CN112552983B - Ashless vehicle gear oil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ashless vehicle gear oil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112552983B CN112552983B CN201910920136.7A CN201910920136A CN112552983B CN 112552983 B CN112552983 B CN 112552983B CN 201910920136 A CN201910920136 A CN 201910920136A CN 112552983 B CN112552983 B CN 112552983B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/086—Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
- C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
- C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
- C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle lubricating oil, in particular to ashless vehicle gear oil and a preparation method thereof, wherein an extreme pressure antiwear agent is added into the gear oil, and the extreme pressure antiwear agent is a mixture of a sulfur type extreme pressure agent and a phosphorus type extreme pressure agent; the sulfur type extreme pressure anti-wear agent is high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene, and the phosphorus type extreme pressure anti-wear agent is thiophosphate ammonium salt. According to the invention, by optimizing the selection of the extreme pressure antiwear additive, the addition of Zn element to the gear oil can be omitted, and the traditional S-P-Zn additive system is replaced, so that the ashless vehicle gear oil is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle lubricating oil, in particular to ashless vehicle gear oil.
Background
GL-5 heavy-load vehicle gear oil is generally used for lubricating driving shafts (front and rear axles) of various automobiles and driving axles of engineering machinery, in particular for lubricating hyperbolic gear vehicles, for the driving axle assembly, oil products are required to have excellent wear resistance and bearing capacity, a lubricating oil film is formed on the surface of a friction pair to maintain the lubricating performance, and in order to adapt to upgrading and updating of the automobile industry, the requirements of heavy-load vehicle gear oil are continuously upgraded. Therefore, the improvement of the thermal oxidation stability of the vehicle gear oil and the clean dispersibility of the oil sludge become the main development direction at present, which is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the oil product and reducing the maintenance of equipment.
In a traditional vehicle gear oil additive system, S-P-Zn is mainly used, because ZDDP sulfo-butyl-octyl zinc salt is a multi-effect lubricating oil additive which has extreme pressure properties of an antioxidant and an antiwear agent, but the use of the ZDDP additive cannot meet the requirement of the antioxidant property of the gear oil at the present stage along with the requirement of environmental protection regulations, and the sulfo-butyl-octyl zinc salt is an inorganic metal salt additive which is easy to cause the formation of optimized oil sludge and solid sediments under the severe conditions of higher temperature or operation working conditions.
Therefore, the development of ashless type gear oil additives for vehicles will become the main development direction of gear oil for vehicles in the future. Other additives are selected to replace ZDDP and other inorganic salt additives, and the excellent extreme pressure antiwear and oxidation properties of the additive are ensured, so that the technical requirements of GB13895 are met. Currently, the most representative gear lubricating oil complex additives on the international market are Anglamol6085, anglamol1045, LZ1038, etc. from Lubrizol corporation. In order to adapt to the use requirements of the Chinese vehicle gear oil, the development of the ashless vehicle gear oil product by selecting the high-quality additive has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to ashless vehicle gear oil, wherein an extreme pressure anti-wear agent is added into the gear oil, and the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is a mixture of a sulfur type extreme pressure agent and a phosphorus type extreme pressure agent; the sulfur type extreme pressure anti-wear agent is high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene, and the phosphorus type extreme pressure anti-wear agent is thiophosphate ammonium salt.
The existing additive system S-P-Zn of the vehicle gear oil contains metal element Zn, so that impurities such as metal oxides and the like are easily generated in the using process, and oil sludge and solid sediment are formed. In order to solve the problems, the invention optimizes the sulfur-phosphorus system, and by selecting the sulfur-phosphorus mixture with the characteristics, the high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene has the effect of improving the extreme pressure bearing performance, and the thiophosphate ammonium salt has the effect of improving the wear resistance, so that the extreme pressure wear resistance effect can be achieved without adding Zn.
Preferably, the dosage ratio of the high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene to the ammonium thiophosphate is 1:0.5 to 1.
Further preferably, the dosage ratio of the high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene to the thiophosphate ammonium salt is 1:0.75.
the high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene of the present invention refers to a sulfurized isobutylene prepared under high pressure conditions, preferably high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene available from Zibozihua additives Co.
Preferably, the ammonium thiophosphate salt is available from borun additives, inc, lang, under model number T316.
Preferably, the gear oil is further added with a phenol type or amine type antioxidant.
Further preferred is 2, 6-di-T-butyl-p-cresol, a phenolic ester type antioxidant T508 or N-phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine. The extreme pressure antiwear agent can play an extreme pressure antiwear role of an S-P-Zn additive system, but has relatively insufficient oxygen resistance, and the antioxidant is added to further enhance the overall oxygen resistance of an oil product.
Preferably, the gear oil is also added with a pour point depressant, a friction modifier, a dispersant, a rust inhibitor, a metal deactivator and an anti-foaming agent. The additive of the S-P-Zn system is a composite additive, after the system is replaced, some functions of the additive disappear correspondingly, and the additive can be further added on the basis of the extreme pressure antiwear agent and the antioxidant selected by the invention to enhance the overall performance of an oil product.
Preferably, the pour point depressant is polymethacrylate;
further preferably, the pour point depressant is Viscoplex 1-248 or KT8602; the Viscoplex 1-248 was purchased from Romanks.
Preferably, the friction modifier is one or a mixture of more of ethylene glycol oleate, fatty acid, fatty alcohol, butyl oleate and dimerized linoleic acid;
further preferably, the friction modifier is a T406 oiler;
preferably, the dispersant is a mono-succinimide dispersant, a bis-succinimide dispersant, a polysuccinimide dispersant or a high molecular weight succinimide dispersant;
further preferably a mono-succinimide dispersant;
preferably, the antirust agent is one or a mixture of more of benzotriazole, dodecenylsuccinic acid, alkenyl succinate and zinc naphthenate;
further preferably, the rust inhibitor is alkenyl succinate;
preferably, the metal deactivator is one or more of benzotriazole derivatives and thiadiazole derivatives
Further preferred said metal deactivator is a thiadiazole derivative;
preferably, the antifoaming agent is one or a mixture of more of methyl silicone oil, dimethyl siloxane and silicone;
further preferably, the anti-foaming agent is 155 anti-foaming agent available from Gentiansin, inc.
Preferably, the gear oil is also added with base oil, and the base oil is mineral base oil with a higher viscosity index.
Further preferred are hydrorefined mineral oils having a viscosity index of 120 > VI > 80.
More preferably one or more mixtures of group I and group ii hydrogenated mineral base oils. Such as chinese petrochemical HVI II10 base oil.
Preferably, the ashless vehicle gear oil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
on the basis of selecting the extreme pressure antiwear agent and the antioxidant, the dosage of various additives is in the range, and the oil product can be ensured to have good comprehensive performance.
Preferably, the pour point depressant is one or two of Viscoplex 1-248 or KT8602; the extreme pressure antiwear agent is a mixture of high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene and thiophosphate ammonium salt according to a ratio of 4; the antioxidant is phenolic ester antioxidant T508; the friction modifier is a T406 oiliness agent; the dispersant is a mono-succinimide dispersant; the antirust agent is alkenyl succinate; the metal deactivator is a thiadiazole derivative; the antifoaming agent is 155 antifoaming agent; the mineral base oil with higher viscosity index is one or two mixtures of I-type and II-type hydrogenated mineral base oil.
As a preferable scheme, the vehicle gear oil is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the invention also provides a preparation method of the vehicle gear oil, which comprises the following steps:
1) Adding base oil and pour point depressant in proportion, heating to 50-60 ℃, heating and stirring, maintaining for 2-3 hours, and then cooling to 40-50 ℃;
2) And sequentially adding the extreme pressure antiwear agent, the antirust agent, the friction modifier, the antioxidant, the metal deactivator, the dispersant and the anti-foaming agent, and stirring for 2-3 hours until the mixture is completely dissolved and is in a transparent state.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) According to the invention, by optimizing the selection of the extreme pressure antiwear additive, the addition of Zn element to the gear oil can be omitted, and the traditional S-P-Zn additive system is replaced, so that the ashless vehicle gear oil is obtained.
2) Furthermore, through a large number of experimental researches, proper base oil and additives compatible with the base oil are selected, and the types and the proportions of the additives are explored, so that the ashless vehicle gear oil composition with excellent high and low temperature performance, thermal oxidation stability, extreme pressure anti-wear performance, anti-corrosion performance and anti-rust performance is obtained, and the ashless vehicle gear oil composition can be used for lubrication protection of the existing vehicle and engineering machinery drive axle gear transmission systems.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, features and effects of the ashless type vehicle gear oil according to the present invention will be made with reference to the preferred embodiments, but not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The high-pressure sulfurized isobutylene in the embodiment is purchased from Zibo Huihua additive Co., ltd, the thiophosphoric acid complex ester amine salt is T316 of Lanzhou Boluo additive Co., ltd, the base oil in the embodiment is purchased from China petrochemical lubricating oil Co., ltd, the phenolic ester antioxidant T508 is purchased from Liaoning Tianhe Fine chemical industry Co., ltd, the antifoaming agent 155 is purchased from Meng Qingxin Co., and the T406 oiliness agent is purchased from Jinzhou Kangtai.
Example 1
Specific components of the ashless type vehicle gear oil are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 ashless vehicle Gear oil composition Components
The gear oil is prepared by the following method:
1) Adding base oil and pour point depressant in proportion, heating to 50-60 ℃, heating and stirring, maintaining for 2-3 hours, and then cooling to 40-50 ℃;
2) And sequentially adding the extreme pressure antiwear agent, the antirust agent, the friction modifier, the antioxidant, the metal deactivator, the dispersant and the anti-foaming agent in sequence, and stirring for 2-3 hours until the mixture is completely dissolved and is in a transparent state, thus obtaining the lubricant.
Examples of the experiments
For the technical indexes of quality of the vehicle gear oil, mainly according to national standard GB13895 heavy-load vehicle gear oil (GL-5), the test in example 1 is compared with the GB13895 standard, and the following table shows that:
TABLE 2 physicochemical analysis data of ashless type vehicle gear oil composition
TABLE 3 physical and chemical analysis data (continuation) of ashless type vehicle gear oil composition
TABLE 4 physical and chemical analysis data (continuation) of ashless type vehicle gear oil composition
The test results show that all indexes of the ashless vehicle gear oil composition in the embodiment can reach GB13895 standard, and the ashless vehicle gear oil composition passes four required bench tests of L-37, L-42, L-33 and L-60. The lubricating grease has excellent high and low temperature performance, thermal oxidation stability, extreme pressure wear resistance, corrosion resistance, rust resistance, anti-foaming performance and friction performance, and can be used for lubrication protection of the existing vehicle and engineering machinery drive axle gear transmission system.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove by way of general description, specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all such modifications and alterations be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. The ashless type vehicle gear oil is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
2. the method for preparing the vehicle gear oil according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) Adding the base oil and the pour point depressant according to a certain proportion, heating to 50-60 ℃, heating and stirring, maintaining for 2-3 hours, and then cooling to 40-50 ℃;
2) And sequentially adding the extreme pressure antiwear agent, the antirust agent, the friction modifier, the antioxidant, the metal deactivator, the dispersant and the anti-foaming agent in sequence, and stirring for 2-3 hours until the mixture is completely dissolved and is in a transparent state, thus obtaining the lubricant.
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| CN116286146A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-06-23 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Vehicle gear oil composite additive, preparation method and application thereof |
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| US7531486B2 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2009-05-12 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Additive system for lubricant |
| US7648948B2 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2010-01-19 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Additive system for lubricants |
| CN102417848A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-04-18 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Energy-saving vehicle gear lubricating oil composition |
| CN103740444B (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2016-08-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Gear oil composition and application thereof |
| CN103205301B (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-07-09 | 上海禾泰特种润滑技术有限公司 | Gear oil composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN103408531A (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2013-11-27 | 沈阳广达化工有限公司 | Method for synthesizing sulfurized isobutylene |
| CN104726184A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-24 | 新疆福克油品股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly bio-based gear oil composition |
| CN109207238A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of type wet drive axle lubricant oil composite and preparation method thereof |
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