CN112556518B - Small-caliber ammunition micro-fluid fuse security mechanism - Google Patents
Small-caliber ammunition micro-fluid fuse security mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN112556518B CN112556518B CN202011340011.6A CN202011340011A CN112556518B CN 112556518 B CN112556518 B CN 112556518B CN 202011340011 A CN202011340011 A CN 202011340011A CN 112556518 B CN112556518 B CN 112556518B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/40—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected electrically
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small-caliber ammunition micro-fluid fuse security mechanism which comprises a substrate, a cover plate, two pairs of metal electrodes, a micro-channel and a metal liquid drop cover plate, wherein the metal electrodes, the micro-channel and the metal liquid drop cover plate are positioned at the upper end of the substrate, and the substrate and the metal liquid drop cover plate are sealed; the substrate is provided with a micro-channel, and the metal electrode is arranged on the cover plate; the micro-channel comprises a U-shaped liquid storage tank, a semi-elliptical liquid storage tank, a capillary valve, a straight channel, a delay channel, a U-shaped locking channel and a gas guide channel; the metal liquid drop is positioned in the liquid storage tank; the first pair of electrodes is in the back seat division part, and the second pair of electrodes is in the centrifugal time delay part; when the environmental recoil is larger than the threshold value, the liquid drop breaks through the capillary valve, the first pair of electrodes are conducted, and the first fuse is relieved; under the centrifugal load, the liquid drops flow through the delay channel for delay and finally flow to the metal electrode of the centrifugal latching channel, and the electrode is conducted to realize the relief of the second fuse; the invention introduces microfluid into the fuse safety system, so that the small-caliber fuse structure is more miniaturized, the contact is more stable and reliable, and the fuse safety system has the characteristic of long-distance fuse relief.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuse safety, and particularly relates to a small-caliber ammunition microfluid fuse security mechanism.
Background
At present, in the design of small-caliber bullet fuze safety systems at home and abroad, a mechanical safety mechanism is relatively mature, safety is relieved mainly by identifying a backseat and a centrifugal load in a launching environment, but the design of a small-caliber bullet delay relief mechanism has problems all the time, and the requirement on safety distance is difficult to meet. The current small-bore bullet usually adopts mechanical flame proof safety mechanism, and mechanical delay device leads to the structure complicacy, and the volume increase is unfavorable for the miniaturization and the integration of detonator. The invention belongs to the microfluid technology in the MEMS field, has simple structure and small volume, and can be used for miniaturized integration in small-caliber fuses.
In 2018, Ji-hun Jeong, et al, a small caliber ammunition fuse was developed by korean institute of science and technology. The device adopts an out-of-control escapement mechanism system controlled by the motion of the rack and the gear, and realizes the function of reliably delaying and relieving insurance. The miniature mechanical safety device is manufactured by adopting a stainless steel wet etching process, has a complex mechanical structure and is difficult to realize the miniaturization of a fuse.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small-caliber ammunition microfluid fuse security mechanism which meets the military requirement of fuse miniaturization based on microfluid technology.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a small-caliber ammunition micro-fluid fuse security mechanism comprises a substrate, a cover plate, a micro-channel, a first counter electrode and a second counter electrode; the microchannel is arranged on the substrate; the base and the cover plate are sealed; the micro-channel consists of a recoil environment distinguishing structure and a centrifugal time delay structure, and the two structures are connected through an air guide channel;
the recoil distinguishing structure comprises a U-shaped liquid storage tank, a first capillary valve, a second capillary valve, a curved channel and a locking channel; the short side end of the U-shaped liquid storage tank is connected with a first capillary valve, and the upper end of the first capillary valve is connected with a locking channel; the upper end of the locking channel is connected with the air guide channel; the long side end of the U-shaped liquid storage tank is connected with a second capillary valve; the upper end of the second capillary valve is connected with the curved channel; the upper end of the curved channel is connected with the air guide channel; the second capillary valve is connected with the curved channel;
the centrifugal time-delay structure comprises a semi-elliptical liquid storage tank, a third capillary valve, a time-delay channel, a fourth capillary valve, a U-shaped locking channel, a fifth capillary valve and a sixth capillary valve; the upper end of the semi-elliptical liquid storage tank is connected with the air guide channel, and one end of the semi-elliptical liquid storage tank is connected with the third capillary valve; the third capillary valve is connected with the delay channel; the delay channel is connected with the fourth capillary valve, one end of the U-shaped locking channel is connected with the fourth capillary valve, and the other end of the U-shaped locking channel is connected with the fifth capillary valve; the other end of the fifth capillary valve is connected with a sixth capillary valve; the other end of the sixth capillary valve is connected with the air guide channel;
the metal liquid drops are positioned in the U-shaped liquid storage pool and the semi-elliptical liquid storage pool; the first pair of electrodes are led out from two ends of a U-shaped liquid storage tank and a locking channel of the recoil distinguishing structure part, and the second pair of electrodes are led out from the upper end and the lower end of the U-shaped locking channel of the centrifugal time delay part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the microfluidic fuse security mechanism has the bidirectional high-overload resistance performance, and effectively avoids the fuse from being triggered in a service state.
(2) The microfluidic fuse security mechanism meets the design requirement of redundancy insurance in the fuse security mechanism, and is provided with two independent safety devices to ensure the safety of a fuse.
(3) The invention relates to a microfluid fuse security mechanism, which drives metal liquid drops to move by inertia force to conduct electrodes. Compared with the traditional mechanical contact micro-mechanical security mechanism, the mechanical contact micro-mechanical security mechanism has the advantages of reliable contact, large contact area, small contact resistance and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a microfluidic fuze security mechanism.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a microchannel etched into a substrate.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a cover plate plated with a metal electrode.
Fig. 4 is a top view of a microfluidic fuze security mechanism.
Fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of the microfluidic fuze security mechanism in an initial state.
Fig. 6 is a simulation diagram of the metal droplet position in the initial state of the rear seat distinction apparatus portion.
FIG. 7 is a simulation diagram of the second fuse release state after the centrifugal load effect is delayed and the metal droplet reaches the final position.
FIG. 8 is a first path simulation of the end position of the metal droplet after the squat load is applied.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
With reference to fig. 1-4, the invention relates to a small-caliber ammunition micro-fluid fuze security mechanism, which comprises a substrate, a cover plate 2, a micro-channel 4, a metal droplet, a first pair of electrodes 1 and a second pair of electrodes 3; the micro-channel 4 is arranged on a substrate, and the substrate and the cover plate 2 are sealed, so that metal liquid drops are prevented from being splashed out of the micro-channel 4; the micro-channel structure consists of a recoil environment distinguishing structure and a centrifugal time-delay structure, wherein the recoil environment distinguishing structure is connected with the centrifugal time-delay structure through an air guide channel 15.
The recoil division structure part comprises a U-shaped liquid storage tank 5, a first capillary valve 6, a second capillary valve 17, a curved channel 16 and a locking channel 7; one end of the U-shaped liquid storage tank 5 is a short-edge end, the other end of the U-shaped liquid storage tank is a long-edge end, the upper end of the short edge is connected with a first capillary valve 6, and the upper end of the first capillary valve 6 is connected with a locking channel 7; the upper end of the locking channel 7 is connected with the air guide channel 15; the upper end of the long side of the U-shaped liquid storage tank 5 is connected with a second capillary valve 17; the upper end of the second capillary valve 17 is connected with the curved channel 16; the upper end of the curved channel 16 is connected with the air guide channel 15; the second capillary valve 17 is connected with the curved channel 16, so that the metal liquid drops can not be separated when being subjected to reverse impact service load, and the initial state is kept.
The centrifugal time-delay structure part consists of a semi-elliptical liquid storage tank 8, a third capillary valve 9, a time-delay channel 10, a fourth capillary valve 11, a U-shaped locking channel 12, a fifth capillary valve 13 and a sixth capillary valve 14; the upper end of the semi-elliptical liquid storage tank 8 is connected with the gas guide channel 15, and the right end of the semi-elliptical liquid storage tank is connected with the third capillary valve 9; the third capillary valve 9 is connected with the left end of the delay channel 10; the right end of the delay channel 10 is connected with a fourth capillary valve 11, one end of a U-shaped locking channel 12 is connected with the fourth capillary valve 11, and the other end of the U-shaped locking channel is connected with a fifth capillary valve 13; the other end of the fifth capillary valve 13 is connected with a sixth capillary valve 14; the other end of the sixth capillary valve 14 is connected with an air guide channel 15. The delay channel 10 is a snake-shaped channel and has the function of delaying and relieving insurance.
The metal liquid drops are positioned in the U-shaped liquid storage tank 5 and the semi-elliptical liquid storage tank 8; the first pair of electrodes 1 are led out from two ends of a U-shaped liquid storage tank 5 and a locking channel 7 of the recoil division structure part, and the second pair of electrodes 3 are led out from the upper end and the lower end of a U-shaped locking channel 12 of the centrifugal time delay part.
In terms of the flow direction of the metal liquid drops of the recoil discriminating device portion from the short side of the U-shaped liquid reservoir 5, the first capillary valve 6 is an expanding capillary valve, and the second capillary valve 17 is a contracting capillary valve; when the metal liquid drop flow of the centrifugal delay part device is seen, the third capillary valve 9 is a contraction-shaped capillary valve, the fourth capillary valve 11 is an expansion-shaped capillary valve, and the fifth capillary valve 13 is an expansion-shaped capillary valve; the sixth capillary valve 14 is a constriction capillary valve.
Furthermore, the substrate and the cover plate 2 are connected in a bonding mode, and the sealing performance is guaranteed.
Further, the substrate is made of a non-conductive material, such as silicon, PMMA, PDMS, and the like.
Preferably, the substrate is a silicon substrate, and a contact angle between the silicon substrate and the liquid metal is large, so that the metal liquid drop is always located at an initial position in an initial state.
Preferably, the cover plate 2 is a glass cover plate, and the glass cover plate is convenient for observing the position of the metal liquid drop.
The metal droplets are liquid metal with large surface tension, such as mercury or gallium indium tin alloy.
The working principle is described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings:
FIG. 5 shows the initial state stress of the metal droplets in the recoil and centrifugation delay sections of the microfluidic security mechanism.
Referring to fig. 6, the liquid-gas interface of the first capillary valve on the right side of the U-shaped liquid storage tank of the recoil partition part is subjected to air pressure POAnd capillary force P1The left liquid-gas interface is positioned at the second capillary valve and is subjected to air pressure POAnd capillary force P2。
The left-right liquid level pressure difference Δ P can be obtained by the following formula1、ΔP2。
Where σ is the surface tension coefficient of the metal droplet, θ is the contact angle of the metal droplet on the substrate, w1、w2Representing the width of the left and right interfaces, h1、h2The depth of the left and right interfaces, respectively, is equal to the same depth h, thetaI＝min{θ+α3,180°}，α1Is the angle between the wall surface of the second capillary valve 17 and the vertical, alpha3Is the included angle between the wall surface of the first capillary valve 6 and the vertical direction, rho is the density of metal liquid drops, R is the excircle radius of the U-shaped liquid storage tank, and R is the inner circle radius of the U-shaped liquid storage tank.
As in FIG. 6, for the initial state, Δ P2-ΔP1>0, indicating that the working fluid will remain in the U-shaped reservoir 5 unless there is an applied acceleration load. When the microfluidic security mechanism is subjected to a post-launch seating load, the working fluid will break through the first capillary valve 5. The static acceleration threshold a of the squat definition part can be calculated with the following formula; .
Wherein: rho is the density of the liquid metal, C is the surface roughness coefficient, H is the initial height difference of the liquid level, Δ P1And Δ P2The width w of the interface is the pressure difference applied to the liquid level on the left and right sides1、w2And depth h1、h2The structural parameters are known, so that the breakthrough threshold of the capillary valve is calculated, and the width w of the capillary valve is adjusted1、w2And the depth h can be adjusted to control the breakthrough threshold.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the initial state metal droplet is retained in the reservoir in the recoil portion and the centrifugal delay portion as shown in fig. 5. When the small-caliber bomb is launched, metal liquid drops positioned on the recoil division structure part are subjected to launching environmental loads, the metal liquid drops break through the first capillary valve 6, the locking channel 7 is stably contacted with the upper ends of the first pair of electrodes, the electrodes are electrified, the first safety is relieved, and the final positions of the liquid drops are shown in fig. 8; meanwhile, the metal droplets in the semiellipse 8 do not move under the action of the pellet climbing force and are in a safety state, after the aftereffect of the shot recoil load is passed, the metal droplets in the semiellipse 8 break through the third capillary valve 9 under the action of the centrifugal load and reach the U-shaped locking channel 12 after certain time delay through the snake-shaped time delay channel 10, and under the action of the fourth capillary valve 11 and the fifth capillary valve 13 at the two ends of the U-shaped locking channel 12, the metal droplets are kept in stable contact to form reliable locking, and the second pair of electrodes is conducted, as shown in fig. 7, the second safety is relieved. The safety protection mechanism removes the safety protection under the condition of identifying the environmental information, and the power connection signal is transmitted into the subsequent safety control circuit to form a reliable safety system.
The microfluid fuze security mechanism can distinguish the ammunition launching environment from the service environment, and can realize the stability of liquid drops under bidirectional service load. Under the action of an ammunition launching environment, the centrifugal environment delay channel can realize ammunition delay relief and ensure the safety distance of the ammunition out of a gun muzzle.
Claims (6)
1. A small-caliber ammunition micro-fluid fuze security mechanism comprises a substrate, a cover plate (2), a micro-channel (4), a first counter electrode (1) and a second counter electrode (3); the microchannel (4) is arranged on a substrate; the base and the cover plate (2) are sealed; the device is characterized in that the micro-channel (4) consists of a recoil environment distinguishing structure and a centrifugal time-delay structure, and the two structures are connected through an air guide channel (15);
the recoil environment distinguishing structure comprises a U-shaped liquid storage tank (5), a first capillary valve (6), a second capillary valve (17), a curved channel (16) and a locking channel (7); the short side end of the U-shaped liquid storage tank (5) is connected with a first capillary valve (6), and the upper end of the first capillary valve (6) is connected with a locking channel (7); the upper end of the locking channel (7) is connected with the air guide channel (15); the long side end of the U-shaped liquid storage tank (5) is connected with a second capillary valve (17); the upper end of the second capillary valve (17) is connected with the curved channel (16); the upper end of the curved channel (16) is connected with the air guide channel (15); the second capillary valve (17) is connected with the curved channel (16);
the centrifugal time-delay structure comprises a semi-elliptical liquid storage tank (8), a third capillary valve (9), a time-delay channel (10), a fourth capillary valve (11), a U-shaped locking channel (12), a fifth capillary valve (13) and a sixth capillary valve (14); the upper end of the semi-elliptical liquid storage tank (8) is connected with the gas guide channel (15), and one end of the semi-elliptical liquid storage tank is connected with the third capillary valve (9); the third capillary valve (9) is connected with the delay channel; the delay channel (10) is connected with the fourth capillary valve (11), one end of the U-shaped locking channel (12) is connected with the fourth capillary valve (11), and the other end of the U-shaped locking channel is connected with the fifth capillary valve (13); the other end of the fifth capillary valve (13) is connected with a sixth capillary valve (14); the other end of the sixth capillary valve (14) is connected with the air guide channel (15);
the metal liquid drops are positioned in the U-shaped liquid storage tank (5) and the semi-elliptical liquid storage tank (8); the first pair of electrodes (1) are led out from two ends of a U-shaped liquid storage tank (5) and a locking channel (7) of a recoil partition structure part, and the second pair of electrodes (3) are led out from the upper end and the lower end of a U-shaped locking channel (12) of a centrifugal time delay part.
2. The microfluidic fuze security mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate and the cover plate (2) are connected by bonding.
3. The microfluidic fuze security mechanism of claim 1, wherein the substrate is made of a non-conductive material.
4. The microfluidic fuze security mechanism of claim 3, wherein the substrate material is silicon, PMMA or PDMS.
5. The microfluidic fuze security mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover plate (2) is a glass cover plate.
6. The microfluidic fuze security mechanism of claim 1, wherein the metal droplets are mercury or gallium indium tin alloy.
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| CN202011340011.6A CN112556518B (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Small-caliber ammunition micro-fluid fuse security mechanism |
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| CN202011340011.6A CN112556518B (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Small-caliber ammunition micro-fluid fuse security mechanism |
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| CN112556518B true CN112556518B (en) | 2022-03-22 |
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