CN112552612A - Novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil - Google Patents
Novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112552612A CN112552612A CN202011578869.6A CN202011578869A CN112552612A CN 112552612 A CN112552612 A CN 112552612A CN 202011578869 A CN202011578869 A CN 202011578869A CN 112552612 A CN112552612 A CN 112552612A
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- parts
- oil
- refrigerant
- rubber material
- material resistant
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 dicumyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- ZRMMVODKVLXCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n-cyclohexyl-4-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC(C=C1)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ZRMMVODKVLXCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OUBMGJOQLXMSNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(C)C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 OUBMGJOQLXMSNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyronitrile Chemical compound CCCC#N KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000181 Ethylene propylene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2206—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of calcium, strontium or barium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil, which comprises, by weight, 28-40 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 10-18 parts of polar oil-resistant rubber, 2-5 parts of an active agent, 1-1.5 parts of an anti-aging agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of a homogenizing agent, 15-25 parts of carbon black, 13-27 parts of an inert filler, 5-9 parts of a plasticizer, 2-3 parts of oil easy to extract and 1-3 parts of a bridging agent. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the rubber product prepared from the rubber material has the advantages of high elasticity, high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, freezing oil resistance, refrigerant resistance, and a mixture of the freezing oil resistance and the refrigerant, can not generate large expansion after long-term use, and is suitable for manufacturing a sealing product of a refrigeration system for an air conditioner.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rubber materials, in particular to a novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil.
Background
Rubber is a high-elasticity polymer material with reversible deformation, is rich in elasticity at room temperature, can generate large deformation under the action of small external force, and can recover the original shape after the external force is removed. For example, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber is a copolymer of ethylene, propylene and a small amount of a non-conjugated diene, is a kind of ethylene-propylene rubber, and is represented by EPDM, and has a main chain composed of chemically stable saturated hydrocarbons and containing only unsaturated double bonds in side chains, and therefore, has excellent aging resistance such as odor resistance, heat resistance, weather resistance, and the like. The traditional rubber keeps weather resistance, but little attention is paid to oil resistance, in the manufacturing process of some refrigeration equipment, rubber products on the traditional rubber are used for sealing and edge covering, the products inevitably contact with refrigeration oil, refrigerant or a mixture of the refrigeration oil and the refrigerant, the refrigeration oil, the refrigerant or the mixture of the refrigeration oil and the refrigerant have relatively higher requirements on the low temperature resistance and the oil resistance of the contact products, otherwise, under the condition of ensuring low temperature resistance, the oil resistance is poor, oil corrosion and penetration can occur in the long-term use process, the oil leakage condition can occur, some oil resistance is relatively good, the low temperature resistance is insufficient, and the cracking condition and the like occur on the products.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a novel rubber material resistant to refrigerants and refrigeration oils to solve the problems of the background art described above.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
28-40 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer
10-18 parts of polar oil-resistant glue
2-5 parts of active agent
1-1.5 parts of anti-aging agent
0.5 to 1.5 portions of homogenizing agent
15-25 parts of carbon black
13-27 parts of inert filler
5-9 parts of plasticizer
2-3 parts of easy-to-extract oil
1-3 parts of bridging agent
Further preferably, the polar oil-resistant glue is one or more of nitrile-butadiene glue, chloroprene glue and acrylate glue.
Further preferably, the active agent is one or more of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium bicarbonate in the metal oxide.
More preferably, the anti-aging agent is one or more of anti-aging agent CPPD, anti-aging agent IPPD and anti-aging agent D.
Further preferably, the homogenizing agent is one or more of 40MSF, 60NSF and M40.
Further preferably, the inert filler is one or more of calcium carbonate, zinc oxide and glass beads.
Further preferably, the plasticizer is one or more of dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate and epoxidized fatty acid monoester.
Further preferably, the easily extracted oil is one or more of furfural extract oil, naphthenic oil 4006 and naphthenic oil 4010.
Further preferably, the bridging agent is one or more of dicumyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide and dicumyl hydroperoxide.
Advantageous effects
The novel rubber material resistant to the refrigerant and the refrigeration oil provided by the invention is low in material cost, has high elasticity, high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, refrigeration oil resistance, refrigerant resistance, a mixture of the refrigeration oil resistance and the refrigerant, can be used for a long time without generating large expansion, and is suitable for manufacturing a sealing product of a refrigeration system for an air conditioner.
Detailed Description
The following are specific examples of the present invention and further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
A novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
ethylene propylene diene monomer 28 parts
10 portions of nitrile-butadiene rubber
2 portions of calcium oxide
1 part of antiager CPPD
0.5 portion of 40MSF
15 portions of carbon black
13 portions of calcium carbonate
5 parts of dibutyl phthalate
2 portions of furfural extract oil
1 part of dicumyl peroxide.
Example 2
A novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
ethylene propylene diene monomer 35 parts
14 parts of neoprene
3.5 parts of calcium hydroxide
1.2 parts of anti-aging agent IPPD
60NSF 1 parts
20 portions of carbon black
20 portions of zinc oxide
7 parts of dioctyl phthalate
Naphthenic oil 40062.5 parts
2 parts of di-tert-butyl peroxide.
Example 3
A novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
40 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer
18 parts of acrylate adhesive
5 portions of calcium bicarbonate
1.5 portions of antiager D
M401.5 parts
25 portions of carbon black
Glass bead 27 parts
Epoxidized fatty acid monoester 9 parts
Naphthenic oil 40103 parts
3 parts of dicumyl hydroperoxide.
Test example
The rubber environment-friendly materials of the embodiments 1, 2 and 3 of the invention are respectively selected, and the tensile strength, the elongation at break, the rebound resilience, the compression set, the refrigeration oil resistance and the volume change rate of the refrigeration oil resistance of the material products are tested under the condition of room temperature, and the results are shown in the following table:
the rubber material has good mechanical property, high elasticity, high and low temperature resistance, frozen oil resistance and refrigerant resistance, and a product made of the rubber material can not generate large expansion in long-term use, so that the rubber material is suitable for manufacturing a sealing product of a refrigeration system for an air conditioner.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the content of the present invention within the scope of the protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A novel rubber material resistant to refrigerants and refrigeration oil is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
28-40 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer
10-18 parts of polar oil-resistant glue
2-5 parts of active agent
1-1.5 parts of anti-aging agent
0.5 to 1.5 portions of homogenizing agent
15-25 parts of carbon black
13-27 parts of inert filler
5-9 parts of plasticizer
2-3 parts of easy-to-extract oil
1-3 parts of bridging agent.
2. The novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the polar oil-resistant glue is one or more of butyronitrile glue, chloroprene glue and acrylate glue.
3. The novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the active agent is one or more of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium bicarbonate in metal oxide.
4. The novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the anti-aging agent is one or more of anti-aging agent CPPD, anti-aging agent IPPD and anti-aging agent D.
5. The novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the homogenizing agent is one or more of 40MSF, 60NSF and M40.
6. The novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inert filler is one or more of calcium carbonate, zinc oxide and glass beads.
7. The novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plasticizer is one or more of dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate and epoxidized fatty acid monoester.
8. The novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the easily extracted oil is one or more of furfural extracted oil, naphthenic oil 4006 and naphthenic oil 4010.
9. The novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bridging agent is one or more of dicumyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide and dicumyl hydroperoxide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011578869.6A CN112552612A (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011578869.6A CN112552612A (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112552612A true CN112552612A (en) | 2021-03-26 |
Family
ID=75033810
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011578869.6A Pending CN112552612A (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Novel rubber material resistant to refrigerant and refrigeration oil |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112552612A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102212233A (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2011-10-12 | 西安汉华橡胶科技有限公司 | R134a refrigerant-resistant rubber material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106496692A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-15 | 南京利德东方橡塑科技有限公司 | A kind of low temperature resistant, grease resistance, resistant to elevated temperatures rubber composition, preparation method, purposes and its application product |
| CN108047512A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-18 | 南京利德东方橡塑科技有限公司 | A kind of rubber composition and preparation method thereof and purposes |
| CN108219300A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-06-29 | 合肥铭佑高温技术有限公司 | A kind of temperature variation resistant rubber for Air-conditioning Cycle pipe insulation |
| CN110724318A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-24 | 宁国诚石橡塑制品有限公司 | Oil-resistant rubber pipe and manufacturing process thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-12-28 CN CN202011578869.6A patent/CN112552612A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102212233A (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2011-10-12 | 西安汉华橡胶科技有限公司 | R134a refrigerant-resistant rubber material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106496692A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-15 | 南京利德东方橡塑科技有限公司 | A kind of low temperature resistant, grease resistance, resistant to elevated temperatures rubber composition, preparation method, purposes and its application product |
| CN108047512A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-18 | 南京利德东方橡塑科技有限公司 | A kind of rubber composition and preparation method thereof and purposes |
| CN108219300A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-06-29 | 合肥铭佑高温技术有限公司 | A kind of temperature variation resistant rubber for Air-conditioning Cycle pipe insulation |
| CN110724318A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-24 | 宁国诚石橡塑制品有限公司 | Oil-resistant rubber pipe and manufacturing process thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| 中国化工学会橡胶专业委员会: "《橡胶助剂手册》", 30 April 2000, 化学工业出版社 * |
| 刘炳义: "《中国石油化工商品手册》", 31 March 2000, 中国石化出版社 * |
| 夏征农 等: "《大辞海 化工轻工纺织卷》", 31 August 2009, 上海辞书出版社 * |
| 橡胶工业原材料与装备简明手册 编审委员会: "《橡胶工业原材料与装备简明手册 原材料与工艺耗材分册》", 31 January 2019, 北京理工大学出版社 * |
| 黄捷: "耐制冷剂R134a溴化丁基橡胶材料的制备研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库（电子期刊）》 * |
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Application publication date: 20210326 |
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