CN112551943A - Organic silicon slow-release type powder water repellent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic silicon slow-release type powder water repellent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112551943A CN112551943A CN202011482783.3A CN202011482783A CN112551943A CN 112551943 A CN112551943 A CN 112551943A CN 202011482783 A CN202011482783 A CN 202011482783A CN 112551943 A CN112551943 A CN 112551943A
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- water repellent
- slow
- cement
- powder water
- zeolite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/65—Water proofers or repellants
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean building engineering, and discloses an organic silicon slow-release type powder water repellent and a preparation method thereof. The organic silicon slow-release powder water repellent mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45-55% of zeolite, 40-50% of organosilane, 3-6% of alcohol sealant and 0.5-3% of surfactant. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the water repellent. The organic silicon release rate of the organic silicon slow-release type powder water repellent is controllable, the retention rate of the organic silicon in 60 minutes is 45-60%, the hydrophobic modification effect on portland cement or composite portland cement is good, and the corrosion resistance of the cement is good, such as: the contact angle of the modified cement paste is 100-125 degrees, and the diffusion coefficient of chloride ions in 28-day age is 0.1-0.3 multiplied by 10‑12m2/s。
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of powder materials, and particularly relates to an organic silicon slow-release type powder water repellent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the construction of the landmark ocean engineering with ultra-long design life, the durability of the cement concrete in the severe environment is concerned. Corrosive ions such as chloride ions, sulfate ions, magnesium ions and the like in seawater can cause the reinforcing steel bar to be corroded, so that the grip strength of the reinforcing steel bar is reduced, the structure is cracked and fails, and the corrosion resistance of the cement-based material is improved.
The migration of the corrosive ions in seawater into the cement concrete is usually carried out in a liquid phase, so that the improvement of the hydrophobicity of the cement concrete is the key to the improvement of the corrosion resistance and the durability. At present, hydrophobic modification of cement concrete is mainly realized by methods of surface coating, polymer emulsion or organic silicon powder doping and the like. The surface coating has limited protection depth (usually less than 500 μm), the surface of the cement paste can completely lose the protection effect after deterioration and cracking under the action of external erosion, and the polymer emulsion can form a polymer film to wrap the cementing material particles, so that the integrity of the cement paste is damaged, and the continuous hydration and the compressive strength development of the cementing material are not facilitated. By utilizing the hydrolysis of organic silicon in an alkaline environment, the combination of silanol groups and hydroxyl groups on the wall of the cement paste and the directional arrangement of hydrophobic functional groups, the hydrophobicity of the cement paste is improved, and the mechanical property of the material is not remarkably reduced, so that the method is a more generally applicable hydrophobic modification mode. However, the existing organic silicon powder water repellent mainly adopts an organic matter cage structure to wrap organic silicon, the powder density is low, and poor dispersion of the organic silicon powder is easy to occur when cement concrete is modified. In addition, the organic silicon is hydrolyzed too fast, the self-polycondensation phenomenon is serious, the uniform distribution of hydrophobic functional groups on the wall of the hole of the cement paste cannot be ensured, and the hydrophobic modification effect is weaker than expected. The design of a hydrophobic functional material with controllable organic silicon release process is a fundamental solution for effectively improving the hydrophobicity of cement concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the problems of uneven dispersion of an organosilicon powder water repellent and over-quick release of organosilicon components. According to the invention, organic silicon is loaded by using the modified inorganic mineral, the loading characteristic of the inorganic mineral to the organic silicon is regulated and controlled by carrying out composite modification on the inorganic mineral, and the distribution uniformity of hydrophobic groups is improved by using the compatibility of the inorganic mineral and a cement concrete system. Specifically, the invention provides a method for preparing an organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent by taking chemically-thermally treated composite modified zeolite as a carrier, carrying out organosilane loading in a vacuum environment, coating and sealing the zeolite by using alcohols and drying.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the zeolite has a particle size of 0.5-15 μm and an apparent density of 1.9-2.3 g/cm3。
The organosilane is one or more of vinyltrimethoxysilane, dodecyltrimethoxysilane, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, octadecyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, butyltriethoxysilane and octyltriethoxysilane.
The alcohol sealant is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol. The molecular weight of the alcohol sealant is 600-1000.
The surfactant is more than one of alkyl glucoside, fatty glyceride, lecithin and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
The alkyl glucoside is more than one of dodecyl glucoside, hexadecyl glucoside and octadecyl glucoside; the fatty acid glyceride is more than one of lauric acid glyceride, caprylic acid glyceride and glyceryl monostearate.
Before use, the zeolite is subjected to acid treatment and calcination treatment at 200-500 ℃.
The acid is nitric acid, and the concentration of the acid is 1-4 mol/L; the acid treatment time is 30-90 min;
the time of the calcination treatment is 30-90 min.
The preparation method of the organic silicon slow-release powder water repellent comprises the following steps: treating zeolite with acid, and calcining at 200-500 ℃ to obtain composite modified zeolite; placing the composite modified zeolite in a vacuum environment, adding organosilane, a surfactant and water, and uniformly stirring; keeping the vacuum environment, adding an alcohol sealant, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain the organic silicon slow-release powder water repellent.
The acid treatment is to uniformly mix nitric acid with the concentration of 1-4 mol/L and zeolite at the temperature of 25-45 ℃, shake for 30-90 minutes, filter, wash with water until the zeolite washing liquid is neutral, and dry to constant weight;
the calcining treatment is to preserve the temperature of the acid-treated zeolite at 200-500 ℃ for 30-90 min and then naturally cool the zeolite to room temperature; the calcining treatment is carried out by raising the temperature from room temperature to 200-500 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 10-20 ℃/min;
placing the composite modified zeolite in a vacuum environment, adding organosilane, a surfactant and water, and uniformly stirring, specifically, placing the composite modified zeolite in an environment with the pressure of 0.1-0.3 kPa, maintaining for 10-30 min, adding the organosilane, the surfactant and the water, and stirring for 10-40 min;
the vacuum environment is kept, the alcohol sealant is added and stirred uniformly, namely, the alcohol sealant is added and stirred for 10-40 min in the environment with the pressure of 0.1-0.3 kPa.
The slow release effect of the organosilicon slow release type powder water repellent is as follows: after the organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent is soaked in a liquid phase environment with the pH value of 12-13 for 60 minutes, the retention rate of organosilicon is 45-60%.
The modification effect of the organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent of the invention is as follows: when the mixing amount of the water repellent is 5-20%, silicic acidThe contact angle of the cement slurry of the salt or the composite silicate is 100 to 125 degrees, and the diffusion coefficient of chloride ions in the 28-day age is 0.1 to 0.3 multiplied by 10-12m2/s。
The organic silicon slow-release type powder water repellent is applied to the field of ocean construction engineering with high requirement on erosion resistance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1) the chemical-thermal treatment composite modification of the zeolite improves the pore content and the pore diameter of the zeolite, can ensure the continuous and uniform release of the organosilane while improving the adsorption performance of the organosilane, and reduces the adverse effect of the organosilane on the early hydration of the gelled material;
2) the preparation method of the organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent is simple, and the porous structure of the composite modified zeolite is used for directly carrying organosilane in vacuum, so that the requirement of the conventional silanol surface coating technology on the accurate control of the pH value (8-9) is avoided;
3) the organosilane release process of the organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent is controllable, and the regulation and control of the zeolite pore structure are realized by controlling chemical-heat treatment conditions (nitric acid concentration, heat treatment temperature and treatment time), so that the control of the organosilane slow-release process is realized;
4) the strong alkaline environment formed by the hydration of the cementing material is utilized to promote the hydrolysis of the alcohol sealant on the surface of the organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent and organosilane to form silanol, so that the silanol is bonded with the hydroxyl on the surface of a hydration product to generate hydrophobicity, and the distribution uniformity of hydrophobic improving components is improved;
5) the organic silicon slow-release powder water repellent adopts chemically-thermally treated composite modified zeolite as a dispersion medium, so that the compactness improvement and performance development of cement paste can be ensured through volcanic ash reaction while the uniform release of organic silane is ensured;
6) the organic silicon slow-release powder water repellent has excellent organic silicon slow-release effect, the retention rate of the organic silicon is 45-60% in 60 minutes, the hydrophobic property modification effect on silicate or composite silicate cement is remarkable, the transition of the pore wall of a cement-based material from hydrophilicity (the wetting angle is less than 50 ℃) to hydrophobicity (the wetting angle is 100-125 ℃) is realized, and the pore wall of the cement-based material is enabled to be changed from hydrophilicity (the wetting angle is less than 50 ℃) toThe diffusion coefficient of chloride ions is as low as 0.1-0.3 x 10 in 28 days-12m2And/s is lower than the current standard limit of the marine Portland cement by one order of magnitude.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The organic silicon slow-release type powder water repellent comprises zeolite, organic silane, an alcohol sealant and a surfactant; the invention adopts chemical-heat treatment composite modified zeolite, and realizes the preparation of the organic silicon slow-release powder water repellent by a vacuum loading and drying mode.
An organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent is divided into four types according to the types of components, the mass fractions of the components with different types are shown in table 1, the mass fractions of the components can fluctuate within a specified range, and the sum of the mass fractions of the components is required to be 100%.
TABLE 1 organosilicon slow-release type powder water repellent with each component type and mass fraction
Example 1
The organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent in the embodiment mainly comprises zeolite, dodecyl trimethoxy silane, polypropylene glycol (molecular weight is 800) and dodecyl glucoside; the technical parameters of the chemical-heat treatment composite modification are as follows: the concentration of nitric acid is 2mol/L, the temperature of nitric acid is 35 ℃, the oscillation time is 60 minutes, the calcination temperature is 250 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 45 minutes; the technical parameters of the vacuum loading of the organosilane are as follows: the pressure of the cavity is 0.1kPa, the pressure maintaining time is 15 minutes, the zeolite, the organosilane, the surfactant and the deionized water are stirred together for 20 minutes, and after the alcohol sealant is added, the stirring is continued for 20 minutes under the pressure maintaining condition of 0.1 kPa; the mass contents of the components and the modifying effect of the organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent prepared in the example on portland cement are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 formulation of slow-release organosilicon powder water repellent and modifying effect on Portland cement
Example 2
The organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent in the embodiment mainly comprises zeolite, butyl triethoxysilane, polyethylene glycol (molecular weight is 1000) and octadecyl glucoside; the technical parameters of the chemical-heat treatment composite modification are as follows: the concentration of nitric acid is 3mol/L, the temperature of nitric acid is 40 ℃, the oscillation time is 60 minutes, the calcination temperature is 300 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 60 minutes; the technical parameters of the vacuum loading of the organosilane are as follows: the pressure of the cavity is 0.1kPa, the pressure maintaining time is 15 minutes, the zeolite, the organosilane, the surfactant and the deionized water are stirred together for 20 minutes, and after the alcohol sealant is added, the stirring is continued for 20 minutes under the pressure maintaining condition of 0.1 kPa; the mass contents of the components and the modifying effect of the organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent prepared in the example on portland cement are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 proportioning of organosilicon slow-release type powder water repellent and modifying effect on Portland cement
Example 3
The organic silicon slow-release type powder water repellent in the embodiment mainly comprises zeolite, octadecyl trimethoxy silane, polyvinyl alcohol (molecular weight is 800) and lauric glyceride; the technical parameters of the chemical-heat treatment composite modification are as follows: the concentration of nitric acid is 4mol/L, the temperature of nitric acid is 40 ℃, the oscillation time is 30 minutes, the calcination temperature is 200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 60 minutes; the technical parameters of the vacuum loading of the organosilane are as follows: the pressure of the cavity is 0.1kPa, the pressure maintaining time is 15 minutes, the zeolite, the organosilane, the surfactant and the deionized water are stirred together for 20 minutes, and after the alcohol sealant is added, the stirring is continued for 20 minutes under the pressure maintaining condition of 0.1 kPa; the mass contents of the components and the modifying effect of the organosilicon sustained-release powder water repellent prepared in this example on portland cement are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 formulation of slow-release organosilicon powder water repellent and modifying effect on Portland cement
Comparative example 1
Conventional organosilicon water repellent is adopted. The contact angle of the modified Portland cement is 108 degrees, and the diffusion coefficient of chlorine ions is 0.32 multiplied by 10-12m2/s。
Comparative example 2
The sealing agent was polytetrahydrofuran diol, and the other conditions were the same as in example 1.
The contact angle of the modified portland cement is 97 degrees, and the diffusion coefficient of chloride ions is 0.87 multiplied by 10-12m2The silicone retention was 17% at 60 min/s.
Comparative example 3
The zeolite was not subjected to the chemical-thermal treatment, and other conditions were the same as in example 1.
The contact angle of the modified portland cement is 92 degrees, and the diffusion coefficient of chloride ions is 1.06 multiplied by 10-12m2The silicone retention was 32% at 60 min/s.
Comparative example 4
The amount of zeolite used in the water repellent was 70% and organosilane was 24%, and the other conditions were the same as in example 1.
The contact angle of the modified portland cement is 96 degrees, and the diffusion coefficient of chloride ions is 0.97 multiplied by 10-12m2The silicone retention was 10% at 60 min/s.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An organosilicon slow-release type powder water repellent is characterized in that: the paint mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the organosilane is one or more of vinyl trimethoxy silane, dodecyl trimethoxy silane, hexadecyl trimethoxy silane, octadecyl trimethoxy silane, vinyl triethoxy silane, butyl triethoxy silane and octyl triethoxy silane;
the alcohol sealant is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol.
2. The organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent according to claim 1, characterized in that: before use, the zeolite is subjected to acid treatment and calcination treatment at 200-500 ℃;
the surfactant is one or more of alkyl glucoside, fatty glyceride, lecithin and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
3. The organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent according to claim 2, characterized in that: the acid is nitric acid, and the concentration of the acid is 1-4 mol/L; the acid treatment time is 30-90 min; the calcining time is 30-90 min;
the alkyl glucoside is more than one of dodecyl glucoside, hexadecyl glucoside and octadecyl glucoside; the fatty acid glyceride is more than one of lauric acid glyceride, caprylic acid glyceride and glyceryl monostearate.
4. The organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the particle size of the zeolite is 0.5-15 mu m; the molecular weight of the alcohol sealant is 600-1000.
5. The preparation method of the organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: treating zeolite with acid, and calcining at 200-500 ℃ to obtain composite modified zeolite; placing the composite modified zeolite in a vacuum environment, adding organosilane, a surfactant and water, and uniformly stirring; keeping the vacuum environment, adding an alcohol sealant, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain the organic silicon slow-release powder water repellent.
6. The preparation method of the organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent according to claim 5, wherein: the acid treatment is to uniformly mix nitric acid with the concentration of 1-4 mol/L and zeolite at the temperature of 25-45 ℃, shake for 30-90 minutes, filter, wash with water until the zeolite washing liquid is neutral, and dry to constant weight;
the calcining treatment is to preserve the temperature of the acid-treated zeolite at 200-500 ℃ for 30-90 min and then naturally cool the zeolite to room temperature; the calcining treatment is carried out by raising the temperature from room temperature to 200-500 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 10-20 ℃/min;
placing the composite modified zeolite in a vacuum environment, adding organosilane, a surfactant and water, and uniformly stirring, specifically, placing the composite modified zeolite in an environment with the pressure of 0.1-0.3 kPa, maintaining for 10-30 min, adding the organosilane, the surfactant and the water, and stirring for 10-40 min;
the vacuum environment is kept, the alcohol sealant is added and stirred uniformly, namely, the alcohol sealant is added and stirred for 10-40 min in the environment with the pressure of 0.1-0.3 kPa.
7. The application of the organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the organic silicon slow-release type powder water repellent is used for preparing cement concrete, improving the water repellency of the cement, improving the anti-erosion capacity of the cement and improving the organic silicon slow-release effect.
8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that: the cement concrete is used for ocean building engineering, improves the hydrophobicity of the cement, and improves the capability of the cement in resisting the erosion of chloride ions.
9. A cement concrete characterized in that: comprises a cement-based material and the organosilicon slow-release powder water repellent defined in any one of claims 1 to 4.
10. The cement of claim 9, wherein: the mixing amount of the organic silicon slow-release type powder water repellent is 5-20% of the mass of the cement-based material;
the cement-based material is Portland cement or composite Portland cement.
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| CN115385603A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-25 | 山东竣鸿环保科技有限公司 | Concrete mineral blended aggregate and preparation process and application thereof |
| CN115504726A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-23 | 安徽理工大学 | Preparation method of slow-release hydrophobic microcapsule and hydrophobic concrete |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN114685093A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-01 | 长沙标朗住工科技有限公司 | Wall-repairing paste and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115385603A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-25 | 山东竣鸿环保科技有限公司 | Concrete mineral blended aggregate and preparation process and application thereof |
| CN115385603B (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2023-05-30 | 山东竣鸿环保科技有限公司 | Concrete mineral blended aggregate and preparation process and application thereof |
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