CN112551778A - Method for efficiently treating water polluted by perfluorinated compounds - Google Patents
Method for efficiently treating water polluted by perfluorinated compounds Download PDFInfo
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- CN112551778A CN112551778A CN202011308954.0A CN202011308954A CN112551778A CN 112551778 A CN112551778 A CN 112551778A CN 202011308954 A CN202011308954 A CN 202011308954A CN 112551778 A CN112551778 A CN 112551778A
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- perfluorinated compounds
- indole
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctanoic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
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- UZUFPBIDKMEQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorononanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UZUFPBIDKMEQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/36—Organic compounds containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/40—Organic compounds containing sulfur
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for efficiently treating a perfluorinated compound polluted water body, belonging to the field of degradation of persistent pollutants. The invention utilizes the indole derivative which is electropositive or electroneutral in water to enhance the combination effect with the anionic PFCs, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the generated hydrated electrons and the PFCs, promoting the degradation and defluorination of the PFCs, not only solving the problems of low degradation efficiency, harsh reaction conditions, addition of other exogenous substances and the like of the existing PFCs degradation method, but also not causing secondary pollution to the environment and having higher application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of degradation of persistent pollutants, and particularly relates to a method for efficiently treating a water body polluted by a perfluorinated compound.
Background
Perfluorocompounds (PFCs) are a class of artificially synthesized organic compoundsCompounds, due to their excellent chemical stability, have been used in various aspects of our lives. The large production use has led to the present world wide perfluorinated compound concentrations of 1ng L in surface and groundwater-1-1mg L-1.(Paul,A.G.；Jones,K.C.；Sweetman,A.J.,A First Global Production,Emission,And Environmental Inventory For Perfluorooctane Sulfonate.Environmental Science&Technology 2009,43,(2),386-392.Houtz,E.F.；Sedlak,D.L.,Oxidative conversion as a means of detecting precursors to perfluoroalkyl acids in urban runoff.Environmental Science&Technology 2012,46,(17),9342-9349.Liu,J.；Avendano,S.M.,Microbial degradation of polyfluoroalkyl chemicals in the environment:A review.Environment International 2013,61,98-114.Ellis,D.A.；Mabury,S.A.；Martin,J.W.；Muir,D.C.G.,Thermolysis of fluoropolymers as a potential source of halogenated organic acids in the environment.Nature 2001,412,(6844),321-324.Gebbink,W.A.；van Asseldonk,L.；van Leeuwen,S.P.J.,Presence of Emerging Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances(PFASs)in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands.Environmental Science&Technology 2017,51, (19),11057-11065.Xiao, F., emulsifying poly-and perfluoroalkyl residues in the aqueous environment A review of current performance. Water research 2017,124, 482-495.). Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) are the two most frequently detected contaminants of all perfluorochemicals. These two pollutants have recently attracted worldwide attention due to their high concentration and potential toxicity in the environment. (Poothong, S.; Thomsen, C.; Padella-Sanchez, J.A.; Papadopoulou, E.; Haug, L.S., Distribution of Novel and Well-Known Poly-and Perfluoroalkyl sustances (PFASs) in Human Serum, Plasma, and white blood&Technology 2017,51,(22),13388-13396.Lorber,M.；Egeghy,P.P.,Simple intake and pharmacokinetic modeling to characterize exposure of Americans to perfluoroctanoic acid,PFOA.Environmental Science&Technology 2011,45,(19),8006-8014.Steenland,K.；Fletcher, t.; savitz, d.a., epidemic evidence on the Health effects of fluoroOceanoic acid (PFOA). Environmental Health Perspectives 2010,118, (8),1100-1108.Hardell, e.; karrman, a.; van Bavel, B.; bao, j.; carlberg, m.; hardell, L., Case-control stuck on perfluorated alkyl acids (PFAAs) and the risk of state cancer International 2014,63, 35-39). For better control of both contaminants, PFOA and PFOS are currently listed as persistent organic contaminant priority control lists. In addition, the concentrations of these two substances in drinking water also become one of the indexes for evaluating the safety of drinking water in many countries and regions. (Wang, T.; Wang, Y.; Liao, C.; Cai, Y.; Jiang., G., Perspectives on the introduction of a Perspectives sulfuric acid into the Stockholm conversion on a Perspectives Organic pollutants Science&Technology 2009,43, (14),5171-5175.Xiao, l.; ling, y.; alsbaiee, a.; li, C.; hellling, d.e.; dichtel, W.R., beta-cyclic extension Polymer Network sequences per fluoroorganic Acid at environmental Rereplacement concentrations. journal of the American Chemical Society 2017,139, (23), 7689-. In response to the problem of environmental pollution of these two substances, there is no tendency for the environmental concentrations of PFOA and PFOS to decrease, although relevant measures have been taken in many ways. Therefore, at present, a high-efficiency treatment technology for PFOA and PFOS polluted water bodies needs to be researched.
Although various types of adsorbents, including activated carbon, ion exchange resins, organic polymers and organically modified clays, have been developed to separate PFOA and PFOS, PFOA in water bodies, there is still a bottleneck to the subsequent processing of concentrated PFOA and PFOS. Due to the molecular properties of PFOA and PFOS, the high density of electron clouds on the PFOA and PFOS molecules makes them have a barrier effect to the traditional hydroxyl radical induced advanced oxidation techniques. (McCleaf, P.; England, S.; Ostlund, A.; Lindegren, K.; Wiberg, K.; Ahrens, L., Removal impact of multiple Poly-and per-fluoro impact subsystems (PFASs) in driving water using linear impact cars and impact extrusion (AE) column tests. Water Research 2017,120,77-87.Li, X.137, S.; Quan, X.Zhang, Y., Enhanced injection of PFO and PFO on Multi-wall impact cars, P.E.; C. (E.E. injection, P.; E.E., L., E.E.E.E.E.J.; C.; E.E.E.E.P.; C. (E.S. P.; C.; C. E.E.E.E.E.E.E.S. J. P.; C. E.S. C., impact extrusion fibers, P.S.S.S.S.S. A.S. A. and S.S.S. J.; C. injection, engineering impact extrusion, C. injection, impact extrusion, S. injection, C. injection, impact, S. injection, C. injection, S. injection, impact, S. injection, C. injection, S. injection, injection 2018,5, (12),764-769.Du, z.; deng, s.; zhang, s.; wang, w.; wang, b.; huang, j.; wang, y.; yu, g.; xing, B., Selective and Fast Adsorption of perfluor and of Magnetic Fluorinated Vermiculite. environmental Science & Technology 2017,51, (14),8027-8035.Hori, H.; hayakawa, e.; einaga, h.; kutsuna, s.; koike, k.; ibusuki, t.; kiagawa, h.; arakawa, R., composition of environmental perfluorooctanoic acid in water by photochemical reactions environmental Science & Technology 2004,38, (22), 6118-. Recent studies have found that both reduction techniques based on hydrated electrons and advanced oxidation techniques based on sulfate radicals have the ability to degrade PFOA and PFOS. Among them, hydrated electrons can completely destroy PFOA and PFOS molecules due to their strong reducing power. Currently, hydrated electron reduction systems based on iodide, sulfite ions have been developed for the efficient treatment of PFOA and PFOS contaminated water bodies. However, the above reaction system requires anaerobic reaction and high pH reaction, and the solution causes secondary pollution. In previous studies we have developed self-assembling micellar systems based on indoleacetic acid and cationic surfactants, which achieve high defluorination degradation of PFOA and PFOS in ambient atmosphere. However, the cationic surfactant incorporated in this system is itself a contaminant, increasing the risk of the application of this technique. (Tenorio, R.; Liu, J.; Xiao, X.; Maizel, A.; Higgins, C.P.; Schaefer, C.E.; Strthmann, T.J., Destruction of Per-and polyfluoalkyl subsystems (PFASs) in Aqueous films-Forming Foam (AFFF) with UV-refractory phosphor treatment, environmental Science & Technology 2020.Sun, Z.; Zhang, C.; Chen P.; Zhou Hoffmann, M.R., J., U.S. Pat. No. 2012 of the environmental Science and Technology. J.; chemical company, U.S. Pat. No. 35, P.; C.S.; C.R., M.R., U.S.; C.S. No. J., P.; C.S. No. 11, P.; C.S. No. 11, P.; chemical Engineering subsystem, U.S. No. 7, P.; C.S. No. 11, P.; C.S. No. P.; electronic Engineering subsystem, C. No. 11, C. 11, P.; electronic Engineering subsystem, C.S. 11, C.S. No. 11, P.; emission, C. 11, P.; emission testing, C.S. P. (P.; emission, C.S. P.; emission, C. No. P.; emission, C. P.; emission, P.; emission testing, C.S. No. 12, P.; emission testing, P.; emission, P. (P.; emission, P. (P.S. P.; emission, P.S. P.; emission testing, P.; emission, P.S. P.; emission, 27-32). Therefore, a simple, efficient, highly applicable and no secondary pollution technology is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problem of low treatment efficiency of hydrated electrons on perfluorinated compounds in the prior art, the invention provides a method for efficiently treating a perfluorinated compound polluted water body, which utilizes indole derivatives which are electropositive or electroneutral in water to enhance the binding effect with anionic PFCs, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the hydrated electrons generated by the indole derivatives and the PFCs and promoting the degradation and defluorination of the PFCs.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a method for efficiently treating a perfluorinated compound polluted water body, which comprises the following steps:
s10, mixing the polluted water body containing the perfluorinated compounds with the indole derivatives to obtain a mixture of the perfluorinated compounds and the indole derivatives, wherein the indole derivatives are electropositive or electroneutral in water;
s20, the mixture obtained in the step S10 is irradiated by mercury lamp, and the perfluorinated compounds in the mixture are degraded.
Preferably, the indole derivative comprises one or more of indole, methylindole, arundoine, tryptamine.
Preferably, the concentration ratio of the indole derivative to the contaminated water containing the perfluorinated compound is 1: 0.01-0.03.
Preferably, the specific steps of step S10 are:
(1) respectively preparing 150mL of 2mM indole derivative solution and 3mL of 2.4mM perfluorinated compound solution;
(2) the above-mentioned perfluoro compound solution and indole derivative solution were mixed and made to a volume of 300mL by adding ultrapure water to obtain a mixture in which the concentrations of indole derivative and perfluoro compound reached 1mM and 0.024mM, respectively.
Preferably, the specific steps of step S20 are: the mixture obtained in step S10 was transferred to a cylindrical quartz reaction tube, and a 36W low-pressure mercury lamp was immersed in the mixture and turned on to perform degradation reaction.
Preferably, step S10 further comprises adjusting the pH of the mixture to 4-10, more preferably 6.
Preferably, in step S20, the reaction temperature of the degradation reaction is 20 to 40 ℃, more preferably 25 ± 2 ℃; the reaction time is 8 hours, and the perfluoro compound in the mixture is perfluoro caprylic acid or perfluoro octane sulfonic acid.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention relates to a method for efficiently treating a water body polluted by a perfluorinated compound, which firstly discloses that an electropositive or electroneutral indole derivative is used as a hydrated electron source material to degrade PFOA, compared with PFCs degraded by a sulfite, iodide and indoleacetic acid system of anions under anaerobic and alkaline conditions mainly researched by the prior art, the electropositive or electroneutral indole derivative used in the invention can be combined with PFOA molecules through hydrogen bond action and electrostatic action, so that the utilization efficiency of the PFOA on the hydrated electrons generated by the indole material under ultraviolet illumination under neutral aerobic condition is directly improved, and PFOA degradation is promoted;
(2) according to the method for efficiently treating the water body polluted by the perfluorinated compounds, the electropositive or electroneutral indole derivatives are used as the hydrated electron source material for degrading the PFOA, and the tightly combined indole derivatives and the PFOA promote the utilization efficiency of hydrated electrons, so that the influence of oxygen and protons on the system is reduced, and the system can be generated under the neutral aerobic condition;
(3) the invention relates to a method for efficiently treating a perfluorinated compound polluted water body, which solves the problem that other exogenous substances need to be added in the existing method for degrading a perfluorinated compound, directly uses an electropositive or electroneutral indole derivative as a hydrated electron source substance for degrading PFOA, can carry out degradation reaction under ultraviolet illumination, and does not cause secondary pollution to the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a photoreaction apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the PFOA degradation diagram (a) and defluorination diagram (b) of different indole derivatives according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the photodegradation reaction of various indole derivatives as hydrated electron source materials with perfluorinated compounds;
figure 4 shows the degradation (a) and defluorination (b) of PFOS by different indole derivatives;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the kinetics of PFOA degradation (a) and defluorination (b) by an indole system under different pH conditions in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the kinetics of PFOA degradation (a) and defluorination (b) by a Giantreed alkali system under different pH conditions in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the kinetics of PFOA degradation (a) and defluorination (b) by the indole system in the presence of humic substances according to the invention;
figure 8 is a graph showing the kinetics of PFOA degradation (a) and defluorination (b) by the arundoine system in the presence of humus according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
The following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which, although described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, it is to be understood that other embodiments may be realized and that various changes to the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The following more detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is presented for purposes of illustration only and not limitation to describe the features and characteristics of the invention, to set forth the best mode of carrying out the invention, and to sufficiently enable one skilled in the art to practice the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is to be limited only by the following claims.
The invention relates to a method for efficiently treating a perfluorinated compound polluted water body, which comprises the following steps:
s10, 1: mixing a perfluorinated compound-containing polluted water body with an indole derivative at a concentration ratio of 0.01-0.03 to obtain a mixture of the perfluorinated compound and the indole derivative, specifically, preparing 150mL of 2mM indole derivative solution and 3mL of 2.4mM perfluorinated compound solution respectively; mixing the perfluorinated compound solution and the indole derivative solution, adding ultrapure water, and keeping the volume to 300mL to obtain a mixture with the concentrations of the indole derivative and the perfluorinated compound respectively reaching 1mM and 0.024mM (namely, the concentration ratio of the indole derivative to the polluted water containing the perfluorinated compound is 1: 0.024); and the pH of the mixture is adjusted to 4-10, preferably 6, with 5 mM-1M HCl and NaOH.
In addition, the indole derivative is electropositive or neutrally charged in water; specifically, the indole derivative comprises one or more of indole, methylindole, arundoine and tryptamine, wherein the indole and methylindole are neutral in electricity in water, and the arundoine and tryptamine are electropositive in water. The indole derivative which is electropositive or electroneutral in neutral aqueous solution can solve the problems of low utilization rate of hydrated electrons and low reaction efficiency on PFCs caused by mutual repulsion of electronegative hydrated electron source substances and PFCs which are both anions in the current research, and the reaction efficiency of the generated hydrated electrons and the PFCs is improved by the indole derivative which is electropositive or electroneutral due to strong combination effect with the PFCs, so that the degradation and defluorination of the PFCs are promoted.
S20, the mixture obtained in step S10 was transferred to a cylindrical quartz reaction tube (generally, d: 41 mm; h: 400mm), as shown in fig. 1. Then, a 36W low pressure mercury lamp (preferably a 36W Philips low pressure mercury lamp) is immersed in the mixture, and the lamp is turned on to carry out the light reaction, thereby degrading and treating the perfluorinated compounds in the mixture. The perfluorinated compound is one or two of perfluorooctane carboxylic acid or perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, the reaction temperature of the degradation reaction is controlled to be 20-40 ℃, preferably 25 +/-2 ℃, and the reaction time is 8 hours.
By the method for efficiently treating the water body polluted by the perfluorinated compounds, the electropositive or electroneutral indole derivatives are directly used as the hydrated electron source material for degrading the PFOA, so that the degradation reaction can be carried out under the ultraviolet irradiation, the utilization efficiency of the PFOA to hydrated electrons generated by indole materials under the ultraviolet irradiation under the neutral aerobic condition is improved, the PFOA degradation is promoted, and the secondary pollution to the environment is avoided.
Example 1
In this example, the degradation and defluorination effects of different electric properties of indole derivatives in water on PFOA are mainly examined, and the specific steps are as follows:
s10, placing 300mL of mixed solution of 1mM 1-indoleacetic acid, 3-indolepropionic acid, 3-indolecarboxylic acid, indole, methyl indole, arundoin, tryptamine and 0.024mM PFOA in a quartz light reaction tube (d is 41 mM; h is 400mM), setting 300mL of PFOA solution only containing 0.024mM as a control group, carrying out the experiment in the same reactor, and adjusting the pH value of different mixed solutions and the control solution to 6; wherein, the 1-indoleacetic acid, the 3-indolepropionic acid and the 3-indoleformic acid are electronegative in water, the indole and the methylindole are electroneutral in water, and the arundoine and the tryptamine are electropositive in water;
s20, using a 36W low-pressure mercury lamp as a light source to perform light reaction on the different mixed solutions and the control solution obtained in the step S10, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be 25 +/-2 ℃, and the reaction time is 8 hours. The sampling time is set to be 0h, 0.5h, 1.5h, 2.5h, 3.5h, 4.5h, 6h and 8h respectively. The sample was divided into two portions, and the remaining PFOA content was measured by LC-MS/MS and the F ion content generated was measured by Ion Chromatography (IC), respectively, to calculate the PFOA degradation rate and defluorination rate, and the concrete degradation curve and defluorination curve were shown in FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 2(b), respectively. FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the photodegradation reaction of various indole derivatives as hydrated electron source substances with perfluorinated compounds.
As can be seen from fig. 2(a) and 2(b), both the neutral indole and methylindole and the electropositive arundoin significantly promote the degradation and defluorination of PFOA.
Example 2
In this example, the degradation and defluorination effects of different electric properties of indole derivatives in water on PFOS are mainly examined, and the specific steps are as follows:
s10, placing 300mL of mixed solution of 1mM 3-indoleacetic acid, indole and arundoin and 0.024mM PFOS in a quartz light reaction tube (d is 41 mM; h is 400mM), setting 300mL PFOS solution only containing 0.024mM as a control group, carrying out the experiment in the same reactor, and adjusting the pH value of different mixed solutions and the control solution to 6; wherein, the 3-indoleacetic acid is electronegative in water, the indole is electroneutral in water, and the arundoin is electropositive in water;
s20, using a 36W low-pressure mercury lamp as a light source to perform light reaction on the different mixed solutions and the control solution obtained in the step S10, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled to be 25 +/-2 ℃, and the reaction time is 8 hours. The sampling time is set to be 0h, 0.5h, 1.5h, 2.5h, 3.5h, 4.5h, 6h and 8h respectively. The sample was divided into two portions, and the remaining PFOS content was measured by LC-MS/MS and the resulting F ion content was measured by Ion Chromatography (IC), to calculate the PFOS degradation rate and defluorination rate, and the specific degradation curve and defluorination curve were shown in FIG. 4(a) and FIG. 4(b), respectively.
As can be seen from fig. 4(a) and 4(b), both the neutral indole and the electropositive arundoin significantly promote the degradation and defluorination of PFOS.
Example 3
The embodiment mainly inspects the influence of pH on an indole system, and comprises the following specific steps;
s10, placing 300mL of mixed solution of 1mM indole and 0.024mM PFOA in a quartz light reaction tube (d is 41 mM; h is 400mM), and adjusting the pH values of the mixed solution to 4,6, 8 and 10 by using NaOH (5 mM-1M) with different concentrations respectively;
s20, using a 36W low-pressure mercury lamp as a light source to carry out illumination reaction, controlling the reaction temperature at 25 +/-2 ℃ and the reaction time at 8 hours. The sampling time is set to be 0h, 0.5h, 1.5h, 2.5h, 3.5h, 4.5h, 6h and 8h respectively. The sample was divided into two portions, and the remaining PFOA content was measured by LC-MS/MS and the F ion content generated was measured by Ion Chromatography (IC), respectively, to calculate the PFOA degradation rate and defluorination rate, and the concrete degradation curve and defluorination curve were shown in FIG. 5(a) and FIG. 5(b), respectively.
As is clear from FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), the influence of pH on the mixed system of indole and PFOA is small, and the inhibition of PFOA degradation and defluorination under acidic conditions is small and almost negligible. The alkaline condition has a slight promoting effect on the degradation and defluorination of PFOA.
Example 4
This example mainly examines the influence of pH on the arundoin system, and its specific steps are:
s10, placing 300mL of mixed solution of 1mM of arundoin and 0.024mM of PFOA in a quartz light reaction tube (d is 41 mM; h is 400mM), and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 4,6, 8 and 10 by using HCl and NaOH (5 mM-1M) with different concentrations respectively;
s20, using a 36W low-pressure mercury lamp as a light source to carry out illumination reaction, controlling the reaction temperature at 25 +/-2 ℃ and the reaction time at 8 hours. The sampling time is set to be 0h, 0.5h, 1.5h, 2.5h, 3.5h, 4.5h, 6h and 8h respectively. The sample was divided into two portions, and the remaining PFOA content was measured by LC-MS/MS and the F ion content generated was measured by Ion Chromatography (IC), respectively, to calculate the PFOA degradation rate and defluorination rate, and the concrete degradation curve and defluorination curve were shown in FIG. 6(a) and FIG. 6(b), respectively.
As can be seen from fig. 6(a) and 6(b), the pH has little influence on the mixed system of arundoin and PFOA under acidic conditions, the inhibition of PFOA degradation and defluorination under acidic conditions is almost negligible, the inhibition of PFOA degradation and defluorination under alkaline conditions is remarkably enhanced, and the system has almost no promotion effect on PFOA degradation and defluorination at pH 10.
Example 4
This example mainly examines the influence of humic substances on indole system, and comprises the following steps:
s10, mixing 300mL of 1mM indole, 0.024mM PFOA mixed solution and humus (0.1-1 mg L) with different concentrations-1FA) mixed solution was placed in a quartz photoreaction tube (d 41 mm; h 400mM) and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 6 by using NaOH (5 mM-1M) with different concentrations respectively;
s20, using a 36W low-pressure mercury lamp as a light source to carry out illumination reaction, controlling the reaction temperature at 25 +/-2 ℃ and the reaction time at 8 hours. The sampling time is set to be 0h, 0.5h, 1.5h, 2.5h, 3.5h, 4.5h, 6h and 8h respectively. The sample was divided into two portions, and the remaining PFOA content was measured by LC-MS/MS and the F ion content generated was measured by Ion Chromatography (IC), respectively, to calculate the PFOA degradation rate and defluorination rate, and the concrete degradation curve and defluorination curve were shown in FIG. 7(a) and FIG. 7(b), respectively.
As is clear from FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b), the effect of coexisting humic substances on the mixed system of indole and PFOA is small and almost negligible.
Example 5
The embodiment mainly inspects the influence of humus on a gramine alkali system, and comprises the following specific steps:
s10, mixing 300mL of 1mM of arundoin, 0.024mM of PFOA and humus with different concentrations (0.1-1 mg L)-1FA) mixed solution was placed in a quartz photoreaction tube (d 41 mm; h 400mM) and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 6 by using NaOH (5 mM-1M) with different concentrations respectively;
s20, using a 36W low-pressure mercury lamp as a light source to carry out illumination reaction, controlling the reaction temperature at 25 +/-2 ℃ and the reaction time at 8 hours. The sampling time is set to be 0h, 0.5h, 1.5h, 2.5h, 3.5h, 4.5h, 6h and 8h respectively. The sample was divided into two portions, and the remaining PFOA content was measured by LC-MS/MS and the F ion content generated was measured by Ion Chromatography (IC), respectively, to calculate the PFOA degradation rate and defluorination rate, and the concrete degradation curve and defluorination curve were shown in FIG. 8(a) and FIG. 8(b), respectively.
As is clear from fig. 8(a) and 8(b), the effect of coexisting humic acid on the mixed system of graminine and PFOA is significant.
Claims (7)
1. A method for efficiently treating a water body polluted by perfluorinated compounds comprises the following steps:
s10, mixing the polluted water body containing the perfluorinated compounds with the indole derivatives to obtain a mixture of the perfluorinated compounds and the indole derivatives, wherein the indole derivatives are electropositive or electroneutral in water;
s20, the mixture obtained in the step S10 is irradiated by mercury lamp, and the perfluorinated compounds in the mixture are degraded.
2. The method for efficiently treating the water body polluted by the perfluorinated compounds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the indole derivative comprises one or more of indole, methylindole, arundoine and tryptamine.
3. The method for efficiently treating the water body polluted by the perfluorinated compounds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the concentration ratio of the indole derivative to the polluted water containing the perfluorinated compounds is 1: 0.01-0.03.
4. The method for efficiently treating the water body polluted by the perfluorinated compounds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific steps of step S10 are:
(1) respectively preparing 150mL of 2mM indole derivative solution and 3mL of 2.4mM perfluorinated compound solution;
(2) the above-mentioned perfluoro compound solution and indole derivative solution were mixed and made to a volume of 300mL by adding ultrapure water to obtain a mixture in which the concentrations of indole derivative and perfluoro compound reached 1mM and 0.024mM, respectively.
5. The method for efficiently treating the water body polluted by the perfluorinated compounds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific steps of step S20 are: the mixture obtained in step S10 was transferred to a cylindrical quartz reaction tube, and a 36W low-pressure mercury lamp was immersed in the mixture and turned on to perform degradation reaction.
6. The method for efficiently treating the water body polluted by the perfluorinated compounds as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S10, the method further comprises adjusting the pH of the mixture to 4-10.
7. The method for efficiently treating the water body polluted by the perfluorinated compounds as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S20, the reaction temperature of the degradation reaction is 20-40 ℃, the reaction time is 8 hours, and the perfluoro compound in the mixture is perfluoro caprylic acid or perfluoro octane sulfonic acid.
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