CN112558017B - Polarization target three-component decomposition result color visualization method and system - Google Patents

Polarization target three-component decomposition result color visualization method and system Download PDF

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CN112558017B
CN112558017B CN202011224654.4A CN202011224654A CN112558017B CN 112558017 B CN112558017 B CN 112558017B CN 202011224654 A CN202011224654 A CN 202011224654A CN 112558017 B CN112558017 B CN 112558017B
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color
component
span
target
power
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CN112558017A (en
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王勋
李东
张云华
刘博�
杨杰芳
陈洪彦
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Battlefield Environment Institute Of Air Force Academy Of Pla
National Space Science Center of CAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/04Display arrangements
    • G01S7/046Display arrangements using an intermediate storage device, e.g. a recording/reproducing device
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
    • G01S13/9021SAR image post-processing techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/024Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/10Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a polarization target three-component decomposition result color visualization method and a polarization target three-component decomposition result color visualization system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: reading in full polarization synthetic aperture radar data to obtain a target coherence matrix [ T ]]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For target coherence matrix [ T ]]Freeman-Durden three-component decomposition is performed, resulting in three power components: surface scattering power component P s Dihedral angle scattered power component P d And the volume scattering component P v The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For three power components P s 、P d And P v Normalizing; calculating a total scattering power Span; carrying out rapid median iteration normalization processing on the total scattered power Span to obtain Span'; and selecting a color model and a corresponding color channel mapping scheme according to the requirements, and displaying the pseudo-color composite image. The method can effectively enhance the color visualization effect of the three-component decomposition result of the polarized target of the full-polarized synthetic aperture radar data, increase the readability of images and promote the detection, identification and classification of the target.

Description

Polarization target three-component decomposition result color visualization method and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of polarized target decomposition result visualization, in particular to a polarized target three-component decomposition result color visualization method and a polarized target three-component decomposition result color visualization system.
Background
In analysis of polarized synthetic aperture radar (Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar, polSAR) data, model-based polarized target incoherent decomposition is an effective and popular tool, which is an important component of target decomposition theory, and has the advantages of clear physical interpretation, convenient implementation, easy visual interpretation, and the like. The method aims at representing measured multi-view polarized SAR data as a combination of different scattering mechanism models, each model describing an actual physical scattering process. In 1998, freeman and Durden were the earliest to propose a three-component target decomposition method, which opened the way of model-based polarization target decomposition (A.Freeman, S.L.Durden.A three-component scattering model for polarimetric SAR [ J ]. IEEE Transactions on Geo-science and Remote Sensing,1998,36 (3): 963-973). From this point, as one of the important means for extracting radar echo target information, the method has made a lot of new progress, and has remained a focus of attention in the field of polarized target decomposition research so far.
The rapid median iteration normalization technology can adjust the dynamic range of the synthetic aperture radar image, increase the target detail and improve the image display effect through three operations of rapid median iteration processing, logarithmic processing and maximum value-minimum value normalization processing.
According to the definition of the total scattering power Span, the total scattering power Span can be understood as incoherent superposition of the power of each polarized channel, in the process, a certain speckle suppression effect can be obtained, and in addition, the Span in a reasonable dynamic range can better keep the edge, texture, size and shape information of polarized SAR data, so that the Span can be integrated into the display of the polarized SAR image.
Polarization target decomposition may extract polarization characteristic parameters from the polarization data that are closely related to the nature of the target itself. The effective presentation and visual depiction of the parameters has great significance for applications such as subsequent polarized SAR image interpretation, target classification, detection and identification and the like. The traditional method for visualizing the polarized SAR target decomposition result is to display the decomposition result in the form of a gray image for visual interpretation, so that the formed polarized SAR image has poor readability and an unsatisfactory visual effect, and is not beneficial to later analysis and understanding. Human eyes vary color compared to gray scale
The method is more sensitive, so that the polarized target decomposition result can be displayed in a color image mode, the indistinguishable gray scale difference in the gray scale image can be converted into the color difference which is easy to distinguish by human eyes, more target information is reflected, and visual interpretation of the image is facilitated. The color space pseudo-color processing, namely color visualization, is a polarization target decomposition result visualization means with better effect developed on the basis of the traditional gray image visualization. Color visualization is chosen primarily for two reasons: firstly, the color is used as a powerful drawing, so that more target information and details in a polarized target decomposition result can be mined and reflected, and the polarized SAR image space is remarkably enriched, thereby being beneficial to target identification and distinction; secondly, the human eyes are more sensitive to the difference and change of the colors, namely, the human eyes have stronger distinguishing ability of the colors. Color visualization can improve the resolution of the image, thereby facilitating visual analysis and understanding of the image by the human eye. The color spaces commonly used are: RGB, HSV, HSI, CIELab, etc. Many scholars at home and abroad develop related researches aiming at color space color fusion of the decomposition result of the polarization target. One of the most widely used conventional methods is to generate a pseudo-color composite map by assigning it to three channels R, G, B of the RGB color space, respectively, according to the feature object attributes represented by the polarization object decomposition results. For example, in Freeman-Durden three-component decomposition, P is directly decomposed s To blue channel, directly P d Assigned to red channel, directly let P v Giving the green channel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to enhance the color visualization effect of the decomposition result of a polarized target and promote the interpretation of a polarized synthetic aperture radar image.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a polarization target three-component decomposition result color visualization method, the method comprising:
reading in full polarization synthetic aperture radar data to obtain a target coherence matrix [ T ];
for target coherence matrix [ T ]]Freeman-Durden three-component decomposition is performed, resulting in three power components: surface scattering power component P s Dihedral angle scattered power component P d And the volume scattering component P v
For three power components P s 、P d And P v Normalizing;
calculating a total scattering power Span;
carrying out rapid median iteration normalization processing on the total scattered power Span to obtain Span';
and selecting a color model and a corresponding color channel mapping scheme according to the requirements and displaying the pseudo-color composite image.
As an improvement of the above method, the pair of three power components P s 、P d And P v Normalizing; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein P' s 、P′ d And P' v Representing normalized surface, dihedral and bulk scattered power components, respectively.
As an improvement of the above method, the calculating total scattered power Span; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the target coherence matrix [ T ] is:
the total scattered power Span is:
Span=T 11 +T 22 +T 33
as an improvement of the above method, the selecting a color model and a corresponding color channel mapping scheme according to the requirement, displaying a pseudo color composite image specifically includes:
when the selected color model is an RGB model, the mapping scheme is:
normalized power component P' d 、P′ v And P' s Multiplying Span after the fast median iteration normalization treatment, namely Span', and the following formula:
will beP s RGB And P v RGB Respectively mapped to the red, green and blue channels, as follows:
when the selected color model is the HSI model, the mapping scheme is:
according to normalized power component P' d 、P′ v And P' s The hue component H in the HSI model is calculated by the following method:
according to normalized power component P' d 、P′ v And P' s The saturation component S in the HSI model is calculated by the following method:
span' is assigned to the luminance component I in the HSI color space as follows:
I=Span′
based on (H, S, I), the HSI color space is converted back to the RGB color space for display.
Embodiment 2 of the present invention proposes a polarization target three-component decomposition result color visualization system, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the above method when executing the computer program.
The invention has the advantages that:
the method and the system respectively provide two new decomposition result color visualization schemes based on two object-oriented different color models, and provide a new thought for the rapid improvement of the visual effect of the polarized synthetic aperture radar image based on different display requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a polarized target three-component decomposition result color visualization method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an optical image of Google in the Oberpfaffenhofen area of Germany;
FIG. 3 is a pseudo-color composite diagram of the Freeman-Durden three-component decomposition result of fully polarized synthetic aperture radar data using a conventional RGB direct mapping color visualization method;
FIG. 4 is a pseudo-color composite map based on RGB color space of Freeman-Durden three-component decomposition results of fully polarized synthetic aperture radar data obtained by the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a pseudo-color composite plot based on the HSI color space of Freeman-Durden three-component decomposition results of fully polarized synthetic aperture radar data obtained by the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, embodiment 1 of the present invention proposes a polarization target three-component decomposition result color visualization method, comprising the steps of:
step 1) reading in full polarization synthetic aperture radar data to obtain a target coherence matrix [ T ];
step 2) target coherence matrix [ T ]]Freeman-Durden three-component decomposition is performed, resulting in three power components: surface scattering power component P s Dihedral angle scattered power component P d And the volume scattering component P v
Step 3) for three power components P s ,P d And P v Normalizing;
step 4) calculating a total scattering power Span;
step 5), carrying out rapid median iteration normalization processing on the total scattered power Span to obtain Span';
and 6) selecting a color model and a corresponding color channel mapping scheme according to the requirement and displaying a pseudo-color image.
The steps in the method of the present invention are further described below.
In the step 1), reading in full polarization synthetic aperture radar data to obtain a coherent matrix [ T ] of a target; in one embodiment, the data read in is full polarization data acquired by the L-band on-board ESAR developed by DLR in the Oberpfaffenhofen region of Germany.
Based on the coherence matrix [ T ] of the object obtained in step 1)]In step 2), we apply to [ T ]]Freeman-Durden three-component decomposition is performed, resulting in corresponding three power components: surface scattering power component P s Dihedral angle scattered power component P d And the volume scattering component P v
Based on the three power components obtained by the three-component decomposition of the target coherence matrix in the embodiment obtained in step 2), in step 3), the three power components P s ,P d And P v Normalization was performed as follows:
wherein P' s 、P′ d And P' v Representing normalized surface, dihedral and bulk scattered power components, respectively.
In step 4), based on the definition of the coherence matrix [ T ] and the total scattered power Span of the target obtained in step 1), the total scattered power Span corresponding to the embodiment is calculated as follows:
Span=T 11 +T 22 +T 33
in step 5), the total scattered power Span corresponding to the embodiment is processed by using a fast median iteration normalization processing technology to obtain Span', namely, the fast median iteration operation is performed first, then the logarithmic operation is performed, and finally the maximum-minimum normalization operation is performed.
In step 6), the color model to be used is first selected according to the display requirements: RGB or HSI, then carrying out component mapping according to a color channel mapping scheme corresponding to the selected color model:
when the RGB model is selected, the normalized power component P 'is first normalized' d 、P′ v And P' s Multiplying Span after the fast median iteration normalization treatment, namely Span', and the following formula:
and then will beP s RGB And P v RGB Respectively mapped to the red, green and blue channels, as follows:
finally, carrying out RGB pseudo-color synthesis on the three channels to obtain corresponding polarized synthetic aperture radar RGB pseudo-color images;
when the HSI model is selected,first by normalizing the power component P' d 、P′ v And P' s The hue component H in the HSI model is calculated as follows:
and then normalize the power component P' d 、P′ v And P' s The saturation component S in the HSI model is calculated by the following method:
span' is then assigned to the luminance component I in the HSI color space as follows:
I=Span′
and finally, converting the HSI color space back to the RGB color space to obtain the polarized synthetic aperture radar pseudo-color image corresponding to the embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a google optical image of the obenpfaffenhofen area. Fig. 3 is a pseudo-color synthetic diagram of the Freeman-Durden three-component decomposition result of the full-polarization synthetic aperture radar data obtained by the conventional RGB direct mapping color visualization method, and it can be seen that the diagram has a poor display effect due to the problems of large dynamic range, etc., and the displayed target ground object information is limited and the details are not clear. In contrast, fig. 4 and fig. 5 are pseudo-color synthesis graphs based on RGB color models and HSI color models respectively of the Freeman-Durden three-component decomposition result obtained by the method of the present invention, where the total scattered power Span rapid median iteration normalization technique processes the selected iteration number k=5. The two images can be seen to have obviously enhanced display effect, obviously increased target details and characteristics, and can clearly distinguish targets such as runways and tarmac of buildings, forests, roads, residential areas and airport areas, and the effectiveness of the proposed color visualization scheme is proved. In addition, compared with the pseudo-color synthetic image obtained based on the RGB color model, the pseudo-color synthetic image obtained based on the HSI color model is more in line with the habit of human eyes, and the visual effect is better. The size of the images is 1300×1200.
Embodiment 2 of the present invention proposes a polarization target three-component decomposition result color visualization system, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method of embodiment 1 when executing the computer program.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A method for color visualization of a polarization target three-component decomposition result, the method comprising:
reading in full polarization synthetic aperture radar data to obtain a target coherence matrix [ T ];
for target coherence matrix [ T ]]Freeman-Durden three-component decomposition is performed, resulting in three power components: surface scattering power component P s Dihedral angle scattered power component P d And the volume scattering component P v
For three power components P s 、P d And P v Normalizing;
calculating a total scattering power Span;
carrying out rapid median iteration normalization processing on the total scattered power Span to obtain Span';
and selecting a color model and a corresponding color channel mapping scheme according to the requirements, and displaying the pseudo-color composite image.
2. According to claimThe method for visualizing a three-component decomposition result of a polarized object according to claim 1, wherein said pair of three power components P s 、P d And P v Normalizing; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein P is s ′、P′ d And P' v Representing normalized surface, dihedral and bulk scattered power components, respectively.
3. The method for visualizing the three-component decomposition result color of a polarized target according to claim 2, wherein said calculating a total scattered power Span; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the target coherence matrix [ T ] is:
the total scattered power Span is:
Span=T 11 +T 22 +T 33
4. the method for visualizing the three-component decomposition result color of a polarized object according to claim 3, wherein said selecting a color model and a corresponding color channel mapping scheme according to the requirement displays a pseudo-color composite image, specifically comprising:
when the selected color model is an RGB model, the mapping scheme is:
normalized power component P' d 、P′ v And P s 'multiplied by Span after the fast median iterative normalization process, span', as follows:
will beAnd->Respectively mapped to the red, green and blue channels, as follows:
when the selected color model is the HSI model, the mapping scheme is:
according to normalized power component P' d 、P′ v And P s ' calculate the hue component H in the HSI model, the calculation method is as follows:
according to normalized power component P' d 、P′ v And P s ' calculate saturation component S in HSI model, the calculation method is as follows:
span' is assigned to the luminance component I in the HSI color space as follows:
I=Span′
based on (H, S, I), the HSI color space is converted back to the RGB color space for display.
5. A polarization target three-component decomposition result color visualization system comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method of any of claims 1-4 when executing the computer program.
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