CN112557297A - Method for measuring sliding friction coefficient between two materials - Google Patents
Method for measuring sliding friction coefficient between two materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN112557297A CN112557297A CN202011459213.2A CN202011459213A CN112557297A CN 112557297 A CN112557297 A CN 112557297A CN 202011459213 A CN202011459213 A CN 202011459213A CN 112557297 A CN112557297 A CN 112557297A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring the sliding friction coefficient between two materials, which measures necessary parameters by using a sliding friction coefficient measuring system, wherein the necessary parameters comprise sliding friction force and positive pressure, the sliding friction coefficient mu can be calculated according to a set formula, the sliding friction force is obtained by the measuring system, and the positive pressure is obtained by the weight calculation of a weight arranged on the measuring system; the measuring method comprises six steps of cleaning the first test piece and the second test piece, installing the first test piece and the second test piece, descending the first test piece to be in contact with the second test piece, collecting sliding friction force, and disassembling the first test piece. The invention has smart concept and compact and reasonable structure, collects the quality by the positive pressure loading piece, the testing piece I is in sliding contact with the testing piece II rotating at high speed under the pressure of the positive pressure, the sliding friction force is obtained by the contact of the pressure sensor and the testing piece I fixed seat during the test, and the data is transmitted to the data processing system so as to calculate and obtain the corresponding sliding friction coefficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction coefficient measurement, in particular to a method for measuring a sliding friction coefficient between two materials.
Background
The ice surface can be scratched by the movement on the ice, the requirement on the use environment of the real ice is high, and in order to maintain the flatness of the ice surface and ensure normal use, a large amount of manpower and material resources are required to be invested to maintain the ice surface. With the continuous research and development of new materials, various ice simulation materials are gradually applied to ice simulation yards, but the ice simulation materials made of different materials have different characteristics. How to develop a measurement method to detect whether the simulated ice materials of different materials meet the use standard through automatic data acquisition and transmission becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the coefficient of sliding friction between two materials, which solves the problems listed in the background art mentioned above.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a method for measuring the sliding friction coefficient between two materials, which utilizes a sliding friction coefficient measuring system to measure necessary parameters, wherein the necessary parameters comprise sliding friction force and positive pressure, and the sliding friction coefficient mu between the two materials can be calculated according to a set formula:
in the formula: f is sliding friction; n is a positive pressure;
the sliding friction coefficient measuring system comprises a vertical positive pressure loading system, a sliding speed loading system, a controller and a data processing system, the vertical positive pressure loading system is provided with a positive pressure loading part and a pressure sensor, the data of the positive pressure loading part is input into the data processing system, the first test piece arranged on the vertical positive pressure loading system and the second test piece arranged on the sliding speed loading system are in sliding contact to generate sliding friction force, the sliding friction force is obtained by the pressure sensor and is transmitted to the controller, the controller and the data processing system transmit and exchange data through a communication cable, and after the data and the sliding friction force of the positive pressure loading piece are all transmitted to the data processing system, the sliding friction coefficients corresponding to the two testing pieces in different speed and pressure states are directly obtained through a set calculation formula.
Furthermore, the vertical positive pressure loading system and the sliding speed loading system are both arranged on a working platform of the frame, the vertical positive pressure loading system comprises a vertical motion assembly and a guide assembly, the vertical motion assembly comprises an electric push rod, a guide shaft fixing plate, a linear optical axis and a fixed balancing weight, a bottom connecting seat of the electric push rod is arranged on an L-shaped convex plane of a fixing seat, a top connecting seat of the electric push rod is arranged on the back surface of the guide shaft fixing plate, the guide assembly is arranged between the guide shaft fixing plate and the fixing seat, an upper box type bearing seat and a lower box type bearing seat are arranged at two ends of the guide shaft fixing plate, the upper end and the lower end of the linear optical axis are slidably connected in the box type bearing seats, the fixed balancing weight is positioned and clamped on the linear optical axis, a fixing seat of the test piece, the positive pressure loading piece is placed on the fixed balancing weight; the pressure sensor is arranged on one side of the first testing piece fixing seat, and the working end of the pressure sensor is in contact with the first testing piece fixing seat during testing; the second testing piece is detachably connected to the sliding speed loading system and is driven to rotate by the sliding speed loading system.
Still further, the sliding speed loading system comprises a servo motor, a speed reducer, a coupler and a rotary table, wherein the servo motor is connected with the speed reducer through bolts, the speed reducer is connected with the working platform through bolts, the speed reducer is connected with the bottom of the coupler through bolts and pins, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the coupler in a transmission mode, the coupler penetrates through the working platform and is connected with the rotary table, the two testing pieces are detachably mounted on the top surface of the rotary table, and the top end of the coupler is locked through a pressing cap.
Still further, the direction subassembly includes first connecting plate, second connecting plate and linear slide rail, first connecting plate, second connecting plate are arranged from top to bottom and pass through bolted connection in the back of guide shaft fixed plate, the linear slide rail passes through the bolt-up and installs the front of fixing base, the back of first connecting plate, second connecting plate is provided with the guide chute, the guide chute with the linear slide rail phase-match.
Still further, the pressure sensor is connected on the guide shaft fixing plate through a pressure sensor fixing seat, and the pressure sensor fixing seat is connected on the guide shaft fixing plate through a bolt.
Still further, the bottom of fixing base is provided with the horizontal migration subassembly, the horizontal migration subassembly includes horizontal slip table keysets, horizontal slip table and step motor, the horizontal slip table passes through the horizontal slip table keysets is installed work platform is last, step motor's work end passes through the shaft coupling and is connected with the one end of lead screw, the other end of lead screw is rotatable to be installed on the horizontal slip table, threaded connection has on the horizontal migration seat on the lead screw, the bottom of fixing base with the horizontal migration seat is connected, and step motor's drive is followed down lead screw horizontal migration.
Still further, the specific measurement method comprises the following steps: firstly, the setting of parameters required for the experimental test operation by the controller comprises: the device comprises a working diameter, a running speed, a running time and a counterweight, wherein the working diameter controls a first test piece on a vertical positive pressure loading system to move horizontally through a horizontal moving assembly, the first test piece is far away from or close to a second test piece on a sliding speed loading system, the running speed and the running time mainly control the rotating speed of a servo motor, and the counterweight is determined by the number of manually placed weights;
firstly, carefully removing oil stains on the surfaces of a test piece I and a test piece II by using acetone or ethanol, and not directly contacting the surfaces of the test piece I and the test piece II by hands after the test piece I and the test piece II are cleaned;
step two, mounting a first test piece and a second test piece, wherein an electric push rod of the vertical positive pressure loading system works to drive a vertical motion assembly to be adjusted to the highest point, and the first test piece is mounted on a first test piece fixing seat; then placing the corresponding weights required by the experimental test on the fixed balancing weight;
meanwhile, mounting a cleaned second test piece on a turntable of the sliding speed loading system, wherein the first test piece is positioned above the second test piece;
the position of the horizontal sliding table is aligned, an operation button is started, and the horizontal sliding table drives the vertical positive pressure loading system to move backwards to the original position and then move to the set diameter;
step three, the first test piece descends, the vertical positive pressure loading system is adjusted to enable the vertical motion assembly to drive the test piece to descend to the upper surface of the second test piece, the distance between the bottom of the fixed balancing weight and the box-type bearing seat is 10mm, and the first test piece is in close contact with the second test piece under the influence of positive pressure generated by the weight;
step four, collecting sliding friction force: the test piece II rotates, a servo motor on the sliding speed loading system starts to work, after the test piece II is accelerated for a set time, the speed reaches a set value of 0-20km/h, and a pressure sensor does not acquire data in the process;
after the speed is stable, the whole operation is stable, the pressure sensor collects data at the moment, a relatively stable sliding friction force is obtained by measurement after the set working time is reached, the servo motor decelerates to stop, and the operation is finished;
and fifthly, disassembling the first test piece and the second test piece, wherein the electric push rod resets to drive the first test piece to rise through the vertical motion assembly, the first test piece is disassembled when the electric push rod rises to the highest position, the second test piece is disassembled simultaneously, the weight is taken down from the fixed balancing weight and placed in the weight box, and at the moment, a working cycle is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention relates to a method for measuring the sliding friction coefficient between two materials, which comprises the steps of measuring necessary parameters by using a sliding friction coefficient measuring system, wherein the necessary parameters comprise sliding friction force and positive pressure, and the sliding friction coefficient mu between the two materials can be calculated according to a set formula, wherein the sliding friction force is obtained by the measuring system, and the positive pressure is obtained by weight calculation of weights arranged on the measuring system; the specific measuring method comprises the following steps: cleaning a test piece II, installing a test piece I and a test piece II, descending the test piece I to be in contact with the test piece II, collecting sliding friction force, and disassembling the test piece I, wherein the specific measurement system comprises a sliding speed loading system, a vertical positive pressure loading system, a pressure sensor, a controller and a data processing system so as to realize rapid measurement and calculation of data. The invention has smart concept and compact and reasonable structure, collects the quality by the positive pressure loading piece, the testing piece I is in sliding contact with the testing piece II rotating at high speed under the pressure of the positive pressure, the sliding friction force is obtained by the contact of the pressure sensor and the testing piece I fixed seat during the test, and the data is transmitted to the data processing system so as to calculate and obtain the corresponding sliding friction coefficient.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated in the following description with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of measuring the coefficient of sliding friction between two materials;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a sliding friction coefficient measuring system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a vertical positive pressure loading system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a vertical positive pressure loading system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the slip speed loading system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation steps of the measurement method of the present invention;
description of reference numerals: 1. a frame; 2. a sliding speed loading system; 3. a vertical positive pressure loading system; 4. a weight box; 5. ground feet; 6. a weight; 7. a pressure sensor; 701. a pressure sensor holder;
201. a servo motor; 202. a speed reducer; 203. a coupling; 204. a turntable; 205. a second test piece; 206. a compression cap;
301. a horizontal sliding table adapter plate; 302. a horizontal sliding table; 303. a stepping motor; 304. a fixed seat; 305. the electric push rod connecting plate; 306. an electric push rod; 307-1, a first connecting plate; 307-2, a second connecting plate; 308. a guide shaft fixing plate; 309. a linear optical axis; 310. a box-type bearing seat; 311. fixing a balancing weight; 312. a linear slide rail; 313. a guide shaft connecting plate; 314. a sliding group; 315. a fixed seat of the test piece; 316. and testing the first test piece.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a method for measuring the sliding friction coefficient between two materials, using a sliding friction coefficient measuring system, will measure the necessary parameters, including the sliding friction force and the positive pressure, and according to the set formula, the sliding friction coefficient μ between two materials can be calculated:
in the formula: f is sliding friction; n is a positive pressure;
the sliding friction coefficient measuring system comprises a vertical positive pressure loading system 3, a sliding speed loading system 2, a controller and a data processing system, the vertical positive pressure loading system is provided with a positive pressure loading part and a pressure sensor, the data of the positive pressure loading part is input into the data processing system, the first test piece 316 arranged on the vertical positive pressure loading system and the second test piece 205 arranged on the sliding speed loading system are in sliding contact to generate sliding friction force, the sliding friction force is obtained by the pressure sensor and is transmitted to the controller, the controller and the data processing system transmit and exchange data through a communication cable, and after the data and the sliding friction force of the positive pressure loading piece are all transmitted to the data processing system, the sliding friction coefficients corresponding to the two testing pieces in different speed and pressure states are directly obtained through a set calculation formula. Specifically, the positive pressure loading piece can be a weight 6, the weight 6 is placed in a weight box 4, and the weight box 4 is welded or bolted at the corner of a working platform at the top of the machine frame 1.
As shown in fig. 2-5, the vertical positive pressure loading system 3 and the sliding speed loading system 2 are both mounted on the working platform of the frame 1, the vertical positive pressure loading system 3 includes a vertical motion assembly and a guiding assembly, the vertical motion assembly includes an electric push rod 306, a guide shaft fixing plate 308, a linear optical axis 309 and a fixed weight block 311, a bottom connecting seat of the electric push rod 306 is mounted on an L-shaped protruding plane of a fixing seat 304, a top connecting seat of the electric push rod 306 is mounted on the back surface of the guide shaft fixing plate 308, the guiding assembly is mounted between the guide shaft fixing plate 308 and the fixing seat 304, the fixing seat 304 is mounted on the working platform of the frame 1 by fastening bolts, the guide shaft fixing plate 308 is connected with the electric push rod 306 and realizes height position adjustment through telescopic operation of the electric push rod, an upper box-type bearing seat 310 and a lower box-type bearing seat 310 are mounted at two ends of the guide shaft fixing plate 308, the upper end and the lower end of the linear optical axis 309 are slidably connected in the box-type bearing seats 310, a fixed balancing weight 311 is positioned and clamped on the linear optical axis 309, a first testing piece fixing seat 315 is connected to the bottom of the linear optical axis 309 through a sliding group, and the positive pressure loading piece is placed on the fixed balancing weight 311; the pressure sensor is arranged on one side of the first testing piece fixing seat, and the working end of the pressure sensor is in contact with the first testing piece fixing seat during testing; the second testing piece is detachably connected to the sliding speed loading system and is driven to rotate by the sliding speed loading system 2.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in particular, the guide assembly includes a first connecting plate 307-1, a second connecting plate 307-2, and a linear slide rail 312, the first connecting plate 307-1 and the second connecting plate 307-2 are arranged up and down and connected to the back of the guide shaft fixing plate 308 through bolts, the linear slide rail 312 is fixedly mounted in front of the fixing base 304 through bolts, and guide slide grooves are formed in the back of the first connecting plate and the back of the second connecting plate and are matched with the linear slide rail. The guide chutes on the back surfaces of the first connecting plate 307-1 and the second connecting plate 307-2 are connected with the linear slide rail 312 in a sliding manner and vertically move up and down along the linear slide rail 312; specifically, the linear slide rail 312 may also be configured as a T-shaped or dovetail groove structure, and the cross section of the guide chute may be configured as a shape corresponding to the cross section of the linear slide rail. The pressure sensor 7 is connected to the guide shaft fixing plate 308 through a pressure sensor fixing seat 701, and the pressure sensor fixing seat 701 is connected to the guide shaft fixing plate through a bolt.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the sliding speed loading system 2 includes a servo motor 201, a speed reducer 202, a coupler 203 and a turntable 204, the servo motor 201 and the speed reducer 202 are connected together through bolts, the speed reducer 202 is connected on the work platform through bolts, the speed reducer 202 and the bottom of the coupler 203 are connected together through bolts and pins, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the transmission of the coupler, the coupler penetrates through the work platform and is connected with the turntable 204, a second test piece 205 is detachably mounted on the top surface of the turntable 204, and the top end of the coupler is locked by a pressing cap 206. Specifically, according to the selection of actual coefficient of friction test piece two, test piece two and test piece one are two kinds of materials of correlation each other, test piece two sets up to the disc structure, be convenient for link together with carousel 204, and the working range of test piece two sets up to diameter 100 ~ 300 mm.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, a guide shaft connection plate 313 is disposed above the sliding group 314, the guide shaft connection plate 313 is connected to the bottom end of the linear optical axis 309, the first test piece fixing seat 315 is connected to the bottom of the sliding group 314, and the first test piece 316 is mounted on the first test piece fixing seat 315. Specifically, the sliding set 314 may adopt a cross roller linear guide sliding set, two or two sets of sliding rails which move relative to each other are respectively connected to the guide shaft connecting plate 313 and the skate blade fixing seat 315 through screws, when the first test piece contacts with the second test piece which rotates below to generate sliding friction, the skate blade fixing seat 315 is forced to drive the sliding rail connected with the skate blade fixing seat to horizontally move, the side wall of the skate blade fixing seat 315 contacts with the pressure sensor 319, and the pressure sensor 319 detects and transmits the generated lateral force, i.e. the sliding friction force, to the controller.
Specifically, in an embodiment, the bottom of fixing base 304 is provided with the horizontal migration subassembly, the horizontal migration subassembly includes horizontal slip table keysets 301, horizontal slip table 302 and step motor 303, horizontal slip table passes through horizontal slip table keysets is installed work platform is last, step motor 303's work end passes through the shaft coupling and is connected with the one end of lead screw, the other end of lead screw is rotatable to be installed on the horizontal slip table, threaded connection has the horizontal migration seat on the lead screw, the bottom of fixing base with the horizontal migration seat is connected, and step motor's drive is followed down lead screw horizontal migration.
In another embodiment, the horizontal movement assembly comprises a horizontal sliding table and an air cylinder, the horizontal sliding table is installed on the working platform through the adapter plate of the horizontal sliding table, the working end of the air cylinder is connected with one end of the fixing base, a guide key is arranged between the bottom of the fixing base and the horizontal sliding table, and the air cylinder drives the fixing base to move horizontally along the guide key.
As shown in fig. 6, the specific measurement method includes the following steps: firstly, the setting of parameters required for the experimental test operation by the controller comprises: the device comprises a working diameter, a running speed, a running time and a counterweight, wherein the working diameter controls a first test piece on a vertical positive pressure loading system to move horizontally through a horizontal moving assembly, the first test piece is far away from or close to a second test piece on a sliding speed loading system, the running speed and the running time mainly control the rotating speed of a servo motor, and the counterweight is determined by the number of manually placed weights;
firstly, carefully removing oil stains on the surfaces of a test piece I and a test piece II by using acetone or ethanol, and not directly contacting the surfaces of the test piece I and the test piece II by hands after the test piece I and the test piece II are cleaned;
step two, mounting a first test piece and a second test piece, wherein an electric push rod of the vertical positive pressure loading system works to drive a vertical motion assembly to be adjusted to the highest point, and the first test piece is mounted on a first test piece fixing seat; then placing the corresponding weights required by the experimental test on the fixed balancing weight; meanwhile, mounting a cleaned second test piece on a turntable of the sliding speed loading system, wherein the first test piece is positioned above the second test piece;
the position of the horizontal sliding table is aligned, an operation button is started, and the horizontal sliding table drives the vertical positive pressure loading system to move backwards to the original position and then move to the set diameter;
step three, the first test piece descends, the vertical positive pressure loading system is adjusted to enable the vertical motion assembly to drive the test piece to descend to the upper surface of the second test piece, the distance between the bottom of the fixed balancing weight and the box-type bearing seat is 10mm, and the first test piece 316 is in close contact with the second test piece 205 under the influence of positive pressure generated by the weight;
step four, collecting sliding friction force: the test piece II rotates, a servo motor on the sliding speed loading system starts to work, after the test piece II is accelerated for a set time, the speed reaches a set value of 0-20km/h, and a pressure sensor does not acquire data in the process;
2) after the speed is stable, the whole operation is stable, the pressure sensor collects data at the moment, a relatively stable sliding friction force is obtained by measurement after the set working time is reached, the servo motor decelerates to stop, and the operation is finished;
and fifthly, disassembling the first test piece and the second test piece, wherein the electric push rod resets to drive the first test piece to rise through the vertical motion assembly, the first test piece is disassembled when the electric push rod rises to the highest position, the second test piece is disassembled simultaneously, the weight is taken down from the fixed balancing weight and placed in the weight box, and at the moment, a working cycle is completed.
The sliding friction coefficient measuring system is applied to the test of the ice skate blade and the simulated ice, and mainly has two conditions, wherein one is the measurement that a test piece I is an ice block and a test piece II is a turntable, and the other is the measurement that the test piece I is the ice skate blade and the test piece II is a plastic simulated ice disk; the specific measurement process is as follows:
test conditions of ice block and turntable experiment:
the running speed during the experiment is 1.5km/h, the running time is 2h, the applied positive pressure is 196N, and the positive pressure is obtained by placing weights with corresponding weights on the fixed balancing weight 311; the initial weight m1 and the initial height H1 of the ice cubes need to be recorded before starting;
the experimental test conditions of the plastic ice skate blade and the plastic simulation ice disc are as follows:
the running speed during the experiment is 0-20km/h, the running time is set according to the experiment requirements, and the applied positive pressure is 49N, and the positive pressure is obtained by placing weights with corresponding weights on the fixed balancing weight 311.
Example 1:
the ice block and turntable experiment process:
firstly, cleaning the ice blocks and the rotary disc, carefully removing oil stains on the surfaces of the ice blocks and the rotary disc by using solvents such as acetone, ethanol and the like which do not act with a test piece, and then directly contacting the surface of the test piece by hands.
Then, the first testing piece fixing seat 315 is lifted to the highest point, and the ice block is installed on the bottom surface of the first testing piece fixing seat 315; six hexagon socket set screws arranged around the turntable 204 are removed to keep the top surface of the turntable 204 clean.
Then the working rod of the electric push rod extends out and drives the test piece-fixing seat 315 to descend through the vertical movement component until the ice cubes contact with the upper surface of the steel plate.
A plurality of weights with equal mass are placed on the fixed balancing weight 311 according to the required positive pressure matching; simultaneously inputting the positive pressure into a controller or a data processing system;
starting a start button, starting the servo motor 201 to work, driving the turntable 204 to rotate through the speed reducer 202 and the coupler 203, accelerating for a set time, wherein the speed reaches 1.5km/h, and the pressure sensor does not acquire data in the process; after the set time, the whole operation is stable, the pressure sensor 7 collects data, and after working for 2 hours, the relatively stable sliding friction force is obtained by measurement and is transmitted to the controller and finally transmitted to the data control system; after the measurement is finished, the servomotor is decelerated to stop. In the process, the sliding friction force f is measured to be 1.96N, and the sliding friction force mu is calculated according to a formula as follows: 0.01.
and finally, detaching the ice block, namely removing the weight serving as the positive pressure loading piece, then contracting the working rod of the electric push rod to drive the vertical movement assembly to drive the testing piece fixing seat 315 to ascend to the highest position, and detaching the worn ice block after stabilization. The test block is cleaned, weighed with a scale, and recorded m2, height measured with a ruler, and height H2, at which point a cycle of operation is completed. The worn state of the ice can be intuitively known through comparison of the front data and the rear data of the ice.
Example 2:
the experimental process of the plastic simulation ice disc and the ice skate comprises the following steps:
firstly, the plastic simulation ice disc and the ice skate are carefully cleaned of oil stains on the surface by using solvents such as acetone, ethanol and the like which do not act with the test piece II, and then the surface of the test piece is not required to be directly contacted by hands.
Then, the first testing piece fixing seat 315 is lifted to the highest point, and the ice skate blade is installed on the bottom surface of the first testing piece fixing seat 315; six inner hexagonal fastening screws arranged around the turntable 204 are disassembled, and the plastic simulation ice disk is locked and connected with the turntable 204 through the screws, so that the top surface of the plastic simulation ice disk 205 is kept clean. Care was taken to keep the upper surface flat without distortion and warpage.
And then the working rod of the electric push rod extends out to drive a fixed seat 315 of the test piece to descend through the vertical movement component until the ice skate blade is contacted with the upper surface of the plastic simulation ice disc.
A plurality of weights with equal mass are placed on the fixed balancing weight 311 according to the required positive pressure matching; simultaneously inputting the positive pressure into a controller or a data processing system;
starting a start button, starting the servo motor 201 to work, driving the turntable 204 to rotate through the speed reducer 202 and the coupler 203, accelerating for a set time, wherein the speed reaches 15km/h, and the pressure sensor does not acquire data in the process; after the set time, the whole operation is stable, the pressure sensor 7 collects data, and after working for 2 minutes, the relatively stable sliding friction force is obtained by measurement and is transmitted to the controller and finally transmitted to the data control system; after the measurement is finished, the servomotor is decelerated to stop. The sliding friction force f is measured to be 78N in the process, and the sliding friction force mu is calculated according to a formula and is as follows: 0.0156.
and finally, detaching the ice block, namely removing the weight serving as the positive pressure loading part, then contracting the working rod of the electric push rod to drive the vertical movement component to drive the testing part fixing seat 315 to ascend to the highest position, detaching the worn ice skate blade after stabilization, and detaching the plastic simulation ice disc from the sliding speed loading system 2.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method of measuring the coefficient of sliding friction between two materials, comprising: the sliding friction coefficient mu between two materials can be calculated according to a set formula by using a sliding friction coefficient measuring system to measure necessary parameters, wherein the necessary parameters comprise sliding friction force and positive pressure:
in the formula: f is sliding friction; n is a positive pressure;
the sliding friction coefficient measuring system comprises a vertical positive pressure loading system, a sliding speed loading system, a controller and a data processing system, the vertical positive pressure loading system is provided with a positive pressure loading part and a pressure sensor, the data of the positive pressure loading part is input into the data processing system, the first test piece arranged on the vertical positive pressure loading system and the second test piece arranged on the sliding speed loading system are in sliding contact to generate sliding friction force, the sliding friction force is obtained by the pressure sensor and is transmitted to the controller, the controller and the data processing system transmit and exchange data through a communication cable, and after the data and the sliding friction force of the positive pressure loading piece are all transmitted to the data processing system, the sliding friction coefficients corresponding to the two testing pieces in different speed and pressure states are directly obtained through a set calculation formula.
2. A method of measuring the coefficient of sliding friction between two materials according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical positive pressure loading system and the sliding speed loading system are both arranged on a working platform of the frame, the vertical positive pressure loading system comprises a vertical motion assembly and a guide assembly, the vertical motion assembly comprises an electric push rod, a guide shaft fixing plate, a linear optical axis and a fixed balancing weight, a bottom connecting seat of the electric push rod is arranged on an L-shaped convex plane of a fixing seat, a top connecting seat of the electric push rod is arranged on the back surface of the guide shaft fixing plate, the guide assembly is arranged between the guide shaft fixing plate and the fixing seat, upper and lower box-type bearing seats are arranged at two ends of the guide shaft fixing plate, the upper and lower ends of the linear optical axis are slidably connected in the box-type bearing seats, the fixed balancing weight is positioned and clamped on the linear optical axis, a fixing seat of the test piece is connected at the, the positive pressure loading piece is placed on the fixed balancing weight; the pressure sensor is arranged on one side of the first testing piece fixing seat, and the working end of the pressure sensor is in contact with the first testing piece fixing seat during testing; the second testing piece is detachably connected to the sliding speed loading system and is driven to rotate by the sliding speed loading system.
3. A method of measuring the coefficient of sliding friction between two materials according to claim 2, wherein: the sliding speed loading system comprises a servo motor, a speed reducer, a coupler and a rotary table, wherein the servo motor is connected with the speed reducer through bolts, the speed reducer is connected onto the working platform through bolts, the speed reducer is connected with the bottom of the coupler through bolts and pins, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the coupler in a transmission mode, the coupler penetrates through the working platform and is connected with the rotary table, two testing pieces are detachably mounted on the top surface of the rotary table, and the top end of the coupler is locked through a pressing cap.
4. A method of measuring the coefficient of sliding friction between two materials according to claim 2, wherein: the guide assembly comprises a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate and a linear slide rail, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are vertically arranged and connected to the back of the guide shaft fixing plate through bolts, the linear slide rail is fixedly mounted in the front of the fixing seat through bolts, guide sliding grooves are formed in the back of the first connecting plate and the back of the second connecting plate, and the guide sliding grooves are matched with the linear slide rail.
5. A method of measuring the coefficient of sliding friction between two materials according to claim 4, wherein: the pressure sensor is connected to the guide shaft fixing plate through a pressure sensor fixing seat, and the pressure sensor fixing seat is connected to the guide shaft fixing plate through a bolt.
6. A method of measuring the coefficient of sliding friction between two materials according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom of fixing base is provided with the horizontal migration subassembly, the horizontal migration subassembly includes horizontal slip table keysets, horizontal slip table and step motor, the horizontal slip table passes through the horizontal slip table keysets is installed work platform is last, step motor's work end passes through the shaft coupling and is connected with the one end of lead screw, the other end of lead screw is rotatable to be installed on the horizontal slip table, threaded connection has on the horizontal migration seat on the lead screw, the bottom of fixing base with the horizontal migration seat is connected, and follow under step motor's the drive lead screw horizontal migration.
7. A method of measuring the coefficient of sliding friction between two materials according to claim 6, wherein: the specific measuring method comprises the following steps:
firstly, the setting of parameters required for the experimental test operation by the controller comprises: the device comprises a working diameter, a running speed, a running time and a counterweight, wherein the working diameter controls a first test piece on a vertical positive pressure loading system to move horizontally through a horizontal moving assembly, the first test piece is far away from or close to a second test piece on a sliding speed loading system, the running speed and the running time mainly control the rotating speed of a servo motor, and the counterweight is determined by the number of manually placed weights;
firstly, carefully removing oil stains on the surfaces of a test piece I and a test piece II by using acetone or ethanol, and not directly contacting the surfaces of the test piece I and the test piece II by hands after the test piece I and the test piece II are cleaned;
step two, mounting a first test piece and a second test piece, wherein an electric push rod of the vertical positive pressure loading system works to drive a vertical motion assembly to be adjusted to the highest point, the first test piece is mounted on a first test piece fixing seat, and then a corresponding weight required by an experimental test is placed on a fixed balancing weight;
meanwhile, mounting a cleaned second test piece on a turntable of the sliding speed loading system, wherein the first test piece is positioned above the second test piece;
the position of the horizontal sliding table is aligned, an operation button is started, and the horizontal sliding table drives the vertical positive pressure loading system to move backwards to the original position and then move to the set diameter;
step three, the first test piece descends, the vertical positive pressure loading system is adjusted to enable the vertical motion assembly to drive the test piece to descend to the upper surface of the second test piece, and the distance between the bottom of the fixed balancing weight and the box-type bearing seat is 10 mm; at the moment, the first test piece is in close contact with the second test piece under the influence of positive pressure generated by the weight;
step four, collecting sliding friction force: the test piece II rotates, a servo motor on the sliding speed loading system starts to work, after the test piece II is accelerated for a set time, the speed reaches a set value of 0-20km/h, and a pressure sensor does not acquire data in the process;
after the speed is stable, the whole operation is stable, the pressure sensor collects data at the moment, a relatively stable sliding friction force is obtained by measurement after the set working time is reached, the servo motor decelerates to stop, and the operation is finished;
and fifthly, disassembling the first test piece and the second test piece, wherein the electric push rod resets to drive the first test piece to rise through the vertical motion assembly, the first test piece is disassembled when the electric push rod rises to the highest position, the second test piece is disassembled simultaneously, the weight is taken down from the fixed balancing weight and placed in the weight box, and at the moment, a working cycle is completed.
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Inventor after: Dong Zhanwei Inventor after: Cui Gaolei Inventor after: Hou Libo Inventor after: Ren Zhimin Inventor after: Tian Xu Inventor after: Chen Shujuan Inventor after: Wang Rui Inventor after: Fan Haoliang Inventor after: Wang He Inventor after: Cui Yulong Inventor before: Xu Zhaoli Inventor before: Cui Gaolei Inventor before: Hou Libo Inventor before: Ren Zhimin Inventor before: Tian Xu Inventor before: Chen Shujuan Inventor before: Wang Rui Inventor before: Fan Haoliang Inventor before: Wang He Inventor before: Cui Yulong |
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Application publication date: 20210326 |