CN112558337B - Liquid crystal display device with switchable viewing angle and driving method thereof - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display device with switchable viewing angle and driving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112558337B CN112558337B CN202011546938.5A CN202011546938A CN112558337B CN 112558337 B CN112558337 B CN 112558337B CN 202011546938 A CN202011546938 A CN 202011546938A CN 112558337 B CN112558337 B CN 112558337B
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 208000008918 voyeurism Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 67
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 17
- 201000009310 astigmatism Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003678 scratch resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a visual angle switchable liquid crystal display device and a driving method thereof, wherein the visual angle switchable liquid crystal display device comprises a display panel, a first light modulator and a backlight module, wherein the display panel and the first light modulator are arranged on the light emitting side of the backlight module; the display panel comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate arranged opposite to the color film substrate and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the color film substrate and the array substrate, wherein a second light modulator is arranged on the array substrate and used for scattering light rays passing through the second light modulator; the backlight module emits first light when in the wide-view mode, and emits second light when in the narrow-view mode, wherein the brightness of the first light is larger than that of the second light. The single-box wide-narrow visual angle switchable function can be realized, the framework is simple, and the peep-proof effect is better.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of liquid crystal display technology, and in particular, to a viewing angle switchable liquid crystal display device and a driving method thereof.
Background
With the continuous progress of the liquid crystal display technology, the visual angle of the display is widened to more than 160 degrees from about 120 degrees originally, and people want to effectively protect business confidentiality and personal privacy while enjoying the visual experience brought by a large visual angle so as to avoid business loss or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. In addition to the wide viewing angle requirement, there are many occasions where the display device is required to have a function of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.
In the prior art, a vertical electric field is applied to liquid crystal molecules by using a viewing angle control electrode on one side of a Color Filter (CF) substrate, so that the liquid crystal deflects towards a vertical direction, and a narrow viewing angle mode is realized. Switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle can be achieved by controlling the voltage on the viewing angle control electrode, but the narrow viewing angle of such a display panel is not ideal enough and driving the liquid crystal to deflect in the vertical direction greatly increases power consumption.
Still other prior art uses dual liquid crystal cells to achieve wide and narrow viewing angle control, wherein one liquid crystal cell is used for adjusting the viewing angle, the other liquid crystal cell is used for controlling the gray scale size, and the wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle switching purpose is achieved by adjusting the brightness of the large viewing angle. However, such display panels have disadvantages: the thickness of the box is increased, and driving the liquid crystal to deflect in the vertical direction greatly increases power consumption, so that the wide-narrow visual angle switching effect is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a liquid crystal display device with switchable viewing angles and a driving method thereof, so as to solve the problems of increased thickness of a box and poor viewing angle switching effect in the prior art.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a visual angle switchable liquid crystal display device, which comprises a display panel, a first light modulator and a backlight module, wherein the display panel and the first light modulator are arranged on the light emitting side of the backlight module;
the display panel comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate arranged opposite to the color film substrate and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the color film substrate and the array substrate, wherein a second light modulator is arranged on the array substrate and used for scattering light rays passing through the second light modulator;
the backlight module emits first light when in a wide view angle mode, and emits second light when in a narrow view angle mode, wherein the brightness of the first light is larger than that of the second light.
Further, the first light modulator comprises a first peep-proof film, the first peep-proof film comprises a plurality of light resistance walls arranged in parallel and a light transmission hole positioned between two adjacent light resistance walls, and the light resistance walls of the first peep-proof film extend along the transverse direction or the longitudinal direction; the second light modulator comprises a plurality of first light scattering strips which are arranged in parallel, and the first light scattering strips are parallel to the extending direction of the light resistance wall in the first peep-proof film.
Further, comb-shaped pixel electrodes are further arranged on the array substrate, and projection of electrode strips of the pixel electrodes on the array substrate is located between projection of two adjacent first light scattering strips on the array substrate.
Further, the first dimmer further comprises a second peep-proof film, the first peep-proof film and the second peep-proof film are mutually overlapped, the second peep-proof film comprises a plurality of light resistance walls which are arranged in parallel and a light transmission hole which is positioned between two adjacent light resistance walls, and the extending direction of the light resistance walls in the first peep-proof film is perpendicular to the extending direction of the light resistance walls in the second peep-proof film; the second light modulator also comprises a plurality of second light scattering strips which are arranged in parallel, and the included angle formed by the first light scattering strips and the second light scattering strips is 30-120 degrees.
Further, the first light-diffusing strip is perpendicular to the second light-diffusing strip, the first light-diffusing strip is parallel to the light-resisting wall of the first peep-proof film, and the second light-diffusing strip is parallel to the light-resisting wall of the second peep-proof film.
Further, a flat layer covering the second light modulator is disposed on the array substrate, and the cross-section of the first light-scattering strip and the second light-scattering strip is triangular, trapezoidal or semicircular.
Further, the heights of the first light-scattering strip and the second light-scattering strip are both equal toThe heights of the first light scattering strip and the second light scattering strip are different; the inclination angle formed by the side surface of the first light scattering strip and the side surface of the second light scattering strip and the horizontal direction is 20-80 degrees, and the inclination angle formed by the side surface of the first light scattering strip and the side surface of the second light scattering strip and the horizontal direction is different.
Further, the liquid crystal display device with switchable viewing angle further comprises a brightness enhancement film, wherein the brightness enhancement film directly covers one side of the first light modulator facing the backlight module; or the brightness enhancement film is directly covered on one side of the backlight module, which faces the first light modulator; or the brightness enhancement film is directly covered on one side of the backlight module, which faces the first light modulator, and the first light modulator is directly covered on one side of the display panel, which faces the backlight module.
The present invention also provides a driving method for driving the liquid crystal display device switchable in viewing angle as described above, the driving method comprising:
when in a wide view angle mode, applying a first luminous voltage to the backlight module and enabling the backlight module to emit first light;
and when the backlight module is in the narrow-view angle mode, applying a second light-emitting voltage to the backlight module and enabling the backlight module to emit second light, wherein the first light-emitting voltage is larger than the second light-emitting voltage, and the brightness of the first brightness light is larger than the brightness of the second brightness light.
Further, a light sensor is arranged on the liquid crystal display device with the switchable visual angle, and the light sensor is used for detecting an external environment light signal;
in the wide viewing angle mode, the viewing angle switchable liquid crystal display device can adjust the brightness of the backlight module according to the external environment light signal;
when the light sensing sensor detects that the external environment light is lower than a preset brightness value in the narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal display device with the switchable viewing angle can reduce the brightness of the backlight module according to the external environment light signal so as to achieve a better narrow viewing angle display effect.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the liquid crystal display device has the advantages that the wide-narrow visual angle switching can be realized by controlling the brightness of the backlight module and matching the first light modulator and the second light modulator, and the liquid crystal display device has simple structure, small thickness and small power consumption. The liquid crystal display device has higher contrast ratio under the display of a narrow viewing angle, better peeping prevention effect and good wide viewing angle display effect when being matched with the dimming microstructure of the second dimmer to disperse light under the display mode of a wide viewing angle.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a second dimmer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a second dimmer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of a signal applied to a backlight module according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a second dimmer according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a first dimmer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic plan view of a second dimmer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a second schematic plan view of a second dimmer according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a third schematic plan view of a second dimmer according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing a planar structure of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a second planar structure of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the invention to achieve the preset aim, the following detailed description is given below of specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects of the liquid crystal display device with switchable viewing angle and the driving method thereof according to the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiments:
example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic planar structural diagram of a second light modulator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic sectional structural diagram of the second light modulator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of a signal applied to a backlight module according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the first embodiment of the invention provides a viewing-angle switchable lcd device, which includes a display panel, a first light modulator 50 and a backlight module 70, wherein the display panel and the first light modulator 50 are disposed on an emitting side of the backlight module 70, the first light modulator 50 is disposed between the display panel and the backlight module 70, and the first light modulator 50 is configured to reduce an angle range of an emitted light of the backlight module 70 passing through the first light modulator 50;
the display panel comprises a color film substrate 10, an array substrate 20 arranged opposite to the color film substrate 10 and a liquid crystal layer 30 arranged between the color film substrate 10 and the array substrate 20, wherein a second light modulator 21 is arranged on the array substrate 20, and the second light modulator 21 is used for scattering light rays passing through the second light modulator 21;
in the wide viewing angle mode, the backlight module 70 emits a first light, and in the narrow viewing angle mode, the backlight module 70 emits a second light, wherein the brightness of the first light is greater than that of the second light.
During wide viewing angle display, the light emitted by the backlight module 70 is narrowed by the light receiving function of the first light modulator 50 in the left-right or up-down direction, and the narrowed light is scattered by the left-right second light modulator 21, and is matched with the brightness adjustment of the backlight module 70 to realize the wide viewing angle display effect; in the narrow viewing angle display mode, the emergent light of the backlight module 70 is narrowed by the light receiving function of the first light modulator 50, and the brightness of the emergent light is dimmed by matching with the backlight module 70, so that the display effect of narrow viewing angle peeping prevention is realized.
The backlight module 70 may be a light-collecting backlight module, and the light-collecting backlight module can collect light in both left and right directions or in multiple directions to increase the effect of narrow viewing angle.
The liquid crystal layer 30 may adopt positive liquid crystal molecules or negative liquid crystal molecules, and the liquid crystal layer 30 preferably adopts negative liquid crystal molecules, and in an initial state, the negative liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 are aligned parallel to the color film substrate 10 and the array substrate 20, and the negative liquid crystal molecules near the color film substrate 10 are antiparallel to the alignment direction of the negative liquid crystal molecules near the array substrate 20.
The color film substrate 10 is provided with a color resist layer 12 on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 30 and a Black Matrix (BM) 11 separating the color resist layers 12. The color resist layer 12 includes, for example, red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color resist materials, and respectively corresponds to the sub-pixels forming the three colors red, green, and blue. The black matrix 11 is located between the red, green and blue sub-pixels, so that adjacent sub-pixels are spaced apart from each other by the black matrix 11, and each of the color resists 12 corresponds to one of the sub-pixels. The color film substrate 10 is further provided with a shielding electrode 13, the shielding electrode 13 applies the same voltage signal as the common electrode 23 to shield the interference of the outside on the liquid crystal layer 30, for example, the interference of the touch module on the liquid crystal layer 30, and the shielding electrode 13 may be located between the black matrix 11 and the color resistance layer 12.
The array substrate 20 is defined by a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 30, each of which is provided with a pixel electrode 24 and a thin film transistor, and the pixel electrode 24 is electrically connected to the data line adjacent to the thin film transistor through the thin film transistor. The thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, an active layer, a drain electrode and a source electrode, wherein the gate electrode and the scan line are located on the same layer and electrically connected, the gate electrode and the active layer are isolated by an insulating layer, the source electrode and the data line are electrically connected, and the drain electrode and the pixel electrode 24 are electrically connected by a contact hole.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a common electrode 23 is further disposed on a side of the array substrate 20 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, and the common electrode 23 and the pixel electrode 24 are located on different layers and are insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 23 may be located above or below the pixel electrode 24 (the common electrode 23 is shown below the pixel electrode 24 in fig. 1). Preferably, the common electrode 23 is a planar electrode disposed entirely, and the pixel electrode 24 is a block electrode disposed entirely within each pixel unit or a slit electrode having a plurality of electrode bars to form a fringe field switching pattern (Fringe Field Switching, FFS). Of course, in other embodiments, the pixel electrode 24 and the common electrode 23 may be located at the same layer, but they are insulated from each other, each of the pixel electrode 24 and the common electrode 23 may include a plurality of electrode bars, and the electrode bars of the pixel electrode 24 and the electrode bars of the common electrode 23 are alternately arranged with each other to form an In-Plane Switching (IPS); alternatively, in other embodiments, the pixel electrode 24 is disposed on the side of the array substrate 20 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, and the common electrode 23 is disposed on the side of the color film substrate 10 facing the liquid crystal layer 30 to form a PET display architecture, a TN display architecture or a VA display architecture, and other descriptions of the PET display architecture, the TN display architecture and the VA display architecture are omitted herein.
In this embodiment, the viewing angle switchable liquid crystal display device further includes a brightness enhancement film 60, wherein the brightness enhancement film 60 directly covers a side of the first light modulator 50 facing the backlight module 70, i.e. the brightness enhancement film 60 and the first light modulator 50 form an integral structure, and the brightness enhancement film 60 and the first light modulator 50 form a layer of composite film. The brightness enhancement film 60 is disposed on the side of the first light modulator 50 facing the backlight module 70, so as to improve the brightness of the liquid crystal display device, save power consumption, improve the wide viewing angle effect, and improve the display quality, thereby improving the product competitiveness.
Further, the viewing angle switchable liquid crystal display device further includes an upper polarizer 41 disposed on the color film substrate 10 and a lower polarizer 42 disposed on the array substrate 20, where light transmission axes of the upper polarizer 41 and the lower polarizer 42 are perpendicular to each other. The upper polarizer 41 may be an anti-dazzle type polarizer or a scratch-proof type polarizer, and the lower polarizer 42 may be an anti-dazzle type polarizer or a brightness enhancement type polarizer. The anti-dazzle polaroid can be used for reducing the mole lines of a liquid crystal display device and improving the display image quality; the scratch-resistant polaroid can prevent the liquid crystal display device from being scratched, so that the hardness of the screen is enhanced; the brightness enhancement polarizer can improve the brightness of the liquid crystal display device, save power consumption and improve the wide viewing angle effect. The brightness enhancement polarizer may be provided with a haze to adjust the brightness enhancement effect, preferably, the brightness enhancement polarizer has a haze of 25% (brightness gain of about 10%), and may also reduce moire.
In this embodiment, the first light modulator 50 includes a first peep-proof film 51, the first peep-proof film 51 includes a plurality of photo-resist walls arranged in parallel and a light hole between two adjacent photo-resist walls, and the photo-resist walls of the first peep-proof film 51 extend along a lateral direction or a longitudinal direction. Light absorbing materials can be arranged on two sides of the light resistance wall, and reflection of light rays on the light resistance wall is reduced. The first peep-proof film 51 has a light receiving effect in a direction perpendicular to an extending direction of the light-resistant wall, for example, the light-resistant wall extends in an up-down direction of the liquid crystal display device, and the first peep-proof film 51 has a light receiving effect in a left-right direction; if the light blocking wall extends in the left-right direction of the liquid crystal display device, the first privacy film 51 has a light receiving effect in the up-down direction.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the second light modulator 21 includes a plurality of first light-diffusing strips 211 disposed in parallel, and the first light-diffusing strips 211 are parallel to the extending direction of the light-blocking wall in the first privacy film 51. The first light-diffusing strip 211 has a light-diffusing effect in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first light-diffusing strip 211, for example, the first light-diffusing strip 211 extends in the up-down direction of the liquid crystal display device, and the first light-diffusing strip 211 has a light-diffusing effect in the left-right direction; if the first light-diffusing strip 211 extends in the left-right direction of the liquid crystal display device, the first light-diffusing strip 211 has a light-diffusing effect in the up-down direction.
Further, the array substrate 20 is provided with a flat layer 22 covering the second light modulator 21, the cross section of the first light scattering bar 211 is triangular, trapezoidal or semicircular, and the refractive index of the flat layer 22 is smaller than that of the second light modulator 21. In the present embodiment, the cross-section of the first light-diffusing strip 211 is triangular, the first light-diffusing strip 211 is in a flat triangular prism structure, the second light modulator 21 is directly covered on the surface of the array substrate 20, i.e. the first process for manufacturing the array substrate 20 is to manufacture the second light modulator 21 on the surface of the array substrate 20, then cover the flat layer 22, and then manufacture the scan line, the data line, the thin film transistor, etc. As shown in FIG. 3, the height h of the first light-diffusing strip 211 isIn between, the adjustment can be made according to the actual display effect, and generally, the higher the height of the first light-diffusing strip 211 is, the more obvious the light-diffusing effect is. The inclination angle beta between the side surface of the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the horizontal direction is 20 degrees to 80 degrees, preferably 45 degrees, and the light-diffusing effect is enhanced by increasing the inclination angle. The incident angle of the incident light ray with the normal line on the side of the first light dispersion bar 211 is θ1, the refraction angle of the refracted light ray with the normal line on the side of the first light dispersion bar 211 is θ2, n1sin θ1=n2sin θ2, n1 is the refractive index of the second light modulator 21, n2 is the refractive index of the flat layer 22, and when n1 is greater than n2, the first light dispersion bar 211 has a scattering effect, preferably, n1=1.91,n2=1.56. Of course, in other embodiments, the refractive index of the planar layer 22 may be set to be larger than that of the second dimmer 21, so that n1 is calculated according to n1sinθ1=n2sinθ2<n2 is θ1>θ2, the light entering the second dimmer 21 is inclined toward the outside of the side surface of the first light-scattering bar 211, so that the first light-scattering bar 211 has a scattering effect.
The present invention also provides a driving method for driving the liquid crystal display device switchable in viewing angle as described above, the driving method comprising:
as shown in fig. 4, in the wide viewing angle mode, a first light emitting voltage V1 is applied to the backlight module 70 and the backlight module 70 emits a first light;
in the narrow viewing angle mode, the second light emitting voltage V2 is applied to the backlight module 70 and the backlight module 70 emits the second light, the first light emitting voltage V1 is greater than the second light emitting voltage V2, and the brightness of the first light is greater than the brightness of the second light. In the narrow viewing angle mode, the light emitted from the backlight module 70 is dimmed, and the brightness of the large viewing angle is reduced and is in a black state, so that the narrow viewing angle mode is realized. By adjusting the brightness of the backlight module 70 and matching the first light modulator 50 and the second light modulator 21, the switching between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle is realized.
Preferably, the brightness of the first light ray is adjusted within the range of 100 nits-400 nits, and the brightness of the second light ray is adjusted within the range of minimum brightness of the mobile phone-100 nits.
Further, a light sensor is arranged on the liquid crystal display device with the switchable visual angle, and the light sensor is used for detecting an external environment light signal;
in the wide viewing angle mode, the viewing angle switchable liquid crystal display device can adjust the brightness of the backlight module 70 according to the external environment light signal;
in the narrow viewing angle mode, when the light sensor detects that the ambient light signal is lower than the preset brightness value, the liquid crystal display device with switchable viewing angles can reduce the brightness of the backlight module 70 according to the ambient light signal, so as to achieve a better narrow viewing angle display effect. In practical application, a user can switch the wide and narrow viewing angles by clicking the power-on key on the side surface of the mobile phone twice, and the power-on key can be turned on or turned off by long-time pressing; the width effect can be adjusted by manually adjusting the brightness progress bar. The user can independently select APP to set for width switching function, through manual choosing APP that needs peeping prevention, open APP after choosing and get into peeping prevention mode, choose cancel then get into wide view angle mode. Payment APP: common payment APP (such as mobile banking, payment treasures, cloud flash payment, weChat and the like) carried by the mobile phone is automatically switched into a narrow view angle mode when the APP is opened (at the moment, the front view brightness of the mobile phone is comprehensive, meanwhile, the front view scannable payment and the side view information are protected and related information cannot be stolen for definition), and when a user is switched from a peep-proof mode to a sharing mode, the user can easily switch through physical keys. Non-payment APP: when the non-payment APP is opened, the brightness of the narrow viewing angle is a brightness value automatically entering the front-view visible side-view peep-proof protection, the initial setting value is 100nits, the application scene is work content browsing and the like, such as the non-payment APP of an electronic mailbox and the like, and the APP which needs to play a role in privacy protection is selected by a user as a main part, so that the function of freely selecting and defining the APP peep-proof function by a client is reserved.
Example two
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a second dimmer according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the second embodiment of the present invention provides a viewing-angle switchable liquid crystal display device and a driving method thereof, which are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 4), except that in the present embodiment, the projections of the electrode strips of the pixel electrode 24 on the array substrate 20 are located between the projections of the adjacent two first light-scattering strips 211 on the array substrate 20. Preferably, the center of the electrode bar of the pixel electrode 24 is aligned with the center of the gap between the adjacent two first light-scattering bars 211.
The first light-scattering bars 211 have a1 width, a2 gap between two adjacent first light-scattering bars 211, b1 width, b2 gap between two adjacent electrode bars, preferably a1 of 2.5-3 μm, a2 of 2.6-2.8 μm, b1 of 3-3.5 μm, and b2 of 3.5-3.8 μm. The specific width and spacing may be set according to actual requirements, and are not particularly limited herein.
In this embodiment, the first light-diffusing strips 211 and the pixel electrodes 23 are alternately arranged at intervals, so as to avoid interference and influence on the display image quality.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the other structures and working principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
Example III
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the viewing-angle switchable liquid crystal display device and the driving method thereof according to the third embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 4), except that in the present embodiment, the brightness enhancement film 60 directly covers the side of the backlight module 70 facing the first light modulator 50. That is, the brightness enhancement film 60 and the backlight module 70 are integrated, and the brightness enhancement film 60 and the backlight module 70 are combined together. The brightness enhancement film 60 is directly covered on the backlight module 70 to improve the brightness of the liquid crystal display device, save power consumption, improve the wide viewing angle effect, and improve the display quality to thereby improve the product competitiveness.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the other structures and working principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
Example IV
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, the viewing angle switchable liquid crystal display device and the driving method thereof according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 4), except that in the present embodiment, the brightness enhancement film 60 directly covers the side of the backlight module 70 facing the first light modulator 50, and further directly covers the side of the display panel facing the backlight module 70 with the first light modulator 50. That is, the brightness enhancement film 60 and the backlight module 70 are integrated, the brightness enhancement film 60 and the backlight module 70 are directly combined together, the first light modulator 50 and the lower polarizer 42 of the display panel are integrated, and the first light modulator 50 and the lower polarizer 42 of the display panel are directly combined together. The brightness enhancement film 60 is directly covered on the backlight module 70 to improve the brightness of the liquid crystal display device, save power consumption, improve the wide viewing angle effect, and improve the display quality to thereby improve the product competitiveness. And the brightness enhancement film 60 is directly covered on one side of the backlight module 70 facing the first light modulator 50, and the first light modulator 50 is directly covered on one side of the display panel facing the backlight module 70, so that parts and components during assembly are reduced, assembly time is shortened, and production efficiency is improved.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the other structures and working principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
Example five
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first dimmer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, fig. 10 is one of schematic planar structural diagrams of a second dimmer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, fig. 11 is a second schematic structural diagram of a second dimmer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 12 is a third schematic structural diagram of a second dimmer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8-12, the viewing angle switchable liquid crystal display device and the driving method thereof according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment (fig. 1-4), and the difference is that in the present embodiment, the first light modulator 50 includes a first peep-proof film 51 and a second peep-proof film 52, the first peep-proof film 51 and the second peep-proof film 52 are stacked on each other, the second peep-proof film 52 includes a plurality of light-proof walls arranged in parallel and a light-transmitting hole between two adjacent light-proof walls, and the extending direction of the light-proof walls in the first peep-proof film 51 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the light-proof walls in the second peep-proof film 52. Light absorbing materials are also arranged on two sides of the light-resistant wall in the second peep-proof film 52, so that reflection of light on the light-resistant wall is reduced. The second peep-proof film 52 has a light receiving effect in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the light-resistant wall, for example, the light-resistant wall extends along the up-down direction of the liquid crystal display device, so that the second peep-proof film 52 has a light receiving effect in the left-right direction; if the light blocking wall extends in the left-right direction of the liquid crystal display device, the second privacy film 52 has a light receiving effect in the up-down direction. In the present embodiment, one of the first privacy film 51 and the second privacy film 52 has a light receiving effect in the left-right direction, and the other has a light receiving effect in the up-down direction, so that the first dimmer 50 has a light receiving effect in four directions, and the liquid crystal display device has a narrow viewing angle effect in four directions.
The second dimmer 21 further comprises a plurality of first light-diffusing strips 211 arranged in parallel and a plurality of second light-diffusing strips 212 arranged in parallel, wherein an included angle between the first light-diffusing strips 211 and the second light-diffusing strips 212 is 30-120 degrees. Preferably, as shown in fig. 10, the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the second light-diffusing strip 212 are perpendicular to each other, the first light-diffusing strip 211 is parallel to the light-blocking wall of the first privacy film 51, and the second light-diffusing strip 212 is parallel to the light-blocking wall of the second privacy film 52. The second light-diffusing strip 212 has a light-diffusing effect in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the second light-diffusing strip 212, for example, the second light-diffusing strip 212 extends in the up-down direction of the liquid crystal display device, and the second light-diffusing strip 212 has a light-diffusing effect in the left-right direction; if the second light-diffusing strip 212 extends in the left-right direction of the liquid crystal display device, the second light-diffusing strip 212 has a light-diffusing effect in the up-down direction. Thereby, the second dimmer 21 has the light scattering effect in four directions, and the liquid crystal display device has the wide viewing angle effect in four directions.
In this embodiment, each sub-pixel has a corresponding first light-scattering bar 211 and a corresponding second light-scattering bar 212, and the ratio of the areas of the sub-pixels occupied by the first light-scattering bar 211 to the second light-scattering bar 212 may be 1:2, i.e. 1/3 of the area of the sub-pixel corresponding to the first light-scattering bar 211 and 2/3 of the area of the sub-pixel corresponding to the second light-scattering bar 212. The first light-diffusing strip 211 is perpendicular to the left and right sides of the sub-pixel, and the second light-diffusing strip 212 is parallel to the left and right sides of the sub-pixel. Of course, in other embodiments, the ratio of the areas of the sub-pixels occupied by the first light-scattering bar 211 to the second light-scattering bar 212 may be 1:1, and the first light-scattering bar 211 and the second light-scattering bar 212 correspond to the upper portion and the lower portion of the sub-pixel, respectively. As shown in fig. 11, the included angle γ formed by the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the second light-diffusing strip 212 is 90, the included angle γ formed by the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the second light-diffusing strip 212 is bisected by the perpendicular bisecting line of the left and right sides of the sub-pixel, that is, the angle γ formed by the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the perpendicular bisecting line of the left and right sides of the sub-pixel is 45 °, and the angle γ formed by the second light-diffusing strip 212 and the perpendicular bisecting line of the left and right sides of the sub-pixel is 45 °. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 12, the first light-diffusing strip 211 corresponds to the upper left and lower right portions of the sub-pixel, and the second light-diffusing strip 212 corresponds to the upper right and lower left portions of the sub-pixel, so that the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the second light-diffusing strip 212 form a prismatic structure. Or the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the second light-diffusing strip 212 may be arranged in a continuous fold-line structure.
Further, the cross-sectional shapes of the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the second light-diffusing strip 212 are triangular, trapezoidal or semicircular, and the refractive index of the flat layer 22 is smaller than that of the second light modulator 21. Of course, in other embodiments, the refractive index of the flat layer 22 may be set to be larger than that of the second dimmer 21. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shapes of the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the second light-diffusing strip 212 are triangular, and the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the second light-diffusing strip 212 are all in a flat triangular prism structure.
Further, the heights of the first light-scattering bar 211 and the second light-scattering bar 212 are bothThe heights of the first and second light-diffusing strips 211 and 212 are different, so that the liquid crystal display device has different wide and narrow viewing angle effects in the up-down direction and the left-right direction. Preferably, the height of the first light-diffusing strip 211 is greater than the height of the second light-diffusing strip 212, so that the light-diffusing effects of the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the second light-diffusing strip 212 are different. Of course, in other embodiments, the heights of the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the second light-diffusing strip 212 may be the same, and may be set according to practical situations.
As can be seen from the above table, the height of the astigmatism stripes isWhen the left viewing angle 45 DEG has a contrast ratio of 1.3% relative to the central brightness, the rightViewing angle 45 ° has a contrast ratio of 1.4% relative to the center luminance; the height of the astigmatism strip is->When the left viewing angle 45 ° has a contrast ratio of 3.5% with respect to the center luminance, the right viewing angle 45 ° has a contrast ratio of 3.0% with respect to the center luminance; the height of the astigmatism strip is->When the left viewing angle 45 ° has a contrast ratio of 5.9% with respect to the center luminance, the right viewing angle 45 ° has a contrast ratio of 5.6% with respect to the center luminance. From the above, the higher the height of the astigmatism stripes, the better the astigmatism effect, and the specific heights of the first astigmatism stripes 211 and the second astigmatism stripes 212 can be set according to the requirement for the astigmatism effect.
Further, the inclination angle between the side surface of the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the side surface of the second light-diffusing strip 212 and the horizontal direction is between 20 and 80 °, and the inclination angle between the side surface of the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the side surface of the second light-diffusing strip 212 and the horizontal direction is different, so that the liquid crystal display device has different wide and narrow viewing angle effects in the up-down direction and the left-right direction. The test data are: when the inclination angles of the light scattering bars are 30 degrees and 60 degrees, the visible angles of the right viewing angles in the horizontal direction are 34.3 degrees and 37.4 degrees respectively, and the inclination angles are 30 degrees and 3.1 degrees narrower than the right viewing angles in the horizontal direction of 60 degrees. The angle of inclination of the light scattering bar is 30 deg. narrower than 60 deg. by 3.7 deg. at the upper right viewing angle and 2.3 deg. at the lower right viewing angle. It can be seen that the light scattering effect is better when the inclined angle formed by the side surface of the light scattering strip and the horizontal direction is larger. In practical application, the inclination angle between the side surface of the light scattering strip and the horizontal direction can be set according to the requirement of the light scattering effect. Of course, in other embodiments, the inclination angles between the side surfaces of the first light-diffusing strip 211 and the side surfaces of the second light-diffusing strip 212 and the horizontal direction may be the same, and may be set according to practical situations.
Compared to the first embodiment, in this embodiment, by providing the first peep-preventing film 51 and the second peep-preventing film 52 with the light receiving directions being perpendicular to each other, and the first light diffusing strip 211 and the second light diffusing strip 212 with the light diffusing directions being perpendicular to each other, the wide-narrow viewing angle switching in four directions can be realized, and the effect of the wide-narrow viewing angle switching is increased.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the other structures and working principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
Fig. 13 and 14 are schematic plan view structures of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 13 and 14, wherein the display device is provided with a viewing angle switching key 80 for a user to send a viewing angle switching request to the display device. The view angle switching key 80 may be a physical key (as shown in fig. 13), or may be a software control or Application (APP) to implement a switching function (as shown in fig. 14, for example, a slider is used to set a wide view angle and a narrow view angle, and the brightness adjustment ranges of the wide view angle slider are different). When a user needs to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, a viewing angle switching request can be sent to the display device by operating the viewing angle switching key 80, and finally, the driving chip 90 controls an electric signal applied to the backlight module 70, so that the display device can realize the switching between the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle.
In this document, terms such as up, down, left, right, front, rear, etc. are defined by the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures with respect to each other, for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of such orientation terms should not limit the scope of the protection sought herein. It should also be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., as used herein, are used merely for distinguishing between names and not for limiting the number and order.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The liquid crystal display device with switchable visual angles is characterized by comprising a display panel, a first light modulator (50) and a backlight module (70), wherein the display panel and the first light modulator (50) are arranged on the light emitting side of the backlight module (70), and the first light modulator (50) is arranged between the display panel and the backlight module (70);
the first light modulator (50) comprises a first peep-proof film (51) and a second peep-proof film (52), wherein the first peep-proof film (51) comprises a plurality of light resistance walls arranged in parallel and a light transmission hole positioned between two adjacent light resistance walls, and the light resistance walls of the first peep-proof film (51) extend along the transverse direction or the longitudinal direction; the first peep-proof film (51) and the second peep-proof film (52) are mutually overlapped, the second peep-proof film (52) comprises a plurality of light resistance walls which are arranged in parallel and a light transmission hole which is positioned between two adjacent light resistance walls, and the extending direction of the light resistance walls in the first peep-proof film (51) is perpendicular to the extending direction of the light resistance walls in the second peep-proof film (52);
the display panel comprises a color film substrate (10), an array substrate (20) opposite to the color film substrate (10) and a liquid crystal layer (30) arranged between the color film substrate (10) and the array substrate (20), wherein a second light modulator (21), a comb-shaped pixel electrode (24) and a flat layer (22) covering the second light modulator (21) are arranged on the array substrate (20), the second light modulator (21) comprises a plurality of first light scattering strips (211) and a plurality of second light scattering strips (212) which are arranged in parallel, the first light scattering strips (211) and the second light scattering strips (212) form a prismatic structure or a continuous fold line structure, the first light scattering strips (211) are parallel to the extending direction of a photoresist wall in the first anti-peeping film (51), and the second light scattering strips (212) are parallel to the extending direction of the photoresist wall of the second anti-peeping film (52)Parallel; the first light-scattering strip (211) and the second light-scattering strip (212) are both at the heightThe first light-scattering strip (211) and the second light-scattering strip (212) are different in height; the refractive index of the flat layer (22) is smaller than that of the second light modulator (21), the projection of the electrode strips of the pixel electrode (24) on the array substrate (20) is positioned between the projections of the adjacent two first light scattering strips (211) on the array substrate (20), and the center of the electrode strips of the pixel electrode (24) is aligned with the center of a gap between the adjacent two first light scattering strips (211);
in the wide viewing angle mode, the first light modulator (50) is used for narrowing the angle range of the light emitted by the backlight module (70) passing through the first light modulator (50), the second light modulator (21) is used for scattering the light passing through the second light modulator (21), and the backlight module (70) emits first light; in the narrow viewing angle mode, the first light modulator (50) is used for narrowing the angle range of the light emitted by the backlight module (70) passing through the first light modulator (50), the second light modulator (21) is used for scattering the light passing through the second light modulator (21), the backlight module (70) emits second light, and the brightness of the first light is larger than that of the second light.
2. The viewing-angle switchable liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein the array substrate (20) is provided with a flat layer (22) covering the second light modulator (21), and the first light-diffusing strip (211) and the second light-diffusing strip (212) have triangular, trapezoidal or semicircular cross-sectional shapes.
3. The viewing-angle switchable liquid crystal display device of claim 2, wherein the side surfaces of the first light-diffusing strip (211) and the side surfaces of the second light-diffusing strip (212) are inclined at an angle of 20 ° to 80 ° to the horizontal direction, and the side surfaces of the first light-diffusing strip (211) and the side surfaces of the second light-diffusing strip (212) are inclined at different angles to the horizontal direction.
4. The viewing-angle-switchable liquid crystal display device of claim 1, further comprising a brightness enhancement film (60), the brightness enhancement film (60) directly covering a side of the first dimmer (50) facing the backlight module (70); or the brightness enhancement film (60) is directly covered on one side of the backlight module (70) facing the first light modulator (50); or the brightness enhancement film (60) is directly covered on one side of the backlight module (70) facing the first light modulator (50), and the first light modulator (50) is directly covered on one side of the display panel facing the backlight module (70).
5. A driving method for driving the viewing-angle switchable liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
in the wide view angle mode, applying a first light-emitting voltage to the backlight module (70) and enabling the backlight module (70) to emit first light;
and when the backlight module (70) is in the narrow-view angle mode, applying a second light-emitting voltage to the backlight module (70) and enabling the backlight module (70) to emit second light, wherein the first light-emitting voltage is larger than the second light-emitting voltage, and the brightness of the first light is larger than the brightness of the second light.
6. The driving method according to claim 5, wherein a light sensor is provided on the viewing-angle switchable liquid crystal display device, the light sensor being configured to detect an external ambient light signal;
in the wide viewing angle mode, the viewing angle switchable liquid crystal display device can adjust the brightness of the backlight module (70) according to the external environment light signal;
when the light sensing sensor detects that the external environment light signal is lower than a preset brightness value in the narrow viewing angle mode, the viewing angle switchable liquid crystal display device can reduce the brightness of the backlight module (70) according to the external environment light signal so as to achieve a better narrow viewing angle display effect.
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| CN113641016B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2023-09-26 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | display device |
| CN113835247B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-09-15 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Display module, driving method thereof, display device and vehicle |
| CN114114758B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2024-07-02 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Backlight module and display device comprising same |
| CN114185196A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-15 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| CN115343879B (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2024-04-09 | 信利半导体有限公司 | Peep-proof screen device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115424590B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2024-03-12 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Wide-narrow visual angle switching circuit and control method |
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| CN111183475A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-05-19 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Display device with switchable viewing angle |
| CN111679464A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-18 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Display device with switchable viewing angle |
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| CN111183475A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-05-19 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Display device with switchable viewing angle |
| CN111679464A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-18 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Display device with switchable viewing angle |
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