CN112557015A - Grid buckling and loosening test device and method - Google Patents
Grid buckling and loosening test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112557015A CN112557015A CN202011451979.6A CN202011451979A CN112557015A CN 112557015 A CN112557015 A CN 112557015A CN 202011451979 A CN202011451979 A CN 202011451979A CN 112557015 A CN112557015 A CN 112557015A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012429 release testing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of nuclear power, and particularly relates to a grid buckling and loosening test device and method. According to the grid frame looseness testing device, the mutual connection assembly relation of all parts is realized, multiple groups of pins are sequentially inserted into the grid frame to be tested for a preset time length according to the sequence from small diameter to large diameter, and therefore the buckling testing conditions of the grid frames with different diameters are realized, and the simulation and the test of the real working conditions of the grid frame can be realized by simulating the complex mechanical constraint conditions of the strip springs and the steel bulges in the actual service process more vividly. In addition, in this disclosure, the lower pressing plate and the upper top plate can be in sufficient contact with the grillwork to be tested, the lower pressing plate can be moved more stably by screwing a plurality of lower pressing screws simultaneously, and the upper top plate can be moved more stably by screwing a plurality of upper top screws simultaneously, so that the grillwork to be tested can be stably inserted into or separated from a plurality of pins through the lower pressing plate and the upper top plate respectively, and damage to the grillwork to be tested is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear power, and particularly relates to a grid buckling and loosening test device and method.
Background
The strip spring is widely applied to the production of nuclear fuel elements and plays a key supporting role for elements such as nuclear fuel rods, and therefore, the mechanical property of the strip spring is directly related to the service life and the reliability of the nuclear fuel elements. However, because the strip spring has a special size and is very complex in stress condition in the service process, along with the improvement of the requirements on the quality and service life of the nuclear fuel element, the traditional test method and means for the buckling and loosening test of the strip spring in the related art can not meet the requirements of engineering application, and therefore, the effective test on the buckling and loosening mechanical performance of the lattice strip spring is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, a grid buckling and loosening test device and a method are provided.
According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a grid buckling looseness testing apparatus, including: the device comprises a base, a lower pressing plate, an upper top plate, a plurality of lower pressing screws, a plurality of upper top screws and a plurality of pins, wherein the plurality of pins are divided into a plurality of groups, each group comprises a plurality of pins with the same diameter, the diameters of the pins in different groups are changed from small to large, and the number of the pins in each group is the same;
the lower pressing plate is provided with a plurality of first pin through holes and a plurality of first thread through holes along the axial direction, and the upper top plate is provided with a plurality of second pin through holes and a plurality of second thread through holes along the axial direction;
the base is provided with a plurality of third threaded through holes along the axial direction, each third threaded through hole is over against one first threaded through hole, and each pressing screw is in threaded connection with one first threaded through hole and the third threaded through hole over against the first threaded through hole;
the base is provided with a plurality of fourth threaded through holes along the axial direction, each fourth threaded through hole is over against one second threaded through hole, and each top screw is in threaded connection with one second threaded through hole and the fourth threaded through hole over against the second threaded through hole;
when the pins of each group can be connected to the base, each pin of the group is inserted into a second pin through hole, a first pin through hole or a grid cell of the grillwork to be tested in a matched manner;
under the condition that the grillwork to be tested is placed between the upper end of a group of pins and the lower pressing plate, and each grid cell of the grillwork to be tested is over against one pin of the group, if the plurality of lower pressing screws are simultaneously screwed in the first direction, the lower pressing plate moves downwards and pushes the grillwork to be tested to move downwards together, so that each pin of the group is extruded into the over-against grid cell;
and under the condition that the grid cell grids of the grillwork to be tested and the second column pin through holes of the upper top plate are inserted with the column pins, and the upper top plate is positioned at the lower end of the grillwork to be tested, if the plurality of upper top screws are simultaneously screwed in the first direction, the upper top plate moves upwards and pushes the grillwork to be tested to move upwards together, so that each column pin is separated from the inserted grid cell grid.
In a possible implementation, each stud is removably connected to the base.
In one possible implementation, the diameters of the pins of different groups vary from small to large by a fixed difference.
In one possible implementation, the fixed difference is 0.01 millimeters.
In one possible implementation, the number of studs in each group is the same as the number of cell grids of the grid to be tested.
In one possible implementation, the number of the pins in each group is greater than the number of the cell grids of the grid to be tested.
In one possible implementation, each stud can be pinned to the base.
In a possible implementation, each pin can be screwed with the base.
In one possible implementation, the material of the plurality of pins includes stainless steel.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a grid buckling loosening test method, which is applied to the grid buckling loosening test device, and the method includes:
selecting a group of pins with the smallest diameter in each group which is not installed, connecting the group of pins to the bottom plate, inserting the upper top plate into the group of pins, enabling each pin of the group to penetrate through a second pin through hole of the upper top plate, and enabling each upper top screw to be in threaded connection with a second threaded through hole and a fourth threaded through hole opposite to the second threaded through hole;
placing a lattice to be tested at the upper end of the group of pins, wherein each grid cell of the lattice to be tested is over against one pin of the group;
placing a lower pressing plate at the upper end of the framework to be tested, enabling each pin of the group to be opposite to a first pin through hole of the lower pressing plate, and enabling each lower pressing screw to be in threaded connection with a first threaded through hole and a third threaded through hole opposite to the first threaded through hole;
continuously and simultaneously screwing each lower pressing screw in the first direction to enable the lower pressing plate to move downwards and push the grillwork to be tested to move downwards together until each pin of the group is inserted into the grid cell lattice which is opposite to the pin;
after each pin of the group is inserted into the grid cell lattice which is right opposite to the pin, standing for a preset time;
after standing for a preset time, continuously and simultaneously screwing a plurality of top screws in the first direction to enable the top plates to move upwards and push the grid cells to be tested to move upwards together until each pin is separated from the inserted grid cells;
and selecting one group of pins with the smallest diameter from the plurality of groups of pins which are not installed as the other group of pins, and repeating the steps by using the other group of pins until the group with the largest pin diameter is selected.
In one possible implementation, the preset time period is 30 minutes.
The beneficial effect of this disclosure lies in: according to the grid frame looseness testing device, the mutual connection assembly relation of all parts is realized, multiple groups of pins are sequentially inserted into a grid frame to be tested in a preset time length according to the sequence from small diameter to large diameter, the grid frame looseness testing conditions with different diameters are realized, the complex mechanical constraint conditions of a strip spring and a steel bulge in the actual service process can be simulated more vividly, the problem that the whole mechanical property of the spring cannot be tested and researched is solved, and therefore the simulation and the test of the real working condition of the grid frame can be realized. In addition, in this disclosure, the lower pressing plate and the upper top plate can be in sufficient contact with the grillwork to be tested, the lower pressing plate can be moved more stably by screwing a plurality of lower pressing screws simultaneously, and the upper top plate can be moved more stably by screwing a plurality of upper top screws simultaneously, so that the grillwork to be tested can be stably inserted into or separated from a plurality of pins through the lower pressing plate and the upper top plate respectively, and damage to the grillwork to be tested is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a grid buckling relaxation test apparatus, according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of an example grid.
Figure 3 is a partial axial cross-sectional view of an example grid.
Figure 4 is a schematic view of a lower platen of a grid buckle release testing apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.
Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an upper ceiling of a grid buckling relaxation test apparatus, according to an exemplary embodiment.
Figure 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a floor of a grid buckling relaxation test apparatus, according to an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustrating a grid buckling relaxation test method according to an exemplary embodiment.
Figure 8 is a graph illustrating a comparison of a test effect and a theoretical effect of a grid buckling relaxation test method, according to an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of an example grid. Figure 3 is a partial axial cross-sectional view of an example grid. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in general, the grid may include a plurality of cell cells 6, a plurality of steel protrusions 8 and a plurality of strip springs 9 may be provided on inner sidewalls of each cell 6, and the plurality of strip springs 9 and the plurality of steel protrusions 8 in the cell cells 6 are compressed when the fuel rod 5 is inserted into the cell cells 6, such that the plurality of strip springs 9 and the plurality of steel protrusions 8 in the cell cells 6 cooperate with each other to clamp and fix the fuel rod 5 inserted into the cell cells 6. Because the size of the strip spring is special and the stress condition in the service process is very complex, the buckling and loosening mechanical performance of the lattice strip spring needs to be effectively tested.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a grid buckling relaxation test apparatus, according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the grid buckling relaxation test apparatus may include: the base 1, lower pressure plate 3, upper top plate 2, a plurality of lower pressure screws 4, a plurality of upper top screws 7 and a plurality of pins 5.
The plurality of pins 5 can be divided into a plurality of groups, each group comprises a plurality of pins 5 with the same diameter, the diameters of the pins 5 in different groups are changed from small to large, and the number of the pins 5 in each group is the same. The studs 5 of each set can be attached to the base 1. The diameter of each pin 5 can be set reasonably according to the diameter of the actual fuel rod, so that when each pin 5 is completely inserted into the cell lattice aligned with the pin 5 on the lattice 6 to be tested, the steel convex and the strip spring in the cell lattice can be pressed.
Figure 4 is a schematic view of a lower platen of a grid buckle release testing apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the lower press plate 3 is axially provided with a plurality of first pin through holes 11 and a plurality of first threaded through holes 10. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an upper ceiling of a grid buckling relaxation test apparatus, according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 5, the upper top plate 2 is provided with a plurality of second stud through holes 13 and a plurality of second screw through holes 12 in the axial direction. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a floor of a grid buckling relaxation test apparatus, according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 6, the base 1 is axially provided with a plurality of third threaded through holes 14, a plurality of fourth threaded through holes 15, and a plurality of mounting holes 16 for mounting the relief.
When the pins of each group are connected to the base, each pin of the group is inserted into a second pin through hole, a first pin through hole or a grid cell of the grillage to be tested in a matched manner. For example, each group of pins may be detachably connected to the base, each group of pins may include N pins, the base may be provided with N mounting holes, and each pin may be pinned to one mounting hole on the base (in addition, each pin may also be screwed into a corresponding mounting hole on the base, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure). When each group of pins is connected to the base, the relative positions of the pins and the grid cells in the grid to be detected, the relative positions of the first pin through holes of the lower pressing plate and the relative positions of the second pin through holes of the upper top plate are matched with each other, so that each pin of the group can be inserted into one second pin through hole, one first pin through hole or one grid cell of the grid to be detected in a matched mode.
Every third screw through hole can just face a first screw through hole, and every holding-down screw threaded connection is in a first screw through hole and the just right third screw through hole of this first screw through hole, like this, can establish the holding-down plate frame on the base through a plurality of holding-down screws. The lower pressing plates can be moved downward by simultaneously screwing the lower pressing screws in a first direction (the first direction may be clockwise or counterclockwise), and the lower pressing plates can be moved upward by simultaneously screwing the lower pressing screws in a second direction (the second direction is opposite to the first direction, for example, if the first direction is clockwise, the second direction is counterclockwise). In one possible implementation, the hold-down screws may be evenly distributed at the peripheral edge of the hold-down plate to improve the stability of the hold-down plate.
Every fourth screw through hole just faces a second screw through hole, and every is gone up top screw threaded connection and is just in a second screw through hole and the just right fourth screw through hole of this second screw through hole, like this, can establish the roof grillage between base and holding down plate through a plurality of top screws, and go up the roof and can insert and establish in this group of pin for every pin can pass a second pin through hole of last roof. The upper top plate may be moved upward by simultaneously screwing the upper top screws in the first direction, and the upper top plate may be moved downward by simultaneously screwing the upper top screws in the second direction. In one possible implementation, the top screws may be evenly distributed at the peripheral edge of the top plate to improve the stability of the top plate.
Under the condition that the grillage to be tested is placed between the upper end of a group of pins and the lower pressing plate, and each grid cell of the grillage to be tested is over against one pin of the group, if a plurality of lower pressing screws are simultaneously screwed in the first direction, the lower pressing plate moves downwards and pushes the grillage to be tested to move downwards together, so that each pin of the group is extruded into the fixed component of the over-against grid cell;
under the condition that the grid cell grids of the grid frame to be detected and the second column pin through holes of the upper top plate are inserted with the pins, and the upper top plate is positioned at the lower end of the grid frame to be detected, if a plurality of upper top screws are simultaneously screwed in the first direction, the upper top plate moves upwards and pushes the grid frame to be detected to move upwards together, so that each pin is separated from each inserted grid cell grid.
In one possible implementation, the diameters of the pins of different groups vary from small to large by a fixed difference. For example, the fixed difference may be 0.01 millimeters.
In one possible implementation, the number of studs per group may be greater than or equal to the number of cells of the grid.
In one possible implementation, the material of the plurality of pins comprises stainless steel. It should be noted that, as the material of the pin, an appropriate material may be selected as needed, and the material of the pin is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustrating a grid buckling relaxation test method according to an exemplary embodiment. The grid buckling and loosening test method can be applied to the grid buckling and loosening test device, and as shown in fig. 7, the method can include:
step 700, selecting a set of pins having the smallest diameter among the pins in each of the unmounted sets, connecting the set of pins to the base plate such that the pins are perpendicular to the base plate, inserting the upper top plate into the set of pins, passing each pin of the set through a second pin through-hole of the upper top plate, and threading each upper top screw into a second threaded through-hole and a fourth threaded through-hole opposite to the second threaded through-hole.
Step 701, placing the lattice frame to be tested at the upper end of the group of pins, and enabling each cell grid of the lattice frame to be tested to be over against one pin of the group.
Step 702, a lower pressing plate is placed at the upper end of the framework to be tested, each pin of the group is opposite to a first pin through hole of the lower pressing plate, and each lower pressing screw is in threaded connection with a first threaded through hole and a third threaded through hole opposite to the first threaded through hole.
And 703, continuously and simultaneously screwing each downward pressing screw in the first direction to enable the downward pressing plate to move downwards and push the grillwork to be tested to move downwards together until each pin of the group is fully inserted into the grid cell lattice which is just opposite to the pin, so that the steel protrusions and the strip springs in the grid cell lattice are fully extruded.
After each pin of the set is sufficiently inserted into the opposite grid cell, the set is left standing for a preset time (for example, the preset time may be 30 minutes), step 704.
Step 705, after standing for a preset time, continuously and simultaneously screwing a plurality of top screws in the first direction to enable the top plate to move upwards and push the grid cells to be tested to move upwards together until each pin is separated from the inserted grid cell, so that the grid frame to be tested is taken out of the pins.
And step 706, selecting one group of pins with the smallest diameter from the plurality of groups of pins which are not installed as another group of pins, and repeating the steps by using the other group of pins until the group with the largest pin diameter is selected. For example, if there are M groups of pins (M is a positive integer), the diameters of the pins in different groups vary from small to large by a fixed difference, for example, the fixed difference may be 0.01 mm. The steps 700 to 705 can be used for testing by sequentially selecting groups of pins according to the sequence of the cancellation diameters of each group from small to large until the group with the largest pin diameter is selected for completing the test, after each test is completed, the distance between the steel projection and the opposite strip spring in the grid cell of the lattice frame to be tested after the test can be recorded, and fig. 8 is a comparison graph of the test effect and the theoretical effect of the lattice frame buckling and loosening test method shown according to an exemplary embodiment. In fig. 8, the x-axis represents the number of trials and the y-axis represents the distance between the steel projections and the opposing strip springs in the cell lattice of the lattice to be tested after each trial. As shown in fig. 8, the test curve is substantially identical to the theoretical curve, and thus, according to the present disclosure, multiple groups of pins are sequentially inserted into the grid to be tested for a preset time length according to the order of diameters from small to large, so that complex mechanical constraint conditions of the strip spring and the steel projection in the actual service process can be more realistically simulated, the problem that the test and research on the overall mechanical property of the spring cannot be performed is solved, and the simulation and the test on the actual working condition of the spring can be achieved.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terms used herein were chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or technical improvements to the techniques in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a grid detains loose test device which characterized in that, grid detains loose test device includes: the device comprises a base, a lower pressing plate, an upper top plate, a plurality of lower pressing screws, a plurality of upper top screws and a plurality of pins, wherein the plurality of pins are divided into a plurality of groups, each group comprises a plurality of pins with the same diameter, the diameters of the pins in different groups are changed from small to large, and the number of the pins in each group is the same;
the lower pressing plate is provided with a plurality of first pin through holes and a plurality of first thread through holes along the axial direction, and the upper top plate is provided with a plurality of second pin through holes and a plurality of second thread through holes along the axial direction;
the base is provided with a plurality of third threaded through holes along the axial direction, each third threaded through hole is over against one first threaded through hole, and each pressing screw is in threaded connection with one first threaded through hole and the third threaded through hole over against the first threaded through hole;
the base is provided with a plurality of fourth threaded through holes along the axial direction, each fourth threaded through hole is over against one second threaded through hole, and each top screw is in threaded connection with one second threaded through hole and the fourth threaded through hole over against the second threaded through hole;
when the pins of each group can be connected to the base, each pin of the group is inserted into a second pin through hole, a first pin through hole or a grid cell of the grillwork to be tested in a matched manner;
under the condition that the grillwork to be tested is placed between the upper end of a group of pins and the lower pressing plate, and each grid cell of the grillwork to be tested is over against one pin of the group, if the plurality of lower pressing screws are simultaneously screwed in the first direction, the lower pressing plate moves downwards and pushes the grillwork to be tested to move downwards together, so that each pin of the group is extruded into the over-against grid cell;
and under the condition that the grid cell grids of the grillwork to be tested and the second column pin through holes of the upper top plate are inserted with the column pins, and the upper top plate is positioned at the lower end of the grillwork to be tested, if the plurality of upper top screws are simultaneously screwed in the first direction, the upper top plate moves upwards and pushes the grillwork to be tested to move upwards together, so that each column pin is separated from the inserted grid cell grid.
2. The grid buckling test apparatus of claim 1, wherein each stud is removably attached to the base.
3. The grid buckling relaxation test apparatus of claim 2, wherein the diameters of the different sets of pins vary from small to large by a fixed difference.
4. The grid buckling relaxation test apparatus of claim 3, wherein said fixed difference is 0.01 mm.
5. The grid buckling relaxation test device of claim 1, wherein the number of pins in each group is the same as the number of cells in the grid to be tested.
6. The grid buckling relaxation test device of claim 1, wherein the number of studs in each group is greater than the number of cell grids of the grid to be tested.
7. The grid pinout test apparatus of claim 2, wherein each stud is pinned to the base.
8. The grid buckling relaxation test apparatus of claim 2, wherein each stud is threadably connected to the base.
9. The grid buckling relaxation test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the material of the plurality of studs comprises stainless steel.
10. A grid buckling loosening test method applied to the grid buckling loosening test apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising:
selecting a group of pins with the smallest diameter in each group which is not installed, connecting the group of pins to the bottom plate, inserting the upper top plate into the group of pins, enabling each pin of the group to penetrate through a second pin through hole of the upper top plate, and enabling each upper top screw to be in threaded connection with a second threaded through hole and a fourth threaded through hole opposite to the second threaded through hole;
placing a lattice to be tested at the upper end of the group of pins, wherein each grid cell of the lattice to be tested is over against one pin of the group;
placing a lower pressing plate at the upper end of the framework to be tested, enabling each pin of the group to be opposite to a first pin through hole of the lower pressing plate, and enabling each lower pressing screw to be in threaded connection with a first threaded through hole and a third threaded through hole opposite to the first threaded through hole;
continuously and simultaneously screwing each lower pressing screw in the first direction to enable the lower pressing plate to move downwards and push the grillwork to be tested to move downwards together until each pin of the group is inserted into the grid cell lattice which is opposite to the pin;
after each pin of the group is inserted into the grid cell lattice which is right opposite to the pin, standing for a preset time;
after standing for a preset time, continuously and simultaneously screwing a plurality of top screws in the first direction to enable the top plates to move upwards and push the grid cells to be tested to move upwards together until each pin is separated from the inserted grid cells;
and selecting one group of pins with the smallest diameter from the plurality of groups of pins which are not installed as the other group of pins, and repeating the steps by using the other group of pins until the group with the largest pin diameter is selected.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the predetermined period of time is 30 minutes.
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| CN202011451979.6A CN112557015A (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Grid buckling and loosening test device and method |
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| CN115751051A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-03-07 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Variable angle direction bearing structure |
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