CN112571836B - Preparation method of composite material with embedded metal part closed-cavity grid frame structure - Google Patents

Preparation method of composite material with embedded metal part closed-cavity grid frame structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112571836B
CN112571836B CN202011353285.9A CN202011353285A CN112571836B CN 112571836 B CN112571836 B CN 112571836B CN 202011353285 A CN202011353285 A CN 202011353285A CN 112571836 B CN112571836 B CN 112571836B
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Prior art keywords
lining plate
embedded metal
metal part
water
mold
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CN112571836A (en
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刘永琪
董志武
李玉龙
丛非
白皓
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Changchun Changguang Aerospace Composite Material Co ltd
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Changchun Changguang Aerospace Composite Material Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/68Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
    • B29C70/84Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks by moulding material on preformed parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/30Mounting, exchanging or centering
    • B29C33/301Modular mould systems [MMS], i.e. moulds built up by stacking mould elements, e.g. plates, blocks, rods
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3097Cosmonautical vehicles; Rockets

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a composite material of a pre-buried metal piece closed cavity grid frame structure, which comprises the following steps of S100, designing the shape and the dimensional tolerance of a lining plate, preparing the lining plate and a pre-pressing mould, wherein the lining plate comprises a plurality of spliced lining plate partitions; s200, preparing a prepreg and a water-soluble mold; s300, laying a water-soluble mould block, and laying a prepreg on the surface of the water-soluble mould block; s400, mounting a partition lining plate on the water-soluble mould block, and performing partition mould closing prepressing by using a partition prepressing mould; s500, combining the pre-pressed small partition blocks into a metal mold, laying a skin, installing each lining plate partition, and performing mold closing; s600, feeding into a furnace for curing; and S700, demolding after curing. The preparation method is based on the partition type lining plate, the mixture of quartz sand and water-soluble adhesive is used as a core mold, the small grid blocks after being paved are pre-pressed in a partition mode, the lining plate is installed, the whole mold is closed and solidified, and the technical problems that the position precision of the pre-buried metal piece of the closed-cavity grid structure is poor and the process difficulty is large are solved.

Description

Preparation method of composite material with embedded metal part closed-cavity grid frame structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of structural composite material forming processes, in particular to a preparation method of a pre-buried metal piece closed cavity grid frame structural composite material based on a partition type lining plate.
Background
Fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites are widely used in the aerospace field due to their high specific strength, wherein frame-like structures are commonly used in secondary bearing structures in the aerospace field. Based on diversification of application scenes, application loads are diversified, and higher requirements are provided for the bearing capacity and the dimensional stability of the high-specific-strength frame structure.
In the prior art, a composite material product with a closed-cavity grid rib frame structure is prepared by laying prepreg on a combination body of a water-soluble mold and a pre-embedded metal piece, so that the bearing capacity and the dimensional stability of the composite material frame structure can be greatly enhanced.
However, long-time practice shows that the bosses of the embedded metal pieces are sunk in the metal outer die to increase the difficulty of the die assembly process, and technicians can appropriately sacrifice the position precision of the embedded metal pieces to reduce the difficulty of the process. Therefore, the position precision control process of the embedded metal part involved in the preparation process of the composite material product becomes a technical problem which needs to be overcome urgently in molding.
Based on the technical problems, a great need exists for a preparation method of a composite material with a closed-cavity grid framework structure of an embedded metal part, which can overcome the defects of poor position precision of the embedded metal part and large process difficulty in a mold closing process in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a composite material with a closed-cavity grid framework structure of an embedded metal part based on a partition type lining plate, which effectively solves the technical defects of poor position precision of the embedded metal part and high process difficulty in a mold closing process in the prior art, improves the product quality and reduces the operation difficulty of process personnel.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a preparation method of a composite material with a pre-buried metal piece closed-cavity grid frame structure, which mainly comprises the following steps:
s100, designing the shape and the dimensional tolerance of a lining plate, preparing the lining plate and a pre-pressing mold, wherein the lining plate comprises a plurality of spliced lining plate partitions, and the pre-pressing mold is provided with a partition pre-pressing mold matched with the lining plate partitions;
s200, preparing a prepreg and a water-soluble mold, wherein the water-soluble mold needs to be matched with an embedded metal piece, and comprises a plurality of water-soluble mold blocks matched with the lining plate in a partition manner;
s300, laying a water-soluble mould block, and laying a prepreg on the surface of the water-soluble mould block;
s400, mounting lining plates on the water-soluble mould block in a partitioning mode, and performing partitioning, mould closing and prepressing by using a partitioning prepressing mould;
s500, combining the small blocks of the pre-pressed zones into a metal mold, laying a skin, installing each lining plate zone, and then closing the mold;
s600, feeding the materials into a furnace for curing;
and S700, demolding after curing.
Further, in the step S100, the lining plate partition is provided with a pre-buried metal part limiting hole matched with the boss according to the position of the boss of the pre-buried metal part;
when the embedded metal part is matched with the lining plate in a partition mode, the boss of the embedded metal part is embedded into the embedded metal part limiting hole.
Further, a certain gap is reserved between the embedded metal part limiting hole of the lining plate partition and the boss of the embedded metal part;
the gap between the embedded metal part limiting hole and the embedded metal part side edge is configured as follows:
the distance between the embedded metal part limiting hole and the corresponding side edge of the boss of the embedded metal part is not more than 1mm.
Further, in the step S100, the surface shape of the lining plate partition is matched with the embedded metal part, and the adjacent edges of the adjacent lining plate partitions are configured as splicing surfaces, and the splicing surfaces of the adjacent lining plate partitions are butted;
and gaps formed after the adjacent lining plates are spliced in a subarea mode are smaller than 1mm.
Further, in the step S200, the water-soluble mold is formed by uniformly mixing quartz sand and a water-soluble adhesive according to a mass ratio of 1.25 to 0.15 to obtain a mixture, the mixture is added with water according to a mass ratio of 1.4 to 0.3 and then uniformly stirred, and the mixture is placed into the mold to be compacted and dried by using a press, and then is machined to a closed cavity size after being dried.
Further, in the step S200, a carbon fiber reinforced cyanate ester prepreg is used as the prepreg.
Further, in step S300, a water-soluble mold treatment process is performed before the prepreg is laid on the surface of the water-soluble mold block, and the water-soluble mold treatment process mainly includes the following steps:
s301, laying a layer of demolding cloth on the surface of the water-soluble mold after water removal;
s302, brushing a layer of waterproof glue;
s303, laying a layer of demolding cloth;
s304, finally brushing a layer of cyanate ester wet glue on the water-soluble mould.
Further, in step S500, the size of the mold clamping gap during mold clamping is controlled to be within 0.2 mm.
Furthermore, the lining plate is provided with at least two demoulding holes in a subarea manner;
the opening position of the demoulding hole is close to the boss of the embedded metal piece;
in the step S700, the pin puller is used to stiffen and demould the die according to the distribution number and position of the demoulding holes.
In the technical scheme, the preparation method of the composite material with the embedded metal part closed-cavity grid frame structure, provided by the invention, has the following beneficial effects:
the preparation method is based on the partitioned liner plate, adopts the mixture of quartz sand and water-soluble adhesive as a core mold, and prepresses the laid grid small blocks in a partitioned manner, so that the size requirement is met, and after the skin is laid, the liner plate is installed, the mold is integrally closed and cured, and the technical problems of poor position precision and large process difficulty of the pre-buried metal part with the closed-cavity grid structure are solved.
The preparation method is based on the partition type lining plate, the embedded metal part limiting holes are correspondingly formed in the lining plate partitions according to the shape, size and position of the bosses of the embedded metal part, and the opening size of the embedded metal part limiting holes is larger than the size of the bosses of the embedded metal part, so that the positions of the embedded metal part can be accurately positioned on the premise of not influencing the embedding of the embedded metal part, and the size precision of the formed composite material frame is improved.
In order to facilitate product demoulding, the partition type lining plate is provided with more than two demoulding holes at the positions of the lining plate partitions close to the bosses of the embedded metal part, and demoulding can be carried out by using a pin puller according to a two-point or three-point stiffening mode.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a first structural schematic diagram of a combined liner plate of a preparation method of a pre-buried metal closed-cavity grid framework structure composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a second structural schematic diagram of a combined liner plate according to the preparation method of the composite material with the embedded metal part closed-cavity grid framework structure provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lining partition of a method for preparing a composite material with a pre-buried metal piece closed-cavity grid frame structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal mold of a method for preparing a composite material with a pre-buried metal closed-cavity grid framework structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a liner plate; 2. a metal mold;
101. partitioning the lining plate; 102. a gap; 103. embedding a metal part limiting hole; 104. demoulding holes; 105. splicing the surfaces;
201. an upper pressure plate; 202. a lower pressing plate; 203. and a side plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
See fig. 1-4;
the first embodiment is as follows:
the invention discloses a preparation method of a composite material with a pre-buried metal piece closed-cavity grid frame structure, which mainly comprises the following steps:
s100, designing the shape and dimensional tolerance of a liner plate 1, and preparing the liner plate 1 and a pre-pressing mold, wherein the liner plate comprises a plurality of spliced liner plate subareas 101, and the pre-pressing mold is provided with a subarea pre-pressing mold matched with the liner plate subareas 101;
s200, preparing a prepreg and a water-soluble mold, wherein the water-soluble mold needs to be matched with an embedded metal piece, and comprises a plurality of water-soluble mold blocks matched with the lining plate subarea 101;
s300, laying a water-soluble mould block, and laying a prepreg on the surface of the water-soluble mould block;
s400, mounting a lining plate subarea 101 on a water-soluble mould block, and carrying out subarea mould closing prepressing by using a subarea prepressing mould;
s500, combining the pre-pressed small partition blocks into a metal mold 2, paving a skin, installing each lining plate partition 101, and then closing the mold;
s600, feeding the materials into a furnace for curing;
and S700, demolding after curing.
Specifically, firstly, the embodiment discloses a preparation method of a partition type lining plate-based embedded metal part closed cavity grid structure composite material, wherein a split type lining plate 1 is designed according to the surface shape and the size of a product and an embedded metal part, the lining plate 1 comprises a plurality of lining plate partitions 101, adjacent lining plate partitions 101 can be combined for use, a partition pre-pressing mold is matched according to the lining plate partitions 101, and finally the lining plate partitions 101 and a water-soluble mold are reasonably combined according to the product. Because the lining plate 1 adopts a partitioned design, the lining plate can be adapted to products with different surface types and embedded metal pieces, and the applicability is good.
Preferably, in the step S100, the lining plate partition 101 is provided with an embedded metal part limiting hole 103 matched with a boss according to the position of the boss of the embedded metal part;
when the embedded metal part is matched with the lining plate subarea 101, the boss of the embedded metal part is embedded into the embedded metal part limiting hole 103.
In order to accurately position the embedded metal part, the lining plate partition 101 of the embodiment is provided with an embedded metal part limiting hole 103 matched with the boss size and the position of the embedded metal part, and the position of the embedded metal part is accurate through the matching of the embedded metal part limiting hole 103 and the boss.
Preferably, in this embodiment, a certain gap is reserved between the embedded metal part limiting hole 103 of the lining plate partition 101 and the boss of the embedded metal part;
the gap between the embedded metal part limiting hole 103 and the side edge of the embedded metal part is configured as follows:
the distance between the embedded metal part limiting hole 103 and the corresponding side edge of the boss of the embedded metal part is not more than 1mm.
Preferably, in step S100 of this embodiment, the surface shapes of the lining plate partitions 101 are matched with the embedded metal part, and the adjacent edges of the adjacent lining plate partitions 101 are configured as splicing surfaces 105, and the splicing surfaces 105 of the adjacent lining plate partitions 101 are butted;
the gap 102 after the splicing of the adjacent lining plate partitions 101 is less than 1mm.
Preferably, in step S200 of this embodiment, the water-soluble mold is prepared by uniformly mixing quartz sand and a water-soluble adhesive according to a mass ratio of 1.25 to 0.15 to obtain a mixture (the mixture is used as a core mold), adding water to the mixture according to a mass ratio of 1.4 to 0.3, uniformly stirring, placing the mixture into the mold, compacting and drying the mixture by using a press, and machining the dried mixture to a closed cavity size by using a machine.
In step S200, a carbon fiber reinforced cyanate prepreg is used as the prepreg.
In the step S300, a water-soluble mold treatment process is performed before the prepreg is laid on the surface of the water-soluble mold block, and the water-soluble mold treatment process mainly includes the following steps:
s301, laying a layer of demolding cloth on the surface of the water-soluble mold after water removal;
s302, brushing a layer of waterproof glue;
s303, laying a layer of demolding cloth;
s304, brushing a layer of cyanate ester wet glue on the water-soluble mould.
In step S500, the mold clamping gap size is controlled to be within 0.2mm during mold clamping.
Wherein, the lining plate subarea 101 is provided with demoulding holes 104, and the number of the demoulding holes 104 is at least two;
the opening position of the demoulding hole 104 is close to the lug boss of the embedded metal piece;
in step S700, the mold is reinforced and demolded by the pin puller according to the number and the position of the number of the demolding holes 104.
When the integral mold closing is carried out in the embodiment, the mold closing size is controlled within 0.2mm, the product is solidified in a solidifying furnace, the machining size of the water-soluble mold is disclosed to be-0.4-0.6, and the drying temperature of the water-soluble mold is 110 ℃.
Example two:
in the second embodiment, a certain gap is reserved between the embedded metal part limiting hole 103 of the lining plate partition 101 and the boss of the embedded metal part;
the gap between the embedded metal part limiting hole 103 and the side edge of the embedded metal part is configured as follows:
the distance between the embedded metal part limiting hole 103 and the corresponding side edge of the boss of the embedded metal part is 0.5mm.
Preferably, in step S100 of this embodiment, the surface shape of the lining plate partition 101 is matched with the embedded metal part, the adjacent edges of the adjacent lining plate partitions 101 are configured as splicing surfaces 105, and the splicing surfaces 105 of the adjacent lining plate partitions 101 are butted;
the gap 102 after splicing of adjacent lining plate partitions 101 is 0.5mm.
The metal mold 2 mainly includes a backing plate 1, an upper platen 201, a lower platen 202, and a side plate 203, as shown in detail in fig. 4. Meanwhile, the prepreg in the embodiment adopts medium-temperature curing M40 JB/cyanate prepreg and resin wet glue with low prepolymerization degree.
As a preferred embodiment:
according to the preparation of the water-soluble mold, quartz sand and a water-soluble adhesive are uniformly mixed according to a mass ratio of 1.25 to 0.15 to obtain a mixture, the mixture and water are uniformly mixed according to a mass ratio of 1.4 to 0.3, a filling material is compacted in the mold by using a press under the pressure of 1.5MPa, and finally the filling material is dried at the temperature of 110 ℃ for 2 hours and then machined, and the design value of the dimensional tolerance of the water-soluble mold is-0.4-0.6.
During curing, the mold closing size is controlled to be within 0.2mm, and the product is cured in a curing furnace at the temperature of 130 ℃ for 12 hours.
Adopt the pre-buried metalwork location welt of subregion design in this embodiment two, the spacing hole of pre-buried metalwork 103 sets up to 0.5mm with the unilateral free gap of pre-buried metalwork boss, and it is 0.5mm to leave the seam between each welt subregion 101, has greatly reduced the technology degree of difficulty that the built-in fitting accuracy control brought, simultaneously, the use of welt 1 and the control of subregion pre-compaction, whole pre-compaction die joint (be less than or equal to 0.2 mm), has guaranteed the position accuracy of the pre-buried metalwork of closed chamber grid structure.
In the technical scheme, the preparation method of the composite material with the embedded metal part closed-cavity grid frame structure, provided by the invention, has the following beneficial effects:
the preparation method is based on the partitioned liner plate, adopts the mixture of quartz sand and water-soluble adhesive as a core mold, and prepresses the laid grid small blocks in a partitioned manner, so that the size requirement is met, and after the skin is laid, the liner plate is installed, the mold is integrally closed and cured, and the technical problems of poor position precision and large process difficulty of the pre-buried metal part with the closed-cavity grid structure are solved.
The preparation method is based on the zone type lining plate, the lining plate zone 101 is correspondingly provided with the embedded metal part limiting hole 103 according to the shape, size and position of the boss of the embedded metal part, and the opening size of the embedded metal part limiting hole 103 is larger than the size of the boss of the embedded metal part, so that the position of the embedded metal part can be accurately positioned on the premise of not influencing the embedding of the embedded metal part, and the size precision of the formed composite material frame is improved.
In order to facilitate product demoulding, the partition type lining plate is provided with demoulding holes 104 at the positions of the lining plate partitions 101 close to the bosses of the embedded metal parts, the number of the demoulding holes 104 is more than two, and demoulding can be carried out by using a pin puller according to a two-point or three-point stiffening mode.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. The preparation method of the composite material with the embedded metal part closed-cavity grid frame structure is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps of:
s100, designing the shape and dimensional tolerance of a lining plate (1), preparing the lining plate (1) and a pre-pressing mold, wherein the lining plate (1) comprises a plurality of spliced lining plate partitions (101), and the pre-pressing mold is provided with a partition pre-pressing mold matched with the lining plate partitions (101);
s200, preparing a prepreg and a water-soluble mold, wherein the water-soluble mold needs to be matched with an embedded metal piece, and comprises a plurality of water-soluble mold blocks matched with the lining plate subarea (101);
s300, laying a water-soluble mould block, and laying a prepreg on the surface of the water-soluble mould block;
s400, mounting a lining plate partition (101) on the water-soluble mould block, and performing partition mould closing prepressing by using a partition prepressing mould;
s500, combining the pre-pressed small partition blocks into a metal mold (2), laying a skin, and installing each lining plate partition (101) for mold closing;
s600, feeding into a furnace for curing;
and S700, demolding after curing.
2. The method for preparing the composite material of the embedded metal part closed-cavity grid frame structure according to claim 1, wherein in the step S100, the lining plate partition (101) is provided with embedded metal part limiting holes (103) matched with bosses according to the positions of the bosses of the embedded metal part;
when the embedded metal part is matched with the lining plate subarea (101), the boss of the embedded metal part is embedded into the embedded metal part limiting hole (103).
3. The method for preparing the composite material of the embedded metal part closed-cavity grid frame structure according to claim 2, wherein a certain gap is reserved between an embedded metal part limiting hole (103) of the lining plate partition (101) and a boss of the embedded metal part;
the gap between the embedded metal part limiting hole (103) and the side edge of the embedded metal part is configured as follows:
the distance between the embedded metal part limiting hole (103) and the corresponding side edge of the boss of the embedded metal part is not more than 1mm.
4. The method for preparing the composite material of the embedded metal part closed-cavity grid framework structure according to claim 1, wherein in the step S100, the surface type of the lining plate partition (101) is matched with that of the embedded metal part, the adjacent edges of the adjacent lining plate partitions (101) are configured to be splicing surfaces (105), and the splicing surfaces (105) of the adjacent lining plate partitions (101) are butted;
and the gap between the adjacent lining plate partitions (101) after splicing is less than 1mm.
5. The method for preparing the composite material with the embedded metal piece closed cavity grid framework structure according to the claim 1, wherein in the step S200, the water-soluble mold is prepared by uniformly mixing quartz sand and a water-soluble adhesive according to a mass ratio of 1.25 to 0.15, and then adding water into the mixture according to a mass ratio of 1.4 to 0.3, then uniformly stirring the mixture, then putting the mixture into the mold, compacting and drying the mixture by using a press, and finally machining the mixture to the size of the closed cavity after drying.
6. The method for preparing the composite material with the embedded metal part closed-cavity grid frame structure according to claim 1, wherein in the step S200, carbon fiber reinforced cyanate ester prepreg is adopted as the prepreg.
7. The method for preparing the composite material with the embedded metal part closed-cavity grid frame structure according to claim 1, wherein in the step S300, a water-soluble mold treatment process is performed before the prepreg is laid on the surface of the water-soluble mold block, and the water-soluble mold treatment process mainly comprises the following steps:
s301, laying a layer of demolding cloth on the surface of the water-soluble mold after water removal;
s302, brushing a layer of waterproof glue;
s303, laying a layer of demolding cloth;
s304, brushing a layer of cyanate ester wet glue on the water-soluble mould.
8. The method for preparing the composite material with the embedded metal piece closed-cavity grid frame structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S500, the size of a mold closing seam is controlled within 0.2mm during mold closing.
9. The method for preparing the composite material of the embedded metal part closed-cavity grid frame structure according to claim 2, wherein the lining plate partition (101) is provided with at least two demolding holes (104), and the number of the demolding holes (104) is at least two;
the opening position of the demoulding hole (104) is close to the boss of the embedded metal piece;
and in the step S700, the pin puller is used for reinforcing and demoulding according to the distribution quantity and the position of the demoulding holes (104).
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