CN112562993B - Power electronic magnetic element with heat dissipation type winding - Google Patents
Power electronic magnetic element with heat dissipation type winding Download PDFInfo
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- CN112562993B CN112562993B CN202011436035.1A CN202011436035A CN112562993B CN 112562993 B CN112562993 B CN 112562993B CN 202011436035 A CN202011436035 A CN 202011436035A CN 112562993 B CN112562993 B CN 112562993B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/2876—Cooling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
Abstract
The invention discloses a power electronic magnetic element with a heat dissipation winding, which comprises: a magnetic core and a winding; the winding is a three-dimensional winding; the winding is provided with a wrapped part and an exposed part; the exposed parts are positioned at two ends of the wrapped part and are mutually connected to form a current loop; the magnetic core comprises two magnetic core pieces which can be buckled in a positive and negative way, and the two magnetic core pieces which are buckled in the positive and negative way wrap the wrapped part of the winding; the exposed part occupies spaces at both ends of the magnetic core. The magnetic element has the advantages that the heat dissipation area is increased and the direct-current copper loss and the maximum temperature of the magnetic element are reduced under the condition that the additional volume is not increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power electronics, and particularly relates to a magnetic element with a radiator type winding for a power electronic converter.
Background
The magnetic element (magnetic part) is an important component of the power electronic converter, and the magnetic element can not be separated in almost all power circuits. The magnetic element is generally composed of a winding and a magnetic core, can store and release energy in the form of magnetic field energy, is a necessary element for energy storage, energy conversion and electrical isolation, and mainly comprises two main types, namely a transformer and an inductor. The performance of the magnetic element is closely related to the efficiency and power density of the power electronic converter.
The problem of heat dissipation of magnetic elements has been one of the important problems to be solved in power electronics technology. The magnetic element is damaged due to the fact that the temperature of the magnetic element is too high, the Curie temperature of the magnetic material is reached, and the magnetic element fails, so that the power electronic converter fails, and even accidents happen. The main heat dissipation methods of the magnetic element generally include forced convection, natural convection, and heat conduction. The magnetic element winding can be realized by litz wires, PCB windings, solid copper wires, folded copper foils and the like. In these ways, the windings of the magnetic member are often mostly wrapped by the magnetic core, and the exposed small portion of the heat dissipation area is very limited, so that the heat is difficult to transfer out.
In view of the above problems, there is no particularly direct solution, and the mainstream method is to increase the volume of the magnetic member, so as to increase the heat dissipation area of the magnetic member while reducing the loss of the magnetic member, but this method results in an increase in the volume of the converter and a reduction in the power density.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the heat dissipation problem of the magnetic element and the power electronic device, the invention provides the magnetic element with the radiator type winding for the power electronic converter, and the magnetic element has the advantages of increasing the heat dissipation area and reducing the direct current copper loss and the maximum temperature of the magnetic element without increasing additional volume.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a power electronic magnetic component with a heat dissipating winding, comprising: a magnetic core and a winding;
the winding is a three-dimensional winding; the winding is provided with a wrapped part and an exposed part; the exposed parts are positioned at two ends of the wrapped part and are mutually connected to form a current loop;
the magnetic core comprises two magnetic core pieces which can be buckled in a positive and negative way, and the two magnetic core pieces which are buckled in the positive and negative way wrap the wrapped part of the winding; the exposed part occupies spaces at both ends of the magnetic core.
As a further improvement of the invention, one end of the winding is provided with a current inflow winding terminal and a current outflow winding terminal, one end of the winding is connected with the current inflow winding terminal, and the other end of the winding is connected with the current outflow winding terminal after being wound by a plurality of turns.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the winding is a copper winding; the magnetic core is ferrite EI magnetic core.
As a further improvement of the invention, the winding is 3D printing and forming.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the height of the exposed portion is the same as the height of the magnetic core.
As a further improvement of the invention, the wrapped part is a finless winding, and the exposed part is a finned winding;
the exposed part is provided with a plurality of fins formed by the through grooves.
As a further improvement of the invention, the number of turns of the winding is 2-3; the number of the fins is 1-3.
As a further improvement of the invention, the magnetic elements are inductors and transformers.
As a further improvement of the invention, the bottom of the exposed part is also provided with a heat conduction insulating pad which is connected with the power electronic device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the magnetic element, the winding is arranged into the wrapped part and the exposed part, so that the sectional area of the winding which is not wrapped by the magnetic core is greatly increased under the condition that the extra volume is not increased, the direct-current resistance of the winding is reduced, the copper loss of the magnetic element is reduced, the efficiency of the converter is improved, and the maximum temperature is further reduced.
Further, the heat dissipation area of the winding part in the magnetic piece is increased by means of the single-turn winding component fins without adding extra volume. The increased heat dissipation area can dissipate heat for the magnetic piece, reduce the maximum temperature of the magnetic piece and improve the reliability of the magnetic piece; the power electronic converter can also dissipate heat for power electronic devices, has the function multiplexing function and improves the power density of the power electronic converter.
Drawings
The drawings herein are for clarity of illustration of embodiments of the present application or of prior art. The drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. Meanwhile, in order to better show the invention and verify the effectiveness of the invention, the invention shows an effect graph of the front-to-back suppression ratio of the microphone array.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a PCB planar magnetic piece of an EE/EI core.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a magnetic element with a heat sink type winding for a power electronic converter according to the present invention (taking the Buck inductance of an EI ferrite core as an example).
Fig. 3 is a winding structure diagram of a magnetic element with a radiator-type winding for a power electronic converter according to the present invention (taking the Buck inductance of an EI ferrite core as an example).
Fig. 4 is a front and top view of the windings of a magnetic element with a heat sink type winding for a power electronic converter according to the present invention (taking the Buck inductance of an EI ferrite core as an example).
Fig. 5 is a current density profile and temperature profile simulated for inductors and PCB windings versus inductors in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an example of a winding of the finless construction of the invention.
Fig. 7 is an example of a winding (illustrated as 3 fins) of the multi-fin structure of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a block diagram (side view) of a magnetic element of the present invention dissipating heat from a top-dissipating power electronic device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to solve the heat dissipation problem of a magnetic element and a power electronic device, and the method has the advantages of increasing the heat dissipation area and reducing the direct current copper loss and the maximum temperature of the magnetic element under the condition of not increasing additional volume.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the power electronic magnetic element with a heat dissipation type winding of the present invention includes: a magnetic core 4 and a winding 5;
the winding 5 is a three-dimensional winding; the winding 5 has a wrapped portion and an exposed portion; the exposed parts are positioned at two ends of the wrapped part and are mutually connected to form a current loop;
the magnetic core 4 comprises two magnetic core pieces which can be buckled in a positive and negative way, and the wrapped part of the winding 5 is wrapped by the two magnetic core pieces which are buckled in the positive and negative way; the exposed portions occupy spaces at both ends of the magnetic core 4.
One end of the winding 5 has a current inflow winding terminal 54 and a current outflow winding terminal 55, and one end of the winding 5 is connected to the current inflow winding terminal 54, and the other end is connected to the current outflow winding terminal 55 after being wound for a number of turns.
In actual design, the width of the current inflow winding terminal 54 and the current outflow winding terminal 55 is the same as that of the winding 5, the number of turns of the winding 5 is arranged along a spiral, and the innermost winding penetrates through the exposed part to be connected with the current outflow winding terminal 55.
Preferably, the winding 5 is a copper winding; the magnetic core 4 is a ferrite EI magnetic core. The winding 5 is a three-dimensional structure formed by 3D printing. For the convenience of printing, a structure which is rectangular as a whole is adopted. If the height of the exposed portion is the same as that of the magnetic core 4, the wasted space can be maximally utilized.
For better heat dissipation, the wrapped part is a finless winding 51, and the exposed part is a finned winding 52; the exposed part is formed with a plurality of fins 53 by providing through grooves. The groove shape is preferably a rectangular groove, but is not limited to a rectangular groove, and other grooves such as a curve, a broken line, a wavy line and the like can be used.
The number of turns of the winding 5 is 2-3; the number of the fins 53 is 1-3.
The concrete characteristics are as follows:
(1) printing a three-dimensional winding of the magnetic piece by adopting a metal copper Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing technology; the EE/EI and other magnetic cores which can be buckled positively and negatively are adopted to form the magnetic element.
(2) The winding of the magnetic member (including the inductor and the transformer) is divided into a portion wrapped by the magnetic member and a portion not wrapped by the magnetic member. The cross section area and the surface area of the winding are increased under the condition that the volume of the magnetic piece is not increased at the position where the winding is not wrapped by the magnetic piece, and the space in the vertical and horizontal directions where the winding is not wrapped by the magnetic core is fully utilized.
(3) On the winding with the increased cross section area which is not wrapped by the magnetic piece, holes are dug in the winding (realized by a metal copper Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing technology), fins along the air flowing direction are formed, the heat dissipation area is increased, and the winding temperature is reduced. Since the cross-sectional area of the winding is much larger than the portion wrapped by the magnetic member, the "digging" does not substantially increase the resistance of the winding.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Examples
The magnetic element winding can be realized by litz wires, PCB windings, solid copper wires, folded copper foils and the like. The windings in the modes are of two-dimensional structures, and the sectional areas of the windings are constant.
Taking the PCB planar magnetic member of the EE/EI core shown in fig. 1 as an example, the space wasted above and below the portion of the PCB winding 2 extending out of the magnetic member is both used to reduce the power density.
The magnetic elements described in the present invention refer to inductors and transformers, and for convenience of description, a Buck inductor of an EI ferrite core is taken as an example to illustrate specific embodiments because of the excessive types and structures of the magnetic elements. The specific implementation of transformers and other types of inductors is the same as this.
The structure of the magnetic element with a heat sink type winding for a power electronic converter of the present invention is shown in fig. 2. The inductor consists of a ferrite EI magnetic core and a metal copper winding which is 3D printed by a Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology. Current flows in and out, respectively, from the directions indicated in the figure. A schematic diagram of the 3D printed inductance winding is shown in fig. 3, and a top view thereof is shown in fig. 4.
Specifically, for better heat dissipation, the portion of the winding wrapped in the magnetic core is free of fins, which is called "finless winding 51"; the portion not covered by the core includes fins, referred to as the "finned winding 52".
In terms of the number of turns design, the inductor winding has two turns, each turn containing two fins 53 at the finned winding 52. The height of the fins is consistent with that of the magnetic elements; the area of the end part is consistent with that of a normal two-dimensional winding, and the volume is not additionally increased. Under the condition of natural convection, air is heated and expanded from the bottoms of the fins, buoyancy is increased, and the air rises along the fins to take away heat; in the case of forced convection, the wind flows from top to bottom or from bottom to top taking away heat.
Based on the fin structure, not only the winding heat dissipation area is increased, but also the copper loss of the magnetic part is reduced due to the increase of the sectional area of the finned winding 52, and therefore the inductance temperature is obviously reduced.
The magnetic element with the radiator type winding for the power electronic converter is subjected to relevant experimental tests, and the current density distribution diagram and the temperature distribution diagram of the inductor and the PCB winding simulated by comparison with the inductor are shown in FIG. 5 by selecting the same magnetic core (E38/8/25-3C92 and PLT38/25/3.8-3C92) and the same working condition (the effective value of direct current is 100A, the effective value of alternating current is 200kHz, and the effective value is 10A) under the condition of natural air convection at 20 ℃. As can be seen from the figure, the magnetic part loss of the invention is obviously reduced, and the temperature is obviously reduced.
The number of the fins 53 of the finned winding 52 of the present invention is not limited to 2, and as shown in fig. 6 and 7, other numbers such as 1 or 3 may also achieve the object of the present invention.
In addition, the magnetic element can not only radiate heat for the magnetic element, but also radiate heat for a power electronic device radiating heat from the top. As shown in fig. 8 (side view), a heat conducting insulating pad 6 is further disposed at the bottom of the exposed portion, and the heat conducting insulating pad 6 is connected with the power electronic device 7.
The winding with the radiating fins is arranged above the power electronic device 7 with the radiating fins, and the heat conducting insulating pad is arranged in the middle of the winding, so that the winding and the power electronic device are tightly attached, and the thermal resistance is reduced.
Therefore, the magnetic element has the dual functions of the magnetic piece and the radiator, and the power density of the power electronic converter can be obviously improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A power electronic magnetic component with a heat dissipating winding, comprising: a magnetic core (4) and a winding (5);
the winding (5) is a three-dimensional winding; the winding (5) is provided with a wrapped part and an exposed part; the exposed parts are positioned at two ends of the wrapped part and are mutually connected to form a current loop;
the magnetic core (4) comprises two magnetic core pieces which can be buckled in a positive and negative way, and the two magnetic core pieces which are buckled in the positive and negative way wrap the wrapped part of the winding (5); the exposed part occupies the space at two ends of the magnetic core (4);
the wrapped part is a finless winding (51), and the exposed part is a finned winding (52);
the exposed part is provided with a plurality of fins (53) through a through groove.
2. The power electronic magnetic element with the heat dissipation type winding as recited in claim 1, wherein one end of the winding (5) is provided with a current inflow winding terminal (54) and a current outflow winding terminal (55), one end of the winding (5) is connected with the current inflow winding terminal (54), and the other end of the winding is connected with the current outflow winding terminal (55) after being wound for a plurality of turns.
3. A power electronic magnetic component with a heat-dissipating winding according to claim 1, characterized in that the winding (5) is a copper winding; the magnetic core (4) is a ferrite EI magnetic core.
4. A power electronic magnetic component with a heat dissipating winding according to claim 1, characterized in that the winding (5) is 3D printed.
5. A power electronic magnetic component with a heat-dissipating winding according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the exposed part is the same as the height of the magnetic core (4).
6. The power electronic magnetic element with the heat dissipation type winding as set forth in claim 1, wherein the number of turns of the winding (5) is 2-3; the number of the fins (53) is 1-3.
7. A power electronic magnetic component with a heat dissipating winding according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic component is an inductor or a transformer.
8. The power electronic magnetic element with the heat dissipation type winding as recited in claim 1, wherein a heat conduction insulating pad (6) is further arranged at the bottom of the exposed part, and the heat conduction insulating pad (6) is connected with a power electronic device (7).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011436035.1A CN112562993B (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2020-12-10 | Power electronic magnetic element with heat dissipation type winding |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011436035.1A CN112562993B (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2020-12-10 | Power electronic magnetic element with heat dissipation type winding |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112562993A CN112562993A (en) | 2021-03-26 |
| CN112562993B true CN112562993B (en) | 2021-10-08 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206602013U (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-10-31 | 深圳市华云图科技有限公司 | The resonant inductance of layer insulation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9230726B1 (en) * | 2015-02-20 | 2016-01-05 | Crane Electronics, Inc. | Transformer-based power converters with 3D printed microchannel heat sink |
| CN106972753B (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2019-05-14 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of Boost controlled resonant converter passive element integrating device |
| CN111952038B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-04-26 | 上海交通大学 | Cake-type solid insulation high-frequency transformer based on 3D printing |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN206602013U (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-10-31 | 深圳市华云图科技有限公司 | The resonant inductance of layer insulation |
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