CN112556984B - Underwater model resistance measurement system and test method - Google Patents
Underwater model resistance measurement system and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112556984B CN112556984B CN202011449000.1A CN202011449000A CN112556984B CN 112556984 B CN112556984 B CN 112556984B CN 202011449000 A CN202011449000 A CN 202011449000A CN 112556984 B CN112556984 B CN 112556984B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an underwater model resistance measuring system which comprises a water tunnel test section, an underwater model, a measuring device, a clamping device and a data acquisition card, wherein the measuring device comprises a base body, a connecting rod, an optical shaft, a pressure sensor and a linear bearing, the optical shaft is arranged on the base body through the linear bearing, the axis of the optical shaft is parallel to the flow direction of fluid in the water tunnel test section, the connecting rod is connected onto the optical shaft, the connecting rod is connected with the underwater model through the clamping device, the pressure sensor is arranged at the tail end of the optical shaft along the flow direction of the fluid on the base body, the pressure sensor is connected with the data acquisition card, and a balancing weight is arranged in the underwater model. The underwater model resistance measuring system provided by the invention can replace different clamping devices according to underwater models with different shapes, and has stronger applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of resistance measurement of water tunnel experiment devices, and particularly relates to a test system which is mainly used for accurately acquiring the total fluid resistance in the flow direction of a model under a high Reynolds number water tunnel test environment condition and carrying out resistance reduction research, wherein the model is subjected to the total fluid resistance under the test environment condition, such as a flat plate model, a ship aircraft model and a biological model.
Background
The operating speed and efficiency of marine craft determine the performance of the craft, the most significant factor other than the engine is the drag experienced during navigation. Researches on turbulent boundary layers by students for more than half a century find that the reduction of the frictional resistance in the turbulent boundary layers has important significance in the engineering fields of ships, underwater navigation and the like. The resistance of the fluid when the object is submerged can be divided into differential pressure resistance caused by the shape of the object and friction resistance caused by the viscosity of the fluid, and the fluid friction resistance accounts for more than 50% of the total resistance when the Reynolds number reaches a certain degree, and most of the fluid friction resistance is generated in a turbulent boundary layer. Therefore, the control of the turbulent boundary layer becomes a hot point of fluid drag reduction research, and the resistance can be visually compared through force measurement, so that the method has very important significance on the drag reduction research of an underwater model.
At present, the resistance measurement of underwater models is usually tested in a circulating water tank, the Reynolds number of the model is usually low, and the model has a large difference from practical application. The sensor is required to be arranged in the water tunnel for testing in the closed high-speed circulating water tunnel, the common method is to connect the sensor to the tail end of the model, the installation is complex, the gravity center of the whole device is moved forwards, and vibration is easily generated when a fluid passes through the device to influence the measurement precision of test data.
Therefore, there is a need for a resistance measurement system that can accommodate high reynolds number underwater models.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a resistance measurement system for an underwater model, which can adapt to higher Reynolds number and clamp models with different shapes and lengths for resistance measurement.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the underwater model resistance measuring system comprises a water tunnel test section, an underwater model, a measuring device, a clamping device and a data acquisition card, wherein the measuring device comprises a base body, a connecting rod, an optical shaft, a pressure sensor and a linear bearing, the optical shaft is arranged on the base body through the linear bearing, the axis of the optical shaft is parallel to the flow direction of fluid in the water tunnel test section, the connecting rod is connected onto the optical shaft, the connecting rod is connected with the underwater model through the clamping device, the pressure sensor is arranged at the tail end of the optical shaft along the flow direction of the fluid on the base body, the pressure sensor is connected with the data acquisition card, and a balancing weight is arranged in the underwater model.
Further, a return spring for resetting is further arranged on the optical axis.
Further, the head and the tail of the base body along the flow direction of the fluid are both semi-cylindrical, the number of the optical axes is two, two parallel cylindrical holes are arranged in the base body side by side, the two ends of the two cylindrical holes are respectively provided with the linear bearings, the two optical axes are respectively arranged in the linear bearings in the two cylindrical holes, the base body is positioned at the downstream of the two cylindrical holes along the flow direction of the fluid and is provided with a sensor mounting groove, the pressure sensor is arranged in the sensor mounting groove, the tail end of the optical axis along the flow direction of the fluid extends to be provided with a small shaft, a small hole matched with the small shaft is arranged between the cylindrical holes and the mounting groove, a sealing ring is arranged on the small hole, the small shaft penetrates through the small hole and can be contacted with the pressure sensor, a reset spring is sleeved on the small shaft, and one end of the reset spring is pressed against the step of the optical axis, the other end pushes up on the base member, the connecting rod wholly is T shape, the top symmetry of connecting rod be equipped with two with optical axis matched with round hole, the connecting rod be equipped with locking screw along radial direction on the round hole, the connecting rod passes through the round hole suit is in on the optical axis, and pass through locking screw locks, follow on the optical axis fluid flow in the water tunnel test section flows to and is equipped with two the connecting rod, the connecting rod lower extreme is worn out the base member with the clamping device is connected.
Furthermore, the cylindrical hole of the base body is internally provided with a silica gel pad pasted at the linear bearing, and the cylindrical hole is radially provided with a set screw.
Further, the base body further comprises a cover plate, the cover plate is installed at the bottom of the base body, a square hole is formed in the cover plate, and the connecting rod penetrates out of the square hole to be connected with the clamping device.
The invention also provides a test method of the underwater model resistance measurement system, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, mounting the measuring device on the upper wall of the water tunnel test section, and mounting the data acquisition card outside the water tunnel test section and connecting the pressure sensor and the data acquisition card;
secondly, the underwater model is installed on the connecting rod through the clamping device, and the overall density of the underwater model is basically equal to that of the fluid in the water tunnel test by adjusting the mass of the balancing weight;
thirdly, starting the water tunnel test section to enable fluid to flow circularly, pushing the underwater model and driving the optical axis in the measuring device to enable the tail end of the underwater model to touch the pressure sensor, and acquiring and recording resistance data of the underwater model by the data acquisition card;
and fourthly, replacing the underwater models with different shapes or different surface structures, repeating the third step, and comparing resistance data of different underwater models to obtain a test conclusion.
Advantageous effects
The invention has the following advantages:
the measuring and mounting position of the underwater model resistance measuring system provided by the invention can select any position of the model, so that the integral gravity center is balanced and the vibration caused in the experimental process is reduced; different clamping devices can be replaced according to underwater models in different shapes, and the underwater model clamping device has high applicability; the mode that two optical axes are arranged in parallel is adopted, so that the vibration in the unfolding direction is reduced, and the integral resistance of the underwater model in the flow direction under the action of fluid is accurately measured; the head and the tail of the measuring device are both in a semi-cylindrical design, so that the disturbance of the pressure gradient abrupt change to a flow field structure is reduced, and the authenticity and the effectiveness of measured data are improved; the overall size of the measuring device is small, so that the influence on the flow field structure can be further reduced, and the measuring accuracy is improved; the material of the invention can be made of aluminum alloy, and the same and mature processing technology is adopted, thus being convenient for processing and manufacturing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an installation schematic of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of a measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an underwater model in an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure, 1 is a water tunnel test section, 2 is a measuring device, 3 is an underwater model, 4 is a clamping device, 5 is a data acquisition card, 21 is a substrate, 22 is a connecting rod, 23 is an optical axis, 24 is a pressure sensor, 25 is a cover plate, 26 is a linear bearing, 31 is a counterweight block, 221 is a locking screw, 231 is a return spring, 242 is a data wire, 243 is a sealing ring, 251 is a square hole, 261 is a set screw, and 262 is a silica gel pad.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the underwater model resistance measuring system comprises a water tunnel test section 1, an underwater model 3, a measuring device 2, a clamping device 4 and a data acquisition card 5.
As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 6, the measuring device 2 includes a base 21, a connecting rod 22, an optical axis 23, a pressure sensor 24 and a linear bearing 26, the optical axis 23 is mounted on the base 21 through the linear bearing 26, an axis of the optical axis 23 is parallel to a flow direction of a fluid in the water tunnel test section 1, the connecting rod 22 is connected to the optical axis 23, the connecting rod 22 is connected to the underwater model 3 through the clamping device 4, the pressure sensor 24 is arranged at a tail end of the optical axis 23 on the base 21 along the flow direction of the fluid, the pressure sensor 24 is connected to the data acquisition card 5 through a data line 242, and a counterweight 31 is arranged in the underwater model 3. The pressure sensor 24 is an underwater force transducer suitable for normal temperature and pressure environment.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the head and the tail of the base 21 along the fluid flow direction are both semi-cylindrical, the number of the optical axes 23 is two, two parallel cylindrical holes are arranged in the base 21 side by side, the linear bearings 26 are arranged at both ends of the two cylindrical holes, the two optical axes 23 are respectively installed in the linear bearings 26 in the two cylindrical holes, a sensor installation groove is arranged at the downstream of the two cylindrical holes along the fluid flow direction of the base 21, the pressure sensor 24 is installed in the sensor installation groove, a small shaft is arranged at the tail end of the optical axis 23 along the fluid flow direction in an extending manner, a small hole matched with the small shaft is arranged between the cylindrical hole and the installation groove, a sealing ring 243 is arranged on the small hole to realize sealing and water proofing, the small shaft penetrates through the small hole and can be contacted with the pressure sensor 24, the cover is equipped with reset spring 231 on the staff, reset spring 231's one end top is in on the step of optical axis 23, and the other end top is in on the base member 21, connecting rod 22 wholly is T shape, the top symmetry of connecting rod 22 be equipped with two with optical axis 23 matched with round hole, connecting rod 22 be equipped with locking screw 221 along radial direction on the round hole, connecting rod 22 passes through the round hole suit is in on the optical axis 23, and pass through locking screw 221 locks, follow on the optical axis 23 the fluid flow in the experimental section of water hole 1 flows to be equipped with two connecting rod 22, connecting rod 22 lower extreme is worn out base member 21 with clamping device 4 connects.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, silica gel pads 262 are attached to the cylindrical holes of the base 21 at the positions of the linear bearings 26, the two cylindrical holes are about 3/4 cylindrical, and the linear bearings 26 are also provided with 1/4 notches. The cylindrical hole is provided with a set screw 261 along the radial direction, and the linear bearing 26 is opened to the outside and is fixed by the set screw 261. The silica gel pad 262 is attached to achieve fine adjustment of the unfolding direction. The set screw 261 can be lubricated by lubricating oil to lubricate the linear bearing 26, and the optical axis 23 can be adjusted to freely slide in the linear bearing 26 by adjusting the set screw 261.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the base body 21 further includes a cover plate 25, the cover plate 25 is mounted at the bottom of the base body 21, a square hole 251 is formed in the cover plate 25, and the connecting rod 22 penetrates through the square hole 251 to be connected with the clamping device 4. The cover plate 25 is added, so that the installation is convenient, a complete surface can be formed, and the influence on a flow field is reduced.
Test method
The testing method of the underwater model resistance measuring system comprises the following steps:
firstly, mounting the measuring device 2 on the upper wall of the water tunnel test section 1, mounting the data acquisition card 5 outside the water tunnel test section 1, and connecting the pressure sensor 24 and the data acquisition card 5;
secondly, the underwater model 3 is installed on the connecting rod 22 through the clamping device 4, and the overall density of the underwater model 3 is basically equal to that of the fluid in the water tunnel test 1 by adjusting the mass of the balancing weight 31;
thirdly, starting the water tunnel test section 1 to enable fluid to flow circularly, pushing the underwater model 3 and driving the optical axis 23 in the measuring device 2 to enable the tail end of the underwater model to touch the pressure sensor 24, and acquiring and recording resistance data of the underwater model 3 by the data acquisition card 5;
and fourthly, replacing the underwater models 3 with different shapes or different surface structures, repeating the third step, and comparing resistance data of the different underwater models 3 to obtain a test conclusion.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an underwater model resistance measurement system, includes water tunnel test section (1) and underwater model (3), its characterized in that: also comprises a measuring device (2), a clamping device (4) and a data acquisition card (5), the measuring device (2) comprises a base body (21), a connecting rod (22), an optical axis (23), a pressure sensor (24) and a linear bearing (26), the optical axis (23) is mounted on the base body (21) by means of the linear bearing (26), the axis of the optical axis (23) is parallel to the flow direction of the fluid in the water hole test section (1), the optical axis (23) is connected with the connecting rod (22), the connecting rod (22) is connected with the underwater model (3) through the clamping device (4), the pressure sensor (24) is arranged on the base body (21) at the end of the optical axis (23) in the fluid flow direction, the pressure sensor (24) is connected with the data acquisition card (5), and a balancing weight (31) is arranged in the underwater model (3); the head and the tail of the base body (21) along the flow direction of the fluid are semi-cylindrical, the number of the optical axes (23) is two, two parallel cylindrical holes are arranged in the base body (21) side by side, the two ends of the two cylindrical holes are respectively provided with the linear bearings (26), the two optical axes (23) are respectively arranged in the linear bearings (26) in the two cylindrical holes, a sensor mounting groove is formed in the base body (21) at the position, downstream of the two cylindrical holes, along the flow direction of the fluid, of the two cylindrical holes, a pressure sensor (24) is mounted in the sensor mounting groove, a small shaft extends from the tail end of the optical axis (23) along the flow direction of the fluid, a small hole matched with the small shaft is formed between the cylindrical holes and the mounting groove, a sealing ring (243) is arranged on the small hole, and the small shaft penetrates through the small hole and can be in contact with the pressure sensor (24), the utility model discloses a water tunnel test device, including the staff, the staff is last to be equipped with reset spring (231) on the cover, the one end top of reset spring (231) is in on the step of optical axis (23), and the other end top is in on base member (21), connecting rod (22) wholly is T shape, the top symmetry of connecting rod (22) be equipped with two with optical axis (23) matched with round hole, connecting rod (22) be equipped with locking screw (221) along radial direction on the round hole, connecting rod (22) pass through the round hole suit is in on optical axis (23), and pass through locking screw (221) locking, follow on optical axis (23) fluid flow in water tunnel test section (1) flows to be equipped with two connecting rod (22), connecting rod (22) lower extreme is worn out base member (21) with clamping device (4) are connected.
2. An underwater model resistance measurement system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cylindrical hole of base member (21) is located all paste silica gel pad (262) linear bearing (26) department, just the cylindrical hole is along radially being equipped with holding screw (261).
3. An underwater model resistance measurement system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the base body (21) further comprises a cover plate (25), the cover plate (25) is installed at the bottom of the base body (21), a square hole (251) is formed in the cover plate (25), and the connecting rod (22) penetrates out of the square hole (251) to be connected with the clamping device (4).
4. A method of testing an underwater model resistance measurement system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
firstly, mounting the measuring device (2) on the upper wall of the water tunnel test section (1), and mounting the data acquisition card (5) outside the water tunnel test section (1) and connecting the pressure sensor (24) and the data acquisition card (5);
secondly, the underwater model (3) is installed on the connecting rod (22) through the clamping device (4), and the overall density of the underwater model (3) is basically equal to that of the fluid in the water tunnel test section (1) by adjusting the mass of the balancing weight (31);
thirdly, starting the water tunnel test section (1) to enable fluid to flow circularly, pushing the underwater model (3) and driving the optical axis (23) in the measuring device (2) to enable the tail end of the optical axis to touch the pressure sensor (24), and acquiring and recording resistance data of the underwater model (3) by the data acquisition card (5);
and fourthly, replacing the underwater models (3) with different shapes or different surface structures, repeating the third step, and comparing resistance data of the different underwater models (3) to obtain a test conclusion.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011449000.1A CN112556984B (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Underwater model resistance measurement system and test method |
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| CN202011449000.1A CN112556984B (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Underwater model resistance measurement system and test method |
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| CN112556984A CN112556984A (en) | 2021-03-26 |
| CN112556984B true CN112556984B (en) | 2022-08-19 |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4587841A (en) * | 1984-02-22 | 1986-05-13 | Etat Francais | Hydrodynamic test apparatus |
| CN101832852A (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-09-15 | 西北工业大学 | High-precision balance for measuring resistance of water tunnel |
| CN102914442A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-02-06 | 清华大学 | One-way pressure dynamic loading device |
| CN107515099A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2017-12-26 | 何珠贞 | A kind of coastal wave energy intensity detection front end equipment |
| CN108181086A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2018-06-19 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | A kind of change depth of water towing basin resistance reduction by air cavity test method |
| CN207798368U (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-08-31 | 广州大学 | A kind of test system for wind energy collecting device direction vibration wind tunnel test |
| CN110579332A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-12-17 | 中国计量大学 | Device for measuring fluid resistance of corrugated plate |
| CN110849581A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-28 | 浙江工业大学 | Deformation wall resistance testing device based on fish body surface structure |
-
2020
- 2020-12-09 CN CN202011449000.1A patent/CN112556984B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4587841A (en) * | 1984-02-22 | 1986-05-13 | Etat Francais | Hydrodynamic test apparatus |
| CN101832852A (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-09-15 | 西北工业大学 | High-precision balance for measuring resistance of water tunnel |
| CN102914442A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-02-06 | 清华大学 | One-way pressure dynamic loading device |
| CN108181086A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2018-06-19 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | A kind of change depth of water towing basin resistance reduction by air cavity test method |
| CN107515099A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2017-12-26 | 何珠贞 | A kind of coastal wave energy intensity detection front end equipment |
| CN207798368U (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-08-31 | 广州大学 | A kind of test system for wind energy collecting device direction vibration wind tunnel test |
| CN110579332A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-12-17 | 中国计量大学 | Device for measuring fluid resistance of corrugated plate |
| CN110849581A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-28 | 浙江工业大学 | Deformation wall resistance testing device based on fish body surface structure |
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