 'contacts with the limit surface of the upper limit portion 273 a', and the upper end surface of the fifth slider 340 'contacts with the limit surface of the upper limit portion 274 a'; when the first, second, fourth and fifth sliders 310 ', 320 ', 330 ', 340 ' slide to the lower limit portions with respect to the first, second, fourth and fifth slide rails 210 ', 220 ', 230 ', 240 ', respectively, the lower end surface of the first slider 310 ' contacts the limit surface of the lower limit portion 271b
The lower end surface of the second slider 320 'contacts the stopper surface of the lower stopper 272 b', the lower end surface of the fourth slider 330 'contacts the stopper surface of the lower stopper 273 b', and the lower end surface of the fifth slider 340 'contacts the stopper surface of the lower stopper 274 b'.
The tension spring parameters (initial tension, maximum tension, and spring constant) of the carrier of this embodiment are the same as those of the third embodiment. Compared with the third embodiment, the carrier of the present embodiment omits the third slide rail, the third vertical beam, the second oblique beam, and other structures of the third embodiment, and can also achieve the object of the present invention. Considering that the goods carried by the truck are usually the same goods in practical application, in order to conveniently calculate the parameters of initial tension, elastic coefficient and the like of the tension spring, the total weight and the height of each box body are the same, and the weight and the height are allowed to be within a tolerance range of +/-20%, it can be understood that the technical scheme can also be expanded to the situation that the weight and the height of each box body are different, but the weight ratio of each box body is in direct proportion to the height ratio, and the technical scheme also is within the scope of the claims of the invention.
It should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified and equivalents may be substituted for those skilled in the art, and all technical solutions and modifications that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a carrier, includes base, support frame, bearing part, the base lower extreme is equipped with the wheel, the support frame with base fixed connection, the bearing part is used for bearing the weight of goods, its characterized in that: the carrier further comprises at least one tension spring, the upper end of the tension spring is limited, and the lower end of the tension spring is limited with the bearing part; the bearing part can move up and down along the support frame under the action of the tension spring, and the elastic deformation of the tension spring is matched with the bearing part and the weight of the goods, so that the loading and unloading surface of the goods is located in a preset height range.
2. The cart according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting frame comprises a first vertical beam and a second vertical beam, the first vertical beam and the second vertical beam are fixedly connected with the base, the first vertical beam is provided with a first slide rail, the second vertical beam is provided with a second slide rail, the bearing part comprises a bearing part main body, a first slide block and a second slide block, the bearing part main body is horizontally arranged, the bearing part main body is fixedly connected with or integrally formed with the first slide block and the second slide block, the first slide block is in sliding contact with the first slide rail, and the second slide block is in sliding contact with the second slide rail; the carrier further comprises a first cross beam, one end of the first cross beam is fixedly connected with the upper part of the first vertical beam, and the other end of the first cross beam is fixedly connected with the upper part of the second vertical beam; the tension spring is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the tension spring is fixedly connected with the first cross beam.
3. The cart according to claim 2, wherein: the distance from the connecting point of the first vertical beam, the second vertical beam and the base to the rear end part of the base is smaller than the distance from the connecting point to the front end part of the base; the carrier further comprises a second cross beam and a first oblique beam, one end of the second cross beam is fixedly connected with the middle of the first vertical beam, the other end of the second cross beam is fixedly connected with the middle of the second vertical beam, one end of the first oblique beam is fixedly connected with the rear end of the base, and the other end of the first oblique beam is fixedly connected with the second cross beam.
4. The cart according to claim 3, wherein: the carrier further comprises a third cross beam and a third slide rail, one end of the third cross beam is fixedly connected with the lower part of the first vertical beam, and the other end of the third cross beam is fixedly connected with the lower part of the second vertical beam; the third slide rail is vertically arranged and is fixedly connected with the middle parts of the second cross beam and the third cross beam; the carrier further comprises a third vertical beam, a second oblique beam and a third sliding block, the upper end of the third vertical beam is fixedly connected with the bottom of the bearing part main body, the third sliding block is fixedly connected with the third vertical beam, the third sliding block is in sliding contact with a third sliding rail, one end of the second oblique beam is fixedly connected with the bottom of the bearing part main body, the other end of the second oblique beam is fixedly connected with the third vertical beam, the height of a connection point of the second oblique beam and the third vertical beam is greater than or equal to the height of the lower end face of the third sliding block, and the height of the connection point of the second oblique beam and the third vertical beam is less than or equal to the height of the upper end face of the third sliding block.
5. The cart according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein: the upper ends of the first sliding rail and the second sliding rail are respectively provided with an upper limiting part, the lower ends of the first sliding rail and the second sliding rail are respectively provided with a lower limiting part, the limiting surfaces of the upper limiting parts are positioned at the same horizontal position, and the limiting surfaces of the lower limiting parts are positioned at the same horizontal position; when the first sliding block and the second sliding block respectively slide to the upper limiting part relative to the first sliding rail and the second sliding rail, the upper end surfaces of the first sliding block and the second sliding block are respectively contacted with the limiting surfaces of the corresponding upper limiting parts; when the first sliding block and the second sliding block respectively slide to the lower limiting part relative to the first sliding rail and the second sliding rail, the lower end surfaces of the first sliding block and the second sliding block are respectively contacted with the limiting surface of the corresponding lower limiting part.
6. The cart according to claim 2, wherein: the supporting frame further comprises a fourth vertical beam and a fifth vertical beam, the fourth vertical beam and the fifth vertical beam are respectively and fixedly connected with the base, the fourth vertical beam is provided with a fourth sliding rail, and the fifth vertical beam is provided with a fifth sliding rail; the bearing part also comprises a fourth sliding block and a fifth sliding block, the bearing part main body is fixedly connected with the fourth sliding block and the fifth sliding block or integrally formed, the fourth sliding block is in sliding contact with the fourth sliding rail, and the fifth sliding block is in sliding contact with the fifth sliding rail; the carrier further comprises a fourth cross beam, one end of the fourth cross beam is connected with the upper part of the fourth vertical beam, and the other end of the fourth cross beam is fixedly connected with the upper part of the fifth vertical beam; the tension springs comprise a first tension spring and a second tension spring, the upper end of the first tension spring is fixedly connected with the first cross beam, the lower end of the first tension spring is fixedly connected with one end of the bearing part main body, the upper end of the second tension spring is fixedly connected with the fourth cross beam, and the lower end of the second tension spring is fixedly connected with the other end of the bearing part main body.
7. The cart according to claim 6, wherein: the carrier further comprises a fifth cross beam, a sixth cross beam, a third oblique beam and a fourth oblique beam, one end of the fifth cross beam is fixedly connected with the first vertical beam, the other end of the fifth cross beam is fixedly connected with the second vertical beam, one end of the sixth cross beam is fixedly connected with the fourth vertical beam, and the other end of the sixth cross beam is fixedly connected with the fifth vertical beam; one end of the third oblique beam is fixedly connected with the fifth cross beam, and the other end of the third oblique beam is fixedly connected with the base; one end of the fourth oblique beam is fixedly connected with the fifth cross beam, and the other end of the fourth oblique beam is fixedly connected with the base.
8. The cart according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: the upper ends of the first slide rail, the second slide rail, the fourth slide rail and the fifth slide rail are respectively provided with an upper limiting part, the lower ends of the first slide rail, the second slide rail, the fourth slide rail and the fifth slide rail are respectively provided with a lower limiting part, the limiting surfaces of the upper limiting parts are positioned at the same horizontal position, and the limiting surfaces of the lower limiting parts are positioned at the same horizontal position; when the first sliding block, the second sliding block, the fourth sliding block and the fifth sliding block respectively slide to the upper limit part relative to the first sliding rail, the second sliding rail, the fourth sliding rail and the fifth sliding rail, the upper end surfaces of the first sliding block, the second sliding block, the fourth sliding rail and the fifth sliding rail are respectively contacted with the limit surface of the corresponding upper limit part; when the first sliding block, the second sliding block, the fourth sliding block and the fifth sliding block respectively slide to the lower limiting part relative to the first sliding rail, the second sliding rail, the fourth sliding rail and the fifth sliding rail, the lower end surfaces of the first sliding block, the second sliding block, the fourth sliding rail and the fifth sliding rail respectively contact with the limiting surface of the corresponding lower limiting part.
9. The cart according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the number of cargos which can be carried by the carrier is 2 to 2, the weight deviation of the carried cargos is within 20%, the height deviation of the carried cargos is within 20%, the initial tension of the tension spring is less than the weight of 2 cargos and the carrying part within the elastic limit of the tension spring, the maximum tension of the tension spring is greater than the weight of all cargos on the carrying part and the carrying part per se, under the condition that the sum of the self weight of the carrying part and the weight of the cargos on the carrying part is greater than or equal to the initial tension of the tension spring, the amount of deformation generated by the tension spring is increased by 0.9 to 1.1 times of the height of 1 cargo for every 1 cargo added on the carrying part, the downward movement amount of the carrying part is between 0.9 to 1.1 times of the height of 1 cargo, and the amount of deformation generated by the spring is decreased by 0.9 to 1.1 times of the height of the cargo for every 1 cargo reduced on the carrying part, the upward movement amount of the bearing part is between 0.9 and 1.1 times of the height of 1 cargo; the elastic coefficient k of the tension spring satisfies the following relation
Figure FDA0002220017520000031
m is the mass of 1 goods, g is the acceleration of gravity, n is the quantity of tension spring, h is the height of 1 goods.
10. The cart according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the carrier further comprises a spring balancer, the spring balancer is vertically arranged, the upper end of the spring balancer is limited, and the rope end of the spring balancer is connected with the bearing part; the number of goods which can be carried by the carrier is 2 and more than 2, the weight deviation of the carried goods is within 20 percent, the height deviation of the carried goods is within 20 percent, the balance tension provided by the spring balancer can be adjusted within a load weight range, the sum of the balance tension of the spring balancer and the initial tension of the tension spring is less than the weight of the carrying part and the weight of 2 goods, the sum of the maximum tension of the tension spring and the balance tension of the spring balancer is more than the weight of all the goods on the carrying part and the carrying part, when the 1 st goods and/or the 2 nd goods are placed on the carrying part, the balance tension of the spring balancer is adjusted within the load weight range so that the height of the loading and unloading surface is adjusted to a preset height, and when the loading and unloading surface is too high, the balance tension of the spring balancer is reduced, if the loading and unloading surface is too low, the balance tension of the spring balancer is increased; under the condition that the self weight of the bearing part and the weight of goods on the bearing part are more than or equal to the sum of the initial tension of the tension spring and the balance tension of the spring balancer, for every 1 goods added on the bearing part, the amount of deformation generated by the tension spring is increased by 0.9-1.1 times of the height of 1 goods, the downward movement amount of the bearing part is 0.9-1.1 times of the height of 1 goods, and for every 1 goods reduced on the bearing part, the amount of deformation generated by the tension spring is reduced by 0.9-1.1 times of the height of 1 goods, and the upward movement amount of the bearing part is 0.9-1.1 times of the height of 1 goods; the elastic coefficient k of the tension spring satisfies the following relation
Figure FDA0002220017520000041
m is the mass of 1 goods, g is the acceleration of gravity, n is tension spring's quantity, h is 1 goods height.
CN201910930222.6A 2019-09-29 2019-09-29 Carrier vehicle Pending CN112572559A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6364330B1 (en) * 1997-04-21 2002-04-02 Problem Solvers Co. Ergonomic platform truck
KR20050118320A (en) * 2004-06-14 2005-12-19 강희수 Carrying cart for work
US20140117197A1 (en) * 2012-11-01 2014-05-01 Carl Lee Stover Variable level platform adjustment mechanism
CN203780568U (en) * 2014-01-15 2014-08-20 昆山日久新能源应用材料有限公司 Film-transporting vehicle for warehouse
JP2017071228A (en) * 2015-10-05 2017-04-13 株式会社シンテックホズミ Tire lifter
CN110002359A (en) * 2018-01-05 2019-07-12 神技保寿美株式会社 Operation elevator
CN211032636U (en) * 2019-09-29 2020-07-17 杭州三花研究院有限公司 Carrier vehicle

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6364330B1 (en) * 1997-04-21 2002-04-02 Problem Solvers Co. Ergonomic platform truck
KR20050118320A (en) * 2004-06-14 2005-12-19 강희수 Carrying cart for work
US20140117197A1 (en) * 2012-11-01 2014-05-01 Carl Lee Stover Variable level platform adjustment mechanism
CN203780568U (en) * 2014-01-15 2014-08-20 昆山日久新能源应用材料有限公司 Film-transporting vehicle for warehouse
JP2017071228A (en) * 2015-10-05 2017-04-13 株式会社シンテックホズミ Tire lifter
CN110002359A (en) * 2018-01-05 2019-07-12 神技保寿美株式会社 Operation elevator
CN211032636U (en) * 2019-09-29 2020-07-17 杭州三花研究院有限公司 Carrier vehicle

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