CN112569803B - Preparation method of composite porous film - Google Patents
Preparation method of composite porous film Download PDFInfo
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- CN112569803B CN112569803B CN201910939144.6A CN201910939144A CN112569803B CN 112569803 B CN112569803 B CN 112569803B CN 201910939144 A CN201910939144 A CN 201910939144A CN 112569803 B CN112569803 B CN 112569803B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0041—Inorganic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles in the dry state
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/30—Chemical resistance
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a composite porous film, which comprises the following steps: (1) obtaining first slurry, and then attaching the first slurry to the support body to enable the pores of the support body to be partially or completely filled with the first slurry, so that a first precursor is obtained; (2) obtaining a second slurry, then attaching the second slurry to one side of the first precursor, and drying to obtain a second precursor; (3) sintering, so that the first slurry is converted into a first filter layer, and the second slurry is converted into a second filter layer to obtain a third precursor; (4) loading a non-metal oxide film anticorrosive layer on the outer surface and/or the pore surface of the third precursor to obtain the composite porous film; viscosity: the first slurry > the second slurry. The non-metallic oxide film anticorrosive coating can protect the whole porous film, prevent the local corrosion phenomenon from occurring in service under certain low-temperature working conditions, and further prolong the service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of filter materials, in particular to a preparation method of a composite porous film.
Background
At present, the preparation method of the porous film is as follows: (1) obtaining a support body and slurry; (2) loading the slurry on a support; (3) drying and sintering.
The process has the following problems:
(1) the support body mainly adopts a plain-woven metal screen, so that the cost is higher, and the strength of the prepared film is lower.
(2) The slurry on the supporting body is unevenly distributed, so that the appearance and the performance of the product have defects.
(3) When the porous film is in service under certain low-temperature working conditions, the phenomenon of local corrosion (acid condensation) can occur, so that the service life of the porous film is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite porous film to solve the problems of low strength and poor corrosion resistance of the porous film in the prior art.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a composite porous film, which is used for solving the problems of low strength, poor corrosion resistance and appearance and performance defects caused by uneven slurry distribution of the porous film in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a composite porous membrane comprising a first filter structure and a second filter structure; the first filter structure comprises a support and a first filter layer, the pores of the support being partially or completely filled by the first filter layer; the second filter structure comprises a second filter layer located on one side of the first filter structure; the composite porous film further comprises an anticorrosive layer; the anticorrosive coating comprises a first anticorrosive coating arranged on the pore surfaces of the first filter structure and the second filter structure and/or a second anticorrosive coating arranged on the outer surfaces of the first filter structure and the second filter structure.
The first filter layer and the second filter layer are connected into a whole, so that the strength of the porous film can be obviously improved; when the first filter layer is combined with the support body, the second filter layer is arranged, so that the apparent mass of the second filter layer can be improved; the first anticorrosive coating and the second anticorrosive coating can protect the whole porous film, so that the phenomenon of local corrosion (acid condensation) can be prevented when the porous film is in service under certain low-temperature working conditions, and the service life is further prolonged. When possessing first anticorrosive coating and second anticorrosive coating simultaneously, first anticorrosive coating and second anticorrosive coating synergism can protect whole porous film fully.
Furthermore, the anticorrosive coating also comprises a third anticorrosive coating arranged between the support body and the first filter layer. Therefore, the third corrosion prevention layer can effectively prevent the support body from being corroded, and the service life is prolonged;
further, the third corrosion prevention layer is a metal plating layer arranged on the surface of the support body. Therefore, the corrosion prevention effect is good and the corrosion prevention effect is easy to obtain.
Further, the metal coating is a nickel coating, a zinc coating or a chromium coating. The metal plating layer is preferably a nickel layer, is easy to obtain and has good corrosion resistance.
Further, the first anticorrosive layer and the second anticorrosive layer are alloy thin films, non-metal oxide thin films or metal oxide thin films.
Further, the alloy film is a Ni-P alloy film; the non-metal oxide film is SiO 2 A film; the metal oxide film is Al 2 O 3 A film.
Further, the thickness of the first anticorrosive layer is 10-20 μm; the thickness of the second anticorrosive layer is 10-20 mu m. Therefore, better gas flux can be kept on the premise of ensuring better corrosion resistance, and the filtering effect is improved.
Further, in the thickness direction of the support body, the first filter layers are symmetrically distributed. Therefore, the bonding force between the first filter layer and the support body is stronger, and the structure is more stable.
Further, the pore size of the first filter structure is larger than the pore size of the second filter structure. Therefore, in the thickness direction of the composite porous film, the pore diameter is in gradient distribution, the gas flux is larger, and the filtering efficiency can be obviously improved.
Furthermore, the aperture of the first filtering structure is 30-50 μm, and the aperture of the second filtering structure is 15-25 μm. Therefore, the filter has high filtering precision and filtering efficiency.
Further, the thickness of the second filter layer is 0.05-0.3 mm; the thickness of the support body is 0.05-1 mm. Thereby, a lower filtration pressure is ensured.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a composite porous film, comprising the steps of:
(1) obtaining first slurry, and then attaching the first slurry to the support body to enable the pores of the support body to be partially or completely filled with the first slurry, so that a first precursor is obtained;
(2) obtaining a second slurry, then attaching the second slurry to one side of the first precursor, and drying to obtain a second precursor;
(3) sintering, so that the first slurry is converted into a first filter layer, and the second slurry is converted into a second filter layer, thereby obtaining a third precursor;
(4) loading a metal oxide film anticorrosive layer on the outer surface and/or the pore surface of the third precursor to obtain the composite porous film;
pore diameter: the first filter structure > the second filter structure.
The first filter layer and the second filter layer are connected into a whole, so that the strength of the porous film can be obviously improved; when the first filter layer is combined with the support body, the second filter layer is arranged, so that the apparent mass of the second filter layer can be improved; the first anticorrosive coating and the second anticorrosive coating can protect the whole porous film, so that the phenomenon of local corrosion (acid condensation) can be prevented when the porous film is in service under certain low-temperature working conditions, and the service life is further prolonged. When the porous film is provided with the first anticorrosive layer and the second anticorrosive layer at the same time, the first anticorrosive layer and the second anticorrosive layer have synergistic effect, so that the whole porous film can be fully protected; in the thickness direction of the porous film, the pore diameter is in gradient distribution, the gas flux is larger, and the filtering efficiency can be obviously improved.
Further, viscosity: the first slurry > the second slurry. The larger the viscosity of the slurry is, the smaller the content of the raw material powder is, and the larger the pore size of the obtained filter layer is, whereby the pore size of the porous membrane is changed in a gradient manner by controlling the viscosity of the slurry, and the bonding force between the first filter layer and the support is stronger.
Further, the viscosity of the first slurry is 5000-15000 mPa & s; the viscosity of the second slurry is 40-80 mPas. Therefore, the proper slurry fluidity can ensure better product quality, is beneficial to reducing the defects of holes, unevenness and the like, and prolongs the service life.
Further, the first slurry is attached to the support body in a scraper blade coating mode in the step (1); and (2) attaching a second slurry to one side of the first precursor in a spraying manner. From this, adopt the mode of scraper blade coating to make the hole of first thick liquids fully filling support body to promote the cohesion between first filter layer and the support body, simultaneously, the surperficial level and smooth of the first filtration of gained helps obtaining the second filter layer that distributes evenly. When the viscosity of first thick liquids is greater than the viscosity of second thick liquids, the cooperation mode of blade coating and spraying can furthest promote production efficiency, guarantees product quality.
Further, the first slurry and the second slurry adopt the same raw material powder. Therefore, the bonding force between the first filter layer and the second filter layer is improved.
Further, the first slurry employs a multi-component binder; the second slurry employs a one-component binder. When the same binder is used, the higher the viscosity of the slurry is, the higher the binder is used, the less the raw material powder is used, and the larger the pores of the porous film are generated; when a multi-component adhesive is used, for example, a multi-component adhesive composed of an adhesive which is expensive but has a good bonding effect and an adhesive which is inexpensive but has a poor bonding effect is helpful for controlling the usage amount of raw material powder, controlling the cost and maintaining high filtration accuracy.
Further, the binder is selected from CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose), SBR (styrene butadiene rubber), and PVA (polyvinyl alcohol).
Further, the thickness of the metal oxide film is 10-20 μm. Therefore, the porous membrane has the anti-corrosion performance, and the filtering precision of the porous membrane can be improved.
Further, the metal oxide film is Al 2 O 3 A film. Al (Al) 2 O 3 The film has the characteristics of high toughness, easy processing, high corrosion resistance, high wear resistance and the like of ceramic materials.
Further, the Al 2 O 3 The film is obtained by sintering the Al sol attached to the outer surface and/or the pore surface of the third precursor. Thus, Al 2 O 3 The film and the third precursor have strong bonding force, and the thickness is easy to control.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a second composite porous film, comprising the steps of:
(1) taking alloy powder as raw material powder, taking CMC and SBR as binders, preparing first slurry with the viscosity of 5000-15000 mPa & s, and enabling a support body carrying the first slurry to pass between two scrapers at the speed of 3-5 m/min to obtain a first precursor;
(2) preparing a second slurry with the viscosity of 40-80 mPa & s by taking alloy powder as raw material powder and PVA as a binder, spraying the second slurry to one side of the first precursor, and drying to obtain a second precursor;
(3) rolling the second precursor;
(4) sintering the rolled second precursor: in the first stage, the temperature is kept at 120-250 ℃ for 60-90 min, in the second stage, the temperature is kept at 500-600 ℃ for 60-120 min, and in the third stage, the temperature is kept at 900-1150 ℃ for 90-180 min, so that a third precursor is obtained;
(5) soaking the third precursor in the Al sol, taking out the third precursor, and sintering at 450-650 ℃ to convert the Al sol into Al 2 O 3 And (3) forming a film, namely forming a first anticorrosive layer on the pore surface of the third precursor and forming a second anticorrosive layer on the outer surface of the pore surface of the third precursor to obtain the composite porous film.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a third composite porous film, comprising the steps of:
(1) obtaining first slurry, and then attaching the first slurry to the support body to enable the pores of the support body to be partially or completely filled with the first slurry, so that a first precursor is obtained;
(2) obtaining a second slurry, then attaching the second slurry to one side of the first precursor, and drying to obtain a second precursor;
(3) sintering, so that the first slurry is converted into a first filter layer, and the second slurry is converted into a second filter layer, thereby obtaining a third precursor;
(4) loading a non-metal oxide film anticorrosive layer on the outer surface and/or the pore surface of the third precursor to obtain the composite porous film;
viscosity: the first slurry > the second slurry.
The first filter layer and the second filter layer are connected into a wholeThe strength of the porous film can be obviously improved; when the first filter layer is combined with the support body, the second filter layer is arranged, so that the apparent mass of the second filter layer can be improved; the first anticorrosive coating and the second anticorrosive coating can protect the whole porous film, so that the phenomenon of local corrosion (acid condensation) can be prevented when the porous film is in service under certain low-temperature working conditions, and the service life is further prolonged. When the porous film is provided with the first anticorrosive layer and the second anticorrosive layer at the same time, the first anticorrosive layer and the second anticorrosive layer have synergistic effect, so that the whole porous film can be fully protected; when the viscosity of the second slurry is smaller than that of the first slurry, on one hand, the pore diameter of the porous film is changed in a gradient manner, and on the other hand, the bonding force between the first filter layer and the support body is stronger. SiO 2 2 The film has the advantages of easy acquisition, toughness, wear resistance, high corrosion resistance and the like.
Further, the pore diameter: the first filter structure > the second filter structure.
Further, the viscosity of the first slurry is 5000-15000 mPa & s; the viscosity of the second slurry is 40-80 mPas.
Further, the first slurry is attached to the support body in a scraper blade coating mode in the step (1); and (2) attaching a second slurry to one side of the first precursor in a spraying manner.
Further, the first slurry and the second slurry adopt the same raw material powder.
Further, the first slurry adopts a multi-component binder; the second slurry employs a one-component binder.
Further, the binder is selected from CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose), SBR (styrene butadiene rubber), and PVA (polyvinyl alcohol).
Further, the non-metal oxide film is SiO 2 A film; the SiO 2 The thickness of the film is 10 to 20 μm.
Further, the SiO 2 The film is made of SiO attached to the outer surface and/or pore surface of the third precursor 2 And sintering the sol to obtain the sol.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fourth method for preparing a composite porous film, comprising the steps of:
(1) taking alloy powder as raw material powder, taking CMC and SBR as binders, preparing first slurry with the viscosity of 5000-15000 mPa & s, and enabling a support body carrying the first slurry to pass between two scrapers at the speed of 3-5 m/min to obtain a first precursor;
(2) preparing a second slurry with the viscosity of 40-80 mPa & s by taking alloy powder as raw material powder and PVA as a binder, spraying the second slurry to one side of the first precursor, and drying to obtain a second precursor;
(3) rolling the second precursor;
(4) sintering the rolled second precursor: in the first stage, the temperature is kept at 120-250 ℃ for 60-90 min, in the second stage, the temperature is kept at 500-600 ℃ for 60-120 min, and in the third stage, the temperature is kept at 900-1150 ℃ for 90-180 min, so that a third precursor is obtained;
(5) soaking the third precursor in SiO 2 And taking out the sol, and sintering at 500-600 ℃, namely forming a first anticorrosive layer on the surface of the pore of the third precursor and forming a second anticorrosive layer on the outer surface of the pore of the third precursor, thus obtaining the composite porous film.
In order to achieve the above object, the fifth method for preparing a composite porous film according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) obtaining first slurry, and then attaching the first slurry to the support body to enable the pores of the support body to be partially or completely filled with the first slurry, so that a first precursor is obtained;
(2) obtaining a second slurry, then attaching the second slurry to one side of the first precursor, and drying to obtain a second precursor;
(3) sintering, so that the first slurry is converted into a first filter layer, and the second slurry is converted into a second filter layer, thereby obtaining a third precursor;
(4) loading an alloy film anticorrosive layer on the outer surface and/or the pore surface of the third precursor to obtain the composite porous film;
the first slurry and the second slurry adopt the same raw material powder.
The first filter layer and the second filter layer are connected into a whole, so that the strength of the porous film can be obviously improved; when the first filter layer is combined with the support body, the second filter layer is arranged, so that the apparent mass of the second filter layer can be improved; the first anticorrosive coating and the second anticorrosive coating can protect the whole porous film, so that the phenomenon of local corrosion (acid condensation) can be prevented when the porous film is in service under certain low-temperature working conditions, and the service life is further prolonged. When the porous film is provided with the first anticorrosive layer and the second anticorrosive layer at the same time, the first anticorrosive layer and the second anticorrosive layer have synergistic effect, so that the whole porous film can be fully protected; when the first slurry and the second slurry adopt the same raw material powder, the bonding force between the first filter layer and the second filter layer can be improved.
Further, the pore diameter: the first filter structure > the second filter structure.
Further, viscosity: the first slurry > the second slurry.
Further, the viscosity of the first slurry is 5000-15000 mPa & s; the viscosity of the second slurry is 40-80 mPas.
Further, the first slurry is attached to the support body in a scraper blade coating mode in the step (1); and (2) attaching a second slurry to one side of the first precursor in a spraying manner.
Further, the first slurry employs a multi-component binder; the second slurry employs a one-component binder.
Further, the binder is selected from CMC, SBR and PVA.
Further, the alloy film is formed by converting the alloy catalytic liquid attached to the outer surface and/or the pore surface of the third precursor; the alloy film and the raw material powder contain the same metal elements. The thickness of the alloy film converted from the alloy catalytic liquid is controllable, and the cost is low; when the alloy film and the raw material powder contain the same metal elements, the bonding force between the third precursor and the alloy film is stronger.
Further, the alloy film is a Ni-P alloy film; the thickness of the alloy film is 10-20 mu m. The Ni-P alloy plating layer has a fine and compact structure, high bonding strength with the filter layer, no peeling or falling off at 350-400 MPa, no rustiness, and excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance.
In order to achieve the above object, the sixth method for preparing a composite porous film provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing first slurry with the viscosity of 5000-15000 mPa & s by taking nickel alloy powder as raw material powder and CMC and SBR as binders, and then enabling a support body carrying the first slurry to pass between two scrapers at the speed of 3-5 m/min to obtain a first precursor;
(2) preparing a second slurry with the viscosity of 40-80 mPa & s by taking nickel alloy powder as raw material powder and PVA as a binder, spraying the second slurry to one side of the first precursor, and drying to obtain a second precursor;
(3) rolling the second precursor;
(4) sintering the rolled second precursor: in the first stage, the temperature is kept at 120-250 ℃ for 60-90 min, in the second stage, the temperature is kept at 500-600 ℃ for 60-120 min, and in the third stage, the temperature is kept at 900-1150 ℃ for 90-180 min, so that a third precursor is obtained;
(5) preparing Ni-P alloy catalytic liquid: comprises solvent, nickel salt, hypophosphite, buffer, complexing agent, ammonia potassium powder, sulfur powder, sodium iodide powder and wetting agent; and soaking the third precursor in a catalytic solution, taking out the third precursor, and baking the third precursor at 100-140 ℃ to convert the catalytic solution into a Ni-P alloy film, namely forming a first anticorrosive layer on the surface of the pores of the third precursor and forming a second anticorrosive layer on the outer surface of the pores of the third precursor to obtain the composite porous film.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to assist in understanding the invention, and are included to explain the invention and their equivalents and not limit it unduly. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite porous film according to examples 1 to 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a composite porous film according to examples 1 to 3 of the present invention.
1-support, 21-first filter layer, 22-second filter layer, 31-first anticorrosive layer, 32-second anticorrosive layer.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these teachings. Before the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that:
the technical solutions and features provided in the present invention in the respective sections including the following description may be combined with each other without conflict.
Moreover, the embodiments of the present invention described in the following description are generally only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
With respect to terms and units in the present invention. The terms "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof in the description and claims of this invention and the related sections are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
Example 1
1-2, a composite porous membrane comprising a first filter structure, a second filter structure, and a corrosion protection layer; the first filter structure comprises a support body 1 and a first filter layer 21, the pores of the support body 1 are completely filled with the first filter layer 21, and the first filter layer 21 is symmetrically distributed in the thickness direction of the support body 1; the second filter structure comprises a second filter layer 22 on one side of the first filter structure; the second filter layer 22 has a thickness of 0.05 mm.
The anticorrosive coating is including locating first anticorrosive coating 31 of the pore surface of first filtration and second filtration, locating the second anticorrosive coating 32 of first filtration and second filtration surface and locating third anticorrosive coating between supporter 1 and the first filter layer 21.
The first anticorrosive layer 31 and the second anticorrosive layer 32 are metal oxide thin films, and the metal oxide thin films are Al 2 O 3 A film. The third corrosion prevention layer is a metal coating layer arranged on the surface of the support body 1; the metal coating is a nickel coating.
The thickness of the first anticorrosive layer 31 is 10-20 μm; the thickness of the second anticorrosive layer 32 is 10-20 μm.
The aperture of the first filtering structure is 30-50 μm, the aperture of the second filtering structure is 15-25 μm, and the aperture is as follows: the first filter structure > the second filter structure.
The support body 1 is a metal screen mesh with 50 meshes, 316L material and 0.05mm thickness.
The preparation method of the composite porous film comprises the following steps:
(1) stainless steel powder is used as raw material powder, CMC and SBR are used as binding agents, first slurry with the viscosity of 5000mPa & s is prepared, and then a support body 1 carrying the first slurry penetrates between two scrapers at the speed of 4m/min, so that a first precursor is obtained;
(2) preparing a second slurry with the viscosity of 40mPa & s by taking stainless steel powder as raw material powder and PVA as a binder, spraying the second slurry to one side of the first precursor, and drying to obtain a second precursor;
(3) rolling the second precursor;
(4) sintering the rolled second precursor: the first stage is at 200 deg.C for 80min, the second stage is at 500 deg.C for 120min, and the third stage is at 1150 deg.C for 90min to obtain the third precursor;
(5) soaking the third precursor in Al sol, taking out and putting in 55 deg.CSintering at 0 ℃ to convert the Al sol to Al 2 O 3 And (3) forming a film, namely forming a first anticorrosive layer 31 on the pore surface of the third precursor and forming a second anticorrosive layer 32 on the outer surface of the pore surface of the third precursor to obtain the composite porous film.
Example 2
1-2, a composite porous membrane comprising a first filter structure, a second filter structure, and a corrosion protection layer; the first filter structure comprises a support body 1 and a first filter layer 21, the pores of the support body 1 are completely filled with the first filter layer 21, and the first filter layer 21 is symmetrically distributed in the thickness direction of the support body 1; the second filter structure comprises a second filter layer 22 on one side of the first filter structure; the second filter layer 22 has a thickness of 0.1 mm.
The anticorrosive coating is including locating first anticorrosive coating 31 of the pore surface of first filtration and second filtration, locating the second anticorrosive coating 32 of first filtration and second filtration surface and locating third anticorrosive coating between supporter 1 and the first filter layer 21.
The first anticorrosive layer 31 and the second anticorrosive layer 32 are non-metal oxide films, and the metal oxide films are SiO 2 A film. The third corrosion prevention layer is a metal coating layer arranged on the surface of the support body 1, and the metal coating layer is a zinc layer.
The thickness of the first anticorrosive layer 31 is 10-20 μm; the thickness of the second anticorrosive layer 32 is 10-20 μm.
The aperture of the first filtering structure is 30-50 μm, the aperture of the second filtering structure is 15-25 μm, and the aperture is as follows: the first filter structure > the second filter structure.
The support body 1 is a metal screen mesh with 50 meshes, 316L material and 0.2mm thickness.
The preparation method of the composite porous film comprises the following steps:
(1) taking Ha-type alloy powder as raw material powder, taking CMC and SBR as binders, preparing first slurry with the viscosity of 15000 mPa.s, and then enabling a support body 1 carrying the first slurry to pass between two scrapers at the speed of 4m/min to obtain a first precursor;
(2) taking Ha-type alloy powder as raw material powder, taking PVA as a binder, preparing second slurry with the viscosity of 60mPa & s, spraying the second slurry to one side of the first precursor, and drying to obtain a second precursor;
(3) rolling the second precursor;
(4) sintering the rolled second precursor: the first stage is at 200 deg.C for 80min, the second stage is at 550 deg.C for 90min, and the third stage is at 1000 deg.C for 130min to obtain the third precursor;
(5) soaking the third precursor in SiO 2 And soaking the sol for 10min, taking out, drying, and sintering at 550 ℃ for 1h to form a first anticorrosive layer 31 on the surface of the pores of the third precursor and a second anticorrosive layer 32 on the outer surface of the pores of the third precursor, thereby obtaining the composite porous film.
Example 3
1-2, a composite porous membrane comprising a first filter structure, a second filter structure, and a corrosion protection layer; the first filter structure comprises a support body 1 and a first filter layer 21, the pores of the support body 1 are completely filled with the first filter layer 21, and the first filter layer 21 is symmetrically distributed in the thickness direction of the support body 1; the second filter structure comprises a second filter layer 22 on one side of the first filter structure; the second filter layer 22 has a thickness of 0.15 mm.
The anticorrosive coating is including locating first anticorrosive coating 31 of the pore surface of first filtration and second filtration, locating the second anticorrosive coating 32 of first filtration and second filtration surface and locating third anticorrosive coating between supporter 1 and the first filter layer 21.
The first anticorrosive layer 31 and the second anticorrosive layer 32 are alloy thin films, and the alloy thin films are Ni-P alloy thin films; the third corrosion prevention layer is a metal coating arranged on the surface of the support body 1, and the metal coating is a chromium layer.
The thickness of the first anticorrosive layer 31 is 10-20 μm; the thickness of the second anticorrosive layer 32 is 10-20 μm.
The aperture of the first filtering structure is 30-50 μm, the aperture of the second filtering structure is 15-25 μm, and the aperture is as follows: the first filter structure > the second filter structure.
The support body 1 is a metal screen mesh with 50 meshes, 316L material and 0.6mm thickness.
The preparation method of the composite porous film comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing first slurry with the viscosity of 10000mPa & s by taking nickel alloy powder as raw material powder and CMC and SBR as binding agents, and then enabling a support body 1 carrying the first slurry to pass between two scrapers at the speed of 4m/min to obtain a first precursor;
(2) preparing a second slurry with the viscosity of 80mPa & s by taking nickel alloy powder as raw material powder and PVA as a binder, spraying the second slurry to one side of the first precursor, and drying to obtain a second precursor;
(3) rolling the second precursor;
(4) sintering the rolled second precursor: the first stage is at 200 deg.C for 80min, the second stage is at 600 deg.C for 60min, and the third stage is at 900 deg.C for 180min to obtain the third precursor;
(5) preparing Ni-P alloy catalytic liquid: comprises solvent, nickel salt, hypophosphite, buffer, complexing agent, ammonia potassium powder, sulfur powder, sodium iodide powder and wetting agent; and soaking the third precursor in a catalytic solution for 25min at 80-85 ℃, taking out, and baking at 120 ℃ for 4h to convert the catalytic solution into a Ni-P alloy film, namely forming a first anticorrosive layer 31 on the surface of the pores of the third precursor and a second anticorrosive layer 32 on the outer surface of the pores of the third precursor, thus obtaining the composite porous film.
The above Al sol can be prepared by, but is not limited to, the following methods:
pseudo-boehmite (AlOOH. nH) 2 O) is taken as a raw material, pseudo-boehmite is weighed according to the concentration of 10% -30% and added into deionized water, the temperature is controlled to be 30-50 ℃, a nitric acid solution is slowly dropped into the mixture under the stirring state, the concentration of the nitric acid solution is 5%, the pH value of the final solution is controlled to be 5-8, and the Al sol is formed after the stirring time is 0.5-1 h. Practice ofIn example 5, the concentration of the aqueous solution of the pseudo-boehmite is 20%, the temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, the final pH is 6, and the stirring is carried out for 1 h; soaking the third precursor in the Al sol in a vacuumizing mode to enable all pores of the third precursor to be filled with the Al sol, drying, and sintering at 500 ℃ for 1h to form Al 2 O 3 A film.
The above SiO 2 The sol can be prepared by the following preparation method without limitation:
volume ratio: ethyl orthosilicate: anhydrous ethanol: deionized water: dividing anhydrous ethanol into two parts, uniformly mixing one part of the anhydrous ethanol with ethyl orthosilicate to obtain solution A, and uniformly mixing the other part of the anhydrous ethanol with concentrated hydrochloric acid and deionized water to obtain solution B. Slowly dripping the solution A into the solution B while continuously stirring the solution B, sealing after the dripping is finished, and continuously stirring for 3 hours; then standing for 3 days to obtain SiO 2 And (3) sol.
The Ni-P alloy catalytic liquid can adopt, but is not limited to, the following formula:
the formula comprises water, nickel salt, sodium hypophosphite, a buffering agent, a complexing agent, ammonia potassium powder, sulfur powder, sodium iodide powder and a wetting agent. The component contents (weight ratio) in example 7 were: 90% of water, 2.8% of nickel sulfate, 2.6% of sodium hypophosphite, 1.4% of a buffering agent, 3.0% of a complexing agent, 0.14% of potassium amino powder, 0.002% of sulfur powder, 0.008% of sodium iodide powder and 0.05% of a wetting agent, wherein the complexing agent is citrate or sodium hexametaphosphate, and the buffering agent is a mixed solution of weak acid and salts thereof (such as HAc and NaAc) or a mixed solution of weak base and salts thereof (such as NH 3 ·H 2 O and NH 4 Cl) and a proper amount of wetting agent is silanol nonionic surfactant.
85% of the technical raw materials of the alloy catalytic liquid adopt food-grade additives, meet the ROSH standard, are nontoxic, do not generate three wastes, do not cause harm to human bodies and do not cause pollution to the environment.
In order to reduce the moving resistance of the support body 1 between the two blades before the first slurry is sufficiently filled in the pores of the support body 1, the interval between the two blades may be made larger than the thickness of the support body 1, and thus, the first filter layer 21 is provided on both the pore surface and the outer surface of the support body 1. For a flexible membrane (composite porous membrane with the total thickness of more than 200 mu m), the thickness of the first filter layer 21 on the outer surface of the support body 1 is preferably 0.035-0.05 mm; in the case of a paper-type membrane (composite porous membrane having a total thickness of 200 μm or less), the thickness of the first filter layer 21 on the outer surface of the support 1 is preferably 0.005 to 0.015 mm. If it is desired to form a thicker first filter layer 21 on the outer surface of the support body 1, the blade pitch can be further increased.
The stacking density of the powder can be improved and the aperture can be reduced by rolling. The thickness of the porous film can be further controlled by controlling and setting the rolling gap.
In examples 5 to 7, the reaction solution (Al sol, SiO) was accelerated 2 Sol and alloy catalytic liquid) enter the pores of the third precursor, and the flow of the reaction liquid is promoted by adopting a vacuumizing mode, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.1-1 kPa.
The contents of the present invention have been explained above. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these teachings. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the above description without inventive step, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the composite porous film comprises the following steps:
(1) obtaining first slurry, and then attaching the first slurry to a support body (1) to enable the pores of the support body (1) to be partially or completely filled with the first slurry, so as to obtain a first precursor;
(2) obtaining a second slurry, then attaching the second slurry to one side of the first precursor, and drying to obtain a second precursor;
(3) sintering, so that the first slurry is converted into a first filter layer (21), and the second slurry is converted into a second filter layer (22), thus obtaining a third precursor;
(4) loading a non-metallic oxide film anticorrosive layer on the outer surface and the pore surface of the third precursor to obtain the composite porous film;
viscosity: the first slurry is greater than the second slurry; pore diameter: the first filter structure is larger than the second filter structure; the first filter layer (21) and the second filter layer (22) are generated by synchronous sintering reaction of the same alloy raw material powder;
the non-metal oxide film is SiO 2 A film; the SiO 2 The film is made of SiO attached to the outer surface and/or pore surface of the third precursor 2 Sintering the sol to obtain the sol;
SiO 2 the preparation method of the sol comprises the following steps: obtaining raw materials, wherein the volume ratio of the raw materials is as follows: ethyl orthosilicate: anhydrous ethanol: deionized water: concentrated sulfuric acid =15:45:5: 0.07; dividing absolute ethyl alcohol into two parts, uniformly mixing one part of absolute ethyl alcohol with ethyl orthosilicate to obtain solution A, and uniformly mixing the other part of absolute ethyl alcohol with concentrated sulfuric acid and deionized water to obtain solution B; slowly dripping the solution A into the solution B while continuously stirring the solution B, sealing after dripping, and continuously stirring for 3 hours; then standing for 3 days to obtain SiO 2 Sol;
the third anti-corrosion layer is arranged between the support body (1) and the first filter layer (21); the third corrosion prevention layer is a metal coating arranged on the surface of the support body (1).
2. The method of preparing a composite porous membrane according to claim 1, wherein: the viscosity of the first slurry is 5000-15000 mPa & s; the viscosity of the second slurry is 40-80 mPas.
3. The method of preparing a composite porous membrane according to claim 2, wherein: step (1) attaching the first slurry to the support body (1) in a scraper blade coating mode; and (2) attaching a second slurry to one side of the first precursor in a spraying manner.
4. The method of preparing a composite porous membrane according to claim 1, wherein: the first slurry adopts a multi-component binder; the second slurry employs a one-component binder.
5. The method of preparing a composite porous membrane according to claim 4, wherein: the binder is selected from the group consisting of CMC, SBR, and PVA.
6. The method of preparing a composite porous membrane according to claim 1, wherein: the SiO 2 The thickness of the film is 10 to 20 μm.
7. The preparation method of the composite porous film comprises the following steps:
(1) taking alloy powder as raw material powder, taking CMC and SBR as binders, preparing first slurry with the viscosity of 5000-15000 mPa & s, and enabling a support body (1) carrying the first slurry to pass between two scrapers at the speed of 3-5 m/min to obtain a first precursor;
(2) preparing a second slurry with the viscosity of 40-80 mPa & s by taking alloy powder as raw material powder and PVA as a binder, spraying the second slurry to one side of the first precursor, and drying to obtain a second precursor;
(3) rolling the second precursor;
(4) sintering the rolled second precursor: in the first stage, the temperature is kept at 120-250 ℃ for 60-90 min, in the second stage, the temperature is kept at 500-600 ℃ for 60-120 min, and in the third stage, the temperature is kept at 900-1150 ℃ for 90-180 min, so that a third precursor is obtained; pore diameter: the first filter structure is larger than the second filter structure;
(5) soaking the third precursor in SiO 2 And taking out the sol, and sintering at 500-600 ℃, namely forming a first anticorrosive layer (31) on the surface of the pore of the third precursor and forming a second anticorrosive layer (32) on the outer surface of the pore of the third precursor, thus obtaining the composite porous film.
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