CN112558296B - High-zoom-ratio motionless zoom imaging method applying deformation device - Google Patents
High-zoom-ratio motionless zoom imaging method applying deformation device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method applying a deformation device, which comprises the following steps: s1: establishing a zoom equation of the motionless zoom system comprising a deformation device by adopting a Gaussian bracket method, and extracting key parameters capable of determining the zoom ratio of the motionless zoom system according to the zoom equation; s2: calculating an initial-order aberration parameter of the motionless zoom system according to a vector aberration theory and a Seidel aberration coefficient; s3: and establishing a nonlinear global evaluation function by combining the key parameters and the initial-order aberration parameters, and performing optimal solution retrieval on the nonlinear global evaluation function to obtain the motionless zoom system with high zoom ratio. The invention can realize high-zoom-ratio fixed zoom imaging under the condition that the high-precision deformation range of the deformation device is limited.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical zooming, in particular to a high zoom ratio motionless zooming imaging method applying a deformation device.
Background
The zoom system plays an indispensable role in many fields, such as the biomedical field, the security monitoring field, the national defense construction field, and the like. Although the traditional component moving type zooming mode can realize an optical system with high zoom ratio and high imaging quality, the traditional component moving type zooming mode has the defects of difficult miniaturization, low zooming speed and the like, and the application of the traditional component moving type zooming mode in emerging fields of intelligent robots, unmanned planes and the like is limited. The novel fixed zooming system adopts the optical power variable element to realize the zooming function, such as liquid lenses, deformable mirrors and other deformation devices, and the novel zooming system does not need to move optical components, so mechanical structures such as cam mechanisms and the like are not needed, and the novel zooming system has the characteristics of miniaturization, quick zooming, low energy consumption and the like, and gradually becomes a research and application hotspot in the field of optical zooming.
The currently used optical zoom system design methods mainly include two types: directly calculating a system Gaussian structure, such as a PW method, a Lens module solution and the like; and secondly, searching the optical system patents with similar functions, mainly comprising a zooming method and the like. However, for a complex optical system such as a new type of fixed zoom system, it is very difficult to directly calculate the gaussian structure of the system, the calculation process is tedious and time-consuming, and the design efficiency is extremely low. In addition, the new zoom system is still in the development stage, the related patents are very limited in type and number, and the design by the zooming method is not suitable. As described above, although the new type of fixed zoom system has the above-described advantages, there is a problem that it is difficult to achieve a high zoom ratio in many cases.
The above background disclosure is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the concept and technical solution of the present invention and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present patent application, and should not be used for evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the present application in the case that there is no clear evidence that the above content is disclosed at the filing date of the present patent application.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a high-zoom-ratio motionless zoom imaging method applying a deformation device, which can realize high-zoom-ratio motionless zoom imaging under the condition that the high-precision deformation range of the deformation device is limited.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method applying a deformation device, which comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a zoom equation of the motionless zoom system comprising a deformation device by adopting a Gaussian bracket method, and extracting key parameters capable of determining the zoom ratio of the motionless zoom system according to the zoom equation;
s2: calculating an initial-order aberration parameter of the motionless zoom system according to a vector aberration theory and a Seidel aberration coefficient;
s3: and establishing a nonlinear global evaluation function by combining the key parameters and the initial-order aberration parameters, and performing optimal solution retrieval on the nonlinear global evaluation function to obtain the motionless zoom system with high zoom ratio.
Preferably, the key parameters in step S1 include: and the equivalent focal length of the fixed zoom system and the error term of the defocus amount of the system.
Preferably, the initial order aberration parameters of the motionless zoom system in step S2 include error terms of initial order spherical aberration, initial order astigmatism, and initial order distortion of the motionless zoom system.
Preferably, in step S3, a global optimization algorithm is used to perform global optimal solution search on the nonlinear global evaluation function, a solution set that minimizes the value of the nonlinear global evaluation function is obtained, and a fixed zoom system with a high zoom ratio is obtained according to the solution set.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a high zoom ratio invariant zoom imaging method applying a deformation device, which takes a novel invariant zoom system as a model, analyzes the Gaussian solution characteristic and the initial aberration characteristic of a zoom equation of the novel zoom system by respectively applying a Gaussian bracket method and a vector aberration theory, constructs a global evaluation function capable of comprehensively evaluating the zoom capability and the imaging quality of the zoom system, converts the Gaussian structure design problem of the novel zoom system into the problem of retrieving the optimal solution by using a nonlinear global evaluation function, automatically retrieves the optimal Gaussian structure of the novel invariant zoom system, and further realizes high zoom ratio invariant zoom imaging under the condition that the high-precision deformation range of the deformation device is limited.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a high zoom ratio fixed zoom imaging method using a deformable device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a paraxial ray tracing model of a fixed focus system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a real ray tracing model of an optical system based on three optical component surface symmetry according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of the design of the stationary zoom system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
The novel fixed zoom system has good application prospect, but because the high-precision deformation of deformation devices such as the liquid lens, the deformable mirror and the like is limited, the zoom system obtained by the existing novel fixed zoom design method is difficult to realize high zoom ratio. Therefore, how to realize high zoom ratio in the high-precision deformation range of deformation devices such as deformable mirrors and the like has great significance for the development and application of novel zoom systems.
As shown in fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method using a deformation device, comprising the steps of:
s1: establishing a zoom equation of the motionless zoom system comprising a deformation device by adopting a Gaussian bracket method, and extracting key parameters capable of determining the zoom ratio of the motionless zoom system according to the zoom equation; wherein, the key parameters include: and error terms of the equivalent focal length of the motionless zoom system and the defocus amount of the system.
S2: calculating an initial-order aberration parameter of the motionless zoom system according to a vector aberration theory and a Seidel aberration coefficient; wherein, the initial aberration parameters of the motionless zoom system comprise: and error terms of the initial spherical aberration, the initial astigmatism and the initial distortion of the motionless zoom system.
S3: and establishing a nonlinear global evaluation function by combining the key parameters and the initial-order aberration parameters, and performing optimal solution retrieval on the nonlinear global evaluation function to obtain the motionless zoom system with high zoom ratio.
There are three key points in the preferred embodiment of the present invention: firstly, analyzing a zoom equation of the novel motionless zoom system by using a Gaussian bracket method, extracting a key parameter capable of determining the zoom ratio of the motionless zoom system, and associating the key parameter with the power change capability of a deformation device; introducing a vector aberration theory, analytically representing a primary-order aberration coefficient of the novel motionless zoom system by combining with the Sedel aberration coefficient, and directly introducing primary-order aberration evaluation in the system design stage; establishing a nonlinear global evaluation function capable of comprehensively evaluating the imaging performance and the zooming capability of the novel motionless zooming system, and performing global optimal solution retrieval on the evaluation function by using a global optimization algorithm (such as a genetic algorithm) to directly obtain the motionless zooming system with high zoom ratio and good imaging quality.
The high zoom ratio fixed zoom imaging method using a deformable device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
The implementation method of the specific example is as follows:
1) as shown in fig. 2, a multi-element motionless zoom system model including two deformation devices is established, wherein the multi-element motionless zoom system model adopts a quadratic aspheric surface, a novel motionless zoom equation is established based on the model, and the gaussian solution characteristics of the model are analyzed.
The system consists of n optical elements (in this specific example, the optical element surface type is a quadratic aspheric surface), wherein the mth and nth optical elements are optical power variable elements, namely deformation devices, such as liquid lenses or deformable mirrors. As shown in FIG. 2, 1 st to m-1 st optical elements are equivalently regarded as one having an optical power of φ pre Similarly, the (m + 1) th to (n-1) th optical elements are regarded as equivalent to one optical power of phi mid The optical component of (1). n is i Denotes a refractive index after the ith optical element, e' 0 ，e' 1 ，e' 2 And e' 3 Is the equivalent spacing, e ', between two adjacent optical components' 4 ＝e n Is the back working focal length of the zoom system. Definition of phi i (i-1, 2,3, …) is the focal power of different components of the optical system, e i (i ═ 1,2,3, …) is the equivalent separation between optical system component i and component i + 1. To describe the first order characteristics of the i-th to j-th components of the optical system, four Gaussian Constants (GGC's) were defined, one for each of the four Gaussian Constants i A j ， i B j ， i C j And i D j their expressions are as follows:
the gaussian bracket method is used for analyzing the multi-element motionless zoom system model shown in fig. 2, and a novel motionless zoom equation Z is obtained as follows:
the system equivalent focal power Φ is:
the algorithm and the near-axis tracking formula of the bracket method of gaussians are as follows:
wherein h is j Is the edge ray height of the jth optical element, h i Is the edge ray height of the ith optical element; u. of i Is an edge ray incident angle, u 'of the ith optical element' j The edge ray exit angle for the jth optical element.
According to equations (2), (3), the power of the deformation device can be expressed as:
equations (6) and (7) are monotonic functions, and the working focal length after system equivalent can be expressed as:
in summary, in the joint types (3), (8) and (9), the key parameters determining the zoom capability of the zoom system can be extracted as follows:
wherein, scalar A foc And A def Error terms representing the equivalent focal length of the zoom system and the defocus amount of the system are respectively; f represents the system equivalent focal length; Γ represents the system zoom ratio; phi L Represents the optical power of the zoom system in the long focus; delta phi m And delta phi n Respectively representing the variation of the focal power of the two deformation devices.
2) According to the vector aberration theory, the equivalent field of view of the jth optical element of the off-axis optical system of the novel motionless zoom system model is analyzed
As shown in equation (12). The aberration theory analysis of this example is for an off-axis optical system, but is also applicable to an on-axis optical system (i.e., zero field offset vector).
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing a normalized field-of-view vector,
representing the field offset vector for the jth optical element.
System parameter variable of novel fixed zoom systemThere are surface parameters of the deformed device, so the system model makes the following constraints. Firstly, Optical Axis Ray (OAR) of the system is defined, namely central ray of a zero field point of the system, and in order to ensure that the OAR of the zoom system is fixed and unchanged in the zooming process, in the design process of the system, a method of inclined surface and central deviation of the field of view is only adopted to realize the non-shielding off-axis of the system. This constraint is very important for the stabilization of the optical elements and the image plane position of the new type of motionless zoom system. In addition, the aspheric component of the optical element profile will not affect the normalized field of view vector of the system. Second, we agree that the off-axis optical system of the design is symmetric about the yoz plane. Thus, the spherical portion of the optic surface shape will not cause an x-direction shift to the normalized field of view vector of the system. Finally, based on the ray tracing of the fixed OAR of the fixed zoom system, the field of view offset vector of the system can be directly calculated
The real ray tracing model using a three-component plane-symmetric optical system as an example is shown in fig. 3. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
unit normal vector, o, representing optical surface of j-th optical element j Denotes the apex of the j-th optical element profile, S j Denotes the optical surface of the jth optical element, the vertex o of the face shape of the jth optical element j Angle of inclination alpha of j Equal to the OAR incident angle, and also vector
And the included angle of the OAR is equal.
Vector of FIG. 3 based on OAR local coordinates of each system optical element
May be represented by formula (13).
Wherein, SRM j And SRN j Respectively representing vectors
Normalized direction cosines along the y and z directions. Thus, the tilt angle α of the jth optical element of the system j May be represented by formula (14).
Thus, the field of view offset vector of the system can be expressed as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
represents the field offset vector of the jth optical element in the y-direction;
represents the edge ray exit angle of the jth optical element;
represents the central ray height of the jth optical element; c. C j Representing the curvature of the apex of the jth optical element facet.
And by combining with the Seidel aberration coefficient of the coaxial system, the parameter for representing the initial-order aberration of the system can be obtained by analysis.
First order spherical aberration
According to the vector aberration theory, the initial spherical aberration coefficient of the off-axis system can be expressed as
Wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
scalar A spa An error term representing the initial spherical aberration of the zoom system; w is a group of 040j Representing the initial-order spherical aberration coefficient of the jth optical element of the coaxial system; s Ⅰj A first Seidel aberration coefficient of a jth optical element of the coaxial system is shown, and superscripts sph and asph respectively represent a spherical surface and an aspherical surface; h is j Denotes the edge ray height, u, of the jth optical element j And u' j Respectively representing the edge ray incidence angle and the exit angle of the jth optical element; a. the j ＝(u' j -u j )/(1/n j+1 -1/n j )；c j The curvature of the vertex, k, of the surface shape of the jth optical element j Conic constant, n, representing the surface shape of the jth optical element j The refractive index after the jth optical element is shown.
First order astigmatism
According to the theory of vector aberration, the first-order astigmatism coefficient of an off-axis system can be expressed as
Wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
vector A ast To characterize zoomingAn error term of the system first-order astigmatism; w 222j Representing the first-order astigmatic coefficient of the jth optical element of the coaxial system;
representing the equivalent field of view for the jth optical element of the off-axis system; s Ⅲj A third Seidel aberration coefficient of a jth optical element of the coaxial system is shown, and superscripts sph and asph respectively represent a spherical surface and an aspherical surface;
h j indicating the marginal ray height of the jth optical element,
denotes the height of the central ray of the jth optical element, u j And u' j Respectively representing the edge ray incidence and emergence angles of the jth optical element,
and
respectively representing the central ray incidence angle and the exit angle of the jth optical element; c. C j The curvature of the vertex, k, of the surface shape of the jth optical element j Quadric parameter, n, representing the surface shape of the jth optical element j The refractive index after the jth optical element is shown.
Third distortion of the first order
According to the vector aberration theory, the first order distortion coefficient of an off-axis system can be expressed as
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
vector A dis An error term representing the initial distortion of the zoom system; w 311j Representing the initial distortion coefficient of the jth optical element of the coaxial system;
representing the equivalent field of view for the jth optical element of the off-axis system; s. the Ⅴj A fifth Seidel aberration coefficient of a jth optical element of the coaxial system is shown, and superscripts sph and asph respectively show a spherical surface and an aspherical surface; h is j Indicating the marginal ray height of the jth optical element,
denotes the height of the central ray of the jth optical element, u j And u' j Respectively representing the edge ray incidence angle and the exit angle of the jth optical element,
and
respectively representing the central ray incidence angle and the exit angle of the jth optical element;
c j the curvature of the vertex, k, of the surface shape of the jth optical element j Quadric parameter, n, representing the surface shape of the jth optical element j The refractive index after the jth optical element is shown.
3) And establishing a nonlinear global evaluation function L which can directly and comprehensively evaluate the imaging performance and the zooming capability of the zooming system in the working focal length range by combining the zooming equation analysis and the initial aberration analysis of the zooming system and applying the system parameter variables and invariants in the zooming process of the novel motionless zooming system.
The initial aberration of the zoom system, the zoom capability of the system (such as zoom ratio), and the gaussian characteristic of the system (such as the fixed back focal length of the zoom system) are all used as comprehensive evaluation indexes. The nonlinear global merit function is specifically expressed as follows:
wherein, the superscript l represents the l sampling focal length point of the zoom system; m represents the number of sampling focal points; h k Representing the kth sampled field-of-view point, N representing the number of sampled field-of-view points; e.g. of the type j Denotes the equivalent spacing, α, between the j-th and j + 1-th optical elements j Denotes the tilt angle of the jth optical element, c i 、c m And c n Respectively representing the curvature of the vertex of the ith, mth and nth optical element planes; k is a radical of formula i 、k m And k n Quadric surface parameters respectively representing the ith, mth and nth optical element surface shapes; v is i (i ═ 1,2,3, …) represents the weight of the corresponding term;
|||| 1 representing a1 norm.
A global optimization algorithm (e.g., a genetic algorithm) is used to search a system optimal gaussian structure satisfying the design requirements, that is, a solution set with the minimum numerical value of an evaluation function formula (25) is solved, and the main steps are shown in fig. 4 and include:
a1: determining the structural requirements of the zoom system: including the number of surface shapes, the position of an aperture diaphragm, the aperture of a pupil and the like;
a2: determining a zoom requirement of the zoom system: the zoom ratio of the zoom system, the focal power variation range of the deformation device and the like are included;
a3: fast coaxial system paraxial ray tracing based on the Gaussian bracket method;
a4: extracting a law of a solution meeting the zoom performance requirement of the zoom system according to a zoom equation derivation result of the fixed zoom system: including numerical values of the back working focal length of the system, etc.;
a5: based on the vector aberration theory, calculating the initial-order pixel coefficient of the off-axis system: including spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and the like;
a6: establishing a global evaluation function of the off-axis fixed zoom system: the evaluation index consists of the imaging quality and the zooming capability of the zooming system;
a7: carrying out optimal solution retrieval on the evaluation function by using a global optimization algorithm;
a8: judging whether the optimization termination condition is met, if so, executing the step A9, and if not, returning to the step A7;
a9: converting the optimal solution data obtained by retrieval into a Gaussian structure parameter of the zoom system;
a10: optical design software is used, and only the surface shape parameter of the Gaussian structure is optimized on the premise that other system parameters are not changed;
a11: and outputting the final Gaussian structure parameters of the motionless zoom system.
The novel design method of the motionless zoom system of the embodiment of the invention has the following three advantages:
(1) high zoom ratio; by analyzing the zooming equation of the novel fixed zooming system and comparing the power change capability delta phi of the deformation device m And delta phi n As a constraint condition, a key parameter capable of determining the zoom ratio of the zoom system is extracted
And
and then the deformation performance of the deformation device is utilized to the maximum extent, and the high zoom ratio of the novel fixed zoom system is realized.
(2) Efficient design: a nonlinear global evaluation function L capable of evaluating the imaging performance and the zooming capability of the novel zooming system simultaneously is established, the problem of system Gaussian structure design is converted into the problem of searching the optimal solution by utilizing the nonlinear global evaluation function L, the automatic searching of the optimal Gaussian structure of the novel immovable zooming system is further realized, and the design efficiency of the complex optical system is greatly improved.
(3) Performance regulation and control: the design method not only represents the zooming capability of the novel motionless zooming system, but also utilizes A spa 、A ast And A dis The three parameters analytically represent the initial-order aberration characteristic of the system; by controlling the weight of each error term of the nonlinear global evaluation function, the specific zoom system performance requirements (such as sacrificing the imaging performance of the system under the short-focus working condition, realizing the high resolution of the system under the long-focus working condition, etc.) can be realized.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several equivalent substitutions or obvious modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all the properties or uses are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. A high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method using a deformable device, comprising the steps of:
s1: establishing a zoom equation of an immovable zoom system comprising a deformation device by adopting a Gaussian bracket method, and extracting key parameters capable of determining the zoom ratio of the immovable zoom system according to the zoom equation;
s2: calculating an initial-order aberration parameter of the motionless zoom system according to a vector aberration theory and a Seidel aberration coefficient;
s3: establishing a nonlinear global evaluation function by combining the key parameters and the initial-order aberration parameters, and performing optimal solution retrieval on the nonlinear global evaluation function to obtain a high-zoom-ratio motionless zoom system;
in step S1, the zoom equation Z of the stationary zoom system including the deformation device, which is established by the gaussian bracket method, is:
Z＝[φ 1 ,-e 1 ,…,φ m ,-e m ,…,φ n ,-e n ]＝[φ pre ,-e' 1 ,φ m ,-e' 2 ,φ mid ,-e' 3 ,φ n ,-e' 4 ]＝0
wherein phi i (i ═ 1,2,3, …, n) is the optical power of the n optical elements in the fixed zoom system, e i (i ═ 1,2,3, …, n) is an equivalent interval between the i-th optical element and the i + 1-th optical element in the motionless zoom system, of the n optical elements in the motionless zoom system, the m-th and n-th optical elements are deformation devices as two optical elements, respectively, and the 1 st to m-1 st optical elements are equivalent to one optical power of phi pre The m +1 th to n-1 th optical elements are equivalent to one optical power phi mid Optical component of (1), e' 1 ，e' 2 And e' 3 Is the equivalent spacing between two adjacent optical components, at the same time, e' 4 ＝e n Is the back working focal length of the motionless zoom system.
2. A high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method according to claim 1, wherein said key parameters in step S1 comprise: and the equivalent focal length of the fixed zoom system and the error term of the defocusing amount of the system.
3. A high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method according to claim 1, wherein extracting key parameters that can determine the zoom ratio of the motionless zoom system from the zoom equation comprises: extracting an error term A of an equivalent focal length of the motionless zoom system foc Comprises the following steps:
wherein f represents an equivalent focal length of the motionless zoom system, 1 C n is a constant gaussian.
4. A high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method according to claim 3, 1 C n ＝[φ 1 ,-e 1 ,…,φ m ,-e m ,…,φ n ]＝[φ pre ,-e' 1 ,φ m ,-e' 2 ,φ mid ,-e' 3 ,φ n ]。
5. a high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method according to claim 1, wherein extracting key parameters capable of determining the zoom ratio of the motionless zoom system according to the zoom equation further comprises: extracting an error term A of the system defocusing amount of the motionless zoom system def Comprises the following steps:
wherein, is m And delta phi n Respectively representing the variation of focal power, phi, of two deformation devices L Denotes an optical power of the motionless zoom system in a telephoto, Γ denotes a magnification ratio of the motionless zoom system, 0 B n 、 0 D n 、 1 A m are gaussian constants respectively.
6. A high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method according to claim 5, 0 B n ＝[-e 0 ,φ 1 ,-e 1 ,…,φ n-1 ,-e n-1 ]， 0 D n ＝[-e 0 ,φ 1 ,-e 1 ,…,φ n-1 ,-e n-1 ,φ n ]， 1 A m ＝[φ 1 ,-e 1 ,φ 2 ,-e 2 ,…,φ m-1 ,-e m-1 ]，e 0 is the equivalent separation between the object plane and the 1 st optical element in the motionless zoom system.
7. A high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method according to claim 1, wherein the initial aberration parameters of the motionless zoom system in step S2 comprise error terms of initial spherical aberration, initial astigmatism and initial distortion of the motionless zoom system.
8. A high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method according to claim 7, wherein the error term A of the initial spherical aberration of the motionless zoom system spa Comprises the following steps:
wherein the stationary zoom system comprises n optical elements, A j ＝(u' j -u j )/(1/n j+1 -1/n j )，u j And u' j Respectively representing the edge ray incidence and exit angles, n, of the j-th optical element j Denotes the refractive index after the jth optical element, h j Denotes the marginal ray height of the jth optical element, c j The curvature of the vertex, k, of the surface shape of the jth optical element j And (3) a conic constant representing the surface shape of the jth optical element.
9. A high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method according to claim 7, wherein the error term A of the first order astigmatism of the motionless zoom system ast Comprises the following steps:
wherein the stationary zoom system comprises n optical elements,
A j ＝(u' j -u j )/(1/n j+1 -1/n j )；u j and u' j Respectively representing the edge ray incidence and exit angles, n, of the j-th optical element j Denotes the refractive index after the jth optical element, h j Indicating the marginal ray height of the jth optical element,
represents the central ray height of the jth optical element,
and
respectively representing the central ray incidence and exit angles of the jth optical element, c j The curvature of the vertex, k, of the surface shape of the jth optical element j The conic constant representing the face shape of the jth optical element,
the equivalent field of view for the jth optical element.
10. A high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method according to claim 9,
representing a normalized field-of-view vector,
representing the field offset vector for the jth optical element.
11. A high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method according to claim 7, wherein the error term A of the initial order distortion of the motionless zoom system dis Comprises the following steps:
wherein the stationary zoom system comprises n optical elements,
A j ＝(u' j -u j )/(1/n j+1 -1/n j )；u j and u' j Respectively representing the edge ray incidence and exit angles, n, of the j-th optical element j Denotes the refractive index after the jth optical element, h j Indicating the marginal ray height of the jth optical element,
represents the central ray height of the jth optical element,
and
respectively representing the central ray incidence and exit angles of the jth optical element, c j The curvature of the vertex, k, of the surface shape of the jth optical element j The conic constant representing the face shape of the jth optical element,
the equivalent field of view for the jth optical element.
12. A high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method according to claim 11,
representing a normalized field-of-view vector,
representing the field offset vector for the jth optical element.
13. A high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method according to claim 1, wherein the non-linear global merit function established in step S3 is:
the fixed zoom system comprises n optical elements, the mth optical element and the nth optical element are deformation devices, and the superscript l represents the ith sampling focal point of the fixed zoom system; m represents the number of sampling focal points; h k Representing the kth sampled field-of-view point, N representing the number of sampled field-of-view points; e.g. of the type j Denotes the equivalent spacing, α, between the jth and j +1 th optical elements j Denotes the tilt angle of the jth optical element, c i And k i Respectively representing the vertex curvature and the quadric surface parameter of the ith optical element surface shape; c. C m And k m Respectively representing the vertex curvature and the quadric surface parameter of the mth optical element surface shape; c. C n And k n Respectively representing the vertex curvature and the quadric surface parameter of the surface shape of the nth optical element;
ν i (i-1, 2,3, …) represents the weight of the corresponding term, a foc An error term being the equivalent focal length of the motionless zoom system, A def An error term for the systematic defocus of the motionless zoom system, A spa An error term, A, for the initial spherical aberration of the motionless zoom system ast Error term for the astigmatism of first order of the motionless zoom system, A dis Is the error term of the initial distortion of the motionless zoom system, | | | | | non-calculation 1 Representing a1 norm.
14. A high zoom ratio motionless zoom imaging method according to claim 13, wherein a global optimization algorithm is used in step S3 to perform global optimal solution search on the nonlinear global merit function, and a solution set that minimizes the value of the nonlinear global merit function is obtained, and a motionless zoom system with a high zoom ratio is obtained according to the solution set.
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| CN113406792B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-08-26 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Fixed double-telecentric zoom scanning imaging system and main structure parameter determination method |
| CN115079406B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-09-01 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Design method of catadioptric type fixed anti-telephoto zoom system |
| CN116540407B (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-09-22 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Design method, system, equipment and medium for low polarization aberration three-reflection optical system |
| CN117194849B (en) * | 2023-11-06 | 2024-01-12 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Surface shape error solving method based on vector multiplication |
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| CN111542775A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2020-08-14 | 布鲁塞尔自由大学 | Optical design method for imaging system and optical system designed by the method |
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| CN112558296B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-09-09 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | High-zoom-ratio motionless zoom imaging method applying deformation device |
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