CN112564268A - Internet of things tracker terminal equipment - Google Patents
Internet of things tracker terminal equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112564268A CN112564268A CN202011521498.8A CN202011521498A CN112564268A CN 112564268 A CN112564268 A CN 112564268A CN 202011521498 A CN202011521498 A CN 202011521498A CN 112564268 A CN112564268 A CN 112564268A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an Internet of things tracker terminal device, which comprises: the power supply switching unit comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end; the main power supply is connected with the first input end of the power supply switching unit and the power supply switching detection unit; the voltage conversion unit is connected with the second input end of the power supply switching circuit and the standby power supply; the control unit is connected with the output end of the power supply switching unit and the voltage conversion unit; the power supply switching detection unit is connected with the first input end of the power supply switching unit, the output end of the power supply switching unit and the voltage conversion unit, and is used for starting the voltage conversion unit when detecting that the voltage of the main power supply is abnormal, and supplying the electric energy of the standby power supply to the control unit through the voltage conversion unit and the power supply switching circuit. The internet of things tracker terminal equipment can reduce the power consumption of the internet of things tracker terminal equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technology of the Internet of things, in particular to terminal equipment of an Internet of things tracker.
Background
The internet of things is a research hotspot in recent years, and aims to realize the ubiquitous connection of objects and people and realize the intelligent perception, identification and management of the objects and the processes. The tracker terminal is used as important terminal equipment in industries such as Internet of things and Internet of vehicles, has the functions of positioning, information acquisition and transmission and the like, can be applied to industries such as mobile logistics and vehicle-mounted products, and can realize the functions of positioning, tracking, track reporting, communication with a mobile terminal (such as a mobile phone) and the like. The tracker terminal, which is not powered by an external power source and needs to operate for a long time after being installed, needs to have the characteristics of high reliability and low power consumption.
An additional tamper detection unit is required in the conventional tracker terminal to detect whether the power supply is in place. The anti-dismantling detection unit is usually realized in a light sensation mode and the like, the power consumption of the tracker terminal equipment also needs to be reduced during working, the power consumption of the tracker terminal equipment is increased, and the cruising ability of the tracker terminal equipment is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, in order to reduce the consumption of thing networking tracker terminal equipment, improve its duration, provide a new thing networking tracker terminal equipment.
An internet of things tracker terminal device comprising: the power supply switching unit comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end; the main power supply is connected with the first input end of the power supply switching unit and the power supply switching detection unit; the voltage conversion unit is connected with the second input end of the power supply switching circuit and the standby power supply; the control unit is connected with the output end of the power supply switching unit and the voltage conversion unit; the power supply switching detection unit is connected with the first input end of the power supply switching unit, the output end of the power supply switching unit and the voltage conversion unit, and is used for starting the voltage conversion unit when detecting that the voltage of the main power supply is abnormal, and supplying the electric energy of the standby power supply to the control unit through the voltage conversion unit and the power supply switching circuit.
Above-mentioned thing networking tracker terminal equipment through mutually supporting between power switching detecting element, power switching unit, voltage transformation unit and the control unit, has realized the detection in place to the main power supply, need not additionally to set up and prevents tearing open detecting element, has reduced thing networking tracker terminal equipment's consumption, has improved equipment duration.
In one embodiment, the internet of things tracker terminal device further comprises a first switch unit; the main power supply is connected to the power supply switching unit and the power supply switching detection unit through the first switch unit.
In one embodiment, the internet of things tracker terminal device further comprises a radio frequency unit; the radio frequency unit is connected with the voltage conversion unit and the control unit.
In one embodiment, the terminal device of the internet of things tracker further comprises a second switch unit, wherein the second switch unit is connected with the first switch unit, the standby power supply, the voltage conversion unit and the control unit and used for being closed according to a control signal sent by the control unit, so that the main power supply and the standby power supply are connected in parallel and then jointly supply power to the radio frequency unit through the voltage conversion unit, or the main power supply stops supplying power to the radio frequency unit according to the control signal sent by the control unit.
In one embodiment, the power switching detection unit includes: the circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a first MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube and a second MOS tube, wherein the first end of the first resistor is connected with a first switch unit, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded; the control end of the first MOS tube is connected with the second end of the first resistor and the first end of the second resistor, the first end of the first MOS tube is connected with the first end of the third resistor, and the second end of the first MOS tube is grounded; the control end of the second MOS tube is connected with the second end of the third resistor and the first end of the fourth resistor, the first end of the second MOS tube is connected with the second end of the fourth resistor and the output end of the power supply switching circuit, and the second end of the second MOS tube and the first end of the fifth resistor are connected and then jointly used as the output end of the power supply switching detection circuit; the second end of the fifth resistor is grounded.
In one embodiment, the power switching unit includes: the diode comprises a first diode and a second diode, wherein the anode of the first diode is connected with the first switch unit; the anode of the second diode is connected with the output end of the voltage conversion unit, and the cathode of the second diode is connected with the cathode of the first diode and then is used as the output end of the power supply switching circuit.
In one embodiment, the internet of things tracker terminal device further includes: the triode, the sixth resistor and the seventh resistor; an emitting electrode of the triode is connected with the standby power supply, and a collector electrode of the triode is connected with the first switch unit through a sixth resistor; and the base electrode of the triode is connected with the first switch unit through a seventh resistor.
In one embodiment, the primary power source is a replaceable battery, including a lithium-subtype battery; the backup power source includes a super capacitor.
In one embodiment, the internet of things tracker terminal device further includes: and the display unit is connected with the control unit and the power supply switching unit and is used for displaying the power supply use information.
In one embodiment, the internet of things tracker terminal device further includes: and the sensor unit is connected with the control unit and the power supply switching unit and used for checking the external environment of the terminal equipment of the tracker of the Internet of things and determining whether to awaken the control unit according to a checking result.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an internet of things tracker terminal device in an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a terminal device of an internet of things tracker in another embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a terminal device of an internet of things tracker in another embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a terminal device of an internet of things tracker in another embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an internal circuit of a power switching detection unit in the terminal device of the internet of things tracker according to an embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an internal circuit of a power switching unit in the terminal device of the internet of things tracker according to an embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of an internet of things tracker terminal device in an embodiment.
Reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which: 11. a main power supply; 12. a power supply switching detection unit; 13. a power switching unit; 14. a control unit; 15. a standby power supply; 16. a voltage conversion unit; 17. a first switch unit; 18. a radio frequency unit; 19. a second switching unit; r1, a first resistor; r2, a second resistor; r3, third resistor; r4, fourth resistor; r5, fifth resistor; r6, sixth resistor; r7, seventh resistor; q1, a first MOS tube; q2 and a second MOS tube; q3, triode; d1, a first diode; d2, a second diode.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In describing positional relationships, unless otherwise specified, when an element such as a layer, film or substrate is referred to as being "on" another layer, it can be directly on the other layer or intervening layers may also be present. Further, when a layer is referred to as being "under" another layer, it can be directly under, or one or more intervening layers may also be present. It will also be understood that when a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers, or one or more intervening layers may also be present.
Where the terms "comprising," "having," and "including" are used herein, another element may be added unless an explicit limitation is used, such as "only," "consisting of … …," etc. Unless mentioned to the contrary, terms in the singular may include the plural and are not to be construed as being one in number.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides an internet of things tracker terminal device, including: the power supply switching device comprises a main power supply 11, a standby power supply 15, a power supply switching unit 13, a voltage conversion unit 16, a control unit 14 and a power supply switching detection unit 12, wherein the power supply switching unit 13 comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end; the main power supply 11 is connected with a first input end of the power supply switching unit 13 and the power supply switching detection unit 12; the voltage conversion unit 16 is connected with the second input end of the power supply switching circuit and the standby power supply 15; the control unit 14 is connected with the output end of the power supply switching unit 13 and the voltage conversion unit 16; the power switching detection unit 12 is connected to a first input terminal of the power switching unit 13, an output terminal of the power switching unit 13, and the voltage conversion unit 16, and is configured to, when detecting that the voltage of the main power supply 11 is abnormal, start the voltage conversion unit 16, and supply the electric energy of the backup power supply 15 to the control unit 14 through the voltage conversion unit 16 and the power switching circuit.
In this embodiment, the power switching detection unit 12 is connected to the first input terminal of the power switching unit 13, the output terminal of the power switching unit 13, and the voltage conversion unit 16, so as to implement on-site detection and/or voltage change detection of the main power 11. When the main power supply 11 is in place and the voltage is normal, the main power supply 11 supplies power to a first input terminal of the power supply switching unit 13 and a first input terminal of the power supply switching detection unit 12. The internal circuit of the power switching detection unit 12 is turned on, so that the output end of the power switching detection circuit is short-circuited with the second input end thereof. Meanwhile, the output terminal of the power supply switching unit 13 outputs the voltage supplied from the main power supply 11 to the second input terminal of the control unit 14 and the power supply switching detection unit 12. At this time, since the output terminal of the power switching detection unit 12 is short-circuited to the second input terminal thereof and the power switching unit 13 supplies the voltage supplied from the main power supply 11 to the second input terminal of the power switching detection unit 12 through the output terminal thereof, the output terminal of the power switching detection circuit outputs a high voltage. The voltage conversion unit 16 receives the high level signal and is not woken up.
When the main power supply 11 is forcibly detached by an external force, the first input terminals of the power supply switching unit 13 and the power supply switching detection unit 12 both become low levels, and the internal circuit of the power supply switching detection circuit is not turned on any more, so that the output terminal of the power supply switching detection circuit and the second input terminal of the power supply switching detection circuit become open-circuit connection, that is, the voltage output to the power supply switching detection unit 12 by the power supply switching unit 13 cannot influence the voltage of the output terminal of the power supply switching detection unit 12 any more. At this time, the output terminal of the power switching detection unit 12 is grounded through a resistor, and the output terminal level is forced to be lowered to zero. At this time, the voltage conversion unit 16 receives the low level signal and wakes up to start operating.
Alternatively, the voltage conversion unit 16 may be a DC/DC power converter, which starts to operate after receiving the low level signal, and after performing DC/DC voltage conversion on the voltage provided by the backup power supply 15, continues to supply power to the control unit 14 through the power switching unit 13, and completes switching from the main power supply 11 to the backup power supply 15.
In the above power supply switching process, the control unit 14 may acquire information that the main power supply 11 is not in place according to at least two signal changes. Firstly, before and after the main power source 11 is removed, the power supply voltage supplied to the control unit 14 may be different (for example, the voltage is high when the main power source 11 supplies power, and the voltage is low when the backup power source 15 supplies power); secondly, after the main power supply 11 is removed, a certain time gap must exist until the standby power supply 15 starts to supply power to the control unit 14, the control unit 14 is in a power-off state, and the control unit 14 can recognize the power-off state. Therefore, by detecting the above two signal changes, the control unit 14 can determine that the main power supply 11 is in place with the aid of the power supply switching detection unit 12, the power supply switching unit 13 and the voltage conversion unit 16, without using a special anti-removal detection unit, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal device of the tracker of the internet of things. In an alternative embodiment, the output terminal of the power switching detection unit 12 may also be directly connected to the control unit 14 (not shown in the figure), and the high level signal or the low level signal at the output terminal of the power switching detection unit 12 is provided to the control unit 14. Based on this signal, control unit 14 can determine that main power supply 11 is in place.
In addition, the terminal device of the internet of things tracker in this embodiment may also complete the switching of the power supply when the electric quantity of the main power supply 11 is insufficient. When the main power supply 11 is low in power, it is unable to provide normal operating voltage for other circuit units, and the level of the first input terminal of the power supply switching detection unit 12 is continuously decreased. When the output voltage of the main power supply 11 is reduced to the first voltage, the internal circuit of the power supply switching detection unit 12 is turned off, the short-circuit connection between the output terminal of the power supply switching detection unit 12 and the second input terminal thereof is changed into the open-circuit connection, and at this time, the output terminal of the power supply switching detection unit 12 is forcibly pulled down through a resistor to ground, and a low level is output. In a similar way to the above-described switching of the power supply, the internet of things tracker terminal device completes the switching of the main power supply 11 to the standby power supply 15. Optionally, the first voltage may be one half, one third, or two thirds of the normal operating voltage, and a person skilled in the art may perform corresponding adjustment according to actual needs, which is not limited in this application.
Since the control unit 14 is connected to the output terminal of the power switching unit 13, when the main power supply 11 is switched to the backup power supply 15 due to low power, the input voltage of the control unit 14 is first reduced and then changed to the voltage supplied by the backup power supply 15. If the main power supply 11 is removed in the normal operation state, the input voltage of the control unit 14 does not have the above-mentioned voltage drop phase. Thus, it is possible to determine whether to switch to the backup power supply 15 because the main power supply 11 is removed or because the main power supply 11 is low in power.
The internet of things tracker terminal equipment in this implementation, through mutually supporting between power switching detecting unit 12, power switching unit 13, voltage transformation unit 16 and the control unit 14, realized the detection in place to main power supply 11, need not additionally to set up and prevent tearing open the detecting unit, reduced internet of things tracker terminal equipment's consumption, improved duration.
In one example, as shown in fig. 2, on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 1, a first switch unit 17 is added, and the main power supply 11 is connected to the power supply switching unit 13 and the power supply switching detection unit 12 through the first switch unit 17.
According to transportation and storage safety specifications, the internet of things tracker terminal equipment needs to be shut down or power-off for transportation when leaving a factory, but the traditional internet of things tracker terminal equipment is not provided with a switch key, and an internal main power supply 11 is usually unplugged. This results in that the user needs to reinstall the main power supply 11 when installing the device, which reduces the convenience of using the internet of things tracker device, and if the main power supply 11 is installed loosely, it may result in the deterioration of the antistatic and waterproof capabilities of the product. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a switch unit between the main power supply 11 and other circuit configurations of the apparatus to solve the above-described problem. In this embodiment, the first switch unit 17 is connected between the main power supply 11 and other circuit configurations, and is used to control whether the main power supply 11 is connected to the circuit. Alternatively, the first switching unit 17 may be a mechanical key switch. Alternatively, the first switching unit 17 may be an electronic switch. Preferably, in this embodiment, the first switch unit 17 is a mechanical key switch, and the mechanical key switch is kept in an off state when the terminal device of the internet of things tracker leaves a factory, and is matched with an external structure to protect the terminal device of the internet of things tracker from being touched or pressed by mistake. In addition, the initial state of the voltage converting unit 16 is set to an off state, and needs to be activated by an external signal. Therefore, the condition that the terminal equipment of the Internet of things tracker is in a complete power-off state when leaving a factory can be ensured. After the user installs the terminal device, the mechanical key switch is pressed down, the main power supply 11 is connected into the circuit, and power supply is started for the terminal device of the tracker of the internet of things.
Through setting up first switch unit 17, can realize that thing networking tracker terminal equipment keeps the shutdown state when leaving the factory, need not to demolish main power source 11, the installation that has avoided the user to appear when reinstalling main power source 11 is not tight leads to the problem that antistatic performance and waterproof ability worsen, has improved thing networking tracker terminal equipment's convenience of use.
In one example, as shown in fig. 3, the internet of things tracker terminal device further includes a radio frequency unit 18, and the radio frequency unit 18 is connected with the voltage transformation unit 16 and the control unit 14. When the main power supply 11 is removed or normal power supply cannot be achieved due to low electric quantity, the terminal equipment of the internet of things tracker switches to the standby power supply 15, and sends data through the radio frequency unit 18 to report the current equipment state to a user. Specifically, the standby power supply 15 supplies power to the radio frequency unit 18 through the voltage conversion unit 16, and the control unit 14 supplies data to be transmitted to the radio frequency unit 18. The information conveyed in the data may include: the current position, the electric quantity information of the standby power supply 15, the remaining endurance time, the presence or absence of the main power supply 11 and the like, so that a user can know the use condition of the terminal equipment of the tracker of the internet of things in time. In addition, the radio frequency unit 18 is also configured to transmit data received by the antenna to the control unit 14, so as to execute a control instruction sent by a user.
In an example, as shown in fig. 4, on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the internet of things tracker terminal device further includes a second switch unit 19, where the second switch unit 19 is connected to the first switch unit 17, the standby power supply 15, the voltage conversion unit 16, and the control unit 14, and is configured to be turned on according to a control signal sent by the control unit 14, so that the main power supply 11 and the standby power supply 15 are connected in parallel and then jointly supply power to the radio frequency unit 18 through the voltage conversion unit 16, or turned off according to the control signal sent by the control unit 14, so that the main power supply 11 stops supplying power to the radio frequency unit 18.
In the actual working process of the internet of things tracker terminal device, in order to improve the stability when the radio frequency unit 18 sends data, the main power supply 11 and the standby power supply 15 may be connected in parallel to jointly supply power to the radio frequency unit 18. Specifically, when the terminal device of the internet of things tracker needs to send data to the remote server or the cloud, the control unit 14 first sends a control instruction to the second switch unit 19, so that the second switch unit 19 is closed (the second switch unit 19 may be an electronic switch), and the main power supply 11 is connected in parallel with the backup power supply 15. Subsequently, the control unit 14 sends a control instruction to the voltage conversion unit 16, controls the voltage conversion unit 16 to start operating, performs DC/DC voltage conversion on the voltage output after the main power supply 11 and the backup power supply 15 are connected in parallel, and supplies the converted voltage to the radio frequency unit 18, so as to provide the voltage required for data transmission for the radio frequency unit 18.
In the present embodiment, by connecting the main power supply 11 and the backup power supply 15 in parallel, the transient discharge capability of the main power supply 11 can be improved, stable voltage supply to the radio frequency unit 18 can be realized, and the stability of the data transmission signal can be ensured.
In one example, as shown in fig. 5, the power supply switching detection unit 12 includes: a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a first MOS transistor Q1 and a second MOS transistor Q2, wherein a first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first switch unit 17, a second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to a first end of the second resistor R2, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded; a control end of the first MOS transistor Q1 is connected with a second end of the first resistor R1 and a first end of the second resistor R2, a first end of the first MOS transistor Q1 is connected with a first end of the third resistor R3, and a second end of the first MOS transistor Q1 is grounded; the control end of the second MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the second end of the third resistor R3 and the first end of the fourth resistor R4, the first end of the second MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the second end of the fourth resistor R4 and the output end of the power switching circuit, and the second end of the second MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the first end of the fifth resistor R5 and then is used as the output end of the power switching detection circuit; the second terminal of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to ground.
IN fig. 5, the IN1 and IN2 terminals refer to the first and second input terminals, respectively, of the power switching detecting unit 12, and the OUT terminal refers to the output terminal of the power switching detecting unit 12. The first MOS transistor Q1 may be an NMOS transistor, and the second MOS transistor Q2 may be a PMOS transistor. Taking the first MOS transistor Q1 as an NMOS transistor and the second MOS transistor Q2 as a PMOS transistor as an example, the specific operation mode of the power switching detection unit 12 is as follows:
when the main power supply 11 is operating normally, both the first input terminal and the output terminal of the power supply switching unit 13 are at a high level. The IN1 terminal IN fig. 5 is also at a high level, and the gate voltage of the NMOS transistor reaches the turn-on voltage through the voltage division of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, and the NMOS transistor is turned on. The gate voltage of the PMOS transistor is grounded through the third resistor R3, and is pulled low by force, so that the PMOS transistor is turned on, and therefore, the OUT terminal and the IN2 terminal are connected IN a short circuit. According to the embodiment shown IN fig. 1, the output terminal of the power switching unit 13 is connected to the second input terminal (terminal IN 2) of the power switching detection unit 12, so that the voltage at the terminal IN2 is the same as the output voltage of the power switching unit 13, and is at a high level. Since the OUT terminal is short-circuited to the IN2 terminal, the power supply switching detection unit 12 outputs a high level signal.
When the power of the main power supply 11 is low to a certain degree, the output voltage of the main power supply 11 cannot provide a sufficiently high turn-on voltage for the gate of the PMOS transistor, and the NMOS transistor will be turned off. The output voltage of the power supply is input to the second input terminal (terminal IN 2) of the power supply switching detection unit 12 through the output terminal of the power supply switching unit 13. At this time, although the output voltage of the power supply cannot provide a sufficiently high turn-on voltage for the gate of the NMOS transistor, the output voltage of the power supply does not yet decrease to the on-voltage of the gate of the PMOS transistor, so that the gate voltage of the PMOS transistor is pulled high by the fourth resistor R4, and the PMOS transistor is in an off state. The OUT terminal and the IN2 terminal are IN an open circuit connection state. Since the OUT terminal is also grounded through the fifth resistor R5, in the absence of an externally supplied voltage, the level of the OUT terminal is zero, and the output terminal of the power supply switching detection unit 12 outputs a low level.
When the main power supply 11 is removed, the IN1 end is a low level signal, and according to the analysis, the NMOS transistor is turned off; the terminal IN2 is also a low-level signal, the gate voltage of the PMOS transistor is pulled low through the fourth resistor R4, and the PMOS transistor is turned on, resulting IN the short-circuit connection between the terminal OUT and the terminal IN 2. Since the IN2 terminal is low, the OUT terminal is also low. The output terminal of the power supply switching detection unit 12 outputs a low level signal.
Through the circuit design in this embodiment, the power supply switching detection unit 12 can detect the on-site condition of the main power supply 11 and the abnormal condition of the power supply in time, and output a high level or a low level through the output end thereof to notify an external circuit to make a corresponding adjustment. In addition, no power consumption element is arranged in the power supply switching detection voltage in the embodiment, so that the anti-dismantling detection unit in the traditional internet of things tracker terminal equipment can be replaced, the overall power consumption of the equipment is reduced, and the cruising ability of the equipment is further improved.
In one example, the power switching unit 13 may be implemented by a diode switching circuit, or may be implemented by an alternative switching integrated circuit. Preferably, the power switching unit 13 is implemented by a diode switching circuit. As shown in fig. 6, the power supply switching unit 13 includes: a first diode D1 and a second diode D2, wherein the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first switching unit 17; the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage converting unit 16, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1 and then used as the output terminal of the power switching circuit.
The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first switching unit 17 or the main power supply 11, and the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage conversion unit 16. The output terminal of the power supply switching unit 13 outputs the higher value of the voltage at the input terminal of the first diode D1 and the voltage at the input terminal of the second diode D2. The first diode D1 and the second diode D2 may prevent the voltage at the output terminal of the power switching unit 13 from flowing backward to the input terminal of the power switching unit 13.
In one example, as shown in fig. 7, on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the internet of things tracker terminal device further includes: a triode Q3, a sixth resistor R6 and a seventh resistor R7; an emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with the standby power supply 15, and a collector of the triode Q3 is connected with the first switching unit 17 through a sixth resistor R6; the base of the transistor Q3 is connected to the first switching unit 17 via a seventh resistor R7.
When the power of the main power supply 11 is used up and taken out for replacement, the standby power supply 15 supplies power to the terminal equipment of the internet of things tracker, and a part of the power in the standby power supply 15 is consumed. At this time, if the main power supply 11 and the backup power supply 15 are connected in parallel via the second switching unit 19 immediately after the new and fully charged main power supply 11 is installed and the radio frequency unit 18 is supplied with power to perform data transmission, the level of the main power supply 11 may be lowered by the backup power supply 15 having a low power (due to an excessive current between the main power supply 11 and the backup power supply 15), which may cause an unstable power supply voltage and fail to ensure stability of a data transmission signal. Therefore, in this case, the control unit 14 controls the second switch unit 19 to be turned off, so that the main power supply 11 and the standby power supply 15 are connected through a transistor circuit (i.e., the transistor Q3, the sixth resistor and the seventh resistor R7). The low current connection between the main power supply 11 and the standby power supply 15 can be realized through the triode circuit, and the situation that the level of the main power supply 11 is not easy to be abnormally pulled down by the standby power supply 15 can be prevented. In addition, by adjusting the amplification factors of the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7 and the triode Q3, the maximum current flowing through the triode Q3 can be set so as to meet the normal working requirement of the system.
In one example, the main power supply 11 in the embodiment of fig. 1 is a replaceable external battery, and in particular, a lithium-type battery may be used. Compared with the traditional lithium battery or lithium manganese battery, the lithium subtype battery has wider working temperature range, can stably work at the limit temperature of 100 ℃ or minus 40 ℃, and has higher reliability. Moreover, the self-discharge rate of the lithium-type batteries is lower, only 1% per year, and therefore, the storage life is longer. The lithium-subtype battery discharges at a small current, and the battery level is kept stable during discharging and does not change linearly with the electric quantity. And, the cost of the lithium sub-type battery is also lower than that of the conventional lithium battery or lithium manganese battery.
The backup power supply 15 is generally not replaceable and may be a super capacitor. In particular, to reduce cost and energy consumption during charging of the backup power source 15, a super capacitor battery with a small capacity is selected. Since the capacitive battery may self-discharge after a period of time, in order to avoid a situation where the backup power supply 15 is low when the backup power supply 15 needs to be used, the main power supply 11 periodically charges the backup power supply 15 to refresh the power of the backup power supply 15. Traditional thing networking tracker terminal equipment often adopts the super capacitor battery of large capacity, and the electric quantity of loss is also bigger in the self-discharge phenomenon, and the electric energy that is used for compensating the self-discharge loss in main power source 11 is also more, has objectively reduced thing networking tracker terminal equipment's time of endurance. Therefore, the charging loss of the standby battery can be reduced and the whole cruising time of the equipment can be improved by adopting the super capacitor battery with small capacity.
In one example, the internet of things tracker terminal device further includes a display unit, and the display unit is connected with the control unit 14 and the power switching unit 13 and is used for displaying the power usage information. The displayable power usage information includes: the type of power currently being used, the remaining capacity of the power currently being used, etc. The display means includes, but is not limited to, a smart display screen and/or LED lights.
In one example, the terminal device of the internet of things tracker further includes a sensor unit, and the sensor unit is connected to the control unit 14 and the power switching unit 13, and is configured to check an external environment of the terminal device of the internet of things tracker, and determine whether to wake up the control unit 14 according to a check result. Specifically, when the terminal device of the internet of things tracker is in the standby state, the control unit 14 controls the second switching unit 19 and the voltage transformation unit 16 to be turned off at the same time, and the control unit 14 itself enters the sleep state, so as to reduce the system power consumption to the maximum extent. When the sensor unit detects that the external state changes (for example, displacement change or acceleration change is detected, or ambient temperature and humidity obviously change), the control unit 14 can be awakened in time, the whole internet of things tracker terminal device is activated through the control unit 14, a signal is sent outwards, and the current position is reported.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An internet of things tracker terminal device, comprising: a main power supply, a standby power supply, a power supply switching unit, a voltage conversion unit, a control unit and a power supply switching detection unit, wherein,
the power supply switching unit comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end;
the main power supply is connected with a first input end of the power supply switching unit and the power supply switching detection unit;
the voltage conversion unit is connected with the second input end of the power supply switching circuit and the standby power supply;
the control unit is connected with the output end of the power supply switching unit and the voltage conversion unit;
the power supply switching detection unit is connected with the first input end of the power supply switching unit, the output end of the power supply switching unit and the voltage conversion unit, and is used for starting the voltage conversion unit when detecting that the voltage of the main power supply is abnormal, and supplying the electric energy of the standby power supply to the control unit through the voltage conversion unit and the power supply switching circuit.
2. The internet of things tracker terminal device of claim 1 further comprising a first switch unit; the main power supply is connected to the power supply switching unit and the power supply switching detection unit through the first switch unit.
3. The IOT tracker terminal device of claim 2 further comprising a radio frequency unit; the radio frequency unit is connected with the voltage conversion unit and the control unit.
4. The IOT tracker terminal device of claim 3, further comprising a second switch unit, wherein the second switch unit is connected to the first switch unit, the standby power supply, the voltage conversion unit and the control unit, and is configured to be turned on according to a control signal sent by the control unit, so that the main power supply and the standby power supply are connected in parallel and then jointly supply power to the RF unit through the voltage conversion unit, or be turned off according to a control signal sent by the control unit, so that the main power supply stops supplying power to the RF unit.
5. The IOT tracker terminal device of any of claims 2-4 wherein said power switch detection unit comprises: a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a first MOS transistor and a second MOS transistor,
the first end of the first resistor is connected with the first switch unit, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded;
the control end of the first MOS tube is connected with the second end of the first resistor and the first end of the second resistor, the first end of the first MOS tube is connected with the first end of the third resistor, and the second end of the first MOS tube is grounded;
the control end of the second MOS tube is connected with the second end of the third resistor and the first end of the fourth resistor, the first end of the second MOS tube is connected with the second end of the fourth resistor and the output end of the power supply switching circuit, and the second end of the second MOS tube and the first end of the fifth resistor are connected and then jointly used as the output end of the power supply switching detection circuit;
and the second end of the fifth resistor is grounded.
6. The IOT tracker terminal device of any of claims 2-4 wherein said power switching unit comprises: a first diode and a second diode, wherein,
the anode of the first diode is connected with the first switch unit;
and the anode of the second diode is connected with the output end of the voltage conversion unit, and the cathode of the second diode is connected with the cathode of the first diode and then is used as the output end of the power supply switching circuit.
7. An internet of things tracker terminal device as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4 further comprising: the triode, the sixth resistor and the seventh resistor; an emitting electrode of the triode is connected with the standby power supply, and a collector electrode of the triode is connected with the first switch unit through the sixth resistor; and the base electrode of the triode is connected with the first switch unit through the seventh resistor.
8. The internet of things tracker terminal device of claim 1 wherein said primary power source is a replaceable battery comprising a lithium-subtype battery; the backup power source includes a super capacitor.
9. The internet of things tracker terminal device of claim 8, further comprising: and the display unit is connected with the control unit and the power supply switching unit and is used for displaying the power supply use information.
10. The internet of things tracker terminal device of claim 8, further comprising: and the sensor unit is connected with the control unit and the power supply switching unit and used for checking the external environment of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things tracker and determining whether to awaken the control unit or not according to a checking result.
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| CN112564268B (en) | 2023-06-30 |
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