CN112555881A - Gas boiler air gas parallel connection integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device - Google Patents

Gas boiler air gas parallel connection integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112555881A
CN112555881A CN202011163281.4A CN202011163281A CN112555881A CN 112555881 A CN112555881 A CN 112555881A CN 202011163281 A CN202011163281 A CN 202011163281A CN 112555881 A CN112555881 A CN 112555881A
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China
Prior art keywords
gas
flue gas
air
boiler
heat exchanger
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Pending
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CN202011163281.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王小龙
刘立新
余永江
朱能闯
韩力
占成伟
黄永和
张行
常刘军
张单
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China City Environment Protection Engineering Ltd
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China City Environment Protection Engineering Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by China City Environment Protection Engineering Ltd filed Critical China City Environment Protection Engineering Ltd
Priority to CN202011163281.4A priority Critical patent/CN112555881A/en
Publication of CN112555881A publication Critical patent/CN112555881A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/099377 priority patent/WO2022088687A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L15/00Heating of air supplied for combustion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of gas power generation, in particular to a gas boiler air-gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device, which comprises a boiler smoke system, an air system, a gas system, an air preheater and a smoke-gas heat exchanger; the air preheater is connected with the flue gas-gas heat exchanger in parallel, a flue gas inlet of the air preheater and a flue gas inlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger are both communicated with a boiler flue gas system, and a flue gas outlet of the air preheater and a flue gas outlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger are both communicated with an induced draft fan; an air inlet of the air preheater is communicated with an air system, and an air outlet of the air preheater is communicated with a boiler burner; the gas inlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger is communicated with a gas system, and the gas outlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger is communicated with a boiler burner. The invention adopts the mode that the air preheater and the flue gas-gas heat exchanger are connected in parallel to cool the flue gas at the tail part of the boiler, and further reduces the temperature of the flue gas only by depending on air and fuel required by the combustion of the boiler on the premise of not adopting an additional cold source.

Description

Gas boiler air gas parallel connection integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas power generation, in particular to an air and gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction and energy saving device for a gas boiler.
Background
In the production process of iron and steel enterprises, a large amount of surplus coal gas is generated, and in order to improve economic benefit and environment, the recovery of the surplus coal gas for power generation is a common energy clean utilization measure for iron and steel. For a gas boiler, due to its own characteristics, the heat loss of exhaust gas accounts for more than 80% of the heat loss of the boiler, so that the reduction of the heat loss of exhaust gas is the most effective means for improving the efficiency of the gas boiler, and the most important factor for determining the heat loss of exhaust gas is the temperature of exhaust gas, so that the main way for improving the thermal efficiency of the boiler is to reduce the temperature of exhaust gas of the boiler.
At present, the common measure for reducing the exhaust gas temperature at the tail part of a boiler is to increase the area of an air preheater, the measure can reduce the exhaust gas temperature and simultaneously improve the temperature of air entering a hearth, but due to the fuel characteristic of blast furnace gas, the air quantity required by combustion is small, for a high-parameter unit, the exhaust gas temperature behind an economizer is 300 ℃, and the flue gas temperature is still 200 ℃ after being cooled by the air preheater, so the measure for reducing the flue gas temperature by the air preheater has a limited effect. In order to further reduce the flue gas temperature, the currently common measure is to serially connect a flue gas-gas heat exchanger behind an air preheater, and the flue gas temperature can be further reduced to about 140 ℃ after passing through the flue gas-gas heat exchanger, but because the gas temperature is higher in part of steel enterprises, the flue gas temperature is still as high as about 160 ℃ after passing through the flue gas-gas heat exchanger; or adopt the measure of introducing other cold sources to carry out flue gas cooling, if set up the condensate water heat exchanger, but this scheme will make the steam turbine heat consumption increase, influences the whole economic nature of unit.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the air and gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reducing energy-saving device for the gas boiler, which is used for further reducing the smoke temperature at the tail part of the boiler and improving the boiler efficiency only by depending on air and fuel required by combustion of the boiler on the premise of not adopting an additional cold source, thereby improving the overall economy of a unit.
In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme of the invention is a gas boiler air-gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device, which comprises a boiler flue gas system, an air system, a gas system, an air preheater and a flue gas-gas heat exchanger; the air preheater is connected with the flue gas-gas heat exchanger in parallel, a flue gas inlet of the air preheater and a flue gas inlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger are both communicated with the boiler flue gas system, and a flue gas outlet of the air preheater and a flue gas outlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger are both communicated with an induced draft fan; an air inlet of the air preheater is communicated with the air system, and an air outlet of the air preheater is communicated with a boiler burner; the gas inlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger is communicated with the gas system, and the gas outlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger is communicated with the boiler burner.
Further, a flue gas inlet of the air preheater is communicated with the boiler flue gas system through a first flue gas inlet pipe, and a flue gas inlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger is communicated with the boiler flue gas system through a second flue gas inlet pipe; and the first flue gas inlet pipe and the second flue gas inlet pipe are both provided with flue gas adjusting air doors.
Further, a flue gas outlet of the air preheater is communicated with the induced draft fan through a first flue gas outlet pipe, and a flue gas outlet of the flue gas-coal gas heat exchanger is communicated with the induced draft fan through a second flue gas outlet pipe; and the first smoke outlet pipe and the second smoke outlet pipe are both provided with smoke temperature sensors.
Further, the flue gas damper is interlocked with the flue gas temperature sensor.
Furthermore, the flue gas-gas heat exchanger adopts a heat pipe type, the heat pipes are vertically arranged, the upper side is a gas flow path, the lower side is a flue gas flow path, and the middle part is separated by a partition plate; the heat pipe of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger adopts a finned pipe.
Furthermore, the heat pipes on the gas inlet side and the gas outlet side of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger are made of ND steel.
In one embodiment, the air preheater is of a tubular type and is arranged horizontally, and the flue gas flows out of the tube and the air flows in the tube.
Furthermore, the heat exchange tube of the air preheater is externally coated with enamel, and the heat exchange tube at the air inlet side of the air preheater is made of ND steel.
As another embodiment, the air preheater is in a heat pipe type, the upper side is an air flow, the lower layer is a flue gas flow, the middle part is separated by a partition plate, and a heat exchange pipe of the air preheater adopts a finned pipe; or the air heat exchange unit adopts a plate type heat exchange type.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the exhaust gas temperature at the tail part of the boiler is reduced by adopting a mode that the air preheater and the flue gas-gas heat exchanger are connected in parallel, and on the premise of not adopting an additional cold source, the flue gas temperature is reduced only by depending on air and fuel required by combustion of the boiler, so that the flue gas temperature is further reduced, the boiler efficiency is improved, and the overall economy of a unit is increased;
(2) according to the invention, the inlets of the air preheater and the flue gas-gas heat exchanger are provided with the flue gas regulating air door, the outlets of the air preheater and the flue gas-gas heat exchanger are provided with the temperature sensors, and the flue gas temperature can be monitored through the temperature sensors, so that the opening degree of the flue gas regulating air door is regulated, the air preheater and the flue gas-gas heat exchanger can be ensured to efficiently exchange heat, and the flue gas temperature is reduced;
(3) the air preheater and the flue gas and gas heat exchanger can select different heat exchange surface types according to specific conditions, so that the service life of equipment is prolonged while the waste heat of flue gas is recovered.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air-gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device of a gas boiler provided by an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: 1. a boiler flue gas system; 2. an air system; 3. a gas system; 4. an air preheater; 5. a flue gas-gas heat exchanger; 6. a flue gas damper; 7. flue gas temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides an air-gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device for a gas boiler, which comprises a boiler flue gas system 1, an air system 2, a gas system 3, an air preheater 4 and a flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5; the air preheater 4 is connected with the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 in parallel, a flue gas inlet of the air preheater 4 and a flue gas inlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 are both communicated with the boiler flue gas system 1, and a flue gas outlet of the air preheater 4 and a flue gas outlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 are both communicated with an induced draft fan; an air inlet of the air preheater 4 is communicated with the air system 2, and an air outlet of the air preheater 4 is communicated with a boiler burner; the gas inlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 is communicated with the gas system 3, and the gas outlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 is communicated with the boiler burner. According to the embodiment, the exhaust gas temperature at the tail part of the boiler is reduced by adopting the mode that the air preheater 4 and the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 are connected in parallel, and the flue gas temperature is further reduced only by depending on air and fuel required by combustion of the boiler on the premise of not adopting an additional cold source, so that the efficiency of the boiler is improved, and the economical efficiency of a unit is improved. In the embodiment, the air system 2 adopts the mode that the air feeder supplies air when in normal operation, and the induced draft fan adopted by the boiler flue gas system 1 discharges smoke when in normal operation; the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 4 is mixed with the flue gas at the outlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5, and then the mixture is pressurized by a draught fan and then discharged through a chimney; the air preheater 4 can adopt a tubular heat exchange surface or a heat pipe type heat exchange surface, and the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 adopts a heat pipe type heat exchange surface.
Further, a flue gas inlet of the air preheater 4 is communicated with the boiler flue gas system 1 through a first flue gas inlet pipe, and a flue gas inlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 is communicated with the boiler flue gas system 1 through a second flue gas inlet pipe; and the first flue gas inlet pipe and the second flue gas inlet pipe are both provided with flue gas adjusting air doors 6. In the embodiment, the flue gas adjusting air door 6 is respectively arranged in front of the air preheater 4 and the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5, flue gas passes through a boiler economizer of the boiler flue gas system 1 and then is divided into two paths, and the two paths of flue gas respectively enter the air preheater 4 and the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5, so that the flue gas amount distribution and adjustment can be carried out by introducing the flue gas adjusting air door 6.
Further, a flue gas outlet of the air preheater 4 is communicated with the induced draft fan through a first flue gas outlet pipe, and a flue gas outlet of the flue gas-coal gas heat exchanger 5 is communicated with the induced draft fan through a second flue gas outlet pipe; and the first smoke outlet pipe and the second smoke outlet pipe are both provided with smoke temperature sensors 7. In the embodiment, the flue gas temperature sensors 7 are respectively arranged behind the air preheater 4 and the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5, and are used for monitoring the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 4 and the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 in real time and feeding back the cooling effect in time, so that the flue gas distribution is conveniently carried out through the flue gas adjusting air door 6.
Further, the flue gas damper 6 is interlocked with a flue gas temperature sensor 7. In the embodiment, according to the flue gas temperature detected by the flue gas temperature sensor at the outlet of the air preheater 4 and the outlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5, the opening degree of the flue gas damper 6 at the inlet of the air preheater 4 and/or the opening degree of the flue gas damper 6 at the inlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 are/is adjusted, so that reasonable distribution of flue gas is ensured, the air preheater 4 and the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 can efficiently exchange heat, and the cooling effect of the flue gas reaches a required value.
Furthermore, the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 adopts a heat pipe type heat exchanger, the heat pipes are vertically arranged, the upper side is a gas flow, the lower side is a flue gas flow, the middle part is separated by a partition plate, and the heat pipes of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 adopt finned pipes; the system safety is ensured while the smoke exhaust temperature is ensured to be reduced. Furthermore, the heat pipes on the gas inlet side and the gas outlet side of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 are made of ND steel, so that the corrosion resistance of the heat exchange pipes is further improved, and the service life of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 is prolonged. The flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 in this embodiment may also be of a plate heat exchange type.
As an embodiment, the air preheater 4 can adopt a tubular type air preheater and adopt a horizontal arrangement, wherein the flue gas flows out of the tube and the air flows in the tube, so that the investment cost of the whole system can be reduced while the service life of the air preheater 4 is ensured. Furthermore, the heat exchange tube of the air preheater 4 is coated with enamel, and the heat exchange tube at the side part of the air inlet of the air preheater 4 is made of ND steel, so that the corrosion resistance of the heat exchange tube is further improved, and the service life of the air preheater 4 is prolonged.
As another embodiment, the air preheater 4 may also adopt a heat pipe type, and the upper side is an air flow, the lower layer is a flue gas flow, and the middle is partitioned by a partition plate; the heat exchange tube of the air preheater 4 adopts a finned tube. The air preheater 4 in this embodiment may also be of a plate heat exchange type.
The process of reducing the exhaust gas temperature at the tail part of the boiler by adopting the gas boiler flue gas cooling energy-saving device of the embodiment is as follows:
after being pressurized by a blower, air required by combustion of boiler fuel is sent into a boiler burner through an air preheater 4 and is mixed with coal gas sent into the boiler burner through a flue gas-coal gas heat exchanger 5 for combustion, and the combusted boiler flue gas is sent into the coal gas boiler flue gas cooling energy-saving device of the embodiment for treatment and then is led to a chimney through an induced draft fan for emission;
for the unit with ultrahigh pressure and above parameters, the temperature of the boiler flue gas is 300 ℃ after the boiler flue gas is subjected to heat exchange by a boiler economizer of a boiler flue gas system 1, the flue gas is divided into two paths, the two paths of flue gas are respectively sent into an air preheater 4 and a flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 for cooling and heat exchange, and the amount of the flue gas sent into the air preheater 4 and the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 is distributed through a first flue gas adjusting air door 6;
meanwhile, the flue gas temperature sensors 7 are adopted to respectively monitor the flue gas temperatures at the outlets of the air preheater 4 and the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5 so as to verify the flue gas cooling effect of the air preheater 4 and the flue gas-gas heat exchanger 5, and signals are processed and then respectively fed back to the flue gas adjusting damper 6 to adjust the flue gas quantity, so that reasonable distribution of the flue gas is ensured, and the flue gas cooling effect reaches a required value.
Through the accounting, for the boiler burning blast furnace gas, after the exhaust gas temperature is cooled by the gas boiler flue gas cooling energy-saving device provided by the embodiment, the temperature can be reduced to 100 ℃, the flue gas waste heat can be effectively recovered, and compared with the conventional scheme, the overall efficiency of the boiler can be improved by 2-3%.
The gas boiler air-gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device is not limited to tail flue gas treatment of a gas boiler, and is also suitable for tail flue gas treatment of boilers burning other fuels; the gas boiler air-gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device of the embodiment is not limited to the use of an air preheater and a smoke-gas heat exchanger for smoke temperature reduction, and is also suitable for systems with other cold sources for smoke temperature reduction treatment.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (9)

1. A gas boiler air coal gas parallel connection integration smoke temperature reducing energy-saving device is characterized in that: comprises a boiler flue gas system, an air system, a coal gas system, an air preheater and a flue gas-coal gas heat exchanger; the air preheater is connected with the flue gas-gas heat exchanger in parallel, a flue gas inlet of the air preheater and a flue gas inlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger are both communicated with the boiler flue gas system, and a flue gas outlet of the air preheater and a flue gas outlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger are both communicated with an induced draft fan; an air inlet of the air preheater is communicated with the air system, and an air outlet of the air preheater is communicated with a boiler burner; the gas inlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger is communicated with the gas system, and the gas outlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger is communicated with the boiler burner.
2. The gas boiler air-gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the flue gas inlet of the air preheater is communicated with the boiler flue gas system through a first flue gas inlet pipe, and the flue gas inlet of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger is communicated with the boiler flue gas system through a second flue gas inlet pipe; and the first flue gas inlet pipe and the second flue gas inlet pipe are both provided with flue gas adjusting air doors.
3. The gas boiler air-gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the smoke outlet of the air preheater is communicated with the induced draft fan through a first smoke outlet pipe, and the smoke outlet of the smoke-gas heat exchanger is communicated with the induced draft fan through a second smoke outlet pipe; and the first smoke outlet pipe and the second smoke outlet pipe are both provided with smoke temperature sensors.
4. The gas boiler air-gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the flue gas damper is interlocked with the flue gas temperature sensor.
5. The gas boiler air-gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the flue gas-gas heat exchanger adopts a heat pipe type, the heat pipes are vertically arranged, the upper side is a gas flow, the lower side is a flue gas flow, and the middle part is separated by a partition plate; the heat pipe of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger adopts a finned pipe.
6. The gas boiler air-gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the heat pipes on the gas inlet side and the gas outlet side of the flue gas-gas heat exchanger are made of ND steel.
7. The gas boiler air-gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the air preheater adopts a tubular type and adopts a horizontal arrangement, and the flue gas flows outside the pipe and the air flows inside the pipe.
8. The gas boiler air-gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the heat exchange tube of the air preheater is externally coated with enamel, and the heat exchange tube at the air inlet side of the air preheater is made of ND steel.
9. The gas boiler air-gas parallel integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the air preheater is in a heat pipe type, the upper side is an air flow, the lower layer is a flue gas flow, the middle part is separated by a partition plate, and a heat exchange pipe of the air preheater is a finned pipe; or the air heat exchange unit adopts a plate type heat exchange type.
CN202011163281.4A 2020-10-27 2020-10-27 Gas boiler air gas parallel connection integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device Pending CN112555881A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011163281.4A CN112555881A (en) 2020-10-27 2020-10-27 Gas boiler air gas parallel connection integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device
PCT/CN2021/099377 WO2022088687A1 (en) 2020-10-27 2021-06-10 Air and coal gas parallel connection integrated flue gas temperature reducing and energy saving device for coal gas boiler

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CN202011163281.4A CN112555881A (en) 2020-10-27 2020-10-27 Gas boiler air gas parallel connection integrated smoke temperature reduction energy-saving device

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