CN112556666A - Linear lofting method for complex terrain situation - Google Patents

Linear lofting method for complex terrain situation Download PDF

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CN112556666A
CN112556666A CN202011331872.8A CN202011331872A CN112556666A CN 112556666 A CN112556666 A CN 112556666A CN 202011331872 A CN202011331872 A CN 202011331872A CN 112556666 A CN112556666 A CN 112556666A
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lofting
straight line
prism
complex terrain
point
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CN112556666B (en
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邸国辉
周胜洁
贺庆
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Hubei Provincial Water Resources and Hydropower Planning Survey and Design Institute
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Hubei Provincial Water Resources and Hydropower Planning Survey and Design Institute
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
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Abstract

The invention discloses a straight line lofting method for complex terrains, which is characterized in that lofting points P are arranged on a design straight line AB; at least two control net points are distributed in an area close to the design straight line AB; selecting the position of a prism P 'at a position close to the design straight line AB, and acquiring the coordinate of the position P' of the prism; acquiring an offset distance d from the lofting point P to the design straight line AB; adjusting the position P' of the prism to move towards a designed straight line d; obtaining the position P' of the prism again, and obtaining the offset distance d from the lofting point P to the design straight line AB again; judging whether the offset distance d is smaller than a preset limit difference value or not; and finishing the linear lofting of the lofting point P. The method is suitable for complex terrain situations such as ponds, ditches, steep slopes and the like, and solves the problem that the setting-out can not be performed at fixed points according to the coordinate setting of the pre-calculated point, so that the construction measurement efficiency is improved.

Description

Linear lofting method for complex terrain situation
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of line engineering construction, and particularly relates to a linear lofting method for a complex terrain.
Background
In the existing line engineering construction, due to the limitation of terrain conditions (such as ponds and forest lands), prisms are difficult to arrange, so that the design coordinate points cannot be lofted. The central line of the specified line of the specifications such as engineering measurement specification and water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction measurement specification is measured by adopting a polar coordinate method, and a method for solving the problem of straight line lofting of complex terrain is needed.
The invention content is as follows:
in order to overcome the defects of the background art, the invention provides a straight line lofting method for a complex terrain, which solves the problem that lofting can not be fixed according to a preset point coordinate, and thus the construction measurement efficiency is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method of straight line lofting of complex terrain, comprising:
step 1, setting a lofting point P on a design straight line AB;
step 2, at least two control net points are distributed in an area close to the design straight line AB;
step 3, selecting the position of an initial prism P 'at a position within a set distance range of the design straight line AB, and acquiring the coordinate of the prism position P';
step 4, acquiring an offset distance d from the lofting point P to the design straight line AB, and entering step 5;
step 5, adjusting the position P' of the prism to move towards a design straight line d;
step 6, the position P' of the prism is obtained again, the offset distance d from the lofting point P to the design straight line AB is obtained again, and the step 7 is carried out;
step 7, judging whether the offset distance d is smaller than a preset limit difference value, if so, entering a step 8, and if not, returning to the step 5;
and 8, finishing the linear lofting of the lofting point P.
Preferably, the set distance range is 50 m.
Preferably, the predetermined margin difference is 0.01 m.
Preferably, the straight line distance between the mesh point and the lofting point P is controlled to be not more than 300 meters.
Preferably, before the position of the prism P 'is selected, the area where the complex terrain including pond, ditch, steep slope is located is found in advance, and the position of the selected prism P' is selected at a position outside the area where the complex terrain is located.
Preferably, the method of acquiring the coordinates of the prism position P' includes: the total station is erected at one of the control nodes, the other control node is used as a rear view, and the coordinates of the prism P' are measured by adopting a polar coordinate method.
According to claimThe method for lofting the straight line of the complex terrain according to claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining the offset distance d from the lofting point P to the design straight line AB comprises: according to the azimuth angle alphaABAzimuthal angle alphaBPAnd a distance SBPObtaining the offset distance d from the lofting point P to the design straight line AB, and calculating the azimuth angle alpha by using a coordinate back calculation formulaABAzimuthal angle alphaBPAnd a distance SBP。
Figure RE-GDA0002944954900000031
Where ρ is 206264.8 ″, and δ is αBP-αAB，αABαBP。
Preferably, the method for adjusting the prism position P' to move d toward the design straight line includes: if d is less than 0, the position P' of the prism moves d clockwise by taking B as the center of a circle; if d is greater than 0, the prism position P' moves in a counterclockwise direction by d with B as a center.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is suitable for complex terrain situations such as ponds, ditches, steep slopes and the like, and solves the problem that the setting-out can not be performed at fixed points according to the coordinate setting of the pre-calculated point, so that the construction measurement efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a straight-line lofting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A method of straight line lofting of complex terrain, comprising:
step 1, setting a lofting point P on a design straight line AB;
step 2, at least two control net points are distributed in an area close to the design straight line AB; and controlling the linear distance between the mesh point and the lofting point P to be not more than 300 m.
Step 3, selecting the position of the prism P 'at a position close to the design straight line AB (with the distance of about 50 m), and acquiring the coordinate of the position P' of the prism; the area where the complex terrain is located is found out in advance, the complex terrain comprises a pond, a ditch and a steep slope, and the position of the selected prism P' is selected at a position outside the area where the complex terrain is located.
The method for acquiring the coordinates of the prism position P' comprises the following steps: the total station is erected at one of the control nodes, the other control node is used as a rear view, and the coordinates of the prism P' are measured by adopting a polar coordinate method.
Step 4, obtaining the offset distance d from the lofting point P to the design straight line AB, and obtaining the azimuth angle alphaABAzimuthal angle alphaBPAnd a distance SBPAcquiring an offset distance d from the lofting point P to the design straight line AB;
Figure RE-GDA0002944954900000041
where ρ is 206264.8 ″, and δ is αBP-αAB
Calculating the azimuth angle alpha by using a coordinate back calculation formulaABAzimuthal angle alphaBPAnd a distance SBPSee formula 1 and formula 2.
Figure RE-GDA0002944954900000042
Figure RE-GDA0002944954900000043
αABSee equation 1 for the calculation of (c).
Wherein XPIs the ordinate of P, YPIs the abscissa of P, XBIs the ordinate of B, YBIs the abscissa of B, XAIs the ordinate of A, YAIs the abscissa of A.
Then entering step 5;
step 5, adjusting the position P' of the prism to move towards a design straight line d; the method for adjusting the prism position P' to move to the design straight line d comprises the following steps: if d is less than 0, the position P' of the prism moves d clockwise by taking B as the center of a circle; if d is greater than 0, the prism position P' moves in a counterclockwise direction by d with B as a center.
Step 6, the position P' of the prism is obtained again, the offset distance d from the lofting point P to the design straight line AB is obtained again, and the step 7 is carried out;
step 7, judging whether the offset distance d is smaller than a preset limit difference value (0.01m), if so, entering a step 8, and if not, returning to the step 5;
and 8, finishing the linear lofting of the lofting point P.
The following embodiment specifically exemplifies the scheme and specific applications with reference to the drawings:
(1) as shown in FIG. 1, A, B is the design straight line point, and P is the loft point located on the straight line.
(2) And the distance between the control mesh point (such as K1 and K2 shown in figure 1) and a point P on the straight line is not more than 300 m.
(3) Firstly selecting a prism position P 'according to a topographic map by avoiding terrains such as a pond on the spot, and requiring that P' is near a design straight line;
(4) the total station is erected on K2, takes K1 as a rear view, and measures a coordinate P' of the prism by adopting a polar coordinate method;
(5) calculating the azimuth angle alpha by using a coordinate back calculation formulaABAzimuthal angle alphaBPAnd a distance SBPThen according to the azimuth angle alphaABAzimuthal angle alphaBPAnd a distance SBPAcquiring an offset distance d from the lofting point P to the design straight line AB;
(6) adjusting the position of the prism to move to a designed straight line by d, and when d is less than 0, moving P' clockwise by taking B as the center of a circle by d; when d is greater than 0, P' moves d in the counterclockwise direction by taking B as the center of circle;
(7) and (5) measuring the coordinate P' of the prism again, repeating the steps (4) to (6) until the offset distance d is smaller than the limit difference, and finishing the linear lofting of the point P.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A method for straight lofting of complex terrain, comprising:
step 1, setting a lofting point P on a design straight line AB;
step 2, at least two control net points are distributed in an area close to the design straight line AB;
step 3, selecting the position of an initial prism P 'at the position within the set distance range of the design straight line AB, and acquiring the coordinate of the prism position P';
step 4, obtaining the offset distance d from the lofting point P to the design straight line AB, and entering step 5;
step 5, adjusting the position P' of the prism to move towards a design straight line d;
step 6, obtaining the position P' of the prism again, obtaining the offset distance d from the lofting point P to the design straight line AB again, and entering step 7;
step 7, judging whether the offset distance d is smaller than a preset limit difference value, if so, entering a step 8, and if not, returning to the step 5;
and 8, finishing the linear lofting of the lofting point P.
2. The method for straight lofting of complex terrain according to claim 1, wherein: the set distance range is 50 m.
3. The method for straight lofting of complex terrain according to claim 1, wherein: the preset limit difference value is 0.01 m.
4. The method for straight lofting of complex terrain according to claim 1, wherein: and the linear distance between the control mesh point and the lofting point P is not more than 300 m.
5. The method for straight lofting of complex terrain according to claim 1, wherein: before the position of the prism P 'is selected, the area where the complex terrain is located is found in advance, the complex terrain comprises a pond, a ditch and a steep slope, and the position of the selected prism P' is selected at a position outside the area where the complex terrain is located.
6. A method of straight line lofting of complex terrain according to claim 1, wherein the method of obtaining the coordinates of the prism position P' comprises: the total station is erected on one of the control network points, the other control network point is used as a rear view, and the coordinates of the prism P' are measured by adopting a polar coordinate method.
The method for straight-line lofting of complex terrain according to claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining the offset distance d from the lofting point P to the design straight line AB comprises: according to the azimuth angle alphaABAzimuthal angle alphaBPAnd a distance SBPObtaining the offset distance d from the lofting point P to the design straight line AB, and calculating the azimuth angle alpha by using a coordinate back calculation formulaABAzimuthal angle alphaBPAnd a distance SBP。
Figure FDA0002796049430000021
Where ρ is 206264.8 ″, and δ is αBP-αAB，αABαBP。
7. The method for straight lofting of complex terrain according to claim 1, wherein the method for adjusting the prism position P' to move d to the design straight line comprises: if d is less than 0, the position P' of the prism moves d clockwise by taking B as the center of a circle; if d is greater than 0, the prism position P' moves in a counterclockwise direction by d with B as a center.
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CN114812503A (en) * 2022-04-14 2022-07-29 湖北省水利水电规划勘测设计院 Cliff point cloud extraction method based on airborne laser scanning

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CN103616018A (en) * 2013-11-26 2014-03-05 中冶天工集团有限公司 Quick arc lofting method based on non-circle-center position
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CN102147252A (en) * 2010-12-30 2011-08-10 中铁三局集团电务工程有限公司 Method for determining strut positions of contact network of special railway line for passenger traffic
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CN103616018A (en) * 2013-11-26 2014-03-05 中冶天工集团有限公司 Quick arc lofting method based on non-circle-center position
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CN111366961A (en) * 2020-03-30 2020-07-03 中铁四局集团第五工程有限公司 RTK axis lofting measurement method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114812503A (en) * 2022-04-14 2022-07-29 湖北省水利水电规划勘测设计院 Cliff point cloud extraction method based on airborne laser scanning
CN114812503B (en) * 2022-04-14 2024-05-28 湖北省水利水电规划勘测设计院 Cliff point cloud extraction method based on airborne laser scanning

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