CN112563859A

CN112563859A - Device for fine grinding electric brush of three-phase brush type synchronous generator

Info

Publication number: CN112563859A
Application number: CN202011572175.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓为
Original assignee: Shaanxi Aero Electric Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shaanxi Aero Electric Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-27
Filing date: 2020-12-27
Publication date: 2021-03-26

Abstract

The invention provides a device for accurately grinding electric brushes of a three-phase synchronous generator with brushes, which comprises a table body, an electric motor, two belt hoops, a transmission belt and a mounting disc, wherein the table body is provided with a plurality of grooves; the table body is a supporting part of the whole device and is provided with a horizontal base and a vertical surface; the motor is a power source of the whole device and is arranged on the horizontal base of the table body; one end of the mounting disc is provided with an outer circle spigot and mounting holes arranged around the outer circle spigot, and the mounting disc is fixed on the vertical surface of the platform body; the output shaft of the motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with the first band clamp, the second band clamp is coaxially fixed at one end of the transmission shaft, and the first band clamp and the second band clamp are transmitted through a transmission belt; the other end of the transmission shaft penetrates through the centering hole of the vertical surface of the table body, extends into the mounting disc, is supported by the bearing and is used for being matched with an output shaft of a generator to be ground. The invention has convenient operation, time and labor saving and can improve the production efficiency of operators engaged in motor assembly.

Description

Device for fine grinding electric brush of three-phase brush type synchronous generator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric brush processing, in particular to a device for accurately grinding an electric brush of a three-phase brush type synchronous generator.

Background

In the motor manufacturing industry, after the total assembly of a brush type motor is finished, 100% of brushes arranged on the whole machine are required to be roughly ground to form a radian, so that the contact surfaces of the brushes and a slip ring or a commutator are attached, and then fine grinding is carried out for a long time, so that a good oxidation film is formed on the surface of the slip ring or the commutator. The prior art has more rough grinding methods, but for fine grinding, the fine grinding method of a general direct current brush type motor is as follows: the motor is electrified with direct current to work in a low-speed motor state for a certain time to meet the requirement (generally, the time is required to be 24-72 hours).

However, the operation principle of a three-phase synchronous generator (excited) with a brush (hereinafter referred to as a generator) is different from that of a general direct-current synchronous generator with a brush, and the three-phase synchronous generator cannot be operated in a motor state by using the method. For this type of generator, the usual refining method is the same as the conventional test method: the generator to be finely ground is arranged on the dragging system, and the running-in requirement is met by means of long-time running of the dragging system. The method comprises the following specific steps:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional generator fine grinding process, and the diagram shows 1-a traction system, 2-a traction table output shaft, 3-an adapter plate, 4-an adapter plate fixing screw, 5-a coupling fastening screw, 6-a coupling, 7-a hoop component and 8-a generator to be refined.

The operation of a conventional lapping brush typically involves the following steps:

the first step is as follows: fixing a coupling 6 on an output shaft of the dragging system 1 by using a set screw 5;

the second step is that: fixing the adapter plate 3 on the dragging system 1 by using a screw 4;

the third step: fixing the finely ground generator 8 on the adapter plate 3 by using a hoop component 7;

the fourth step: starting the dragging system 1 to ensure that the dragging system 1 reaches the required rotating speed and continuously operates;

the fifth step: after the running time is reached, reducing the rotating speed of the dragging system 1 and stopping the vehicle;

and a sixth step: and (5) detaching the generator to check the fine grinding effect and carrying out other subsequent works.

And after the steps are completed, finishing the fine grinding work of the platform, and performing other fine grinding works.

In order to more clearly illustrate the above interface relationship, the following fig. 2 illustrates the structure of the main components:

fig. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of a dragging system 1 and an output shaft 2 of a dragging table, which generally comprise a control system, a cooling system, a ventilation system and the like, wherein the system is huge, the total power is varied from several kilowatts to several hundred kilowatts, and the output shaft part is in an involute external spline form;

fig. 2B is a schematic view of the adapter plate 3 and the fixing screw 4, wherein the large end of the adapter plate is connected with the dragging table and fixed by the fixing screw 4, and the small end is butted with the generator;

FIG. 2C is a schematic structural view of a coupling 6 and a set screw 5, wherein both ends of the coupling are in the form of involute internal splines, the large end of the coupling is connected with an output shaft of a dragging table, the small end of the coupling is connected with a transmission shaft of a generator, and the coupling is fixed on the output shaft of the dragging table by the set screw;

fig. 2D shows a schematic structural diagram of the hoop assembly 7, which is composed of two pieces, each of which is in the shape of a semicircular lug, and is used for fixing the generator on the adapter plate 3.

Fig. 2E shows a schematic view of a refined generator 8, the transmission shaft of which is in the form of an open-line external spline, and the end face of the end cover is an external spigot.

The biggest problems of the conventional refining method are as follows: the method is only suitable for small-batch production in the research and development stage, and has the disadvantages of labor and time consumption for large-batch production, low production efficiency, serious equipment energy consumption and obvious defects.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device for accurately grinding electric brushes of a three-phase brush type synchronous generator, which is suitable for mass production, and compared with the traditional test type accurate grinding, the device has the following characteristics: the device replaces the original test dragging system, one set of device can realize the simultaneous fine grinding of two generators, improves the production efficiency, reduces the production cost, and can lighten the labor intensity of operators.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the device for accurately grinding the electric brush of the three-phase synchronous generator with the brush comprises a table body, a motor, two belt hoops, a transmission belt and a mounting disc;

the table body is a supporting part of the whole device, is of an L-shaped structure and is provided with a horizontal base and a vertical surface; the horizontal base is provided with a mounting hole for fixing a motor, the vertical face is provided with a centering hole matched with an excircle spigot at the end part of the mounting disc, and a plurality of connecting holes corresponding to the mounting hole at the end part of the mounting disc are arranged around the centering hole and used for fixing the mounting disc on the vertical face;

the motor is a power source of the whole device, and an output shaft is coaxially connected with the first band hoop in a key connection mode;

the second belt hoop is coaxially fixed at one end of the transmission shaft in a key connection mode; the first belt hoop and the second belt hoop are in transmission through a transmission belt; the other end of the transmission shaft penetrates through the centering hole of the vertical surface of the table body and then extends into the mounting disc, and the other end of the transmission shaft is designed into an involute internal spline and is used for being matched with an output shaft of a generator to be ground;

one end of the mounting disc is provided with an outer circle spigot used for being matched with the centering hole on the vertical surface of the platform body; a plurality of mounting holes for fixing the mounting disc on the vertical surface of the table body are also distributed at the end part of the mounting disc; the mounting disc is provided with a central axial step through hole, the step section of the axial center forms a bearing chamber, and a bearing is arranged in the bearing chamber; and the other end of the transmission shaft extends into the mounting disc and then is coaxially and rotatably matched with the bearing.

Furthermore, reinforcing ribs are arranged inside and outside corners of the L-shaped structure of the table body, so that the table body is reinforced.

Further, the opening edge of the mounting disc is provided with a bayonet which is radially outwards protruded and used for connecting the mounting disc with a generator to be finely ground through a clamping band assembly.

Further, the axial positioning of the bearing outer ring is realized through a step surface in the mounting disc and a fixed bearing cover; and the axial positioning of the bearing inner ring is realized through the elastic retainer ring for the shaft arranged in the annular groove on the side wall of the transmission shaft.

Advantageous effects

The invention has convenient operation, time and labor saving, can improve the production efficiency of operators engaged in motor assembly, can change the sizes of corresponding components for different ground generators, is easy to realize rapid model change in the production process, and can realize serialization. Easy to popularize and apply and has great practical value.

Compared with the original test dragging system: the original system has high power, and the resources such as water, electricity, wind, gas and the like can work in a complete manner, but the power of the system is low, the resources such as water, electricity, wind, gas and the like are not needed, and the energy-saving and consumption-reducing effects are obvious within the same working time.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1: the prior art of fine grinding electric brush is shown schematically;

in the figure: 1-a dragging system, 2-a dragging table output shaft, 3-a switching disc, 4-a switching disc fixing screw, 5-a coupling fastening screw, 6-a coupling, 7-a clamp assembly and 8-a generator to be finely ground;

FIG. 2: a schematic diagram of the existing fine grinding electric brush process parts;

FIG. 3: the structure of the fine grinding electric brush device is schematically shown;

in the figure: 9-nut (2), 10-washer (2), 11-key (2), 12-band (2), 13-transmission shaft, 14-nut (6), 15-washer (6), 16-washer (6), 17-bolt (6), 18-mounting disc, 19-bearing cap, 20-countersunk head screw (6), 21-elastic retainer ring for shaft, 22-bearing, 23-belt, 24-table body, 25-screw (4), 26-washer (4) and 27-motor.

FIG. 4: the right side view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5: the invention finely grinds the electric circuit diagram of the electric brush device;

in the figure: the electric circuit can control two generators to operate simultaneously, wherein: 28V-DC other excitation power supply; k1-excitation DC power main switch; k2-short circuit switch of excitation current meter of left motor; k3-short circuit switch of excitation current meter of right motor; k4-excitation ammeter neutral switch: k5-product end voltage neutral switch; k6-product load ammeter neutral switch; k7-short circuit switch of left load ammeter; k8-right load ammeter short-circuit switch; R1-R4-load resistance; R5-R6-excitation loop variable resistance; a1-excitation ammeter; a2-load current meter; v1-excitation voltmeter; V2-Generator terminal voltmeter.

FIG. 6: a schematic diagram of a band structure in a refining device;

FIG. 7: a schematic structural diagram of a transmission shaft in the fine grinding device;

FIG. 8: a schematic diagram of a structure of a mounting disc in the fine grinding device;

FIG. 9: a schematic diagram of a bearing cover structure in the fine grinding device;

FIG. 10: the structure of a table body in the fine grinding device is schematic;

FIG. 11: a motor structure schematic diagram in the refining device;

FIG. 12: the structure of the main components of the refining device is schematically shown.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a set of device for accurately grinding electric brushes of a three-phase brush type synchronous generator, which comprises a mechanical device and a related circuit for realizing the separation of a generator from a test dragging system and independently performing accurate grinding.

The structure diagram of the device is shown in figure 3 and figure 4, and the refining device comprises components such as 9-nut (2), 10-gasket (2), 11-key (2), 12-band (2), 13-transmission shaft, 14-nut (6), 15-gasket (6), 16-gasket (6), 17-bolt (6), 18-mounting disc, 19-bearing cover, 20-countersunk head screw (6), 21-shaft elastic retainer ring, 22-bearing, 23-belt, 24-table body, 25-screw (4), 26-gasket (4), 27-motor and the like.

The main parts of the above-described component assembly, which are designed by the inventor and then subjected to machining or additional machining after outsourcing, are shown in fig. 6 to 11. The specifications of the standard parts without additional processing or outsourcing are shown in table 1.

As shown in fig. 6, the band 12 has 2 pieces, one piece is connected and installed on the transmission shaft of the motor 27 through a key 11, and the other piece is connected and installed on the transmission shaft 13 through another key 11; the L12-3 slot position is shown for receiving the belt 23 for rotational transfer of mechanical energy.

The band 12 is fastened by a fastening member (washer, nut) when it is attached to the drive shaft of the motor 27 and when it is attached to the drive shaft 13.

As shown in fig. 7, in the driving shaft 13, the shaft L13-1 is in the form of a threaded shaft having a key groove, where the band 12 is mounted after being coupled by the key 11; φ 13-2 at L13-5 is shown as a journal region that mates with the inner ring of bearing 22; the phi 13-2 groove at L13-6 is shown for mounting the circlip 21 for the shaft, serving as a stop for the inner ring of the bearing 22.

The output shaft of the L13-8 is designed into an involute internal spline and is used for matching with a transmission shaft of a generator to be ground.

As shown in FIG. 8, the mounting plate 18 is mounted on the right side of the vertical surface of the table 24 and is positioned on a circle

With 6 uniformly distributed places

A hole for fixing the disk to the table body 24,

forming a cylindrical spigot and a platform body 24

The holes (as bearing chambers) are matched to realize concentric positioning; shown in

For mounting the bearing 22, locating circle

There are 6 evenly distributed M18-1 threaded holes for fixing the 19-bearing cover.

As shown in FIG. 9, 6 positioning holes phi 19-6 and phi 19-7 are uniformly distributed at the position phi 19-1 of the positioning circle phi in the bearing cover 19, and are used for fixing the bearing cover at the threaded hole M18-1 of the mounting plate 18 to limit the outer ring of the bearing 22.

As shown in FIG. 10, the table body 24 is a supporting part of the running-in device, and two M24-1 threaded holes are respectively formed in the horizontal planes L24-1 and L24-2 and used for fixing the motor 27; the phi 24-1 position of the positioning circle phi 24-1 on the vertical surface of the platform body is provided with 6 evenly distributed phi 24-2 holes for fixing the mounting disc 18 on the platform body, and the phi 24-3 holes are used for matching with the phi 18-7 of the mounting disc 18 to realize concentric positioning. The black part is welded with reinforcing ribs to reinforce the table body.

As shown in fig. 11, the motor 27 is a power source of the running-in device, and a domestic YC type low-speed single-phase motor is used in the present embodiment and is commercially available. After the transmission shaft is purchased in place, the position of the transmission shaft is changed into a structure shown in the figure. The bases L27-1 and L27-2 of the motor are respectively provided with two holes for fixing the motor on the horizontal plane of the table body 24; the shaft of the motor is modified to have a splined thread form and is connected by a key 11 to mount a band 12 on the motor. And the position B is an external power line of the motor.

TABLE 1 description of other components and standards of the invention

The parts and purchased parts are processed according to the drawing to form two sets of identical mechanical devices, and a set of electric lines are arranged according to the drawing shown in figure 5 and integrated together to form an electric operating platform, so that the function of simultaneously operating the two generators can be realized.

The device assembly steps and procedure of use of the present invention are described below in conjunction with fig. 12:

description of the assembly procedure of the patent device:

A. processing and purchasing all components;

B. the bearing 22 is arranged in a bearing chamber of the mounting disc 18 and then is integrally sleeved on the transmission shaft 13; the elastic retainer ring 21 for mounting the shaft limits the inner ring of the bearing; fixing the bearing cover by using a bearing cover screw 20 to limit the bearing outer ring; the belt hoop 12 is connected and installed on the output shaft of the motor 27 through a key 11 and is fastened by 9 and 10 (nuts and washers);

C. a motor 27 is installed on the horizontal surface of the table body 24 and fastened by 25, 26 (screws, washers); connecting the motor lead at the position B to a power supply according to the use requirement of the motor;

D. assembling other components to form the assembly of fig. 12;

E. the finished assembly in the figure 12 is assembled on a vertical surface of a table body 24, and is fastened by pieces 14-16 (bolts, washers, nuts and the like), and a belt 23 is additionally arranged while the assembly is installed;

f: a set of electric lines is arranged as shown in figure 5, all the instruments (a revolution meter, an excitation voltmeter, an excitation ammeter, a load ammeter, switches and the like) are integrated together to form a set of electric operation platform, and the function of simultaneously operating two generators can be realized.

After the work, the mechanical part of the patented device is finished, the inspection is error-free, and the manual inspection has service conditions after the rotation is flexible.

G: fixing the finely ground generator 8 on the mounting plate 18 by using a hoop component 7;

h: the device is started to continuously run, and the running-in requirement can be met after the corresponding time is reached; the general operating steps and the main monitoring functions are as follows:

a. starting the motor 27 to make the rotating speed reach the required value;

b. an external 28V direct-current power supply is switched on, and a K1 switch is closed;

c. closing a K2 switch to carry out direct-current other excitation on the left generator (the variable R5 resistor can realize left excitation adjustment);

d. closing a K7 switch to load the left generator (the variable R1 resistor can realize load adjustment);

e. closing a K3 switch to carry out direct current other excitation on the right generator (the variable R6 resistor can realize the excitation adjustment of the right generator);

f. closing a K8 switch to load the right generator (load adjustment can be realized by a variable R4 resistor);

the switch K4 is turned to '1', the switch K2 is disconnected, and the excitation current of the left generator can be monitored;

the switch K4 is turned to be '2', the switch K3 is disconnected, and the excitation current of the right generator can be monitored;

the switch K5 is opened to '1', and the voltage of the left generator terminal can be monitored;

switch K5 is open to "2", the right generator terminal voltage can be monitored;

the switch K6 is opened to '1', the switch K7 is disconnected, and the load current of the left generator can be monitored;

the switch K6 is opened to "2", K8 is opened, and the right generator load current can be monitored.

I: after the running time is up, the load is disconnected, the excitation is disconnected, the rotating speed is reduced, and the vehicle is stopped;

j: and (5) detaching the generator to check the fine grinding effect and carrying out other subsequent works.

And the fine grinding task of batch production is completed by the circulation.

The running-in device determined by the invention is convenient to operate, saves time and labor, improves the production efficiency of operators engaged in motor assembly, can effectively reduce repetitive work, improves the running-in efficiency, reduces the production cost and lightens the labor intensity of the operators.

Aiming at different ground brushes, only the sizes of corresponding interface process components (a part 18-an installation disc and a part 13-a transmission shaft) need to be changed, the rapid model change in the production process is easy to realize, the method is suitable for all synchronous generators with brushes, and the device can also realize serialization. Easy to popularize and apply and has great practical value.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for accurate grinding of electric brushes of a three-phase brush type synchronous generator is characterized in that: comprises a table body, a motor, two belt hoops, a transmission belt and a mounting disc;

the second belt hoop is coaxially fixed at one end of the transmission shaft in a key connection mode; the first belt hoop and the second belt hoop are in transmission through a transmission belt; the other end of the transmission shaft penetrates through the centering hole of the vertical surface of the table body and then extends into the mounting disc, and the other end of the transmission shaft is designed into an involute internal spline and is used for being matched with a transmission shaft of a generator to be ground;

2. An apparatus for finishing brushes for a three-phase brushed synchronous generator as defined in claim 1, wherein: reinforcing ribs are arranged inside and outside the corner of the L-shaped structure of the table body, so that the table body is reinforced.

3. An apparatus for finishing brushes for a three-phase brushed synchronous generator as defined in claim 1, wherein: the edge of the opening of the mounting disc is provided with a bayonet which is radially outwards protruded and is used for connecting the mounting disc with a generator which is finely ground through a clamping band component.

4. An apparatus for finishing brushes for a three-phase brushed synchronous generator as defined in claim 1, wherein: the axial positioning of the bearing outer ring is realized through a step surface in the mounting disc and a fixed bearing cover; and the axial positioning of the bearing inner ring is realized through the elastic retainer ring for the shaft arranged in the annular groove on the side wall of the transmission shaft.