CN112550079B - Energy conversion device and vehicle - Google Patents

Energy conversion device and vehicle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN112550079B
CN112550079B CN201910913783.5A CN201910913783A CN112550079B CN 112550079 B CN112550079 B CN 112550079B CN 201910913783 A CN201910913783 A CN 201910913783A CN 112550079 B CN112550079 B CN 112550079B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
winding
winding unit
current
axis
phase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201910913783.5A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN112550079A (en
Inventor
潘华
李吉成
熊永
郑益浩
张达俭
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BYD Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BYD Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BYD Co Ltd filed Critical BYD Co Ltd
Priority to CN201910913783.5A priority Critical patent/CN112550079B/en
Publication of CN112550079A publication Critical patent/CN112550079A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN112550079B publication Critical patent/CN112550079B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/68—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/72—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/79—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/797—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular, to an energy conversion device and a vehicle, the energy conversion device including: the motor coil at least comprises a first winding unit and a second winding unit, and the first winding unit and the second winding unit are both connected with the reversible PWM rectifier; an external power supply, the reversible PWM rectifier and the motor coil form a heating circuit; at least one neutral wire is led out of the first winding unit, at least one neutral wire is led out of the second winding unit, and at least one of the neutral wires of the first winding unit and the second winding unit is connected. When being applied to the electric automobile, the energy conversion device can generate heat through the motor coil to heat the battery, and the problems of complex structure, low integration level, large size and high cost of a heating control circuit of the battery of the electric automobile in the prior art are solved.

Description

Energy conversion device and vehicle
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of electronics, especially relates to an energy conversion device and vehicle.
Background
In recent years, as the technology of electric vehicles is matured continuously, the market acceptance of electric vehicles is improved continuously, more and more electric vehicles will enter the society and families, and the performance requirements, especially the comfort requirements, of users on electric vehicles are higher and higher, which requires that electric vehicles can adapt to different driving requirements. However, most electric vehicles at the present stage obviously cannot meet the requirement, and particularly, when the battery of the electric vehicle is in a low-temperature environment, the charging and discharging capacity of the battery is obviously reduced, which affects the service life of the battery, and meanwhile, the battery capacity is also reduced, or even cannot be used. At present, the prior art generally adopts a battery heating device arranged on a vehicle to heat a battery so as to enable the battery to be in a normal working state.
However, although the method for heating the battery in the prior art can make the battery in a normal working state, the battery heating device occupies a certain volume, and the battery heating device and the battery are independent of each other and need to control the external device and the battery respectively, which results in complex control circuit structure, low integration level, large volume and high cost of the battery heating device and the battery in the prior art.
In summary, the prior art has the problems of complicated structure, low integration level, large volume and high cost of the heating control circuit of the battery of the electric automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the application is to provide an energy conversion device and a vehicle, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, a heating control circuit of a battery of an electric automobile is complex in structure, low in integration level, large in size and high in cost.
A first embodiment of the present application provides an energy conversion apparatus including:
the motor coil at least comprises a first winding unit and a second winding unit, and the first winding unit and the second winding unit are both connected with the reversible PWM rectifier;
an external power supply, the reversible PWM rectifier and the motor coil form a heating circuit;
at least one neutral wire is led out of the first winding unit, at least one neutral wire is led out of the second winding unit, and at least one of the neutral wires of the first winding unit and the second winding unit is connected.
A second embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle that includes the energy conversion apparatus provided in the first embodiment described above.
The application provides an energy conversion device and vehicle, through adopt reversible PWM rectifier and motor coil in this energy conversion device, the electric current of outside power input produces the heat through motor coil, in order to heat for the battery, need not to increase solitary battery heating equipment heat production and give battery heating, utilize motor coil to heat the battery, it is complicated to have solved the heating control circuit structure that prior art exists the battery including electric automobile, the integration level is low, bulky and with high costs problem.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing an energy conversion apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic view showing still another module structure of the energy conversion apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a diagram showing an exemplary circuit configuration of an energy conversion apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a diagram showing still another example of the circuit configuration of the energy conversion apparatus of the first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a diagram showing still another example of the circuit configuration of the energy conversion apparatus of the first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a diagram showing still another example of a circuit configuration of an energy conversion apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 shows a further schematic current flow diagram of the energy conversion device of the first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a further schematic current flow diagram of the energy conversion device of the first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 shows a further schematic current flow diagram of the energy conversion device of the first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 shows a further schematic current flow diagram of the energy conversion device of the first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a further schematic current flow diagram of the energy conversion device of the first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 shows a further schematic current flow diagram of the energy conversion device of the first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 13 is a schematic view showing a further flow of current of the energy conversion apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 14 shows a further schematic current flow diagram of the energy conversion device of the first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 15 is a schematic block diagram of an energy conversion device according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 16 shows a schematic block diagram of a vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the present application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in the specification of the present application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted contextually as "when", "upon" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to a detection". Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted contextually to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon detecting [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detecting [ described condition or event ]".
In order to explain the technical means of the present application, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.
A first embodiment of the present application provides an energy conversion apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, the energy conversion apparatus includes a reversible PWM rectifier 11 and a motor coil 12, the motor coil 12 includes at least a first winding unit N1 and a second winding unit N2, and the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 are both connected to the reversible PWM rectifier 11; the first winding unit N1 leads out at least one neutral wire, the second winding unit N2 leads out at least one neutral wire, and at least one of the neutral wires of the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 is connected; the external power supply 2 is connected to a reversible PWM rectifier 11.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, the power source in this embodiment may be a battery 21, and may also be a dc charging/discharging port 22 (which may be used to connect a dc power supply device, such as a charging pile or a power supply vehicle). When the external power source is a battery 21, the current output by the battery 21 passes through the reversible PWM rectifier 11 and the motor coil 12, so that the motor coil 12 generates heat, and the battery discharges and the motor coil 12 generates heat to heat the battery 21; when the dc charge and discharge port 22 is connected to the dc power supply device, the current output by the dc power supply device passes through the dc charge and discharge port 22, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, and the motor coil 12, so that the motor coil generates heat, and the dc charge and discharge port 22 charges the battery 21 to generate heat and the motor coil 12 generates heat to heat the battery 21.
In addition, the heat generated by the motor coil may also be used to heat other batteries and other devices, and is not limited herein. Meanwhile, in the following description, the meaning of "the dc charging and discharging port 22 outputs the dc current" should be the same as that "the dc power supply device outputs the dc current when the dc charging and discharging port 22 is connected to the dc power supply device", and it should be clear to those skilled in the art that when the dc charging and discharging port 22 outputs the dc current and the dc charging and discharging port 22 is connected to the dc power supply device, the dc current can be output through the dc charging and discharging port 22.
It is to be noted that, in the present application, the "external power source" described in the present embodiment is "external" with respect to the energy conversion device, and is not "external" to the vehicle in which the energy conversion device is located.
The PWM in the reversible PWM rectifier 11 is Pulse width modulation (Pulse width modulation), the reversible PWM rectifier 11 can invert the current input by the power supply 2 or rectify the current output to the external battery according to the control signal, the reversible PWM rectifier 11 includes multiple-phase bridge arms, the number of the bridge arms is configured according to the number of phases of the motor coil 12, each phase of the inverter bridge arm includes two power switch units, the power switch units can be of the transistor type, the IGBT type, the MOS transistor type, the SiC type, and the like, the connection point of the two power switch units in the bridge arms is connected to one phase winding in the motor, and the power switch units in the reversible PWM rectifier 11 can be turned on and off according to the external control signal to convert the direct current input by the power supply 2 into the motor phase current.
The motor coil 12 includes at least two winding units, each winding unit includes a plurality of phase windings, each phase winding includes N coil branches, first ends of the N coil branches in each phase winding are connected together to form a phase end point, second ends of the N coil branches in each phase winding are connected with second ends of the N coil branches in other phase windings in a one-to-one correspondence manner to form N connection points, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
The first winding unit N1 may also be a coil branch of a neutral point formed by at least one connection point, the second winding unit N2 may also be a coil branch of a neutral point formed by at least one connection point, and the connection point forming the first winding unit N1 and the connection point forming the second winding unit N2 are different connection points, that is, the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 have different neutral points.
The first winding unit N1 includes at least two phase end points and at least one neutral point, and at least one neutral line is led out from at least one neutral point; the second winding unit N2 includes at least two phase terminals and at least one neutral point, and at least one neutral line is respectively led out from at least one neutral point, the second winding unit N2 is connected with the first winding unit N1 through the at least one neutral line, and the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 are both connected with the reversible PWM rectifier 11 through the phase terminals.
In this embodiment, one connection point may form one neutral point, and several connection points may also form one neutral point; at least one neutral line may be led out from one neutral point, and a neutral line may also be led out from each of the neutral points, which is not particularly limited herein.
It should be noted that the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 may be respectively located in the motor coils 12 of different motors, or may be located in the motor coil 12 of the same motor, that is, when the first winding unit N1 is located in the motor coil 12 of one motor, the second winding unit N2 may be located in the motor coil 12 of another motor; alternatively, the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 are in the motor coil 12 of the same motor.
In addition, the energy conversion device further comprises a control module, the control module is connected with the reversible PWM rectifier 11 and sends a control signal to the reversible PWM rectifier 11, the control module may comprise a vehicle controller, a control circuit of the reversible PWM rectifier 11 and a BMS battery manager circuit, the control circuit, the reversible PWM rectifier 11 and the BMS battery manager circuit are connected through a CAN line, and different modules in the control module control the conduction and the shutdown of a power switch in the reversible PWM rectifier 11 according to the acquired information to realize the conduction of different current loops.
The energy conversion device can work in a heating mode, a heating and driving mode, and a heating and charging and discharging mode.
When the energy conversion device works in a heating mode, the power supply 2, the reversible PWM rectifier and the motor coil 12 form a heating circuit, the controller controls current output by the power supply 2 to flow into all phase windings (namely zero-axis current) connected with a neutral line through the reversible PWM rectifier, flow through the neutral line, flow into all phase windings (namely zero-axis current) connected with the neutral line through the other winding unit, flow through the reversible PWM rectifier and flow back to the power supply 2, current is introduced into the motor winding coil, the motor winding coil heats cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid is introduced into a battery pack to heat a battery. The motor rotor can be in a static state or a rotating state or a back-and-forth rotating state or a swinging state of a small range position, the battery 21 discharges through the motor winding, and the motor winding generates heat to heat the cooling medium to heat the battery 21.
When the energy conversion device is in a heating and driving mode, the power supply 2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11 and the motor coil 12 form a driving circuit and a heating circuit, the power supply 2 provides direct current to the reversible PWM rectifier 11, the reversible PWM rectifier 11 inverts the direct current into multi-phase alternating current, and the multi-phase alternating current is input into the motor coil 12 to drive the motor to run; the process of heating the circuit is described above and will not be described further herein.
When the energy conversion device is in a heating and charging mode, one part of the current output by the direct current charging and discharging port 22 charges the battery 21, and the other part of the current heats the motor coil 12; when the energy conversion device is in a heating and discharging mode, one part of the current output by the battery 21 supplies power to the direct current charging and discharging port 22, and the other part heats the motor coil 12; the process of heating the circuit is described above and will not be described further herein.
In this embodiment, by using the energy conversion device including the reversible PWM rectifier 11 and the motor coil 12, after the energy conversion device is connected to the external power supply 2, the energy conversion device can select one of a heating mode, a heating and driving mode, and a heating and charging/discharging mode to operate, the current input by the power supply 2 generates heat through the motor coil 12 to heat the battery 21, and it is not necessary to add a separate battery heating device to heat the battery 21, and simultaneously, the heating and driving can be performed simultaneously, and the battery is heated by using the motor coil 12, thereby solving the problems of the prior art, including the complicated structure, low integration level, large size and high cost of the heating control circuit of the battery of the electric vehicle.
Further, as an implementation manner of the embodiment, the reversible PWM rectifier 11 includes a set of M-phase bridge arms, a first end of each phase bridge arm is connected together to form a first bus end, a second end of each phase bridge arm is connected together to form a second bus end, a first end of the power source 2 is connected to the first bus end, and a second end of the power source 2 is connected to the second bus end;
the motor coil 12 at least comprises a first winding unit N1 and a second winding unit N2, the first winding unit N1 comprises a set of m 1 Phase winding, m 1 Each of the phase windings includes n 1 A coil branch of n for each phase winding 1 The coil branches are connected together to form a phase terminal m 1 Phase end point of phase winding and M of M bridge arms 1 The middle points of each path of bridge arm of the path bridge arms are connected in one-to-one correspondence, and m is 1 N of each of the phase windings 1 One of the coil branches is also respectively connected with n of other phase windings 1 One of the coil branches is connected to form n 1 A connection point from n 1 In one connection point form T 1 A neutral point, from T 1 Neutral point led out J 1 A neutral line; wherein n is 1 ≥T 1 ≥1，T 1 ≥J 1 ≥1，m 1 N is not less than 2 1 ，m 1 ，T 1 ，J 1 Are all positive integers;
the second winding element N2 comprises a set of m 2 Phase winding, m 2 Each of the phase windings includes n 2 A coil branch, n of each phase winding 2 The coil branches are connected together to form a phase terminal m 2 Phase end point of phase winding and M of M-way bridge arm 2 The middle points of each path of bridge arm of the path bridge arms are connected in one-to-one correspondence, and m is 2 Each of the phase windingsN of (A) to (B) 2 One of the coil branches is also respectively connected with n of other phase windings 2 One of the coil branches is connected to form n 2 A connection point from n 2 In one connection point form T 2 A neutral point, from T 2 Neutral point led out J 2 A neutral line; wherein n is 2 ≥T 2 ≥1，T 2 ≥J 2 ≥1，m 2 Not less than 2, M is not less than M1+ M2 and n 2 ，m 2 ，T 2 ，J 2 Are all positive integers;
J 1 at least one of the neutral lines is connected with J 2 At least one of the neutral lines is connected.
Meanwhile, all phase windings of each winding unit are used as a basic unit, and the motor vector control adopted for each basic unit can independently control the motor to operate.
Specifically, taking the circuit configuration example shown in fig. 3 as an example, the group of 6-way bridge arms specifically includes a first power switch unit, a second power switch unit, a third power switch unit, a fourth power switch unit, a fifth power switch unit, a sixth power switch unit, a seventh power switch unit, an eighth power switch unit, a ninth power switch unit, a tenth power switch unit, an eleventh power switch unit, and a twelfth power switch unit, midpoints of the first power switch unit and the second power switch unit, midpoints of the third power switch unit and the fourth power switch unit, midpoints of the fifth power switch unit and the sixth power switch unit are respectively connected with three phase end points (A, B, C) of the first winding unit N1 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, midpoints of the seventh power switch unit and the eighth power switch unit, midpoints of the ninth power switch unit and the tenth power switch unit, and a, The midpoints of the eleventh power switch unit and the twelfth power switch unit are respectively connected with three phase endpoints (U, V, W) of the second winding unit N2 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the first power switch unit comprises a first upper bridge arm VT1 and a first upper bridge diode VD1, the second power switch unit comprises a second lower bridge arm VT2 and a second lower bridge diode VD2, the third power switch unit comprises a third upper bridge arm VT3 and a third upper bridge diode VD3, the fourth power switch unit comprises a fourth lower bridge arm VT 25 and a fourth lower bridge diode VD4, the fifth power switch unit comprises a fifth upper bridge arm VT5 and a fifth upper bridge diode VD5, the sixth power switch unit comprises a sixth lower bridge arm VT 85 and a sixth lower bridge diode VD6, the seventh power switch unit comprises a seventh upper bridge arm VT 48 and a seventh upper bridge diode VD7, the eighth power switch unit comprises an eighth lower bridge arm VT8 and an eighth lower bridge diode VD8, the ninth power switching unit comprises a ninth upper bridge arm VT9 and a ninth upper bridge diode VD9, the tenth power switching unit comprises a tenth lower bridge arm VT10 and a tenth lower bridge diode VD10, the eleventh power switching unit comprises an eleventh upper bridge arm VT11 and an eleventh upper bridge diode VD11, and the twelfth power switching unit comprises a twelfth lower bridge arm VT12 and a twelfth lower bridge diode VD 12.
The first end of the first power switch unit, the first end of the third power switch unit, the first end of the fifth power switch unit, the first end of the seventh power switch unit, the first end of the ninth power switch unit and the first end of the eleventh power switch unit are connected in common to form a first junction end, and the second end of the second power switch unit, the second end of the fourth power switch unit, the second end of the sixth power switch unit, the second end of the eighth power switch unit, the second end of the tenth power switch unit and the second end of the twelfth power switch unit are connected in common to form a second junction end; a capacitor C1 is disposed between the first bus bar end and the second bus bar end.
In order to understand the structure of the motor coil 12 in the present embodiment more clearly, the following description describes the structure of the motor coil 12 by taking some examples of circuit structures, and meanwhile, some examples below are only used for illustrating the structure of the motor coil 12 and should not be taken as evidence for limiting the present application:
for example, taking the exemplary circuit structure shown in FIG. 3 as an example, n is the same 1 ＝n 2 ＝2，m 1 ＝m 2 ＝3，T 1 ＝T 2 ＝2，J 1 ＝J 2 2, one neutral line of the first winding unit N1 is connected to one neutral line of the second winding unit N2, and the first winding unitThe other neutral line of N1 is connected with the other neutral line of the second winding unit N2.
For example, taking the exemplary circuit structure shown in FIG. 4 as an example, n is the same 1 ＝n 2 ＝2，m 1 ＝m 2 ＝3，T 1 ＝T 2 ＝2，J 1 ＝J 2 One neutral line of the first winding unit N1 is connected to one neutral line of the second winding unit N2, which is equal to 1.
For example, taking the exemplary circuit structure shown in FIG. 5 as an example, n is the same 1 ＝n 2 ＝2，m 1 ＝m 2 ＝3，T 1 ＝T 2 ＝1，J 1 ＝J 2 After two neutral points in the first winding unit N1 are connected in common, the two neutral points are connected to a common connection point formed by two neutral points in the second winding unit N2.
For example, the exemplary circuit structure diagram shown in fig. 6 is taken as an example, and at this time, the exemplary circuit structure diagram shown in fig. 4 is taken as an example, and n is at this time 1 ＝n 2 ＝2，m 1 ＝m 2 ＝3，T 1 ＝T 2 ＝1，J 1 ＝J 2 One neutral wire of the first winding unit N1 and one neutral wire of the second winding unit N2 are connected outside the motor coil 12 at 1.
In this embodiment, coil branch number through setting up each phase winding in motor coil 12, adjustment motor coil 12 produces the inductance value, and be favorable to the adjustment to flow through motor coil 12's battery discharge current ripple, simultaneously when electric current passes through each coil branch, can pass through electric current production heat through each coil branch, motor winding coil generates heat and heats the coolant liquid, heat the battery in letting in the battery package through the coolant liquid, battery discharge heat production and motor coil heat production heat battery combine in order to heat for battery 21, make this energy conversion device's flexibility promote greatly.
Further, as an embodiment of the present embodiment, the energy conversion apparatus further includes a controller, and the controller controls the current output by the power supply 2 to flow through the reversible PWM rectifier 11, flow into all phase windings of which one set of winding unit N1 is connected to the neutral line, flow through the neutral line, flow into all phase windings of which the other set of winding unit N2 is connected to the neutral line, pass through the reversible PWM rectifier 11, and flow back to the power supply 2.
Taking the example of the circuit structure shown in fig. 3 in which the battery 21 outputs a direct current as an example, the switch K2 and the switch K3 are closed, the precharge process of the capacitor C1 is completed through the resistor R, the switch K2 is opened, and the switch K1 is closed, the controller controls the current output by the power supply 2 to flow through the reversible PWM rectifier, all phase windings (i.e., zero axis current) connected to the neutral line of one set of winding unit, flow through the neutral line, flow into all phase windings (i.e., zero axis current) connected to the neutral line of the other set of winding unit, flow back to the power supply 2 through the reversible PWM rectifier, the current is passed through the motor winding coil, the motor winding coil generates heat to heat the coolant, and the battery is heated by passing the coolant into the battery pack.
In the present embodiment, the power supply 2 cooperates with the reversible PWM rectifier 11 and the motor coil 12, so that the current output by the power supply 2 passes through the motor coil 12, and the motor coil 12 generates heat to heat the battery 2.
Further, as an embodiment of the present embodiment, the controller controls the reversible PWM rectifier 11 according to an external signal, so that the current output by the power source 2 passes through the winding units in the motor coil 12 to generate a torque, and controls the magnitude and direction of the torque by controlling the current vectors formed by the current of each set of winding units on the orthogonal and the direct axes of the synchronous rotating coordinate system based on the magnetic field orientation of the motor rotor, and simultaneously controls the magnitude of the current vectors formed by the current flowing from all the phase windings of each set of winding units connected to the neutral line into all the phase windings of the other set of winding units connected to the neutral line on the zero axis of the synchronous rotating coordinate system based on the magnetic field orientation of the motor rotor.
When current passes through each phase winding in each set of winding unit, the current is used as a current vector, the current vector is decomposed in a synchronous rotating coordinate system based on the magnetic field orientation of the motor rotor, the corresponding vectors of the current vector on a direct axis, a quadrature axis and a zero axis are obtained, and the direction of the vector represents the direction of the current, so that the corresponding vectors of the current of each phase winding on the direct axis, the quadrature axis and the zero axis in the synchronous rotating coordinate system based on the magnetic field orientation of the motor rotor are obtained. Further, the currents of the windings of the phases in one set of winding units are resolved on the direct axis, the quadrature axis and the zero axis in a synchronous rotating coordinate system based on the magnetic field orientation of the motor rotor, so that the vector magnitude of the current of each set of winding units corresponding to the direct axis, the quadrature axis and the zero axis is obtained.
Similarly, each phase winding in each set of winding unit has an inductor and a resistor, when a current passes through the phase winding, voltages exist at two ends of each phase winding, and the inductors, the resistors and the voltages are converted in a synchronous rotating coordinate system based on the magnetic field orientation of the motor rotor, so that values of the inductors, the resistors and the voltages corresponding to the direct axis, the quadrature axis and the zero axis can be obtained.
The magnitude and direction of the torque formed by each set of winding units can be calculated according to the following formula (1):
Figure GDA0003715901990000111
where Tex represents the torque generated by the x-th winding unit, and m x Represents the number of phases of the winding of the x-th set of winding units, p represents the number of pole pairs of the motor,
Figure GDA0003715901990000112
represents the permanent magnet flux linkage of the motor i qx Representing the current vector formed by the x-th set of winding units on the quadrature axis, i dx Representing the current vector formed by the x-th set of winding units on the direct axis, L dx Represents the inductance formed by the x-th winding unit on the straight axis, L qx Representing the inductance formed on the quadrature axis by the xth winding unit.
The magnitude and direction of the torque generated by the motor coil can be calculated according to the following formula (2):
Figure GDA0003715901990000113
wherein Te represents the sum of torques generated by each set of windingsY represents the number of winding elements in the motor coil 12, Te k Represents the torque generated by the k-th set of winding units in the motor coil 12, k is more than or equal to 1, and k is a positive integer.
It should be noted that when current passes through each phase winding and each phase winding has a resistance, each phase winding should generate heat, and the heating power is I 2 R, I represents the current flowing through a phase winding, and R represents the resistance of a phase winding.
In the embodiment, the current, the resistance, the voltage and the inductance of each set of winding unit are specifically converted in a synchronous rotating coordinate system based on the magnetic field orientation of the motor rotor, so that the corresponding components of the current, the resistance, the voltage and the inductance of each set of winding unit on the direct axis, the quadrature axis and the zero axis are obtained, and the torque generated by each set of winding unit and the heating power generated by the motor coil are controlled by controlling the corresponding components of the current of each set of winding unit on the direct axis, the quadrature axis and the zero axis.
Further, as the present embodiment, the sum of the current vectors formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis by each set of winding units is zero, so that the total torque formed by each set of winding units is zero; the total torque is the sum of the torques formed by each set of winding units.
Because each phase winding in the embodiment forms each vertical projection corresponding to each phase winding on the plane of the rectangular-orthogonal axis coordinate system, the difference between each adjacent vertical projection is 360/m x . When the current passing through each phase winding in the x-th set of winding unit is equal in magnitude, the current passing through each phase winding forms a current vector on a direct axis, the current of each phase winding forms a current vector on a quadrature axis in the same way, the current vectors formed on the direct axis and the current vectors formed on the quadrature axis in the same way are added to obtain the sum of the current vectors formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis of each phase winding, at the moment, the magnitude of the sum of the current vectors formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis of each phase winding is equal, and the direction difference of the current vector sum formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis of each adjacent winding is 360/m x Therefore, the current vectors formed by the phase windings in the xth winding unit are added to obtain the direct-quadrature axis formed by the xth winding unitThe current vector is zero, that is, the torque generated by the winding unit of the x-th set is zero.
Therefore, when the control current passing through each phase winding in the winding unit of the x-th set is equal, the torque generated by the winding unit of the x-th set is zero, and according to the calculation method of the above formula (2), Te is zero, no torque is generated, and the vehicle should be in a parking state.
In the present embodiment, the sum of the current vectors formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis by each set of winding units is controlled to be zero, so that the torque formed by each set of winding units is zero, and the motor coil 12 does not generate torque, and since each phase winding in each set of winding units generates a current vector on the zero axis and the directions of the currents generated by each phase winding on the zero axis are the same, the current vectors generated by each set of winding units on the zero axis do not cancel each other, and therefore, the current vector generated by each set of winding units on the zero axis is not zero, and the current vector formed by each set of winding units on the zero axis is used for heating, so that the motor coil 12 generates heat to heat the battery 21.
Further, as an implementation manner of the present embodiment, the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by controlling the current passing through the first winding unit N1 is not equal to zero, so that the power supply 2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, the first winding unit N1, and the second winding unit N2 form a heating circuit.
Further, as an implementation manner of the embodiment, when the battery 21 is in different temperature conditions, the amount of heat required to be provided to the battery 21 is different, and therefore, the amount of heat generated by the motor coil needs to be adjusted, specifically, when the current vector generated by the winding unit of the x-th set on the direct axis and the quadrature axis is not solved, the heating power generated by the winding unit of the x-th set is m x Rs 0x (i 0x * ) 2 Wherein m is x Representing the number of winding phases, i, of the x-th set of winding elements 0x * Representing a target current vector, Rs, formed on the zero axis by the current passing through the x-th winding unit 0x And the phase resistance of each phase winding branch connected with the neutral wire in the x set of winding units is represented.
Need to noteIt is noted that, in the present embodiment, the magnitude of the current vector formed on the quadrature axis by the current passing through the first winding unit N1 and the magnitude of the current vector formed on the quadrature axis by the current passing through the second winding unit N2 may be controlled to be equal and opposite, and the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by the current passing through the first winding unit N1 may be controlled to be different from zero, so that the power supply 2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, the first winding unit N1, and the second winding unit N2 form a heating circuit. At this time, since the magnitude of the current vector formed on the direct-axis-quadrature axis by the current of the first winding unit N1 is equal to the magnitude of the current vector formed on the direct-axis-quadrature axis by the current passing through the second winding unit N2, and the directions are opposite, it is known that the magnitudes of the torques generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 are both zero according to the above formula (1), and the heating power generated by the xth winding unit is
Figure GDA0003715901990000131
Wherein m is x Number of winding phases, i, representing the x-th set of winding units 0x * Representing a target current vector Rs formed on a zero axis by the current passing through each phase winding in the x-th set of winding units 0x Represents the phase resistance of each phase winding branch connected with the neutral wire in the x set of winding units,
Figure GDA0003715901990000132
representing the sum of target current vectors formed by the current of each phase winding in the x set of winding units on a direct axis and a quadrature axis, Rs x Representing the phase resistance of each phase winding branch in the x-th set of winding units.
That is, in the present embodiment, the magnitude of the heating power can be controlled by the current vector generated in the zero axis for each set of winding units, and the magnitude of the heating power can also be controlled by controlling the current vector in the direct axis, quadrature axis, and zero axis for each set of winding units.
Specifically, taking the exemplary circuit configuration shown in fig. 3 as an example, the number of phases m 1-m 2-3, where the resistances of the coil branches of the phase windings in the winding units are the same, is calculated according to the following formula (3):
P 2 ＝3Rs 0 (i 01 *) 2 +3Rs 0 (i 02 *) 2 (3)
wherein, P 2 Represents the heating power generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2, i 01 Represents a target current vector formed on the zero axis by each phase winding in the first winding unit N1, i 02 Representing the target current vector, Rs, formed on the zero axis by each phase winding in the second winding unit N2 0 Represents the phase resistance of each phase winding branch connected with the neutral wire in the first winding unit N1 or the second winding unit N2.
Taking the example of the circuit configuration shown in fig. 3 as an example, the relationship between the heating power generated by the motor coil 12 and the heating power generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 can be expressed by the following formula (4):
Figure GDA0003715901990000141
wherein, the phase number m1 m 2P represents the heating power generated by the motor coil 12, P represents the heating power generated by the motor coil 12 1 Represents the heating power generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis, i s1 Represents the vector sum of the target direct-axis current id1 and the target quadrature-axis current iq1 formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis by the current passing through the first set of winding units N1, i s2 Represents the vector sum of the target direct-axis current id2 and the target quadrature-axis current iq2 formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis by the current passing through the second set of winding unit N2, Rs represents the phase resistance of each phase winding branch connected with the neutral line in the first winding unit N1 or the second winding unit N2, i s Represents the sum of target current vectors formed on a direct axis and a quadrature axis by the current passing through the first set of winding unit N1 and the second set of winding unit N2, i d Represents the sum of the target current vectors formed on the direct axis by the currents passing through the first set of winding unit N1 and the second set of winding unit N2, i q Represents a target current vector formed on the quadrature axis by the current passing through the first set of winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2Sum of the amounts.
According to the above formula (4), when the heating power P generated by the motor coil and the heating power P generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the zero axis are obtained 1 The heating power P generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis 2 Can calculate another heating power; meanwhile, when the heating power generated by one set of winding unit in the motor coil 12 and the heating power generated by the motor coil 12 are acquired, the heating power generated by the other set of winding unit in the motor coil 12 can be acquired.
In addition, since the direction of the current from the reversible PWM rectifier 11 to the first winding unit N1 is defined as the positive direction in the present embodiment, the current vector is greater than zero at this time; the direction of the current from the second winding unit N1 to the reversible PWM rectifier 11 is defined as the negative direction, when the current vector is less than zero. In the formed heating circuit, the relationship between the currents passing through the windings of the respective phases in the first and second sets of winding units N1 and N2 may be expressed by the following equation (5):
Figure GDA0003715901990000151
where m1 represents the number of phases of the first set of winding elements, m2 represents the number of phases of the second set of winding elements, i1 1 、i1 2、… i1 m1 Representing the current of the first, second, … m1 phase winding of the first set of winding elements, i2 1 、i2 2、… i2 m2 Representing the current of the first phase, the second phase, … phase m2 winding of the first set of winding elements. The number of phases m1, m2, 3, ia represents the current through winding a in the first set of winding units N1, ib represents the current through winding B in the first set of winding units N1, ic represents the current through winding C in the first set of winding units N1, iu represents the current through winding U in the second set of winding units N1, iv represents the current through winding V in the second set of winding units N1, iw represents the current through winding W in the second set of winding units N1, iw represents the current through winding a in the second set of winding units N1, and i represents the current through winding a in the first set of winding units N3526 01 Through the representation ofCurrent in zero axis, i, of each phase winding in a winding unit N1 02 Through a current representing the zero axis of each phase winding in the second winding unit N2.
Note that equation (5) applies to the case where the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 each include a three-phase winding, and when the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 each include a four-phase winding (the four-phase windings of the first winding unit N1 are: winding a, winding B, winding C, and winding D, respectively, and the four-phase windings of the second winding unit N2 are: winding U, winding V, winding W, and winding X, respectively), that is, the number of phases m1 m2 4, i 01 ＝(ia+ib+ic+id)/4，i 02 I u + iv + iw + ix/4, ia + ib + ic + id + iu + iv + iw + ix is 0, where id denotes the current through winding D in the first winding unit N1 and ix denotes the current through winding X in the second winding unit N2. By analogy, a person skilled in the art should be able to deduce the relationship between the currents through the windings of the phases in the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 when the windings of the other number of phases are included in the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2.
According to the formula (5), when five values of the current ia passing through the winding a in the first set of winding unit N1, the current ib passing through the winding B in the first set of winding unit N1, the current ic passing through the winding C in the first set of winding unit N1, the current iu passing through the winding U in the second set of winding unit N1, the current iv passing through the winding V in the second set of winding unit N1 and the current iw passing through the winding W in the second set of winding unit N1 are acquired, another value can be calculated, and the current average value i of the first winding unit N1 can be calculated and acquired 01 Average value i of the current of the second winding unit N2 02 。
Meanwhile, since the magnitude of the current flowing into the first winding unit N1 is equal to the magnitude of the current output from the second winding unit N2, the magnitude of the current passing through one of the two sets of winding units can be controlled by controlling the magnitude of the current passing through the other set of winding units.
Further, as an implementation manner of the present embodiment, the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding units is controlled to be a constant value.
Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, when i 01 When the voltage is greater than zero, the power supply 2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 form a heating circuit; the power supply 2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, the first winding unit N1, and the second winding unit N2 form a heating energy storage loop, specifically, the current output by the power supply 2 flows through the reversible PWM rectifier 11 (the first upper bridge arm VT1, the third upper bridge arm VT3, and the fifth upper bridge arm VT5), flows into the first winding unit N1, flows through a neutral line, flows into the second winding unit N2, flows through the reversible PWM rectifier 11 (the eighth lower bridge arm VT8, the tenth lower bridge arm VT10, and the twelfth lower bridge arm VT12), and flows back to the power supply 2, and the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 complete energy storage; the first winding unit N1, the second winding unit N2 and the reversible PWM rectifier 11 form a heating and heat release loop, the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 output currents, and the currents flow back to the first winding unit N1 through the reversible PWM rectifier 11 (an eighth lower bridge arm VT8, a tenth lower bridge arm VT10, a twelfth lower bridge arm VT12, a second lower bridge diode VD2, a fourth lower bridge diode VD4 and a sixth lower bridge diode VD6), and the energy is stored and released by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, when i 01 When the voltage is less than zero, the power supply 2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, the second winding unit N2 and the first winding unit N1 form a heating circuit; the power supply 2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, the second winding unit N2, and the first winding unit N1 form a heating energy storage loop, specifically, the current output by the power supply 2 flows through the reversible PWM rectifier 11 (the seventh upper bridge diode VD7, the ninth upper bridge diode VD9, and the eleventh upper bridge diode VD11), flows into the second winding unit N2, flows through a neutral line, flows into the first winding unit N1, flows through the reversible PWM rectifier 11 (the second lower bridge arm VT2, the fourth lower bridge arm VT4, and the sixth lower bridge arm VT6), and flows back to the power supply 2, and the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 complete energy storage; the second winding unit N2, the first winding unit N1 and the reversible PWM rectifier 11 form a heating energy release loop, the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 output current, and the current passes through the reversible PWM rectifier11 (a second lower bridge arm VT2, a fourth lower bridge arm VT4, a sixth lower bridge arm VT6, an eighth lower bridge diode VD8, a tenth lower bridge diode VD10, and a twelfth lower bridge diode VD12) flow back to the second winding unit N2, and the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 store and release energy.
In the present embodiment, the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding units is controlled to be a constant value, and the heating energy storage circuit or the heating energy release circuit is formed, so that the reversible PWM rectifier 11 can realize the heating process of the motor coil 12 only by using a part of the power switches, and the larger the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding units is controlled, the larger the heating power generated by the motor coil 12 is.
Further, as an implementation manner of the present embodiment, the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding units is controlled to change according to a sinusoidal law, so that the power supply 2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, the first winding unit N1, and the second winding unit N2 form a heating circuit; the power supply, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, the first winding unit N1, and the second winding unit N2 form a heating energy storage circuit, the first winding unit N1, the second winding unit N2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, and the power supply 2 form a heating energy release circuit, or the first winding unit N1, the second winding unit N2, and the reversible PWM rectifier 11 form a heating energy release circuit.
Specifically, when the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding units is controlled to vary according to a sinusoidal law, the power supply 2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, the first winding unit N1, and the second winding unit N2 form a heating circuit.
When the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding unit changes according to the sine law, the power supply 2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, the first winding unit N1, and the second winding unit N2 form a heating energy storage circuit, the first winding unit N1, the second winding unit N2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, and the power supply 2 form a heating energy release circuit, or the first winding unit N1, the second winding unit N2, and the reversible PWM rectifier 11 form a heating energy release circuit.
As shown in fig. 11 and 13, when the power supply 2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, the first winding unit N1, and the second winding unit N2 form a heating energy storage circuit, the current output by the power supply 2 flows through the reversible PWM rectifier 11 (the first upper arm VT1, the third upper arm VT3, and the fifth upper arm VT5), flows into the first winding unit N1, flows through the neutral line, flows into the second winding unit N2, flows through the reversible PWM rectifier 11 (the eighth lower arm VT8, the tenth lower arm VT10, and the twelfth lower arm VT12), flows back to the power supply 2, and the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 complete energy storage; or, the current output by the power supply 2 flows into the second winding unit N2 through the reversible PWM rectifier 11 (the seventh upper bridge diode VD7, the ninth upper bridge diode VD9, and the eleventh upper bridge diode VD11), passes through a neutral line, flows into the first winding unit N1, flows through the reversible PWM rectifier 11 (the second lower bridge arm VT2, the fourth lower bridge arm VT4, and the sixth lower bridge arm VT6), and flows back to the power supply 2, and the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 complete energy storage.
As shown in fig. 12 and 14, when the first winding unit N1, the second winding unit N2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, and the power supply 2 form a heat energy-adding and releasing circuit, the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 output currents, which pass through the reversible PWM rectifier 11 (the seventh upper bridge diode VD7, the ninth upper bridge diode VD9, and the eleventh upper bridge diode VD11), flow into the first end of the power supply 2, flow out from the second end of the power supply 2, pass through the reversible PWM rectifier 11 (the second lower bridge VD2, the fourth lower bridge VD4, and the sixth lower bridge VD6), flow back to the first winding unit N1, and store energy and release energy in the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2; or, the current output by the second winding unit N2 and the current output by the first winding unit N1 passes through the reversible PWM rectifier 11 (the first upper bridge diode VD1, the third upper bridge diode VD3, and the fifth upper bridge diode VD5), then flows into the first end of the power supply 2, flows out from the second end of the power supply 2, passes through the reversible PWM rectifier 11 (the eighth lower bridge diode VD8, the tenth lower bridge diode VD10, and the twelfth lower bridge diode VD12), and flows back to the second winding unit N2, and the stored energy in the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 is released.
As shown in fig. 8 and 10, when the first winding unit N1, the second winding unit N2, and the reversible PWM rectifier 11 form a heat energy release circuit, the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 output currents, which flow back to the first winding unit N1 through the reversible PWM rectifier 11, and the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 store energy and release energy; or, the output currents of the second winding unit N2 and the first winding unit N1 flow back to the second winding unit N2 through the reversible PWM rectifier 11, and the stored energy of the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 is released.
In the present embodiment, the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding unit is controlled to change according to the sine rule, so that each bridge arm in the reversible PWM rectifier 11 can work, meanwhile, the heating power of each set of winding unit is equal, the power of different windings is balanced, each set of winding unit is uniformly distributed in the motor coil 12, the heating is uniformly distributed, overheating of a certain set of winding unit is prevented, each power device in the upper and lower bridge arms is used in a balanced manner, the on-off process of the power switch in each bridge arm is more balanced, the heating of each phase of bridge arm of the reversible PWM rectifier is balanced, and the average service life of the reversible PWM rectifier 11 is more balanced.
Further, as an implementation manner of this embodiment, the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding units is as follows
Figure GDA0003715901990000191
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003715901990000192
the amplitude of a target current vector formed on the zero axis by each phase winding in each set of winding unit is represented, w represents the angular speed of the change of the amplitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding unit, f represents the change frequency of the amplitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding unit, and t represents the time.
In the present embodiment, the duty ratio of the conduction of the bridge arm in the reversible PWM rectifier 11 is controlled so that each i is 0 * The current of each set of winding unit changes in a sine way, the amplitudes of the current vectors formed on the zero axis are adjusted according to the temperature of the battery, and the amplitudes of the current vectors are consistent
Figure GDA0003715901990000193
And the change frequency of the amplitude value, the charging and discharging power and the charging and discharging current frequency of the battery are adjusted, the heating power and the charging and discharging frequency of the battery are adjusted, the battery is in the optimal heating state at the current temperature, the current is introduced into the motor winding to generate heat in combination with the motor winding, and the heating cooling liquid for heating the motor winding is introduced into the battery cooling loop through the cooling liquid to heat the battery.
Further, as an embodiment of the present embodiment, the heating power generated by each set of winding units may also be formed by currents on the direct axis and the quadrature axis.
Specifically, taking the example of the circuit structure shown in fig. 3 as an example, at this time, the current flowing through the first winding unit N1 is equal to the current flowing through the second winding unit N2, and the directions are opposite. That is, according to the calculation method of the above equation (1), it can be known that the torque generated by the first winding unit N1 and the torque generated by the second winding unit N2 are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction; according to the calculation method of the above equation (2), when Te is zero, no torque is generated and the vehicle should be in a parking state. However, since the current vector formed by the current passing through each set of winding units on the direct axis and the quadrature axis is not zero, the current formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis should also generate heat.
Further, the x-th set of winding units generates heating power of
Figure GDA0003715901990000201
Wherein m is x Representing the number of winding phases, i, of the x-th set of winding elements 0x * Representing a target current vector Rs formed on the zero axis by the current passing through each phase winding in the x-th set of winding units 0x Represents the phase resistance of each phase winding branch connected with the neutral wire in the x set of winding units,
Figure GDA0003715901990000202
representing the sum of target current vectors formed by the current of each phase winding in the x set of winding units on a direct axis and a quadrature axis, Rs x Representing the phase resistance of each phase winding branch in the x-th set of winding units.
Take the circuit structure example diagram shown in FIG. 3 as an example, control i s1 *＝-i s2 *，i 01 *＝-i 02 Calculating the heating power P generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis according to the formula (4) 1 The heating power P generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis 1 When the target heating power is larger than or equal to the target heating power required to be generated by the motor coil 12, the current vectors generated by the phase windings in the first winding unit N1 and/or the second winding unit N2 on the zero axis do not need to be controlled, and the heating power P generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis meets the heating requirement.
When the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 generate heating power P on the direct axis and the quadrature axis 1 The heating power P generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis 1 When the target heating power is less than the target heating power required to be generated by the motor coil 12, a target current vector i formed on the zero axis by each phase winding in the first winding unit N1 is calculated according to the formula (4) 01 Target current vector i formed on zero axis by each phase winding in second winding unit N2 02 So that the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 generate heating power P on the direct axis and the quadrature axis 1 Heating power P generated on the zero axis with the first and second winding units N1 and N2 2 The sum is more than or equal to the target heating power required to be generated by the motor coil 12, the heating requirement is met, and i is calculated q1 *、i d1 *、i q2 *、i d2 *、i 0 *、i s1 *、i s2 *、i s And control the phase windings passing through the motor coil 12 to i q1 *、i d1 *、i q2 *、i d2 *、i 0 *、i s1 *、i s2 *、i s *。
In the present embodiment, when the heating power generated by the first winding unit N1 is P/4, the heating power generated by the second winding unit N2 should be 3P/4; when the heating power generated by the first winding unit N1 is P/2, the heating power generated by the second winding unit N2 should be P/2. Or when the heating power generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the zero axis is P/4, the heating power generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis should be 3P/4; when the heating power generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the zero axis is P/2, the heating power generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis should be P/2.
In the present embodiment, the heating power can be generated by the current formed on the direct axis, the quadrature axis, and the zero axis by the current of each set of winding units, and it is preferable to control the heating power generated by the current formed on the zero axis, and a large heating power can be realized.
Further, as an implementation manner of the present embodiment, the heating power generated by each set of winding units may also be formed by currents on a direct axis and a quadrature axis, and a current vector formed on a zero axis by the current passing through each set of winding units varies according to a sinusoidal law.
Specifically, taking the exemplary circuit structure shown in fig. 3 as an example, at this time, the current flowing through the first winding unit N1 and the current flowing through the second winding unit N2 are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. That is, according to the calculation method of the above equation (1), it can be known that the torque generated by the first winding unit N1 and the torque generated by the second winding unit N2 are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction; according to the calculation method of the above equation (2), when Te is zero, no torque is generated and the vehicle should be in a parking state. However, since the current vectors formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis by the current passing through each set of winding units are not zero, at this time, the current formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis should also generate heat, and the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by the current passing through each set of winding units varies according to a sinusoidal law, and the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by the current passing through each set of winding units in the above embodiment varies according to the sinusoidal law, which is not described herein again.
In this embodiment, the current formed on the direct axis, the quadrature axis and the zero axis through the current of each set of winding unit can generate the heating power, and the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding unit changes according to the sine rule, so that the reversible PWM rectifier 11 is more balanced in use, the service life of the reversible PWM rectifier 11 is prolonged, the effect of generating heat of the motor coil 12 is higher, and meanwhile, no torque is provided for the vehicle, so that the vehicle cannot be braked.
In addition, in the present embodiment, when the energy conversion device is in the heating and charging and discharging mode, taking the energy conversion device in the heating and charging mode as an example, the dc charging and discharging port 22 outputs dc power, a part of which flows to the battery 21 to charge the battery 21, and the other part of which flows to the reversible PWM rectifier 11 to heat the motor coil 12. The sum of the current vectors formed by each winding unit in the motor coil 12 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis is controlled to be zero, so that the total torque formed by each set of winding units is zero, the motor coil 12 does not generate torque, and the current vectors formed by each winding unit on the zero axis, the direct axis and the quadrature axis are used for heating, so that the motor coil 12 generates heating. Since the above-mentioned method for heating by using the current vectors formed by the winding units on the zero axis, the direct axis and the quadrature axis has been described, the detailed description thereof is omitted.
Further, as an implementation manner of the present embodiment, the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by the current passing through the first winding unit N1 is controlled not to be equal to zero, and the magnitudes of the torques generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 are controlled not to be equal to zero, so that the power source 2, the reversible PWM rectifier 11, and the motor coil 12 form a heating circuit and a driving circuit.
As can be understood from equation (1), the torque generated by the first winding unit N1 can be calculated by the following equation:
Figure GDA0003715901990000221
where Te1 represents the torque produced by the first set of winding elements, m 1 Representing the number of phases of the windings of the first set of winding elements, p representing the number of pole pairs of the machine,
Figure GDA0003715901990000231
represents the permanent magnet flux linkage of the motor i q1 Representing the current vector formed by the first set of winding elements on the quadrature axis, i d1 Representing the current vector formed by the first set of winding elements on the direct axis, L d1 Representing the inductance formed by the first winding element in the direct axis, L q1 Representing the inductance formed by the first winding unit on the quadrature axis.
Figure GDA0003715901990000232
Where Te2 represents the torque generated by the second set of winding elements, m 2 Representing the number of phases of the windings of the second set of winding units, p representing the number of pole pairs of the motor,
Figure GDA0003715901990000233
represents the permanent magnet flux linkage of the motor i q2 Representing the current vector formed by the second set of winding elements on the quadrature axis, i d2 Representing the current vector formed by the second set of winding elements on the direct axis, L d2 Representing the inductance, L, formed in the direct axis of the second winding element q2 Representing the inductance formed by the second winding unit on the quadrature axis.
It is known from equation (2) that the torque generated by the motor coil 12 at this time is Te1+ Te 2. Meanwhile, according to the formula (4), the heating power generated by the motor coil 12 is the heating power P generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis at this time 1 Heating power P generated on the zero axis with the first and second winding units N1 and N2 2 And (4) summing.
Taking the exemplary circuit structure shown in fig. 3 as an example, since each phase winding includes two coil branches, the heating power generated by the first winding unit N1 can be calculated by the following equation (8):
Figure GDA0003715901990000234
wherein, P 11 The heating power, P, generated on the direct axis and the quadrature axis by the windings of the respective phases of the first winding element N1 12 The heating power generated on the direct axis and the quadrature axis by each phase winding of the second winding unit N2 is represented.
In the present embodiment, id1, iq1, id2, and iq2 are calculated from the torque Te1 generated by the first set of winding units and the torque Te2 generated by the second set of winding units, specifically, the magnitude of the respective winding units satisfying the torque is found by means of table lookup, and id1, iq1, id2, and iq2 are minimized, and the heating powers P2-P1 generated by id1, iq1, id2, and iq2 on the zero axis by substituting the heating powers P2 generated by id1, iq 3745, and second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis into formula (8), and the heating powers P2 generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the zero axis is calculated from formula (5), and the control is performed by calculating P639 from P639. The lookup table can be a table for querying the current and voltage tracks of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor in the operation process, and id1, iq1, id2 and iq2 are minimum while the magnitude of the torque is obtained according to the table lookup of MTPA and MTPV.
In addition, when the motor coil 12 needs to generate the target torque, the currents generated on the direct axis and the quadrature axis are mainly based on the torque output, preferably, the current vectors formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 are the smallest, the partial heating powers generated on the direct axis and the quadrature axis by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 are mainly controlled by the magnitude of the current vectors on the zero axis of the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 to meet the requirement of the motor coil 12 for the heating power, and the larger the current vector on the zero axis of the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 is, the larger the heating power generated on the zero axis by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 is.
In the present embodiment, the motor can be driven by generating torque by the current formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis by the current passing through each set of winding units, and the heating power can be generated not only by the current formed on the zero axis by the current passing through each set of winding units but also by the current formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis by the current passing through each set of winding units.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the torque generated by the motor coil 12 is Te1+ Te2, that is, the sum of the torque generated by the first winding unit N1 and the torque generated by the second winding unit N2 is Te. For example, the torque generated by the first winding unit N1 and the torque generated by the second winding unit N2 are both Te/2, the torque generated by the first winding unit N1 is-Te/2, and the torque generated by the second winding unit N2 is 3 Te/2.
Further, as an embodiment of the present embodiment, when the torque generated by the first winding unit N1 is equal to the torque generated by the second winding unit N2, the torque generated by the first winding unit N1 is Te/2 as the torque generated by the second winding unit N2, the direction of the torque generated by the first winding unit N1 is the same as the direction of the torque generated by the second winding unit N2, and the direction and the magnitude of the current formed on the direct axis, the quadrature axis, and the zero axis by the current passing through the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 are the same.
Specifically, the sum of current vectors formed by the current passing through each set of winding units on the direct axis, the quadrature axis and the zero axis is controlled to change according to a sine rule, that is, the output current of each set of winding units changes according to the sine rule and has equal amplitude, so that the output power of each set of winding units is the same and is kept consistent.
In the present embodiment, by controlling the sum of the current vectors formed on the direct axis, the quadrature axis, and the zero axis by the current passing through each set of winding units to change according to the sine rule, the heat generated by each set of winding units is the same, so that each bridge arm in the reversible PWM rectifier 11 is used in a balanced manner, and the service life of the reversible PWM rectifier 11 is prolonged.
Further, as an implementation manner of this embodiment, the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding units is controlled to change according to a sinusoidal law, and in the above implementation manner, the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by the current of each set of winding units is described to change according to a sinusoidal law, which is not described again here.
Specifically, the actual current passing through each phase winding in each set of winding unit is obtained through collection and calculation, and the actual zero-axis current, the actual direct-axis current and the actual quadrature-axis current of each phase winding in each set of winding unit are obtained; calculating the heat quantity required to be generated by the motor coil 12 according to the temperature of the environment where the battery 2 is located, the direct current and the direct current voltage output by the battery 2, and calculating the target heating power required to be generated by the motor coil 12 according to the heat quantity required to be generated by the motor coil 12; and calculating to obtain the target torque required to be generated by the motor coil 12 according to the braking requirement of the vehicle, wherein the target torque required to be generated by the motor coil 12 is the sum of the torques generated by each set of winding units. Taking the exemplary circuit structure shown in fig. 3 as an example, on the premise that the sum of the torques generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 is equal to the target torque required to be generated by the motor coil 12, the torques required to be generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 are respectively distributed, and the minimum current vector i formed by the first winding unit N1 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis is obtained by looking up the table according to the torques required to be generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 d1 、i q1 And the minimum current vector i formed by the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis d2 、i q2 (ii) a I to be obtained d1 、i q1 、i d2 、i q2 The target direct-axis current and the target quadrature-axis current of the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis are substituted into the above formula (8), and the sum P of the heating powers generated by the windings of the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis is calculated 1 (ii) a The target heating power P required to be generated by the motor coil 12, and the sum P of the heating powers generated by the windings of the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis 1 Substituting into the above equation (4), the heating power P generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 is obtained 2 And obtaining the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N1 according to the above equation (4) and equation (5)Target zero-axis current i required on zero-axis by winding unit N2 01 *、i 02 *. Target direct-axis current, target quadrature-axis current and target zero-axis current (i) on direct axis, quadrature axis and zero axis according to the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 d1 、i q1 、i d2 、i q2 、i 01 *、i 02 Actual zero-axis current, actual direct-axis current and actual quadrature-axis current of each phase winding of the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 adjust the duty ratio of the bridge arm of the reversible PWM rectifier 11, wherein the duty ratio obtained by the zero-axis current closed-loop control of each set of winding units is added with the direct-axis current and the quadrature-axis current obtained by the vector control of each phase duty ratio to obtain the total duty ratio of each phase bridge arm of the reversible PWM rectifier, so that the current passing through each winding unit meets the target current vector of each winding unit on the direct axis and the quadrature axis on the zero axis, the direct axis and the quadrature axis.
Compared with the embodiment in which the sum of the current vectors formed on the direct axis, the quadrature axis and the zero axis by controlling the current passing through each set of winding units changes according to the sine rule, the reversible PWM rectifier 11 has more balanced use of each phase of bridge arms, and particularly, when the sum of the current vectors formed on the direct axis, the quadrature axis and the zero axis by controlling the current passing through each set of winding units changes according to the sine rule, the time for conducting and switching of the upper bridge arm or the lower bridge arm of each phase of bridge arm is not balanced enough, but the time for conducting and switching of the upper bridge arm or the lower bridge arm of each phase of bridge arm is more balanced by controlling the size of the current vector formed on the zero axis by controlling each set of winding units according to the sine rule in the embodiment.
It should be noted that the x-th set of winding units generates heating power of
Figure GDA0003715901990000261
Wherein m is x Representing the number of winding phases, i, of the x-th set of winding elements 0x * Representing a target current vector Rs formed on a zero axis by the current passing through each phase winding in the x-th set of winding units 0x Representing the phase of each phase winding branch connected with the neutral line in the x-th set of winding unitsThe resistance of the resistor is set to be,
Figure GDA0003715901990000262
representing the sum of target current vectors formed by the current of each phase winding in the x set of winding units on a direct axis and a quadrature axis, Rs x Representing the phase resistance of each phase winding branch in the x-th set of winding units.
In the embodiment, the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding units is controlled to change according to a sine rule, and the currents formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis by the currents passing through each set of winding units generate heating power, so that the heat generated by each set of winding units is the same, and each bridge arm in the reversible PWM rectifier 11 is used more uniformly, and the reversible PWM rectifier 11 has longer service life and more uniform service life.
Further, as an implementation manner of the present embodiment, the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by the current passing through each set of winding units is controlled to be zero according to the method
Figure GDA0003715901990000271
The heating power generated by each set of winding units can be calculated.
At the moment, a current and voltage track table in the running process of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor is inquired to obtain target current vectors formed by each set of winding unit on a direct axis and a quadrature axis, and the target current vectors are obtained according to the target current vectors
Figure GDA0003715901990000272
The heating power which can be generated by each set of winding units is calculated, so that the sum of the heating power which can be generated by each set of winding units can reach the target heating power which needs to be generated by the motor coil 12. That is to say, when the target torque that the motor coil 12 needs to generate is constant, the larger the target heating power that the motor coil 12 needs to generate is, the larger the target current vector that each set of winding units forms on the direct axis and the quadrature axis obtained by looking up the table is, and the magnitude of the current vector that the current passing through each set of winding units forms on the direct axis and the quadrature axis is controlled to meet the target torque and the target heating power that the motor coil 12 needs to generate.
In the present embodiment, the magnitude of the current vector formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis by the current passing through each set of winding units is controlled to control the heating power generated by the motor coil 12, and the motor coil 12 generates the torque, thereby realizing the driving while heating.
Further, as an implementation manner of this embodiment, the reversible PWM rectifier 11 is connected to a controller, the controller obtains an actual zero axis current, an actual direct axis current, an actual quadrature axis current of each phase winding in each set of winding units, and is further configured to obtain a target heating power required to be generated by the motor coil 12 and a target torque required to be generated by the motor coil 12, obtain a target zero axis current, a target direct axis current, and a target quadrature axis current required by each set of winding units in the direct axis, the quadrature axis, and the zero axis according to the target heating power required to be generated by the motor coil 12 and the target torque required to be generated by the motor coil 12, obtain a duty ratio of a bridge arm of the reversible PWM rectifier 11 connected to each set of winding units according to the target zero axis current, the target direct axis current, the target quadrature axis current, and the actual zero axis current, the actual direct axis current, and the actual quadrature axis current passing through each phase winding unit, and the duty ratio obtained by the zero-axis current closed-loop control of each set of windings is respectively added with the duty ratio of each phase obtained by the direct-axis current and the quadrature-axis current through vector control to obtain the total duty ratio of each phase of bridge arm of the reversible PWM rectifier.
In the present embodiment, the amount of heat that needs to be generated by the motor coil 12 is calculated from the temperature of the environment in which the battery 2 is located, the dc current and the dc voltage output by the battery 2, the target heating power that needs to be generated by the motor coil 12 is obtained from the amount of heat, and the target torque that needs to be generated by the motor coil 12 is obtained from the driving demand of the vehicle.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining target torques required to be generated by each winding unit according to the target torques required to be generated by the motor coil 12, simultaneously looking up a table to obtain the minimum current vectors of each winding unit on the direct axis and the quadrature axis, taking the minimum current vectors of each winding unit on the direct axis and the quadrature axis as the target current vectors of each winding unit on the direct axis and the quadrature axis, calculating the heating powers generated by each winding unit on the direct axis and the quadrature axis according to the target current vectors of each winding unit on the direct axis and the quadrature axis, and when the sum of the heating powers generated by each winding unit on the direct axis and the quadrature axis is larger than or equal to the target heating power required to be generated by the motor coil 12, adjusting the current vectors of each winding unit on the zero axis is not needed, so that the requirement of the heating power required by the motor coil is met.
When the sum of the heating powers generated by the winding units on the direct axis and the quadrature axis is less than the target heating power required to be generated by the motor coil 12, the target heating power required to be generated by each winding unit is calculated according to the target heating power required to be generated by the motor coil 12 and the heating power generated by each winding unit on the direct axis and the quadrature axis, calculating the current vector required by each phase winding on the zero axis in each winding unit according to the target heating power required by each winding unit, taking the current vector required by each phase winding on the zero axis in each winding unit as the target current vector of each phase winding on the zero axis in each winding unit, and controlling and adjusting the duty ratio of the bridge arm of the reversible PWM rectifier 11, so that the current passing through each winding unit meets the target current vector of each winding unit on the direct axis and the quadrature axis.
Specifically, taking the exemplary circuit configuration diagram shown in fig. 3 as an example, the target torque required to be generated by the first winding unit N1 and the target torque required to be generated by the second winding unit N2 are distributed according to the target torque required to be generated by the motor coil 12 and formula (2), and a table is looked up according to the target torque required to be generated by the first winding unit N1 to obtain the minimum current vector i formed by the first winding unit N1 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis d1 、i q1 Looking up a table according to the target torque required to be generated by the second winding unit N2 to obtain the minimum current vector i formed by the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis d2 、i q2 A is to i d1 、i q1 、i d2 、i q2 The first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 form target current vectors on a direct axis and a quadrature axis, i d1 、i q1 、i d2 、i q2 The first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 are obtained by substituting the formula (8) into the formula (8)Upper generated heating power P 1 Heating power P generated by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 on the direct axis and the quadrature axis 1 Compared with the target heating power needed to be generated by the motor coil 12, the heating power P generated on the direct axis and the quadrature axis when the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 are used 1 When the target heating power required to be generated by the motor coil 12 is greater than or equal to the target heating power, the current vectors of the winding units on the zero axis do not need to be adjusted, and the heating power required by the motor coil is met.
When the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 generate heating power P on the direct axis and the quadrature axis 1 When the target heating power is less than the target heating power required to be generated by the motor coil 12, the target heating power required to be generated on the zero axis by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 is obtained according to the formula (4), and the target zero axis current i required on the zero axis by the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 is obtained according to the formula (4) and the formula (5) 01 *、i 02 *. Target direct-axis current, target quadrature-axis current and target zero-axis current (i) on direct axis, quadrature axis and zero axis according to the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 d1 、i q1 、i d2 、i q2 、i 01 *、i 02 Actual zero-axis current, actual direct-axis current and actual quadrature-axis current of each phase winding of the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 adjust the duty ratio of the bridge arm of the reversible PWM rectifier 11, so that the current passing through each winding unit meets the target current vector of each winding unit on the direct axis and the quadrature axis and reaches the target current vector on the zero axis, the direct axis and the quadrature axis.
In the present embodiment, the purpose of adjusting the heating power of the motor coil 12 is achieved by adjusting the duty ratio of the arm of the reversible PWM rectifier 11.
In this embodiment, by using an energy conversion device including a reversible PWM rectifier 11 and a motor coil 12, after the energy conversion device is connected to an external power supply 2, the energy conversion device can select one of a heating mode, a heating mode and a driving mode to operate, the current passing through each set of winding units forms a corresponding current vector on a synchronous rotating coordinate system based on the magnetic field orientation of a motor rotor, and controls the torque and the heating power of the motor coil 12 by controlling the current vectors and the direction on a direct axis, a quadrature axis and a zero axis, and specifically can control the current passing through each set of winding units to change according to a sinusoidal rule, so that the bridge arms of each phase in the reversible PWM rectifier 11 are used more evenly, and the current input by the power supply 2 generates heat through the motor coil 12 to heat the battery 21 without adding a separate battery heating device to heat the battery 21, or utilize external equipment heat production to go on simultaneously for the battery heating, can also realize heating and drive simultaneously, utilize electric machine coil 12 to heat the battery, solved prior art and had included the heating control circuit structure of electric automobile's battery complicated, the integrated level is low, bulky and with high costs problem.
Further, another embodiment of the present application also provides an energy conversion apparatus, including:
the motor coil 12 at least comprises a first winding unit N1 and a second winding unit N2, wherein at least one neutral wire is led out of the first winding unit, at least one neutral wire is led out of the second winding unit N2, and at least one of the neutral wires of the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2 is connected;
and the reversible PWM rectifier 11 is respectively connected with the first winding unit N1 and the second winding unit N2, the first ends of the bridge arms of each phase in the reversible PWM rectifier are connected together to form a first bus end, and the second ends of the bridge arms of each phase in the reversible PWM rectifier are connected together to form a second bus end.
In addition, as shown in fig. 15, the reversible PWM rectifier 11 may be connected to the charge and discharge connection terminal group 3 and/or the energy storage connection terminal group 4.
Specifically, the charge-discharge connection end group 3 includes a first charge-discharge connection end 31 and a second charge-discharge connection end 32, the first charge-discharge connection end 31 is connected with the first bus end of the reversible PWM rectifier 11, and the second charge-discharge connection end 32 is connected with the second bus end of the reversible PWM rectifier 11; and the energy storage connecting terminal group 4 comprises a first energy storage connecting terminal 41 and a second energy storage connecting terminal 42, the first energy storage connecting terminal 41 is connected with the first bus terminal of the reversible PWM rectifier 11, and the second energy storage connecting terminal 42 is connected with the second bus terminal of the reversible PWM rectifier 11.
A first end of the external dc charging and discharging port 22 is connected to the first charging and discharging connection terminal 31, a second end of the dc charging and discharging port 22 is connected to the second charging and discharging connection terminal 32, a first end of the external battery 2 is connected to the first energy storage connection terminal 41, and a second end of the battery 2 is connected to the second energy storage connection terminal 42.
Further, a second embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle including the energy conversion apparatus described in the first embodiment of the present application.
For the specific working principle of the energy conversion device in the vehicle of this embodiment, reference may be made to the energy conversion device in the foregoing first embodiment for detailed description, and details are not repeated here.
As shown in fig. 16, the cooling system of the motor drive and the cooling system of the battery pack are in a communicated state, specifically, the motor drive system cooling circuit, the battery cooling system circuit, and the cooling circuit of the air conditioning system. The battery cooling system loop is fused with the air-conditioning cooling system through the heat exchange plate; and the battery cooling system loop is communicated with the motor driving system cooling loop through the four-way valve. The motor drive system cooling circuit connects and disconnects the radiator by switching of the three-way valve. The motor driving system cooling loop and the battery cooling system loop are switched through the valve body, the flow direction of cooling liquid in the pipeline is changed, the flow direction of the cooling liquid heated by the motor driving system is enabled to flow to the battery cooling system, and heat is transferred from the motor driving system to the battery cooling; when the motor driving system is in a non-heating mode, the cooling liquid of the motor driving system flows through a loop A and the cooling liquid of the battery cooling system flows through a loop C by switching the three-way valve and the four-way valve; the motor is in a heating mode, the cooling liquid of the motor driving system flows through a loop B by switching the three-way valve and the four-way valve, and the purpose that the cooling liquid heated by the motor driving system flows to the battery pack cooling loop to heat the battery is achieved.
In the embodiment, the vehicle adopts the energy conversion device comprising the reversible PWM rectifier 11 and the motor coil 12, after the energy conversion device is connected to the external power supply 2, the energy conversion device can select one of a heating mode, a heating mode and a driving mode to work, meanwhile, the current input by the power supply 2 generates heat through the motor coil 12 to heat the battery 21, no separate battery heating equipment is needed to be added to heat the battery 21, or the external equipment generates heat to heat the battery, meanwhile, the heating and the driving can be simultaneously carried out, the motor coil 12 is used for heating the battery, and the problems that the heating control circuit of the battery comprising the electric vehicle in the prior art is complex in structure, low in integration level, large in size and high in cost are solved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (11)

1. An energy conversion device, comprising: the motor coil at least comprises a first winding unit and a second winding unit, and the first winding unit and the second winding unit are both connected with the reversible PWM rectifier;
the external power supply, the reversible PWM rectifier and the motor coil form a heating circuit;
at least one neutral wire is led out from the first winding unit, at least one neutral wire is led out from the second winding unit, and at least one of the neutral wires of the first winding unit and the second winding unit is connected;
the energy conversion device also comprises a controller, wherein the controller controls the current output by the power supply to flow into all phase windings connected with the neutral line through the reversible PWM rectifier, flow through the neutral line, flow into all phase windings connected with the neutral line through the other set of winding units, flow through the reversible PWM rectifier and flow back to the power supply.
2. The energy conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the reversible PWM rectifier comprises a set of M-phase bridge arms, first ends of each phase of bridge arms are commonly connected to form a first bus terminal, second ends of each phase of bridge arms are commonly connected to form a second bus terminal, a first end of the power source is connected to the first bus terminal, and a second end of the power source is connected to the second bus terminal;
the motor coil at least comprises a first winding unit and a second winding unit, wherein the first winding unit comprises a set of m 1 Phase winding, m 1 Each of the phase windings includes n 1 A coil branch of n for each phase winding 1 The coil branches are connected together to form a phase terminal m 1 Phase end point of phase winding and M of M bridge arms 1 The middle points of each path of bridge arm of the path bridge arms are connected in one-to-one correspondence, and m is 1 N of each of the phase windings 1 One of the coil branches is also respectively connected with n of other phase windings 1 One of the coil branches is connected to form n 1 A connection point from said n 1 In one connection point form T 1 A neutral point from T 1 Neutral point lead-out J 1 A neutral line; wherein n is 1 ≥T 1 ≥1，T 1 ≥J 1 ≥1，m 1 N is not less than 2 1 ，m 1 ，T 1 ，J 1 Are all positive integers;
the second winding unit comprises a set of m 2 Phase winding, m 2 Each of the phase windings includes n 2 A coil branch, n of each phase winding 2 The coil branches are connected together to form a phase terminal m 2 Phase end point of phase winding and M of M-way bridge arm 2 The middle points of each path of bridge arms of the path bridge arms are connected in a one-to-one correspondence way, m 2 N of each of the phase windings 2 One coil branch in the coil branches is also respectively connected with n in other phase windings 2 One of the coil branches is connected to form n 2 A connection point from said n 2 In one connection point form T 2 A neutral point from T 2 Neutral point lead-out J 2 A neutral line; wherein n is 2 ≥T 2 ≥1，T 2 ≥J 2 ≥1，m 2 Not less than 2, M not less than M1+ M2 and n 2 ，m 2 ，T 2 ，J 2 Are all positive integers;
said J 1 At least one of the neutral lines and the J 2 At least one of the neutral lines is connected.
3. The energy conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the controller controls the reversible PWM rectifier according to an external signal, so that the current outputted from the power source passes through the winding units in the motor coil to generate a torque, and controls the magnitude and direction of the torque by controlling current vectors formed by the current of each set of winding units on a direct axis and a quadrature axis of a synchronous rotating coordinate system based on the magnetic field orientation of the motor rotor, and simultaneously controls the magnitude of current vectors formed by the current of all phase windings of each set of winding units connected to the neutral line flowing into all phase windings of the other set of winding units connected to the neutral line on a zero axis of the synchronous rotating coordinate system based on the magnetic field orientation of the motor rotor.
4. The energy conversion device of claim 3, wherein the sum of the current vectors formed by each set of winding units on the direct axis and the quadrature axis is zero, so that the total torque formed by each set of winding units is zero; the total torque is the sum of the torques formed by the winding units.
5. The energy conversion device according to claim 3, wherein the magnitude of a current vector formed on the zero axis by controlling the current passing through the first winding unit is not equal to zero, and the magnitudes of the torques generated by the first winding unit and the second winding unit are equal and are not zero, so that the power supply, the reversible PWM rectifier, and the motor coil form a heating circuit and a driving circuit.
6. The energy of claim 5The quantity conversion device is characterized in that the heating power generated by the xth set of winding units is
Figure FDA0003715901980000021
Wherein m is x Representing the number of winding phases, i, of the x-th set of said winding elements 0x * Representing a target current vector Rs formed on the zero axis by the current passing through each phase winding of the x-th set of winding units 0x Represents the phase resistance of each phase winding branch connected with the neutral wire in the x set of winding units,
Figure FDA0003715901980000022
representing the sum of target current vectors, Rs, formed on the direct axis and the quadrature axis by the current of each phase winding in the x set of winding units x Represents the phase resistance of each phase winding branch in the x-th set of winding units.
7. The energy conversion device of claim 3, wherein the magnitude of a current vector formed on the zero axis by controlling the current through the first winding unit is not equal to zero, such that the power source, the reversible PWM rectifier, the first winding unit, and the second winding unit form a heating circuit; the heating power generated by the xth winding unit is m x Rs 0x (i 0x * ) 2 Wherein m is x Representing the number of winding phases, i, of the x-th set of said winding elements 0x * Representing a target current vector Rs formed on the zero axis by the current passing through each phase winding of the x-th set of winding units 0x And represents the phase resistance of each phase winding branch connected with the neutral wire in the x set of winding units.
8. The energy conversion device of claim 5, wherein the magnitude of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding units is constant.
9. The energy of claim 5The conversion device is characterized in that the amplitude of a current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding unit is controlled to change according to a sine rule, so that the power supply, the reversible PWM rectifier, the first winding unit and the second winding unit form a heating circuit; the power supply, the reversible PWM rectifier, the first winding unit and the second winding unit form a heating energy storage circuit, and the first winding unit, the second winding unit, the reversible PWM rectifier and the power supply form a heating energy release circuit, or the first winding unit, the second winding unit and the reversible PWM rectifier form a heating energy release circuit; the amplitude of a current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding unit is
Figure FDA0003715901980000031
Wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure FDA0003715901980000032
the amplitude of a current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding unit is represented, w represents the angular velocity of the amplitude transformation of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding unit, f represents the amplitude transformation frequency of the current vector formed on the zero axis by each set of winding unit, and t represents the time.
10. The energy conversion device according to claim 9, wherein the reversible PWM rectifier is connected to a controller, the controller obtains an actual zero-axis current, an actual direct-axis current, an actual quadrature-axis current of each phase winding in each set of the winding units, obtains a target heating power required to be generated by the motor coil and a target torque required to be generated by the motor coil, obtains a target zero-axis current, a target direct-axis current, and a target quadrature-axis current required by each set of the winding units at the direct axis, the quadrature axis, and the zero axis according to the target heating power required to be generated by the motor coil and the target torque required to be generated by the motor coil, obtains a duty ratio of a bridge arm of the reversible PWM rectifier connected to each set of the winding units according to the target zero-axis current, the target direct-axis current, the target quadrature-axis current, and the actual zero-axis current, the actual direct-axis current, and the actual quadrature-axis current passing through each phase winding unit, and the duty ratio obtained by the zero-axis current closed-loop control of each set of windings is respectively added with the duty ratio of each phase obtained by the direct-axis current and the quadrature-axis current through vector control to obtain the total duty ratio of each phase of bridge arm of the reversible PWM rectifier.
11. A vehicle, characterized in that the vehicle further comprises an energy conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
CN201910913783.5A 2019-09-25 2019-09-25 Energy conversion device and vehicle Active CN112550079B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910913783.5A CN112550079B (en) 2019-09-25 2019-09-25 Energy conversion device and vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910913783.5A CN112550079B (en) 2019-09-25 2019-09-25 Energy conversion device and vehicle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112550079A CN112550079A (en) 2021-03-26
CN112550079B true CN112550079B (en) 2022-09-06

Family

ID=75029524

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201910913783.5A Active CN112550079B (en) 2019-09-25 2019-09-25 Energy conversion device and vehicle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112550079B (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114337473B (en) * 2021-04-29 2024-05-03 华为数字能源技术有限公司 Heating device and control method
EP4340210A1 (en) * 2021-06-29 2024-03-20 Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd. Heating control method and apparatus, oil pump motor, and heat exchange system
CN113691193A (en) * 2021-07-13 2021-11-23 华为数字能源技术有限公司 Battery pack heating method, motor controller, electric automobile and system
JP7483760B2 (en) 2021-08-05 2024-05-15 寧徳時代新能源科技股▲分▼有限公司 Power battery heating system, control method and control circuit thereof
JP2023539961A (en) * 2021-08-05 2023-09-21 寧徳時代新能源科技股▲分▼有限公司 Power battery heating system, its control method and control circuit
CN113794416A (en) * 2021-09-17 2021-12-14 蔚来动力科技(合肥)有限公司 Motor control method, device, power system, vehicle and storage medium
CN115378104B (en) * 2022-04-22 2024-02-13 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Control method, device, system, equipment and storage medium of charge-discharge circuit
CN117639170A (en) * 2022-05-10 2024-03-01 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Power battery control circuit, system and control method thereof
CN117175759B (en) * 2023-11-02 2024-01-30 小米汽车科技有限公司 Charging circuit, method, device, vehicle and storage medium for low-voltage battery

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4327936B2 (en) * 1999-04-08 2009-09-09 三菱電機株式会社 Heat pump refrigeration system
JP4380755B2 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-12-09 株式会社デンソー Rotating electrical machine equipment
US9985566B2 (en) * 2015-05-29 2018-05-29 Otis Elevator Company Dual three-phase electrical machine and drive with negligible common-mode noise
JP2018026897A (en) * 2016-08-08 2018-02-15 株式会社豊田自動織機 Driver
CN108183644B (en) * 2018-01-19 2020-05-12 长安大学 Magnetic field orientation control method for double-motor four-bridge-arm inverter driving circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN112550079A (en) 2021-03-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN112550079B (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
CN112550022B (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
CN112550077B (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
CN111347925B (en) Vehicle, motor control circuit, power battery charging method and heating method
KR102661775B1 (en) Cooperative control method, storage medium, and vehicle for energy conversion devices
JP7361807B2 (en) Energy conversion equipment and vehicles
CN113036264B (en) Control method of battery heating system, parameter determination module and current modulation module
CN112550078A (en) Cooperative control method and device for energy conversion device, storage medium and vehicle
CN112550063B (en) Energy conversion device, vehicle, cooperative control method and device, and storage medium
CN112389234B (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
WO2021057339A1 (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
CN112398184B (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
CN112389228B (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
CN112389231B (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
CN112389214B (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
CN112389227B (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
CN112389232B (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
CN112389235A (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
CN112389270B (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
CN112389230B (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
CN112389229B (en) Energy conversion device and vehicle
CN113890407A (en) Electric control device, control method and system based on vehicle-mounted charger and inverter

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant