CN112551296A

CN112551296A - Elevator stopping device and elevator comprising same

Info

Publication number: CN112551296A
Application number: CN202011582595.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 侯校良; 李普祥; 赵建兵
Original assignee: Yungtay Elevator Equipment China Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yungtay Elevator Equipment China Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-28
Filing date: 2020-12-28
Publication date: 2021-03-26

Abstract

The invention discloses an elevator stop device, which comprises a bottom plate component, an upright post, a buffer and an electrical switch, wherein the upright post is arranged on the bottom plate component and can be overturned or lifted and dropped relative to the bottom plate component; the buffer is arranged on the upright post, and the electric switch is arranged on the upright post, matched with the base and the bottom plate and used for sensing the state of the upright post; the electrical switch is connected with the elevator control system and inputs signals to the elevator control system. The invention also discloses an elevator comprising the elevator stopping device, wherein when the elevator is used, the upright post is in a horizontal state; when the elevator overhauls, the stand is vertical state, restricts the descending height of car to guarantee interior operation personnel's of pit safety. Or when the elevator uses, the stand is vertical state, overhauls the top layer space, and the stand is in the horizontality to increase to heavy falling depth, thereby make the car increase a rise height in the headspace, conveniently overhaul the headspace.

Description

Elevator stopping device and elevator comprising same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of elevators, in particular to an elevator stopping device capable of greatly reducing the depth of an elevator pit or facilitating the overhaul of the overhead space of an elevator and an elevator comprising the same.

Background

The conventional elevator at present needs to occupy a certain building space, and needs a machine room and a pit besides a shaft necessary for elevator operation, generally speaking, for the safe operation, installation operation, maintenance operation, operation space guarantee and danger avoidance space of the elevator, the pit needs to have a certain depth, and thus corresponding civil engineering construction and material investment are needed.

For installing the elevator additionally, the shaft needs to be built separately, if underground pipelines are arranged in a certain depth under the excavation range of the shaft pit, and the depth of the elevator pit is required to be deeper, the underground pipelines need to be changed or other equivalent measures need to be taken, so that the engineering cost is increased and the construction period is prolonged. If the position below the shaft is not suitable for deep digging, the elevator cannot be configured.

Therefore, how to efficiently utilize the building space, especially how to reduce the excavation depth of a pit by additionally installing an elevator, reduce the change of underground pipelines and reduce the influence on the original building foundation is an urgent problem to be solved at present.

In addition, for the elevator without a machine room, the height of a top floor space is higher than that of a conventional elevator, and a large number of elevator components such as a traction machine and a speed limiter are installed in the top floor space, so that the elevator is inconvenient to overhaul and maintain and has large workload. The maintenance of the top floor space of the elevator is to move the car to a proper position of the top floor and fix the car, then stand on the car top to maintain the elevator components in the top floor space, and when the top floor height of the elevator is higher, even if the related limit and limit setting of the car operation are bypassed by an electric means, the elevator can not be lifted and continuously moves upwards due to the fact that the counterweight of the elevator can touch the buffer in the pit, and the elevator components for maintaining the top floor space are quite difficult to maintain.

Disclosure of Invention

One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is to provide an elevator stopping device for a shallow pit elevator, which is installed below a car in a pit, can be turned over when the elevator is used, and can be erected when the elevator is overhauled, in order to solve the problems caused by the need of digging a deeper pit for arranging the elevator. The method and the device can greatly reduce the depth of the pit with the elevator while meeting the requirements of related elevator regulations, and reduce the excavation amount of the elevator pit and the influence on underground pipelines and building foundations. The economic benefit is remarkable.

The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an elevator stopping device which is arranged below a counterweight in a pit and can adjust the position of a car in the elevator top space by adjusting the descending depth of the counterweight of an elevator and aiming at the inconvenience in maintenance of elevator components in the top space when the elevator top is high, so as to conveniently maintain the elevator components in the elevator top space.

The third technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an elevator comprising the elevator stopping device.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

an elevator stop device structure comprising:

a base plate;

a base fixedly mounted on the base plate;

the lower part of the upright post is hinged on the base and overturns relative to the base; the upright column has a vertical state and a horizontal state; a bumper mounted on the upright;

the electric switch is arranged at the lower part of the upright post, is matched with the base and the bottom plate and is used for sensing the state of the upright post; the electrical switch is connected with an elevator control system and inputs signals to the elevator control system.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the electrical switches is two, and the two electrical switches are respectively installed on two sides of the lower portion of the upright, the first electrical switch is used for sensing whether the upright is in a vertical state, and the second electrical switch is used for sensing whether the upright is in a horizontal state.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a switch touch panel is installed on the base, and when the upright column is in the vertical state, the switch touch panel triggers a first electrical switch to act.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two electrical switches are mounted on the upright through corresponding switch mounting plates, and the two switch mounting plates are reasonably designed and adjustable in mounting position, so that the positions of the electrical switches can be conveniently adjusted to monitor the state of the upright more accurately and sensitively.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second switch mounting plate also provides over-travel protection to prevent the second electrical switch from being damaged by excessive pressure when the column is in a horizontal state.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a long circular hole transversely penetrating through the upright column is formed in the lower portion of the upright column, after a mandrel is used to penetrate through the long circular hole in the lower portion of the upright column, the mandrel is arranged on the base, the upright column with the mandrel penetrating through the middle can be lifted upwards for a proper distance along the direction of the long circular hole, and the upright column can freely rotate around the mandrel relative to the base.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a wedge-shaped stop plate or a stop shaft is mounted on the base, a stop groove is formed at the bottom of the upright, and when the upright is in a vertical state, the wedge-shaped stop plate is wedged into the stop groove or the stop shaft is embedded into the stop groove to stop the upright so that the upright does not topple in the upright state.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stopper groove has an inverted V-shape or an inverted U-shape.

The elevator comprises the elevator stopping device, wherein the elevator stopping device is arranged below a car in a pit of the elevator, and the upright post is in a horizontal state when the elevator is used; when the elevator overhauls, the stand is vertical state, and is right the car descending height of elevator limits to guarantee operating personnel's safety in the pit.

The elevator comprises the elevator stopping device, wherein the elevator stopping device is installed below a counterweight in a pit of the elevator, when the elevator is used, the stand column is in a vertical state, and when elevator components in a top floor space of the elevator are overhauled, the stand column is in a horizontal state so as to increase the descending depth of the counterweight of the elevator, so that a lifting height of a car of the elevator is increased in the top space of the elevator, and the elevator components in the top space of the elevator are overhauled conveniently.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that 1, the relevant regulations of the elevator are met, and the depth of the pit of the elevator can be greatly reduced; 2. the state of the upright post is monitored in real time, so that automatic electrical control is realized. 3. When the elevator car is installed below the car in the pit, two layers of safety guarantee are provided for the space of the elevator pit. Firstly, in electrical control, after an elevator control system receives a stand column standing signal transmitted by an electrical switch, the normal operation of an elevator is stopped, and the lowest point of the downward movement of an elevator car which is operated by manual operation of a professional is limited; secondly, when the electrical control fails, the elevator car which continues to descend is mechanically stopped by the stopping device structure. 4. The invention has obvious economic effect, reduces the excavation amount of the bottom kang of the elevator, reduces the influence on underground pipelines and reduces the influence on building foundations. 5. When the elevator stopping device is arranged below the counterweight in the pit, and the stand column of the stopping device is in a flat lying state, the counterweight can continuously descend, the car can continuously ascend, and the problem of inconvenient maintenance when the top of the elevator is higher can be solved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a stop device structure of an elevator with a shallow pit of embodiment 1 of the present invention in a state where a column is turned up in a vertical state.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an elevator stopping device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention in a state where a column is laid down horizontally.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view schematically showing an elevator stopping device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an elevator stopping device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which the second electrical switch is in a triggered state by a reaction force of the bottom plate when the column is in a horizontal state.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the elevator stopping device structure embodiment 1 of the invention, when the vertical column is turned up and is in a vertical state, the first electric switch is triggered by the switch touch panel to be in an action state.

Fig. 6a to 6d are schematic views illustrating a process in which a column is turned from a horizontal shape to a vertical shape and is dropped into place in an elevator stopping device structure embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing a state where an elevator stopping device structure embodiment 2 of the present invention is in a vertical state with a column turned up.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of an elevator stopping device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention in a state where the column is laid down horizontally.

Fig. 9 is an exploded view schematically showing the structure of an elevator stopping device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an elevator stopping device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention, in which the second electrical switch is in a triggered state by a reaction force of the bottom plate when the column is in a horizontal state.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the elevator stopping device structure embodiment 2 of the invention, wherein the first electric switch is triggered by the switch touch plate to be in an action state when the upright post is turned up to be in a vertical state.

Fig. 12a to 12d are schematic views illustrating a process in which a column is turned from a horizontal shape to a vertical shape and is dropped into place in an elevator stopping device structure embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below in conjunction with the appended drawings and detailed description.

The following examples 1 and 2 are mainly used for shallow pit elevators.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, there is shown an elevator stopping device including a base plate 10, the base plate 10 being adapted to mount the entire stopping device in an elevator pit by means of an anchor, bolts, welding, etc.

A base 20 is arranged on the bottom plate 10, and the base 20 is mainly composed of two side plates which are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the bottom plate 10 and two front and rear baffle plates. The spindles 30 passing through the uprights 40 are fixed to the

side plates

22, 23.

The column 40 is a pipe with a square or round cross section, and can also be a thin-wall piece formed by bending three sides or a rod piece made of other section materials.

An oblong hole 41 penetrating the column 40 is provided at the lower part of the column 40, and the spindle 30 is inserted through the oblong hole 41, so that the column 40 is mounted between the

side plates

22, 23 in the base 20. So that the mounted upright 40 can be lifted a suitable distance between the two

side plates

22, 23 and automatically rotated about the spindle 30.

When the elevator is in normal operation, the upright post 40 is in a horizontal state; when the elevator is overhauled and maintained, the upright post 40 is in a vertical state so as to protect the safety of operating personnel in the pit.

A buffer 90 is installed on the top of the upright post 40, and can be a spring type, a rubber type, a polyester type, a hydraulic type and other buffering articles.

In order to make the upright post 40 standing in place more stable and not sway, the front and rear sides of the

side plates

22, 23 in the base 20 are provided with baffle plates 21, and the two baffle plates 21 and the two

side plates

22, 23 enclose a space into which the upright post 40 can be inserted. Of course, the base 20 can also be directly machined from rectangular hollow steel tubing. The upright 40 is erected and dropped into position, which is equivalent to being nested by the base 20 of rectangular configuration, making the upright 40 more stable.

In order to ensure that the upright post 40 can accurately fall into a sleeve of the base 20 when the upright post 40 falls into place vertically, the lower end of the upright post 40 is provided with an inverted V-shaped stop groove 42 and a wedge-shaped stop plate 50 is arranged on the bottom plate 10, when the upright post 40 falls into place vertically, the wedge-shaped stop plate 50 is clamped into the inverted V-shaped stop groove 42, the centering effect of the upright post 40 when falling is achieved, the shaking problem caused by the gap between the base 20 and the upright post 40 is overcome, and the stability of the upright post 40 is enhanced.

By reasonably designing the length of the long round hole 41 on the upright post 40, the upright post 40 can fall into place when falling into the base 20, and can be fully separated from the base 20 when being lifted upwards, and the upright post does not touch the wedge-shaped stop plate 50 and the front and rear baffle plates 21 in the base 20 when being converted into a flat lying process.

In order to sense the state of the upright post 40, the invention adopts two electric switches which are arranged at the lower part of the upright post 40 and are matched with the base 20 for sensing the state of the upright post 40; the two electrical switches are connected to the elevator control system and input signals to the elevator control system.

The two electrical switches are divided into a first electrical switch 60 and a second electrical switch 70, and the first electrical switch 60 and the second electrical switch 70 are respectively fixed on both sides of the lower portion of the column 40 by adjustable mounting plates.

The first electrical switch 60 is used for sensing whether the upright post 40 is in the upright state, and the second electrical switch 70 is used for sensing whether the upright post 40 is in the horizontal state.

The second switch mounting plate 71 also provides over-travel protection to prevent damage to the second electrical switch 70 due to excessive pressure when the column 40 is horizontal.

In order to activate the first electrical switch 60, a switch contact 80 is mounted on the side wall 22 of the base 20, and when the upright post 40 is in the upright position, the switch contact 80 activates the first electrical switch 60.

With combined reference to fig. 6a to 6d, the working principle of the stop arrangement structure of the shallow pit elevator of the invention is described below:

the lying state is as follows: when the elevator is in normal operation, the column 40 is in a lying state, as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 6a, and the stop device structure of the shallow pit elevator of the present invention is in a reset state, i.e., a non-operating state, in the lying state. In this state, the first electrical switch 60 is reset, the second electrical switch 70 is triggered by the base plate 10, and a position monitoring signal is output to the elevator control system as a necessary condition for resetting the elevator.

The upright state: when a person in the elevator pit works, the upright post 40 is manually lifted and rotated to be upright and then inserted into the base 20, as shown in fig. 1, 6 and 6d, the upright state is the action state of the stop device structure of the shallow pit elevator of the invention, and is the working state. In this state, the second electrical switch 70 is reset, the first electrical switch 60 is triggered by the switch touch plate 80 to be turned on, a signal is transmitted to the elevator control system, the elevator control system stops the normal operation of the elevator and limits the lowest point of the downward movement of the elevator car which is operated by the manual operation of a professional, so as to ensure the safety of the operating personnel in the pit.

Referring to fig. 6b and 6c, both

electrical switches

60, 70 are in a reset state between the lying and upright positions, during lifting and rotation of the mast 40 and before the mast 40 is rotated 90 ° ready to fall into the seat.

When the service personnel is finished, the column 40 is lifted and rotated manually to be laid on the pit floor, as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 6 a. The second electrical switch 70 is triggered by the base plate 10 and the first electrical switch 60 is reset, a signal is passed to the elevator control system as a necessary condition for elevator reset.

The height of the upright post 40 in the stop device structure of the shallow pit elevator is far less than that in the vertical state, so that the requirement of the shallow pit elevator on the pit depth is greatly reduced.

The stop device structure of the shallow pit elevator provides two-stage safety guarantee for the elevator pit space. Firstly, the method comprises the following steps: the elevator control system stops the normal operation of the elevator and limits the lowest point of the downward movement of the elevator car which is operated by the manual operation of a professional; II, secondly: mechanical safety protection, when the electrical safety protection fails, the car which continues to descend is stopped by the stop device of the invention so as to ensure the safety of the pit space.

Example 2

The elevator stopping device of this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the structure of the base is different, the base of the embodiment 2 is composed of two L-shaped plates, the stop groove forms at the lower end of the upright post 40 are different, the opening of the stop groove is V-shaped, the groove bottom is U-shaped, and the whole base is inverted U-shaped; also, the stopper shaft 50a is substituted for the wedge-shaped stopper plate 50 in embodiment 1.

The base 20a of this embodiment 1 is composed of two L-shaped

plates

24, 25, the two L-shaped

plates

24, 25 are mounted on the base plate 10, the pillar 40 is mounted between the side plates of the two L-shaped

plates

24, 25 by the mandrel 30, and the stopper shaft 50a is also fixed between the side plates of the two L-shaped

plates

24, 25.

The switch contact plate 80 is fixed to the side plate of the L-shaped plate 24.

After the column 40 is lifted up by a suitable distance to disengage the stopper groove 42c at the lower end of the column 40 from the stopper shaft 50a, the column 40 can be turned around the spindle 30 to a horizontal state, which is a state of returning the stopping device, as a necessary condition for returning the elevator.

When it is desired to erect the post 40, the post 40 is raised and rotated about the spindle 30 to turn the post perpendicular to the base plate 10, and then the post 40 is slowly lowered to cause the detent groove 42c of the post 40 to catch on the detent shaft 50a, thereby completing erection of the post 40. The standing state is an operation state of the stopping device.

In addition, the above embodiments 1 and 2 can also be used to solve the problem of inconvenient maintenance when the top of the elevator is high. When embodiments 1 and 2 of the invention are installed below the counterweight of an elevator to solve the problem of inconvenient maintenance when the top of the elevator is higher, the specific implementation method comprises the following steps: when the elevator normally runs, the upright post 40 of the elevator stopping device arranged below the counterweight is in a vertical state, and the first electrical switch 60 outputs a monitored vertical state signal of the upright post 40 to be transmitted to an elevator control system as one of necessary conditions for the normal running of the elevator; when the top floor space of the elevator needs to be overhauled, the vertical column 40 of the elevator stopping device below the counterweight is changed into a horizontal state from a vertical state, the counterweight can move downwards to a lower position than usual, and meanwhile, the car can move upwards to a higher position. According to actual need, rationally calculate the length of elevator stop device's stand, alright go upward to required high position in order to make the car when overhauing the state, very big make things convenient for the maintenance work of headspace.

Claims

1. An elevator stop device, comprising:

a base plate;

a base fixedly mounted on the base plate;

the lower part of the upright post is arranged on the base through a mandrel and can be turned over relative to the base;

a bumper mounted on the upright;

the electric switch is arranged on the upright column, matched with the base and the bottom plate and used for sensing the state of the upright column; the electrical switch is connected with an elevator control system and inputs signals to the elevator control system.

2. The elevator stopping device as defined in claim 1, wherein said two electrical switches are respectively installed on both sides of said shaft, the first electrical switch is used to sense whether said shaft is in a vertical state, and the second electrical switch is used to sense whether said shaft is in a horizontal state.

3. The elevator stop device according to claim 2, wherein a switch contact plate is mounted on a side of said base corresponding to said first electrical switch, said switch contact plate activating said first electrical switch when said column is in an upright position.

4. The elevator stopping device of claim 3, wherein said first electrical switch is mounted on one side of said mast by a first switch mounting plate and said second electrical switch is mounted on the other side of said mast by a second switch mounting plate; the two electric switches can be subjected to position adjustment through the matched switch mounting plates, so that the state of the upright post can be accurately monitored.

5. The stop device structure of a shallow pit elevator as claimed in claim 4, wherein said second switch mounting plate also serves as an over-travel protection to prevent the second electrical switch from being excessively pressed and damaged when said column is horizontal.

6. An elevator stopping device as defined in claim 5, wherein said base is hollow to nest a vertical column standing upright and falling into position, enhancing the stability of the column.

7. An elevator stopping device as defined in claim 1, wherein said post is provided with an elongated hole extending transversely through said post, said mandrel is mounted to said base after passing through said elongated hole, and the elongated hole is of a suitable length to allow said post to be lifted upwardly relative to said base and said base to disengage said stop plate or stop shaft and said front and rear stops on said base to facilitate rotation of said post about said mandrel.

8. The elevator stopping device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a wedge-shaped stopping plate or a stopping shaft is mounted on the base, a stopping groove is formed in the bottom of the pillar, and the wedge-shaped stopping plate is wedged into the stopping groove or the stopping shaft is embedded into the stopping groove to limit and stop the pillar in a vertical state of the pillar.

9. An elevator comprising an elevator stopping device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which is installed in the pit of the elevator, the mast being horizontal when the elevator is in use; when the elevator overhauls, the stand is vertical state, and is right the car descending height of elevator limits to guarantee operating personnel's safety in the pit.

10. An elevator comprising the elevator stopping device of any one of claims 1 to 8, the elevator stopping device being installed in a pit of the elevator, the column being in a vertical state when the elevator is in use, the column being in a horizontal state when elevator components in a headroom space of the elevator are serviced to increase a counterweight lowering depth of the elevator, thereby allowing a car of the elevator to increase a raising height in the headroom space of the elevator to facilitate servicing of the elevator components in the headroom space of the elevator.