CN112557932A - Method and device for determining health condition of energy storage device and power supply system - Google Patents
Method and device for determining health condition of energy storage device and power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 382
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
Abstract
One or more embodiments of the present specification provide a method and an apparatus for determining the health condition of an energy storage device, and a power supply system, and the method may include: periodically and alternately implementing charging operation of a first time length and standing dormancy of a second time length on the energy storage device to be detected; and determining the health condition of the energy storage device to be detected, wherein the health condition is related to the voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected in the standing and sleeping stage.
Description
Technical Field
One or more embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of power technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for determining a health condition of an energy storage device, and a power supply system.
Background
Compared with a conventional UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply), an HVDC (High-Voltage Direct Current) Power Supply system has the advantages of simple structure, low loss, High efficiency and the like, and is widely applied to an IDC (Internet Data Center) machine room to Supply Power to electric equipment such as a server in the machine room. The HVDC power supply system comprises an energy storage device, and the energy storage device can realize short-time power supply for electric equipment in a machine room in emergency so as to ensure the uninterrupted operation of the electric equipment. Of course, the energy storage device may also have other uses and is not limited to HVDC power supply systems.
However, the energy storage device may suffer from aging of the structure, performance degradation, and the like during operation, so that the energy storage device may not meet the use requirement normally, and even may suffer from transient interruption during emergency discharge. Therefore, it is desirable to know the health of the energy storage device as accurately as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and an apparatus for determining a health condition of an energy storage device, and a power supply system.
To achieve the above object, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following technical solutions:
in accordance with a first aspect of one or more embodiments herein, there is provided a method of determining a health of an energy storage device, comprising:
periodically and alternately implementing charging operation of a first time length and standing dormancy of a second time length on the energy storage device to be detected;
and determining the health condition of the energy storage device to be detected, wherein the health condition is related to the voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected in the standing and sleeping stage.
According to a second aspect of one or more embodiments of the present specification, there is provided a power supply system including:
the high-voltage direct current power supply outputs high-voltage direct current to electric equipment through a direct current bus;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage device are connected in parallel to the direct current bus through a first circuit and a second circuit respectively;
the charging and discharging module is arranged on the first line and the second line and used for charging or discharging the energy storage device;
the energy storage device monitoring module is used for detecting voltage data of the energy storage device;
the controller is respectively connected to the charge-discharge module and the energy storage device monitoring module, and is configured to control the energy storage device to periodically and alternately perform a charging operation for a first duration and a standing sleep for a second duration through the charge-discharge module, and acquire voltage data of the energy storage device in a standing sleep stage through the energy storage device monitoring module, so as to implement the method for determining the health condition of the energy storage device according to the first aspect.
According to a third aspect of one or more embodiments herein, there is provided an apparatus for determining a health of an energy storage device, comprising:
the charging control unit periodically and alternately implements charging operation of a first time length and standing dormancy of a second time length on the energy storage device to be detected;
the state determining unit is used for determining the health state of the energy storage device to be detected, and the health state is related to the voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected in the standing and sleeping stage.
According to a fourth aspect of one or more embodiments of the present specification, there is provided an electronic apparatus comprising:
a processor;
a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;
wherein the processor implements the method of the first aspect by executing the executable instructions.
According to a fifth aspect of one or more embodiments of the present description, a computer-readable storage medium is presented, having stored thereon computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of determining energy storage device health provided by an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a timing diagram of a periodic charging provided by an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a server power supply provided by an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of an apparatus for determining a health of an energy storage device according to an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with one or more embodiments of the present specification. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of one or more embodiments of the specification, as detailed in the claims which follow.
It should be noted that: in other embodiments, the steps of the corresponding methods are not necessarily performed in the order shown and described herein. In some other embodiments, the method may include more or fewer steps than those described herein. Moreover, a single step described in this specification may be broken down into multiple steps for description in other embodiments; multiple steps described in this specification may be combined into a single step in other embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of determining energy storage device health provided by an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the method may include the steps of:
and 102, periodically and alternately implementing charging operation of a first time length and standing sleep of a second time length on the energy storage device to be detected.
In an embodiment, the energy storage device to be detected may comprise a storage battery or a storage battery pack used in a power supply system, for example, the power supply system may comprise a HVDC power supply system or other type of power supply system, which is not limited in this specification. Of course, the energy storage device to be detected may be any other type of battery or battery pack, and is not necessarily included in the power supply system.
In an embodiment, when the energy storage device to be detected is subjected to the charging operation for the first duration, the charging operation may be constant voltage charging, constant current charging, or constant voltage and constant current charging, which is not limited in this specification. And in the standing and sleeping stage, the charging operation of the energy storage device to be detected is stopped, so that the energy storage device to be detected automatically discharges.
In an embodiment, the energy storage device to be detected can be charged to full charge by the charging operation in the first duration, so that the voltage of the energy storage device to be detected reaches the maximum value, and when the energy storage device to be detected really has problems such as short circuit, an obvious voltage drop can be generated after the energy storage device to be detected enters the standing dormancy state, so that the judgment accuracy is improved.
In an embodiment, the second time period should be large enough to enable the voltage drops generated by the energy storage device or the single energy storage element to be detected in the normal state and the abnormal state to be clearly distinguished, for example, the difference between the voltage drops is not less than a preset value.
For example, fig. 2 is a timing diagram of a periodic charging provided by an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 2, the operation cycle for the energy storage device to be tested may be T, and in each cycle with the duration of T, a charging operation phase with the duration of T1 and a standing sleep phase with the duration of T2 are further included. In the standing and sleeping stage, the charging voltage of the energy storage device to be detected is 0, namely the charging operation of the energy storage device to be detected is terminated; and in the charging operation stage, the energy storage device to be detected can be charged based on the preset voltage value. In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the charging operation phase may employ pulse charging, such as: intermittently charging the energy storage device to be detected, wherein the charging time of each time is t3, and the intermittent time is t 4; while in other embodiments, the charging phase of operation may implement continuous charging.
And 104, determining the health condition of the energy storage device to be detected, wherein the health condition is related to the voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected in the standing and sleeping stage.
In one embodiment, when the charging operation is performed on the energy storage device to be detected, a floating charging mode is generally adopted, that is, continuous constant-voltage charging is performed on the energy storage device to be detected. Especially for the storage battery or the storage battery pack in the power supply system, the storage battery or the storage battery pack is in a floating charging state for a long time in the normal operation process of the power supply system. Therefore, the voltage value of the energy storage device to be detected in the charging stage is always kept to be the maximum voltage value, which may cover the problem of the energy storage device to be detected, and the method cannot be used for accurately judging the health condition of the energy storage device to be detected.
Therefore, the present specification proposes to alternately perform the charging operation and the standing dormancy, so that the energy storage device to be detected stops receiving the electric energy input from the outside in the standing dormancy stage, and when the health condition of the energy storage device to be detected or the single energy storage element is normal, the self-discharge is relatively less in the standing and sleeping stage, the detected voltage data has relatively small numerical value and relatively smooth change, when the health condition of the energy storage device or the single energy storage element to be detected is abnormal, the self-discharge is relatively more in the standing and sleeping stage, and the detected voltage data has relatively larger numerical value and relatively violent change, so that the health condition of the energy storage device to be detected (the overall condition of the energy storage device or the monomer condition of a monomer energy storage element contained in the energy storage device, which depends on whether the acquired voltage data is related to the energy storage device or the monomer energy storage element) can be accurately reflected.
In an embodiment, the voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected in the static sleep stage may include: the average voltage of the start period in the still sleep phase, the average voltage of the end period in the still sleep phase, and the like. For example, the start period may be the first hour of the still sleep phase, i.e., the start period average voltage may be the average voltage of the first hour of the still sleep phase, and the end period may be the last hour of the still sleep phase, i.e., the end period average voltage may be the average voltage of the last hour of the still sleep phase.
In an embodiment, the voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected in the static sleep stage may include: the overall voltage data corresponding to the energy storage device to be detected, the monomer voltage data corresponding to the monomer energy storage element in the energy storage device to be detected, and the like. The overall voltage data is generated by all the single energy storage elements contained in the energy storage device to be detected, for example, the start period average voltage may include a start period overall group average voltage, and the end period average voltage may include an end period overall group average voltage. The single body voltage data is generated by a single body energy storage element contained in the energy storage device to be detected, and the single body energy storage element can be any energy storage element in the energy storage device to be detected; assuming that the energy storage device to be detected comprises 20 energy storage elements, that is, the energy storage device to be detected comprises 20 single energy storage elements, 20 sets of single voltage data can be acquired in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so as to be respectively used for determining the operating conditions of the 20 single energy storage elements. For cell voltage data, for example, the start period average voltage described above may include a start period cell average voltage, and the end period average voltage described above may include an end period cell average voltage.
In an embodiment, according to voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected in the resting and sleeping stage, the health condition of the energy storage device to be detected or the single energy storage element contained in the energy storage device to be detected can be identified: normal or abnormal; particularly, when the energy storage device or the single energy storage element to be detected is in an abnormal condition, the alarm can be given to the energy storage device or the single energy storage element to be detected, so that a user is warned or prompted to replace the energy storage device or the single energy storage element in time.
The health condition may be determined based on a rate of change of the parameter values. Taking the overall voltage data corresponding to the energy storage device to be detected as an example, the overall voltage data may include the whole set of average voltages U of the energy storage device to be detected in the initial period of each cycleS-S1The whole group of average voltages U in the termination periodS-S2Then: when the change rate of the whole group of average voltages is greater than the preset change rate, it indicates that the self-discharge electric quantity of the energy storage device to be detected in the standing and sleeping stage is too high, which may be caused by reasons such as internal short circuit of the energy storage device to be detected, and can determine that the whole energy storage device to be detected is abnormal, and alarm the energy storage device to be detected. For example, Δ U may be calculatedS-S＝US-S1-US-S2And draw US-S1、US-S2And Δ US-SOf at least one parameter of the group consisting ofAnd when the slope of any curve changes by more than 10% or other preset proportion, determining that the change rate of the whole group of average voltages is greater than the preset change rate.
Taking the cell voltage data corresponding to the cell energy storage element in the energy storage device to be detected as an example, for a certain cell energy storage element in the energy storage device to be detected, the cell voltage data may include the cell average voltage U of the cell energy storage element at the initial period in each cycleS-1The mean voltage of the cell during the termination period US-2Then: when the change rate of the average voltage of the single body is greater than the preset change rate, the self-discharge electric quantity of the single body energy storage element in the standing and sleeping stage is over high, which may be caused by reasons such as internal short circuit of the single body energy storage element, and the like, so that the single body energy storage element can be judged to have individual abnormality, other single body energy storage elements can be judged to be normal, and the single body energy storage element can be alarmed; for example, Δ U may be calculatedS＝US-1-US-2And draw US-1、US-2And Δ USIs determined such that when the slope of the curve changes by more than 10% or other predetermined ratio, the rate of change of the entire set of average voltages is determined to be greater than the predetermined rate of change. Similarly, each individual energy storage element in the energy storage device to be tested can determine whether an alarm is needed based on a similar manner.
The current measured data may be compared to historical data to determine operating conditions. Taking the overall voltage data corresponding to the energy storage device to be detected as an example, the overall voltage data may include the whole set of average voltages U of the energy storage device to be detected in the initial period of each cycleS-S1The whole group of average voltages U in the termination periodS-S2Or Δ U as described aboveS-S＝US-S1-US-S2Then: when the difference between the value of the whole group of average voltages and the historical value is greater than a first preset difference (for example, the difference is greater than 10%), similar to the foregoing embodiment, it may be determined that the energy storage device to be detected is wholly abnormal, and an alarm is given to the energy storage device to be detected. The historical value can be measured on the energy storage device to be detected in a certain historical time periodInitial period whole set of average voltage US-S1Average value of (d), the entire set of average voltages U during the termination periodS-S2Average value of or Δ US-S＝US-S1-US-S2Etc., for example, the historical period may be the last 2 months or other set period.
Taking the cell voltage data corresponding to the cell energy storage element in the energy storage device to be detected as an example, for a certain cell energy storage element in the energy storage device to be detected, the cell voltage data may include the cell average voltage U of the cell energy storage element at the initial period in each cycleS-1The mean voltage of the cell during the termination period US-2Or Δ U as described aboveS＝US-1-US-2Then: when the difference between the average voltage value and the historical value of the single body is greater than a first preset difference (for example, the difference is greater than 10%), similar to the foregoing embodiment, it can be determined that the single body energy storage element is individually abnormal, and other single body energy storage elements are possibly normal, and an alarm can be given to the single body energy storage element. The historical value can be the initial period monomer average voltage U measured by the monomer energy storage element in a certain historical periodS-1Average value of (1), end period monomer average voltage US-2Average value of or Δ US＝US-1-US-2Etc., for example, the historical period may be the last 2 months or other set period. Similarly, each individual energy storage element in the energy storage device to be tested can determine whether an alarm is needed based on a similar manner.
In an embodiment, when a plurality of energy storage devices to be detected exist in the same power supply system, abnormal conditions can be determined through mutual comparison among the plurality of energy storage devices to be detected. In the voltage data respectively corresponding to the energy storage devices to be detected, when the numerical difference of the same parameter is greater than a second preset difference value (for example, the difference exceeds 10V), the operating conditions of the energy storage devices to be detected are inconsistent, and an alarm can be given to the corresponding energy storage devices. Assuming that the energy storage device 1 and the energy storage device 2 to be detected exist, the whole group of average voltages U of the energy storage device 1 in the initial period can be obtained respectivelyS-S1The whole group of average voltages U in the termination periodS-S2And the starting period of the energy storage device 2 is the entire set of average voltages US-S3The whole group of average voltages U in the termination periodS-S4By combining U withS-S1And US-S3Comparing or comparing US-S2And US-S4Comparing or comparing US-S1-US-S2And US-S3-US-S4And comparing, so that when the numerical value difference is large, an alarm indicates that one of the energy storage device 1 and the energy storage device 2 is abnormal, and the abnormal energy storage device can be identified by combining other information or a user checks the abnormal energy storage device. When three or more energy storage devices exist, parameter values can be compared on the basis of the mode, and if the parameter value of one energy storage device is different from the parameter values of other energy storage devices greatly, the energy storage device can be judged to be abnormal and an alarm is given.
Besides the voltage data collected in the static dormant state, the energy storage device or the single energy storage element which needs to give an alarm can be identified according to the voltage data collected in the charging process. Taking the pulse charging process shown in fig. 2 as an example: in each cycle, the whole set of average voltages U of the energy storage device to be detected in all the t3 time periods of the single cycle can be obtainedM-S1The entire set of average voltages U for all time periods t4M-S2And the cell average voltage U of each cell energy storage element in the energy storage device to be detected in all the t3 time periods of a single cycleM-1Monomer average voltage U for all t4 time periodsM-2And calculating Δ UM-S＝UM-S1-UM-S2、△UM＝UM-1-UM-2. Correspondingly, according to UM-S1、UM-S2、△UM-S、UM-1、UM-2、△UMAnd determining the energy storage device or the single energy storage element in the abnormal condition and giving an alarm by adopting the modes of 'change rate of parameter value taking' or 'comparison with historical data' and the like.
The charging state of the energy storage device to be detected in the using process is introduced, namely, the state of alternately performing charging operation and standing dormancy is introduced; the energy storage device to be detected can also be switched to other states, such as a uniform charging state, a nuclear capacity discharging state, an emergency discharging state and the like.
In a nuclear capacity discharge state, namely when capacity check discharge is carried out on the energy storage device to be detected, the discharge voltage of each single energy storage element contained in the energy storage device to be detected can be recorded, so that when any single energy storage element meets at least one of the following conditions, the condition that any single energy storage element is in an abnormal state is indicated, and an alarm can be given to any single energy storage element: the discharge cutoff voltage of any single energy storage element is reached first, and the difference between the discharge voltage of any single energy storage element and the discharge voltage of other single energy storage elements in the group reaches a third preset difference (for example, the difference is more than 20%).
It should be noted that: when the energy storage device to be detected is in a non-HVDC power supply system, the energy storage device to be detected can only be subjected to low-power partial-capacity nuclear capacity discharge, and the health condition of the energy storage device to be detected cannot be known completely and accurately. When the HVDC power supply system is adopted in the present specification, the full-power and full-capacity nuclear-capacitance discharging operation can be performed on the energy storage device to be detected included in the HVDC power supply system, so that the health condition of the energy storage device to be detected can be accurately known.
For the health degree of the energy storage device to be detected, the health degree can be characterized through various indexes, such as: service life, monomer life, discharge life and the like can provide quantitative basis for maintenance of the energy storage element. The service life is the actual operating period of the energy storage device to be detected. The service life of the single energy storage element is related to the condition of the single energy storage element, so that the consumed service life T1 of the corresponding energy storage device can be estimated according to the operating condition of the single energy storage element contained in the energy storage device to be detected, for example, the consumed service life T1 can be calculated according to the following formula:
T1＝(Lb/(La×k))×N；
the method comprises the steps of detecting the number of single energy storage elements in an energy storage device to be detected, wherein La is the total number of the single energy storage elements contained in the energy storage device to be detected, Lb is the number of the single energy storage elements in a group which are subjected to alarm, k is the preset maximum proportion of the single energy storage elements which are subjected to alarm, and N is the theoretical life of the energy storage device. For example, the empirical value of k may be 0.3, and the empirical value of N may be 7 years; then, assuming that La is 120, it may be determined that the value of T1 is in positive correlation with the value of Lb, and when the value of Lb reaches 120 × 0.3 to 36, it may be determined that T1 is 7 years, indicating that the energy storage device to be detected has reached the theoretical life, the energy storage device should be considered to be replaced, and when the value of Lb is, for example, 18, and then T1 is calculated to be 3.5 years, then the theoretical life of the energy storage device still exists for 3.5 years.
The discharge life is related to the discharge capacity of the energy storage device to be detected, so that the consumed life T2 of the corresponding energy storage device can be estimated according to the discharge capacity of the energy storage device to be detected, for example, the consumed life T2 can be calculated according to the following formula:
T2＝((∑Pi+∑Qj)/(Lc×Q0))×N；
pi is the discharge energy in the ith nuclear capacity discharge process, Qi is the discharge energy in the jth emergency discharge process, Lc is the preset upper discharge frequency limit of the energy storage device to be detected, Q0 is the rated standby capacity of the energy storage device to be detected, and N is the theoretical life of the energy storage device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a server power supply provided by an exemplary embodiment. Taking a power supply scheme in an IDC scenario as an example, two power supply circuits shown in fig. 3 exist in a server in an IDC room: line 1 docks the mains supply to achieve ac supply, while line 2 docks is based on the HVDC power supply system to achieve high voltage dc supply.
An HVDC power supply system may comprise: the HVDC power supply outputs high-voltage direct current to the server through a direct current bus 10; the energy storage device has a positive electrode and a negative electrode which are respectively connected in parallel to the dc bus 10 through a first line and a second line, for example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage device 1 are respectively connected in parallel to the dc bus 10 through a line L11 and a line L21, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage device 2 are respectively connected in parallel to the dc bus 10 through a line L12 and a line L22; a charge-discharge module, disposed on the first line (including lines L11 and L12) and the second line (including lines L21 and L22), for charging or discharging the energy storage device; the energy storage device monitoring module is configured to detect voltage data of the energy storage device, for example, the energy storage device monitoring module 1 is configured to monitor the energy storage device 1, and the energy storage device monitoring module 2 is configured to monitor the energy storage device 2; the controller is respectively connected to the charge-discharge module and the energy storage device monitoring module 1-2, and is configured to control the energy storage device 1-2 to periodically and alternately perform the charging operation for the first duration and the standing sleep for the second duration through the charge-discharge module, and acquire voltage data of the energy storage device 1-2 in a standing sleep stage through the energy storage device monitoring module 1-2, so as to implement the scheme for determining the health condition of the energy storage device in the embodiment shown in fig. 1-2, which is not described herein again. Of course, the controller may also output the related data to a certain processing chip or a computing device, and the processing chip or the computing device implements the above scheme for determining the health condition of the energy storage device, which is not limited in this specification.
For the energy storage device monitoring module 1-2, in addition to the aforementioned voltage data, measurement and recording of further parameters can be implemented. For example, the energy storage device monitoring module 1-2 may measure and record the voltage, the current, the temperature, and the internal resistance of each single energy storage element included in the energy storage device 1-2, and measure and record the parameters of the entire set of voltage, the entire set of current, and the like of the energy storage device 1-2.
Of course, the HVDC power supply system does not necessarily comprise a plurality of energy storage devices, for example only one energy storage device may be comprised, and only one energy storage device monitoring module may be required. Of course, the HVDC power supply system may also contain more energy storage devices, and the number of energy storage device monitoring modules increases accordingly. When a plurality of energy storage devices are simultaneously contained, even if some energy storage devices are abnormal, the rest energy storage devices can still realize emergency discharge so as to ensure the uninterrupted operation of the server.
When the number of energy storage devices is plural, such as the energy storage devices 1-2 shown in fig. 3 as an example, the HVDC power supply system may include: the switching modules corresponding to the energy storage devices, for example, the switching module SW1 corresponding to the energy storage device 1 and the switching module SW2 corresponding to the energy storage device 2 in fig. 3, are in one-to-one correspondence. The switching module SW1-2 may be a controllable switch, so as to switch the on/off state between the corresponding energy storage device and the charging/discharging module under the control of the controller, for example, the controllable switch may be implemented by a power electronic switch or a contactor. For example, the switching module SW1 includes switches on lines L11 and L21, respectively, and the switching module SW2 includes switches on lines L12 and L22, respectively, so that the controller can control the states of the switches to further control the on/off state between the energy storage device 1-2 and the charging and discharging module.
For example, the controller may control the switching module SW1-2 to enable only one of the energy storage devices 1-2 to be connected to the charging and discharging module and the other to be disconnected from the charging and discharging module at the same time, so that different charging voltages and currents are adopted for each energy storage device, and deep nuclear capacity discharge may be performed for some energy storage devices without affecting the standby power safety of other energy storage devices, so as to achieve effective decoupling between the energy storage devices 1-2.
The HVDC power supply system may further comprise an emergency discharge module to ensure that the energy storage device 1-2 can discharge to the dc bus 10 under any operating condition, thereby achieving reliable emergency power supply to the server. The emergency discharging module can comprise a one-way conduction circuit, the one-way conduction circuit is connected between the direct current bus 10 and the energy storage device, and one-way conduction can be realized when the power supply of the server is abnormal; for example, the unidirectional conducting circuit corresponding to energy storage device 1 may include lines L31 and L41 shown in fig. 3, and the unidirectional conducting circuit corresponding to energy storage device 2 may include lines L32 and L42 shown in fig. 3, where a diode D1 is disposed on line L31, a diode D2 is disposed on line L41, a diode D3 is disposed on line L32, and a diode D4 is disposed on line L42. Of course, besides the diode, the unidirectional conducting circuit may also adopt a component for realizing unidirectional conduction, such as a Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR), and the like, which is not limited in this specification.
The energy storage device voltage of the energy storage device 1-2 should not be lower than the lowest dc supply voltage value of the server, i.e. the lowest voltage value required by the server for normal operation. For example, when the lowest dc supply voltage value is 210V, the energy storage device voltage of the energy storage devices 1-2 may be 215V. In one embodiment, the energy storage device voltage of the energy storage device 1-2 may not be higher than the lowest normal output voltage value of the high voltage dc power supply; for example, the normal output voltage range of the HVDC module is 240V to 270V, the lowest normal output voltage value is 240V, and the voltage of the energy storage device 1-2 may not be higher than 240V, so that the diodes D1 to D4 are not triggered to conduct and discharge in the normal power supply process of the high-voltage direct-current power supply, and the energy storage device 1-2 is always kept in a floating charge state. Assuming that the normal output voltage of the HVDC module is 240V, i.e. the voltage value on the dc bus 10 is usually 240V, when the HVDC module is abnormal, the voltage value on the dc bus 10 will drop, and when the voltage value drops below 215V, the diodes D1-D4 can be activated to conduct, so that the energy storage device 1-2 discharges to the dc bus 10 to support the uninterrupted operation of the server. Since the energy storage device 1 is connected to the dc bus 10 through the lines L11-L21 and L31-L41, respectively, even if the switching module SW1 is in an off state or the charging and discharging module is not switched to the discharging mode, the energy storage device 1 can still realize reliable emergency discharging through the lines L31-L41; similarly in the case of the energy storage device 2, a reliable emergency discharge can likewise be achieved via the lines L32-L42.
In one embodiment, the controller may know whether the unidirectional conducting circuit is in the unidirectional conducting state. For example, the emergency discharge module may include functions of temperature monitoring, short circuit detection, current direction monitoring, voltage and current measurement, etc., wherein the current measurement function may enable the emergency discharge module to measure the current I1 on the line L31, the current I2 on the line L32, and provide the measured current to the controller; wherein, when the current I1 is greater than a predetermined current value (e.g., 50A or other value), it indicates that the line L31 is in a unidirectional conducting state, and when the current I2 is greater than the predetermined current value (e.g., 50A or other value), it indicates that the line L32 is in a unidirectional conducting state. And when the controller determines that the unidirectional conduction circuit is in a unidirectional conduction state, the switching module SW1-2 can be controlled to conduct the energy storage device 1-2 and the charging and discharging module, and the charging and discharging module is controlled to convert the voltage of the energy storage device 1-2 to be not lower than the lowest direct current supply voltage value, and then the voltage is output to the direct current bus 10, namely the energy storage device 1-2 supplies power to the direct current bus 10 through lines L11-L21 and L12-L22, and does not supply power to the direct current bus 10 through lines L31-L41 and L32-L42. In other words, the one-way conduction line is used for emergency power supply only in the initial period in the embodiment, and is also used as a trigger condition for the charge-discharge module, so that after voltage conversion is performed by the charge-discharge module in the subsequent period, power is supplied to the dc bus 10 by using the lines L11-L21 and L12-L22.
Assuming that the voltage of the energy storage device 1-2 is 215V, but the voltage is only the maximum voltage value of the energy storage device 1-2 in a full power state, and the energy storage device 1-2 often has a large voltage drop in a discharging process, if the diodes D1-D4 are directly adopted to output electric energy, the voltage value on the dc bus 10 may be larger than the voltage of the energy storage device in stages, so that the diodes D1-D4 are cut off, and the dc bus 10 cannot be normally supplied with electric power, and the charging and discharging module can stably convert the electric energy of the energy storage device 1-2 to be not smaller than the minimum dc supply voltage value, and cannot be affected by the voltage drop of the energy storage device, so as to ensure that the dc electric energy is stably output to the dc bus 10, and ensure that the server can operate uninterruptedly.
Besides the working condition of the emergency discharge, the charge and discharge module can also be used for charge and discharge control under other working conditions. For example, in the nuclear capacity discharge condition, the controller may control the switching module SW1-2 to turn on the energy storage device 1-2 and the charge and discharge module, and the charge and discharge module controls the energy storage device 1-2 to perform constant power discharge to the dc bus.
It can be seen that, the charging and discharging module, the controller, the energy storage device monitoring module 1-2, the switching module SW1-2, the emergency discharging module and the like in the above embodiments form a standby power monitoring and maintaining integrated device for the energy storage device 1-2, and can automatically realize the processes of floating charging, uniform charging, capacity checking discharging, emergency discharging and the like for the energy storage device 1-2 without manual intervention, and the device is highly automatic and reliable.
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus provided in an exemplary embodiment. Referring to fig. 4, at the hardware level, the apparatus includes a processor 402, an internal bus 404, a network interface 406, a memory 408, and a non-volatile memory 410, but may also include hardware required for other services. The processor 402 reads the corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory 410 into the memory 408 and runs it, forming a means for determining the health of the energy storage device on a logical level. Of course, besides software implementation, the one or more embodiments in this specification do not exclude other implementations, such as logic devices or combinations of software and hardware, and so on, that is, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, and may also be hardware or logic devices.
Referring to fig. 5, in a software implementation, the means for determining the health of the energy storage device may include:
the charging control unit 51 is used for periodically and alternately implementing charging operation of a first time length and standing dormancy of a second time length on the energy storage device to be detected;
the condition determining unit 52 determines a health condition of the energy storage device to be detected, where the health condition is related to voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected in a static sleep stage.
Optionally, the voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected in the static sleep stage includes at least one of the following:
the average voltage of the starting period in the static sleep phase and the average voltage of the ending period in the static sleep phase.
Optionally, the charging operation comprises pulse charging; the health condition is also related to voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected in a pulse charging phase.
Optionally, the voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected in the pulse charging phase includes at least one of the following:
a charging period average voltage in the pulse charging phase, a charging gap average voltage in the pulse charging phase.
Optionally, the voltage data corresponding to the energy storage device to be detected includes at least one of the following: and the overall voltage data correspond to the energy storage device to be detected, and the monomer voltage data correspond to the monomer energy storage element in the energy storage device to be detected.
Optionally, the method further includes:
and the first alarm unit 53 alarms the energy storage device or the single energy storage element corresponding to any parameter when the change rate of any parameter in the voltage data corresponding to the energy storage device to be detected is greater than a preset change rate.
Optionally, the method further includes:
and the second alarm unit 54 is configured to alarm the energy storage device or the single energy storage element corresponding to any parameter when a difference between a value of any parameter in the voltage data corresponding to the energy storage device to be detected and the historical value is greater than a first preset difference.
Optionally, a plurality of energy storage devices to be detected exist in the same power supply system; the method further comprises the following steps:
and the third alarm unit 55 is configured to alarm any one of the energy storage devices to be detected when a numerical difference between the overall voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected and the overall voltage data of the other energy storage devices to be detected is greater than a second preset difference value in the overall voltage data respectively corresponding to the plurality of energy storage devices to be detected.
Optionally, the method further includes:
the recording unit 56 is used for recording the discharge voltage of each single energy storage element contained in the energy storage device to be detected when the energy storage device to be detected is subjected to nuclear capacity discharge;
a fourth alarm unit 57, configured to alarm for any single energy storage element when the single energy storage element satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the difference between the discharge voltage of any single energy storage element and the discharge voltage of other single energy storage elements in the group reaches a third preset difference.
Optionally, the health condition of the energy storage device to be detected includes: the estimated consumed life T1 of the energy storage device based on the condition of the single energy storage element is (Lb/(La multiplied by k)) × N;
and La is the total number of the monomer energy storage elements contained in the energy storage device to be detected, Lb is the number of the monomer energy storage elements in the group which are subjected to alarm, k is the preset maximum proportion of the monomer energy storage elements which are subjected to alarm, and N is the theoretical life of the energy storage device.
Optionally, the health condition of the energy storage device to be detected includes: the energy storage device consumed life estimated based on the discharge amount is T2 ═ ((∑ Pi + ∑ Qj)/(Lc × Q0)) × N;
pi is discharge energy in the ith nuclear capacity discharge process, Qj is discharge energy in the jth emergency discharge process, Lc is a preset discharge frequency upper limit of the energy storage device to be detected, Q0 is rated standby capacity of the energy storage device to be detected, and N is the theoretical life of the energy storage device.
In this specification, the energy storage element may be a single battery or a battery pack of a plurality of batteries, and the energy storage device may include one or more energy storage elements. Therefore, when the energy storage device comprises an energy storage element which is a single battery, the energy storage device equivalently comprises only one battery; when the energy storage device includes one energy storage element, the energy storage element includes a plurality of batteries, or the energy storage device includes a plurality of energy storage elements, the energy storage device is equivalent to include a plurality of batteries, that is, the energy storage device may be a battery pack.
The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer, which may take the form of a personal computer, laptop computer, cellular telephone, camera phone, smart phone, personal digital assistant, media player, navigation device, email messaging device, game console, tablet computer, wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.
In a typical configuration, a computer includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic disk storage, quantum memory, graphene-based storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing description has been directed to specific embodiments of this disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.
The terminology used in the description of the one or more embodiments is for the purpose of describing the particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the description of the one or more embodiments. As used in one or more embodiments of the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in one or more embodiments of the present description to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments herein. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the scope of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
Claims (18)
1. A method of determining a health of an energy storage device, comprising:
periodically and alternately implementing charging operation of a first time length and standing dormancy of a second time length on the energy storage device to be detected;
and determining the health condition of the energy storage device to be detected, wherein the health condition is related to the voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected in the standing and sleeping stage.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the voltage data of the energy storage device to be tested in the static sleep phase comprises at least one of:
the average voltage of the starting period in the static sleep phase and the average voltage of the ending period in the static sleep phase.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the charging operation comprises pulsed charging; the health condition is also related to voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected in a pulse charging phase.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the voltage data of the energy storage device to be tested during the pulse charging phase comprises at least one of:
a charging period average voltage in the pulse charging phase, a charging gap average voltage in the pulse charging phase.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the voltage data corresponding to the energy storage device to be tested comprises at least one of: and the overall voltage data correspond to the energy storage device to be detected, and the monomer voltage data correspond to the monomer energy storage element in the energy storage device to be detected.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and when the change rate of any parameter in the voltage data corresponding to the energy storage device to be detected is greater than the preset change rate, alarming the energy storage device or the single energy storage element corresponding to any parameter.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and when the difference value between the value of any parameter in the voltage data corresponding to the energy storage device to be detected and the historical value is larger than a first preset difference value, alarming the energy storage device or the single energy storage element corresponding to any parameter.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that there are a plurality of energy storage devices to be tested within the same power supply system; the method further comprises the following steps:
and in the overall voltage data respectively corresponding to the energy storage devices to be detected, when the numerical difference between the overall voltage data of any energy storage device to be detected and the overall voltage data of other energy storage devices to be detected is larger than a second preset difference value, alarming is carried out on any energy storage device to be detected.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
recording the discharge voltage of each single energy storage element contained in the energy storage device to be detected when the energy storage device to be detected is subjected to nuclear capacity discharge;
when any single energy storage element meets at least one of the following conditions, alarming is carried out on the single energy storage element: the difference between the discharge voltage of any single energy storage element and the discharge voltage of other single energy storage elements in the group reaches a third preset difference.
10. The method according to any one of claims 6-9, wherein the health of the energy storage device to be tested comprises: the estimated consumed life T1 of the energy storage device based on the condition of the single energy storage element is (Lb/(La multiplied by k)) × N;
and La is the total number of the monomer energy storage elements contained in the energy storage device to be detected, Lb is the number of the monomer energy storage elements in the group which are subjected to alarm, k is the preset maximum proportion of the monomer energy storage elements which are subjected to alarm, and N is the theoretical life of the energy storage device.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the health of the energy storage device to be detected comprises: the energy storage device consumed life estimated based on the discharge amount is T2 ═ ((∑ Pi + ∑ Qj)/(Lc × Q0)) × N;
pi is discharge energy in the ith nuclear capacity discharge process, Qj is discharge energy in the jth emergency discharge process, Lc is a preset discharge frequency upper limit of the energy storage device to be detected, Q0 is rated standby capacity of the energy storage device to be detected, and N is the theoretical life of the energy storage device.
12. A power supply system, comprising:
the high-voltage direct current power supply outputs high-voltage direct current to electric equipment through a direct current bus;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage device are connected in parallel to the direct current bus through a first circuit and a second circuit respectively;
the charging and discharging module is arranged on the first line and the second line and used for charging or discharging the energy storage device;
the energy storage device monitoring module is used for detecting voltage data of the energy storage device;
the controller is respectively connected to the charge-discharge module and the energy storage device monitoring module, and is configured to control the energy storage device to periodically and alternately perform a charging operation for a first duration and a standing sleep for a second duration through the charge-discharge module, and acquire voltage data of the energy storage device in a standing sleep stage through the energy storage device monitoring module, so as to implement the method for determining the health condition of the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
13. The power supply system of claim 12, wherein the number of energy storage devices is plural; the power supply system further includes:
and the switching modules are in one-to-one correspondence with the energy storage devices and connected with the controller and are used for switching the on-off state between the corresponding energy storage devices and the charging and discharging modules under the control of the controller.
14. The power supply system of claim 12, further comprising:
the unidirectional conduction circuit is connected between the direct current bus and the energy storage device and can realize unidirectional conduction when the power supply of the electric equipment is abnormal;
and the voltage of the energy storage device is not lower than the lowest direct current power supply voltage value of the electric equipment and not higher than the lowest normal output voltage value of the high-voltage direct current power supply source.
15. The power supply system according to claim 14, wherein the controller controls the charging and discharging module to convert the voltage of the energy storage device to a value not lower than the lowest dc supply voltage value and output the converted voltage to the dc bus when it is determined that the unidirectional conduction circuit is in a unidirectional conduction state.
16. An apparatus for determining a health of an energy storage device, comprising:
the charging control unit periodically and alternately implements charging operation of a first time length and standing dormancy of a second time length on the energy storage device to be detected;
the state determining unit is used for determining the health state of the energy storage device to be detected, and the health state is related to the voltage data of the energy storage device to be detected in the standing and sleeping stage.
17. An electronic device, comprising:
a processor;
a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;
wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1-11 by executing the executable instructions.
18. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, carry out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-11.
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