CN112566180B - Method for improving packet data transmission rate of TETRA system - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
- H04W28/065—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information using assembly or disassembly of packets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0006—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format
- H04L1/0007—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format by modifying the frame length
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/04—Protocols for data compression, e.g. ROHC
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
- H04L69/164—Adaptation or special uses of UDP protocol
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving packet data transmission rate of a TETRA system. The method is characterized in that: when a first data packet is sent between the MS and the PDC, both communication sides establish a connection address learning table locally, information which is fixed in a data packet header field or changes regularly is stored, after the learning table is established successfully, complete UDP data does not need to be sent again when data are sent subsequently, only a data part which changes compared with the previous data packet needs to be sent, and a receiving end recovers compressed data according to the header field information of the previous data packet stored locally, constructs a complete UDP data packet and submits the complete UDP data packet to an upper layer application. The TPDCP protocol of the invention compresses the IP header and the UDP header on the premise of not violating the TETRA standard packet protocol, thereby effectively reducing the transmission of repeated information at an empty port, and when the packet data load is smaller, the compression of the IP header and the UDP header can improve the transmission rate by more than one time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving packet data transmission rate of a TETRA system.
Background
The TETRA digital trunking communication system is a wireless trunking mobile communication system based on digital time division multiple access technology, and can provide a multi-group scheduling function, short data information service, digital voice service and packet data service for users. In a typical TETRA system, the grouping function is mainly used for image transmission, mobile internet, database query, and the like.
A typical transmission structure between network elements of packet data packets of a TETRA digital communication system is shown in fig. 1, where an MS, a BS, and a PDC are network elements forming part of the TETRA packet system, and a WAP is an external gateway interfacing with the TETRA packet system. And the MS and the BS send packet DATA packets through an air interface, IP, UDP and DATA form a standard UDP DATA packet, the UDP DATA packet is equivalent to application layer DATA of a TETRA packet system, an SNDCP header, an LLC header and an MAC header are added on the basis of the application layer DATA based on the TETRA packet protocol and are sent to the air interface, and the SNDCP header, the LLC header and the MAC header are standard DATA headers of the packet DATA packet of the TETRA system. After the BS receives the packet data packet from the air interface, the MAC header and the LLC header are removed, the GRE header is added, and the packet data packet is sent to the PDC, where GRE is a network data packet encapsulation protocol, which solves the problem of packet transmission in heterogeneous networks, and is not described in detail herein. The PDC removes GRE head and SNDCP head aiming at the treatment of the grouped data packet, restores the standard UDP data packet, and transmits the standard UDP data packet and the WAP gateway through the Ethernet.
The bottleneck of the transmission rate of packet data of the TETRA system is the air interface transmission limit, one frame of the air interface transmission full time slot of the TETRA system is 268 bits, except the proportion of a standard data head of the TETRA packet, and the application data exceeds a certain length, the packet data needs to be transmitted in segments. The IP header and UDP header in the application DATA amount to at least 28 bytes (the IP header is at least 20 bytes, and may be more), i.e. 224 bits, and occupy a considerable proportion of the load in the whole DATA packet, resulting in a significant reduction in the available packet DATA that can be transmitted per frame. If the byte ratio of the IP and UDP headers is reduced, the byte ratio of the valid packet DATA can be increased accordingly, thereby increasing the transmission rate of the packet DATA.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a technical scheme of a method for improving the packet data transmission rate of a TETRA system.
The method for improving the packet data transmission rate of the TETRA system is characterized in that: MS, BS, PDC are the network element component of the TETRA packet system, MS and PDC are the key network elements of packet data processing at the two ends of the packet communication of the TETRA system, TPDCP can not delete each domain in IP and UDP data headers at will in the packet transmission process, when the two communication sides establish effective connection, some information in the header domain of the data transmitted in the connection is fixed or regularly changed, when the first data packet is sent between MS and PDC, the two communication sides establish a connection address learning table locally, the information fixed or regularly changed in the header domain of the data packet is stored, the learning table is established successfully, the subsequent data sending does not need to send complete UDP data again, only the data part changed compared with the previous data packet needs to be sent, the receiving end recovers the compressed data according to the header domain information of the previous data packet stored locally, constructs a complete UDP data packet, and submits the complete UDP data packet to the upper application.
The method for improving the packet data transmission rate of the TETRA system is characterized in that the fixed or regularly changed information in the packet header field is as follows: the version number, the TTL and the protocol number in the IP header are fixed values and known, the total length of a message in the IP header, the header checksum and the increment, and the length and the check sum of a user datagram in the UDP header can be obtained through calculation, and the learning table is only required to store fixed information of a source IP, a destination IP, a source port and a destination port.
The method for improving the packet data transmission rate of the TETRA system is characterized in that the TPDCP records a source and a destination IP address of an IP head and a source and a destination port of a UDP head of a complete data packet in the packet transmission process, and after a receiving end receives a compressed data packet, the IP head and the UDP head of the data packet are recovered according to the source and the destination IP address of the IP head and the source and the destination port of the UDP head in a connection address learning table.
The method for improving the packet data transmission rate of the TETRA system is characterized in that: the TPDCP data head of two bytes is added in front of the IP head of the complete TPDCP data packet, and the IP head and the UDP head of the compressed TPDCP data packet are removed on the basis of the complete TPDCP data packet.
The method for improving the grouped data transmission rate of the TETRA system is characterized in that the TPDCP data head occupies two bytes, the first byte takes a value of 0x55 and is used for distinguishing the existing standard TCP/IP protocol head, the second byte is divided into two parts, the upper 4bit is Flag and is used for distinguishing an uncompressed data packet, a compressed data packet and a confirmation data packet, and the lower 4bit is Index and is used as the Index of different MSs.
The method for improving the packet data transmission rate of the TETRA system is characterized in that the Index is used for distinguishing different MSs, the Index occupies 4 bits, namely, one PDC supports 16 MSs to simultaneously perform packet service.
The method for improving the packet data transmission rate of the TETRA system is characterized in that the learning table is created as follows:
1) When MS sends the first data packet, it is packaged into complete TPDCP data packet, flag is set to 0x0, IP header and UDP header retain complete information, and send it to PDC, at the same time MS creates local transmission learning table;
2) The PDC receives the complete data packet, learns the data packet header and creates a receiving learning table, and then assembles the acknowledgement data packet to be sent to the MS to inform the MS that the complete packet is received, and meanwhile, the PDC removes the TPDCP header from the grouped data packet to recover a standard UDP packet;
3) The creating processes of the PDC sending learning table and the MS receiving learning table are the same as 1) and 2);
4) After receiving the confirmation data packet of the opposite end, the local end indicates that the opposite end has learned the head information of the packet link, and the local end can subsequently compress the TPDCP data packet for transmission;
5) When one end of the compressed packet is received, a complete UDP packet can be recovered according to a receiving learning table stored at the local end;
the MS and PDC are both ends of the packet communication, and the process and manner of creating the learning table are the same.
The bottleneck of the packet transmission rate of the TETRA system is the limitation of air interface transmission, the load that each frame of the air interface can bear is limited, and the IP data header and the UDP data header occupy a considerable load proportion. The TPDCP protocol of the invention compresses the IP header and the UDP header on the premise of not violating the TETRA standard packet protocol, thereby effectively reducing the transmission of repeated information at an air interface. When the packet data load is small, compressing the IP header and UDP header can increase the transmission rate by more than one time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a packet data transmission structure between network elements of a TETRA system;
fig. 2 is a diagram of a complete TPDCP packet data transmission structure;
fig. 3 is a diagram of a compressed TPDCP packet data transmission structure;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of TPDCP learning table creation:
fig. 5 is a state transition diagram of the TPDCP protocol.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
the TETRA standard header is not modifiable and compression of the application data portion of the packet may be considered to increase the transmission rate of the packet data. There are a lot of redundant information in the IP and UDP headers, and the destination IP address, source IP address, destination port, and source port of the data packet in the same direction are kept unchanged on the same transmission link. The transmission rate of packet data packets can be greatly increased if the repeated transmission of such information over the air interface can be reduced. Therefore, with reference to the PDCP protocol in the public network UMTS, the applicability improvement is based on that, a compression protocol TPDCP suitable for the IP header and UDP header of the TETRA packet data is provided to increase the transmission rate of packet data over the air in the TETRA trunked system.
The MS and PDC are important network elements for packet data processing as two ends of packet communication in the TETRA system, and the TPDCP protocol provided herein is mainly implemented at the two ends.
TPDCP protocol principle
Typically, each field in the IP and UDP headers is useful and cannot be deleted at will. However, after both communication parties establish an effective connection, some information in the header field of the data transmitted in the connection is fixed or regularly changed, based on this point, when a first data packet is sent, both communication parties establish a connection address learning table locally, the fixed or regularly changed information in the header field of the data packet is stored, the table to be learned is established successfully, the subsequent data sending does not need to send complete UDP data, only the changed data part compared with the previous data packet needs to be sent, and the receiving end recovers the compressed data according to the locally stored header field information of the previous data packet, constructs a complete UDP data packet, and submits the complete UDP data packet to the upper layer application.
Part of the information in the standard IP header and UDP header is fixed value or can be obtained by calculation. The version number, TTL, protocol number, etc. in the IP header are fixed values and known, and the total length of the message in the IP header, the header checksum, the increment, etc. and the length, the checksum, etc. of the user datagram in the UDP header may be obtained through calculation, so that the learning table may store the fixed information of the source IP, the destination IP, the source port, and the destination port.
Data structure
The TPDCP records the source and destination IP addresses of the IP head and the source and destination ports of the UDP head of the complete data packet in the packet transmission process, and after receiving the compressed data packet, the receiving end recovers the IP head and the UDP head of the data packet according to the source and destination IP addresses of the IP head and the source and destination ports of the UDP head in the connection address learning table.
The standard UDP packet includes an IP header, a UDP header, and data contents, as shown in the following table:
definition of IP header length refers to the TCP/IP protocol, which is not described in detail herein, and UDP header length is 8 bytes.
The TPDCP packet is modified for the standard UDP packet, and the complete TPDCP packet is added with a two-byte TPDCP header before the IP header, as shown in the following table:
complete TPDCP packet transmission structure as in fig. 2, the compressed TPDCP packet removes the IP header and UDP header on the basis of the complete TPDCP packet, as shown in the following table:
the structure of sending the data packet of the compressed TPDCP is shown in FIG. 3, the data head of the TPDCP occupies two bytes, the first byte takes the value of 0x55 and is used for distinguishing the existing standard TCP/IP protocol head, the second byte is divided into two parts, the higher 4bit is Flag and is used for distinguishing uncompressed data packets, compressed data packets and confirmed data packets, and the lower 4bit is Index and is used as the Index of different MSs.
The Flag values are as follows:
the Index is used to distinguish different MSs, and as a server, the PDC needs to consider a case where multiple MSs are connected and the multiple MSs simultaneously perform packet services. In the TPDCP protocol, index occupies 4 bits, i.e. one PDC supports 16 MSs to perform packet services simultaneously.
Learning table creation
As shown in fig. 4, both the local transmitting and receiving sides need to maintain two learning tables, one receiving learning table and one transmitting learning table, the local transmitting learning table is consistent with the opposite receiving learning table, and the local receiving learning table is consistent with the opposite transmitting learning table. For the possible access of multiple MS under one PDC, the learning table at the PDC side can be indexed by the address of the MS, and the receiving and transmitting learning lists are established, wherein the maximum number of the learning tables is 16 in each list.
The learning table is created as follows:
1) When MS sends the first data packet, it is packaged into complete TPDCP data packet, flag is set to 0x0, IP header and UDP header retain complete information, and send it to PDC, at the same time MS creates local transmission learning table;
2) The PDC receives the complete data packet, learns the data packet header and creates a receiving learning table, and then assembles the acknowledgement data packet to be sent to the MS to inform the MS that the complete packet is received, and meanwhile, the PDC removes the TPDCP header from the grouped data packet to recover a standard UDP packet;
3) The creating processes of the PDC sending learning table and the MS receiving learning table are the same as 1) and 2), and are not repeated;
4) An opposite end acknowledgement packet is received indicating that the opposite end has learned header information for the packet link. The local terminal can subsequently transmit the TPDCP data packet in a compression mode;
5) And when one end of the compressed packet is received, a complete UDP packet can be recovered according to the receiving learning table stored in the local end.
The MS and PDC are both ends of the packet communication, and the process and manner of creating the learning table are the same.
Data packet transmission
Based on the stability requirement of packet transmission in the TETRA system, the following two points need to be considered in the data packet transmission design:
(1) When packet loss occurs due to network instability or the network is disconnected, the two communication parties need to ensure normal communication after the network is recovered;
(2) When one end of each of the two communication parties is restarted unilaterally, the communication needs to be ensured to be recovered to be normal.
In order to meet the stability requirement, the sending end considers that one hundred compressed packets are sent every time, and then the whole packet is sent once for checking the learning table of the receiving end. If the receiving end receives the complete data packet, the receiving learning table is created if the receiving learning table is not available locally, and if the receiving learning table is available locally, whether the header information of the data packet is consistent with the information of the local receiving learning table is judged, and if the header information of the data packet is not consistent with the information of the local receiving learning table, the header learning of the data packet is restarted.
After the learning tables of the two communication parties are successfully created, the TPDCP data packets can be transmitted, and the receiving end recovers the complete IP header and the complete UDP header according to the local receiving table information aiming at the TPDCP data packets.
Protocol state
As shown in fig. 5, the TPDCP protocol has three states: reset, learning, complete, the three states can be switched to each other if the conditions are satisfied. Initially, the TPDCP is set to Reset state.
(1) When a session is established at two communication ends of a TETRA system, a high-level link connection is established, and data transmission is started when a PDP connection enters a Ready state, a TPDCP enters a Learning state, and packet header Learning is started, namely a Learning table establishing process;
(2) After the learning table is successfully created, the TPDCP enters a Complete state, and the TPDCP compresses the data packet in the state;
(3) The TPDCP protocol can match the header information of the data packet under the Complete state, and if the TPDCP fails to match, the TPDCP protocol is switched to a Learning state to restart the header Learning of the data packet;
(4) After the data transmission is finished, the PDP enters a Standby state, and the TPDCP is switched to a Reset state at the moment;
(5) Under the Learning state of the TPDCP protocol, if the PDP enters the Standby state, the data transmission is finished, and the TPDCP is set to the Reset state.
Interpretation of terms:
TETRA: trans European Trunked Radio, pan-Europe Trunked Radio
PDC: packet Data Controller, packet server
BS: base Station, base Station
MS: mobile Station
IP: internet Protocol, internet Protocol
UDP: user Datagram Protoco, user Datagram protocol
MAC: medium Access Control, media Access Control layer
Logical Link Control (LLC)
SNDCP: subnet Dependent Convergence Protocol (subnet Dependent Convergence Protocol)
GRE: general Routing Encapsulation protocol
WAP Wireless Application Protocol
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, universal Mobile Telecommunications System
PDP Packet Data Protocol
PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol
TPDCP: TETRA Packet Data Convergence Protocol, TETRA Packet Data Convergence Protocol.
Claims (4)
1. A method for increasing packet data transmission rate of TETRA system is characterized in that: MS, BS, PDC are the network element component of the TETRA packet system, MS and PDC are the key network element that the packet data packet is processed as the packet communication of TETRA system both ends, TPDCP is in the packet transmission process, every field in IP and UDP data header can't be deleted at will, after both sides of communication have set up the effective connection, some information in the header field of data that the connection transmits are fixed or change regularly, when sending the first data packet between MS and PDC, both sides of communication set up a connection address learning table locally, keep the information fixed or changing regularly in the header field of data packet, wait for learning table to set up successfully, the subsequent sending data does not need to send the complete UDP data again, only need to send the data portion that has changed compared with the previous data packet, the receiving end is according to the header field information of the previous data packet that is kept locally, the data after compressing is recovered, construct the complete UDP data packet, submit to the upper application;
adding a TPDCP data head of two bytes in front of an IP head of the complete TPDCP data packet, and removing the IP head and a UDP head of the compressed TPDCP data packet on the basis of the complete TPDCP data packet;
the TPDCP data head occupies two bytes, the first byte takes the value of 0x55 and is used for distinguishing the existing standard TCP/IP protocol head, the second byte is divided into two parts, the higher 4 bits are Flag and are used for distinguishing uncompressed data packets, compressed data packets and confirmation data packets, and the lower 4 bits are Index and are used as indexes of different MSs;
the fixed or regularly changing information in the header field of the data packet is as follows: the version number, the TTL and the protocol number in the IP header are fixed values and known, the total length of a message in the IP header, the header checksum and the increment, and the length and the check sum of a user datagram in the UDP header can be obtained through calculation, and the learning table is only required to store fixed information of a source IP, a destination IP, a source port and a destination port.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the TPDCP records the source and destination IP addresses of the IP header and the source and destination ports of the UDP header of the complete packet during packet transmission, and after receiving the compressed packet, recovers the IP header and the UDP header of the packet according to the source and destination IP addresses of the IP header and the source and destination ports of the UDP header in the connection address learning table.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the Index is used to distinguish different MSs, and the Index occupies 4 bits, that is, one PDC supports 16 MSs simultaneously performing packet services.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the learning table is created as follows:
1) When MS sends the first data packet, it is packaged into complete TPDCP data packet, flag is set to 0x0, IP header and UDP header retain complete information, and send it to PDC, at the same time MS creates local transmission learning table;
2) The PDC receives the complete data packet, learns the data packet header and creates a receiving learning table, and then assembles the acknowledgement data packet to be sent to the MS to inform the MS that the complete packet is received, and meanwhile, the PDC removes the TPDCP header from the grouped data packet to recover a standard UDP packet;
3) The creating processes of the PDC sending the learning table and the MS receiving the learning table are the same as 1) and 2);
4) After receiving the confirmation data packet of the opposite end, the local end indicates that the opposite end has learned the head information of the packet link, and the local end can subsequently compress the TPDCP data packet for transmission;
5) When one end of the compressed packet is received, a complete UDP packet can be recovered according to a receiving learning table stored at the local end;
the MS and PDC are both ends of the packet communication, and the process and manner of creating the learning table are the same.
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| US6839339B1 (en) * | 2000-02-02 | 2005-01-04 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Header compression for general packet radio service tunneling protocol (GTP)-encapsulated packets |
| US20020001315A1 (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2002-01-03 | Tran Hung V. | Method and apparatus for compressing IP/UDP/RTP headers in a lossy environment |
| CN101350812B (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2012-06-27 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | Data transmission method, communication apparatus and communication system |
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| KR102192165B1 (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2020-12-16 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Apparatus and method for processing header compressed packet in eletronic device |
| CN104618961A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-13 | 普天信息技术有限公司 | Single-channel TCP/ IP header compression method and system for intelligent power grid |
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| US6967964B1 (en) * | 2000-10-03 | 2005-11-22 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Context identification using header compression key at link layer |
| CN101072188A (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2007-11-14 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for realizing data package compression/decompression |
| WO2010031324A1 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2010-03-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for data transmission |
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