CN112550776B

CN112550776B - Foldable and unfoldable space platform

Info

Publication number: CN112550776B
Application number: CN202011454571.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵海峰; 陈焱; 贾晨雪; 袁林; 袁子豪; 王珂
Original assignee: Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization of CAS
Current assignee: Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization of CAS
Priority date: 2020-12-10
Filing date: 2020-12-10
Publication date: 2022-06-07
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-10
Also published as: CN112550776A

Abstract

The invention relates to a foldable and unfoldable space platform, which comprises a rotary table and a plurality of supporting frames, wherein the supporting frames respectively adopt foldable and unfoldable structures and are annularly arranged on the peripheral side of the rotary table, and two adjacent supporting frames are hinged with each other; one ends of the support frames are connected to the periphery of the rotary table through memory alloys respectively, and the support frames are rotated to a preset position relative to the rotary table through the power-on and power-off of the memory alloys. The exposed area of the space platform is obviously increased after the space platform is unfolded, the occupied volume of the whole panel is relatively small during recovery, and the emission and recovery cost can be reduced; according to the invention, the deformation driving force generated by the power-on and power-off of the memory alloy is adopted to enable the support frame blades to rotate, so that all the support frame blades are driven to rotate relative to the rotary table, the structural weight can be reduced, the space can be saved, and the system reliability can be increased.

Description

Foldable and unfoldable space platform

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of space load correlation, in particular to a foldable and unfoldable space platform applied to space exposure and planet scientific sampling return experiment load.

Background

The space exposure experiment can simulate the extraterrestrial environments such as moon and asteroid, provides basis and guidance for scientific experiment tasks in space engineering such as lunar exploration engineering, Mars exploration and asteroid exploration, can provide abundant scientific research samples, and is a supplement for the extraterrestrial planet scientific experiment tasks. The space exposure experiment can simulate the chemical and physical reactions of the atmosphere, mineral products, organisms and other resources in the extraterrestrial environment, help to better understand the extraterrestrial planet environment, and provide reference information for subsequent tasks such as deep space exploration sampling return. The space exposure experiment can be used for observing samples for a long period, and an in-situ detection instrument is carried to monitor the state of the sample in real time and deeply know the state change process of various space science experiment samples. Since the last 80 s, many experiments related to material exposure have been performed in countries and regions such as the united states, russia, europe, etc. In the 80 s of the 20 th century, 57 experiments were performed on Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) by NASA. The international space station material exposure experiment (MISSE) in the united states is a series of experiments conducted by NASA for flight studies of exposed samples, and up to now, 8 MISSE mission experiments have been successfully conducted. ESA developed a multifunctional "european exposure technology facility (EuTEF)" for developing space environment exposure experiments.

International Space Station material experiments (MISSE) are a series of experiments performed outside International Space stations, and mainly study the influence of long-term exposure on Materials in a severe Space environment. In the material exposure process, the material is influenced by charged particle radiation, atomic oxygen, vacuum, extreme temperature and other environmental factors, and a great deal of valuable reference information is provided for the spatial material performance research. Up to now, 8 MISSE mission experiments (MISSE-1 to MISSE-8) have been successfully carried out, and a considerable amount of experimental data was obtained.

MISSE-1 and MISSE-2 rose to the air in 2001 and returned in 2005. The exposure planes of the MISSE-1 and MISSE-2 devices were parallel to the windward and leeward sides, and the containers of these two devices for carrying out the material exposure experiments were shaped like briefcases, and the experimental materials were put into the experimental containers and sent into space. During extravehicular activity, the container is fully opened, two parts of the box body present 360-degree rotation, the material in the container is fully exposed outside the cabin, and the whole exposed area is 8 square feet; MISSE-3 to MISSE-6 are also briefcase type loads and are mainly distinguished by the installation position of the exposure experiment container and the type of the carried material; the MISSE-7 comprises two exposure experiment containers with different exposure directions, one exposure experiment container is positioned on the windward side and the leeward side, and the other exposure experiment container is positioned on the ground and the leeward side; the MISSE-8 exposure device comprises an exposure experiment container and a smaller exposure tray filled with reflector materials, wherein the exposure directions of the exposure experiment container are towards the ground and the back ground, and the exposure directions of the reflector material tray are towards the windward side and the back wind side; MISSE-FF creates a platform that can hold 14 exchangeable sample modules, and the robot can perform maintenance and payload exchanges every 6 months. MISSE-FF is a box-shaped payload that carries MISSE Sample Carriers (MSCs) on all external panels. The physical dimensions of the experiments performed on MSCs varied from 2.5x 2.5 cm to 19.9x 35.6 cm, supporting exposure times varying from 6 months to 3 years. The MSC can be turned on and off and the scanning cart can take high resolution photographs of the exposed sample as needed.

The surface areas of the space unfolding platform before and after unfolding are almost the same, the inner side of the space unfolding platform is unfolded for 180 degrees and the materials are exposed, the surface area change is not obvious in the folding and unfolding processes, the whole load volume cannot be effectively reduced in the folding and unfolding processes, and the launching cost is high. The device can not adjust the posture during the exposure experiment, and if the space station experiences a specific astronomical event, the exposure device can not adjust the angle of the exposed surface according to the characteristics of the specific astronomical event.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that in the space exposure experiment process, the exposure area of a part of device is small after the device is unfolded, the exposed surface angle cannot be adjusted, and the volume of a return device is overlarge, and provides a foldable and unfoldable space platform.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a foldable and unfoldable space platform comprises a rotary table and a plurality of supporting frames, wherein the supporting frames are respectively of foldable and unfoldable structures and are annularly arranged on the periphery of the rotary table, and two adjacent supporting frames are hinged with each other; one ends of the support frames are connected to the periphery of the rotary table through memory alloys respectively, and the support frames are rotated to a preset position relative to the rotary table through the power-on and power-off of the memory alloys.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the exposed area of the space platform is obviously increased after the space platform is unfolded, the occupied volume of the whole panel is relatively small during recovery, and the emission and recovery cost can be reduced; according to the invention, the deformation driving force generated by the power-on and power-off of the memory alloy is adopted to enable the support frame blades to rotate, so that all the support frame blades are driven to rotate relative to the rotary table, the structural weight can be reduced, the space can be saved, and the system reliability can be increased.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.

Further, braced frame includes intermediate lamella and pterygoid lamina, the pterygoid lamina is two and articulates respectively the both sides of intermediate lamella, and two adjacent braced frame's pterygoid lamina articulates each other, braced frame's intermediate lamella one end is passed through memory alloy and is connected week side of revolving stage.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: by adopting the structure of mutual structure of the middle plate and the wing plates, when the memory alloy drives the middle plate to rotate, the adjacent and hinged wing plates can be folded close to the rotary table.

Furthermore, the hinged parts of the two adjacent wing plates and the hinged parts of the wing plates and the middle plate are positioned on the same side of the memory alloy.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the hinge parts at the hinge joint are driven to rotate relatively by the memory alloy.

Further, the wing plate comprises a first hinge edge and a second hinge edge, the first hinge edge is hinged to the middle plate, the second hinge edge is hinged to the adjacent wing plate, and the first hinge edge and the second hinge edge are arranged at an acute angle.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: when the memory alloy drives the middle plate, the wing plates on the two sides are convenient to fold.

Further, the intermediate plate includes connection limit one, folding limit one and folding limit two are arranged perpendicularly respectively the both sides of connecting limit one, it connects to connect the limit one through memory alloy in the week side of revolving stage, folding limit one and folding limit two are articulated with the pterygoid lamina respectively.

Furthermore, a connecting block is arranged at the bottom of one end of the supporting frame and hinged with the rotary table, and the memory alloy is connected to the rotary table and the connecting block respectively.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: when folded and unfolded, the connecting block can provide certain positioning support for the support frame.

Further, the number of the supporting frames is 6. Adopt 6 braced frame, conveniently calculate parameters such as exhibition angle, exhibition ratio, make braced frame fold into the state parallel with the revolving stage axis, also can expand into the state perpendicular with the revolving stage axis.

Further, still include the pillar of liftable, the revolving stage is installed the one end of pillar. The rotary table can be lifted to a preset position as required, and the axial direction of the rotary table is adjusted.

Further, an orientation motor is installed at one end of the support column, a pitching motor is installed at the driving end of the orientation motor, the rotary table is connected with the pitching motor and driven by the pitching motor to perform pitching motion, and the pitching motor is connected with the orientation motor and driven by the orientation motor to perform orientation motion. The pitching motor can adjust the pitching direction of the rotary table, and the direction motor can adjust the circumferential direction of the rotary table.

Furthermore, the supporting frame is made of a polyether-ether-ketone-based carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material, so that the reliability of the whole structure can be guaranteed, the weight of the structure can be effectively reduced, the whole structure is easy to launch and recover, and the energy consumption in the motion process can be effectively reduced when the two-dimensional rotary table is driven; and/or, still include the reentry module, it is a plurality of braced frame forms space platform beta structure after revolving stage week side is folding, space platform beta structure mountable is in the reentry module, the convenient recovery.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the space platform deployment process of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a first perspective view of the space platform of the present invention fully deployed;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fully expanded spatial platform according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a space platform according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a folding structure of the space platform according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the space platform folding structure placed in the return cabin.

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1. a turntable; 11. supporting a lug; 2. a support frame; 21. a middle plate; 22. a wing plate; 23. connecting blocks; 3. a memory alloy; 4. an azimuth motor; 5. a pitch motor; 6. a column; 61. a lead screw; 62. a sleeve; 7. a drive mechanism;

100. a return capsule; 101. space platform beta structure.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the foldable and expandable space platform of the present embodiment includes a turntable 1 and a plurality of supporting frames 2, wherein the plurality of supporting frames 2 are respectively of a foldable and expandable structure and are annularly arranged on the peripheral side of the turntable 1, and two adjacent supporting frames 2 are hinged to each other; one end of each of the support frames 2 is connected to the periphery of the turntable 1 through a memory alloy 3, and the support frames 2 are rotated to a preset position relative to the turntable 1 by powering on and powering off the memory alloys 3.

The memory alloy 3 can be connected with the supporting frame 2 and the turntable 1 in a thermoplastic mode, the memory alloy 3 can provide a deformation driving force with a single degree of freedom, when the supporting frame 2 needs to be opened, the memory alloy 3 is continuously electrified, the memory alloy 3 is opened, the supporting frame 2 is driven to be unfolded, when the supporting frame 2 needs to be folded and closed, the memory alloy 3 is powered off, the memory alloy 3 is cooled and then closed, and the supporting frame 2 is driven to be closed.

The rotary table 1 can adopt a mechanical rotary table structure and also can adopt a robotized load auxiliary supporting device, and is powered off in the uplink process.

The exposed area of the space platform after being unfolded is obviously increased, the occupied volume of the whole panel is relatively small during recovery, and the emission and recovery cost can be reduced; the deformation driving force generated by the power-on and power-off of the memory alloy can enable the supporting frame blades to rotate, so that all the supporting frame blades are driven to rotate relative to the rotary table, the structural weight can be reduced, the space can be saved, and the system reliability can be improved.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the foldable and expandable space platform of the present embodiment includes a turntable 1 and a plurality of supporting frames 2, wherein the plurality of supporting frames 2 are respectively of a foldable and expandable structure and are annularly arranged on the peripheral side of the turntable 1, and two adjacent supporting frames 2 are hinged to each other; one end of each of the plurality of support frames 2 is connected to the peripheral side of the turntable 1 through a memory alloy 3, and the support frames 2 are rotated to a preset position relative to the turntable 1 by powering on and powering off the memory alloys 3.

The rotary table 1 can adopt a mechanical rotary table structure, also can adopt robotized load auxiliary supporting equipment, and is powered off in the uplink process.

As shown in fig. 1-3 and 5, the support frame 2 of the present embodiment includes a middle plate 21 and two wing plates 22, the two wing plates 22 are respectively hinged to two sides of the middle plate 21, the wing plates 22 of two adjacent support frames 2 are hinged to each other, and one end of the middle plate of the support frame 2 is connected to the peripheral side of the turntable 1 through a memory alloy 3. Each support frame 2 can be connected by a plurality of memory alloys 3, the specific number of the memory alloys can be selected according to the actual situation, and the support frame 2 of the embodiment can be connected by two memory alloys 3. By adopting the structure of mutual structure of the middle plate and the wing plates, when the memory alloy drives the middle plate to rotate, the adjacent and hinged wing plates can be folded close to the rotary table.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the hinge of two adjacent wing plates 22 and the hinge of the wing plate 22 and the middle plate 21 are both located on the same side of the memory alloy 3. The hinge parts at the hinge joint are driven to rotate relatively by the memory alloy.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the wing panel 22 of the present embodiment includes a first hinge edge hinged to the middle panel 21 and a second hinge edge hinged to the adjacent wing panel 22, the first hinge edge and the second hinge edge being disposed at an acute angle. When the memory alloy drives the middle plate, the wing plates on the two sides are convenient to fold.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the middle plate 21 of the present embodiment includes a first connecting edge, a first folding edge, and a second folding edge, the first folding edge and the second folding edge are respectively vertically disposed at two sides of the first connecting edge, the first connecting edge is connected to the peripheral side of the turntable 1 through a memory alloy 3, and the first folding edge and the second folding edge are respectively hinged to wing plates 22.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a connecting block 23 is arranged at the bottom of one end of the supporting frame 2, the connecting block 23 is hinged to the turntable 1, and the memory alloy 3 is respectively connected to the turntable 1 and the connecting block 23. When folded and unfolded, the connecting block 23 can provide a certain positioning support for the support frame 2. The structure of the connecting blocks 23 can be selected as required, and a folding space is reserved between the adjacent connecting blocks 23, so that clamping stagnation during folding is avoided.

As shown in fig. 1-3, one alternative of the present embodiment is that the number of the supporting frames 2 is multiple, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, … …, 12, … …, 24, etc. The support frame can be folded into an umbrella-like structure, and the unfolded support frame 2 can be arranged at an acute angle with the axis of the turntable or can be unfolded to be perpendicular to the axis of the turntable.

The structure of the intermediate plate 21 of the support frame 2 of the present embodiment can be arbitrarily selected as required.

The support frame 2 of this embodiment can contain hundreds of blank, can set up in the blank and expose experimental sample tray module, carries out airtight pressurize according to the experiment demand. The sample tray module can receive irradiation effects such as cosmic rays, and before the sample tray module is installed in the supporting frame 2, dehydration, drying, dust removal and degassing are needed to be carried out, and finally ultraviolet detection is needed to be received before installation. The sample tray module not only can carry out the space and expose the experiment, can also carry out the experiment of space dust particle collection, only need with during the aerogel sample embedding sample tray module that encapsulates is good, treat expose the experiment end after along with the space platform whole return ground can.

The space platform of this embodiment further comprises a liftable support 6, and the turntable 1 is mounted at one end of the support 6. The supporting column 6 can be driven to lift by an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

As shown in fig. 3, an orientation motor 4 is installed at one end of the support column 6 in this embodiment, a pitching motor 5 is installed at a driving end of the orientation motor 4, the turntable 1 is connected to the pitching motor 5 and is driven by the pitching motor 5 to perform pitching motion, and the pitching motor 5 is connected to the orientation motor 4 and is driven by the orientation motor 4 to perform orientation motion. The pitch motor 5 can adjust the pitch orientation of the turntable 1, and the orientation motor 4 can adjust the circumferential orientation of the turntable 1.

As shown in fig. 6, the supporting frame 2 of this embodiment is made of a peek-based carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material, which not only can ensure the reliability of the overall structure, but also can effectively reduce the structural weight, so that the overall structure is easy to launch and recover, and when the two-dimensional turntable 1 is driven, the energy consumption in the motion process can be effectively reduced.

As shown in fig. 6, the space platform of this embodiment further includes a reentry module 100, and a plurality of the supporting frames 2 are folded around the turntable 1 to form a space platform folding structure 101, and the space platform folding structure 101 can be installed in the reentry module 100 for convenient recycling. Wherein fig. 6a shows the return capsule 100 with the space platform folding structure 101 in the open position and fig. 6b shows the return capsule 100 with the space platform folding structure 101 in the closed position.

The folding and unfolding process of the space platform in this embodiment is, as shown in fig. 1, in fig. 1a, the upright 6 is in a retracted state, and the support frame 2 is folded around the turntable 1 and the upright 6; in fig. 1b, the upright 6 is in an extended state, and the support frame 2 is folded around the turntable 1 and the upright 6; in fig. 1c, the upright 6 is in an extended state, and the supporting frame 2 is unfolded at a certain angle and arranged around the turntable 1 and the upright 6 in an umbrella shape; in fig. 2 and 3, the uprights 6 are in the extended condition and the support frame 2 is fully extended into the horizontal condition.

The space platform's of this embodiment roll over exhibition process adopts the mechanism kinematics mode to design, and the degree of freedom of control overall structure roll over exhibition in-process for each braced frame blade is rolling over exhibition in-process motion intercoupling, and whole device has only a degree of freedom, can effectively reduce drive structure quantity, can adopt flexible hinged joint between each braced frame blade, reduces manufacturing cost.

The space platform of this embodiment can be according to specific astronomical event control two-dimensional revolving stage, adjusts whole space platform's angle, records the influence of specific astronomical event to exposed material on the braced frame. The space platform of this embodiment exposes the area and obviously increases after expanding in the space, and the shared volume of whole braced frame panel is less relatively during the recovery, can wholly put into the recoverable capsule, and it is convenient to retrieve, can effectively reduce emission and recovery cost.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the supporting frames 2 is 6. The 6 support frames are adopted, so that the parameters such as folding and unfolding angles, folding and unfolding ratios and the like can be conveniently calculated, and the support frames can be folded into a state parallel to the axis of the rotary table and can also be unfolded into a state perpendicular to the axis of the rotary table.

The middle plate 21 of the supporting frame 2 of this embodiment may be of a square structure, and the wing plates 22 may be of a right trapezoid structure, where the bottom edge of the wing plate 22 of the right trapezoid is a first hinge edge hinged to the middle plate 21, and the oblique edge of the wing plate 22 of the right trapezoid is hinged to the oblique edge of the adjacent wing plate 22. The free end of the intermediate plate 21 remote from the turntable 1 is flush with a right-angled waist of the wing plate 22. Thus, after the support frame 2 is folded, the end parts of the middle plate 21 and the wing plates 22 are in the same plane, thereby facilitating the recovery.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the space platform of the present embodiment further includes a liftable support 6, and the turntable 1 is mounted at one end of the support 6. The supporting column 6 can be adjusted in a lifting mode through a lead screw lifting mechanism, the rotary table can be lifted to a preset position as required, and the axial direction of the rotary table is adjusted. Specifically, the support 6 comprises a screw 61 and a sleeve 62, the sleeve 62 is sleeved outside the screw 61 in a threaded manner, and one end of the sleeve 62 is connected with the rotary table 1. One end of the screw 61, which is far away from the turntable 1, is connected with a driving mechanism 7, the driving mechanism 7 can be used for driving the screw 61 to rotate, and the sleeve 62 can be driven to move along the screw 61 by setting a sliding rail for limiting. The driving mechanism 7 can be a worm and gear driving mechanism, a driving gear can be arranged on the lead screw 61, and the worm and gear driving mechanism is used for driving the driving gear to rotate so as to drive the lead screw 61 to rotate.

As shown in fig. 6, the supporting frame 2 of this embodiment is made of a peek-based carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material, which not only can ensure the reliability of the overall structure, but also can effectively reduce the structural weight, so that the overall structure is easy to launch and recover, and when the two-dimensional turntable 1 is driven, the energy consumption in the motion process can be effectively reduced; as shown in fig. 6, the space platform of this embodiment further includes a returning capsule 100, and a plurality of the supporting frames 2 are folded around the turntable 1 to form a space platform folding structure 101, and the space platform folding structure 101 can be installed in the returning capsule 100 for convenient recycling. Wherein fig. 6a shows the return capsule 100 with the space platform folding structure 101 in the open position and fig. 6b shows the return capsule 100 with the space platform folding structure 101 in the closed position.

The folding and unfolding process of the space platform in this embodiment is, as shown in fig. 1, in fig. 1a, the upright 6 is in a retracted state, and the supporting frame 2 is folded around the turntable 1 and the upright 6; in fig. 1b, the column 6 is in an extended state, and the support frame 2 is folded around the turntable 1 and the column 6; in fig. 1c, the upright 6 is in an extended state, and the supporting frame 2 is unfolded at a certain angle and arranged around the turntable 1 and the upright 6 in an umbrella shape; in fig. 2 and 3, the uprights 6 are in the extended condition and the support frame 2 is fully extended into the horizontal condition.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A foldable and unfoldable space platform is characterized by comprising a rotary table and a plurality of supporting frames, wherein the supporting frames respectively adopt foldable and unfoldable structures and are annularly arranged on the peripheral side of the rotary table, and two adjacent supporting frames are hinged with each other; one ends of the support frames are respectively connected to the periphery of the rotary table through memory alloys, and the support frames are rotated to a preset position relative to the rotary table through the power-on and power-off of the memory alloys; the supporting frame comprises an intermediate plate and wing plates, the two wing plates are respectively hinged to two sides of the intermediate plate, the wing plates of two adjacent supporting frames are hinged to each other, one end of the intermediate plate of the supporting frame is connected to the peripheral side of the rotary table through memory alloy, the memory alloy provides a deformation driving force with a single degree of freedom, when the supporting frame needs to be opened, the memory alloy is continuously electrified, the memory alloy is opened, the supporting frame is driven to be unfolded, when the supporting frame needs to be folded and closed, the memory alloy is powered off, the memory alloy is cooled and then closed, and the supporting frame is driven to be closed; the bottom of one end of the supporting frame is provided with a connecting block, the connecting block is hinged with the rotary table, the memory alloy is respectively connected to the rotary table and the connecting block, and when the supporting frame is folded and unfolded, the connecting block can provide certain positioning support for the supporting frame; the number of the supporting frames is 6; the supporting frame comprises a blank, and a sealed and pressure-maintaining tray module for exposing the experimental sample is arranged in the blank;

the rotary table is arranged at one end of the support; an azimuth motor is installed at one end of the support, a pitching motor is installed at the driving end of the azimuth motor, the rotary table is connected with the pitching motor and is driven by the pitching motor to perform pitching motion, and the pitching motor is connected with the azimuth motor and is driven by the azimuth motor to perform azimuth motion; the supporting frame is made of a polyether-ether-ketone-based carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material;

the support frames form a space platform folding structure on the periphery of the rotary table, and the space platform folding structure can be installed in the return cabin;

the hinged parts of the two adjacent wing plates and the hinged parts of the wing plates and the middle plate are positioned on the same side of the memory alloy;

the wing plates comprise a first hinge edge and a second hinge edge, the first hinge edge is hinged with the middle plate, the second hinge edge is hinged with the adjacent wing plate, and the first hinge edge and the second hinge edge are arranged at an acute angle; the wing plates are of a right-angle trapezoid structure, wherein the bottom edge of each wing plate of the right-angle trapezoid is a first hinged edge hinged with the middle plate, and the oblique edge of each wing plate of the right-angle trapezoid is hinged with the oblique edge of the adjacent wing plate; the free end of the middle plate far away from the rotary table is flush with one right-angle waist of the wing plate; after the supporting frame is folded, the end parts of one ends of the middle plate and the wing plate are positioned on the same plane;

the middle plate comprises a first connecting edge, a first folding edge and a second folding edge, the first folding edge and the second folding edge are respectively and vertically arranged on two sides of the first connecting edge, the first connecting edge is connected to the peripheral side of the rotary table through memory alloy, and the first folding edge and the second folding edge are respectively hinged with the wing plate;

the support column comprises a screw rod and a sleeve, the sleeve is sleeved outside the screw rod in a threaded manner, and one end of the sleeve is connected with the rotary table; one end of the screw rod, which is far away from the rotary table, is connected with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used for driving the screw rod to rotate, and the sleeve is driven to move along the screw rod by setting a slide rail for limiting; the driving mechanism is a worm and gear driving mechanism, a driving gear is arranged on the lead screw, the worm and gear driving mechanism is utilized to drive the driving gear to rotate, and then the lead screw is driven to rotate.