CN112548075A - Method for casting thin-wall metal plate with fusion property by mould casting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a casting method of a fused thin-wall metal plate mould. The remarkable characteristics are as follows: the thin-wall metal plate casting mould is fused with the casting into a whole under the action of molten metal. The casting method comprises the following steps: and manufacturing the thin-wall metal plate into a thin-wall metal plate casting mold with the shape of the outer surface of a casting and a molten metal pouring port and a vacuumizing exhaust port, welding casting mold reinforcing ribs between the opposite metal plates of the casting mold according to matrix arrangement, and fixing a thermocouple on the outer wall of the casting mold. The casting mold is placed in a sand box with a high-permeability mesh plate as a sand box coaming, a certain number of nozzles for spraying air and water are arranged in the sand box, the nozzles are aligned to two sides of the position with the largest wall thickness of a casting, ceramic balls or steel balls are filled to the opening of the sand box, the ceramic balls or the steel balls are compacted, air-spraying cooling/vacuumizing exhaust is started before casting, water-spraying cooling is started in real time according to the temperature detected by a thermocouple in the casting process, so that the balance of the casting speed and the solidification speed is controlled, and the rapid directional sequential solidification of the casting is realized.

Description

Method for casting thin-wall metal plate with fusion property by mould casting

Technical Field

The invention belongs to metal casting, and relates to a fusion thin-wall metal plate casting mold casting method

Background

Metal casting is a metal forming method. And injecting the molten metal into a mold cavity casting mold in the shape of the part to be molded, and molding the molten metal into a casting after the molten metal is solidified. The casting mold comprises two contents: the type of material of the mold and the method of cavity formation. Classifying according to casting materials: green clay sand molds, resin sand molds, water glass sand molds, fired ceramic shell molds, metal mold sand-clad molds and the like; classifying according to a cavity forming method: the green pattern clay sand mold has the widest application range, is suitable for automatic molding casting and manual molding casting, has low production cost, is not suitable for casting large castings, and has large waste sand solid waste and waste gas discharge; the production efficiency of resin sand mold casting is lower than that of damp mold clay sand mold casting, the production cost is far higher than that of damp mold clay sand mold, but the quality of the casting is better than that of damp mold clay sand mold, and large complex castings can be cast, V-method molding (vacuum molding) does not need molding sand binder, the shape of a cavity is maintained by means of vacuum negative pressure between a sand box and a PVA film of a casting mold and casting paint on the film, waste sand is extremely low in waste fixation and waste gas discharge, the method belongs to an environment-friendly casting technology, and the casting quality is good, but the method is not suitable for casting large complex castings; the four casting methods described above all require a shaping mold. The shapes of the castings produced by the metal mold and the metal mold sand-lined mold are simpler as follows: the metal mold is used for pressure casting of rotary castings such as iron pots, centrifugal casting cylinder sleeves and other castings with simple shapes, has high manufacturing cost, is easy to deform under the action of metal liquid excitation, and has short service life of the metal mold.

The invention discloses a casting method of a fusion thin-wall metal plate mould, which comprises the following casting processes: adopting a thin-wall metal plate with similar and compatible components with the casting, welding and manufacturing a closed model cavity, namely a fusion thin-wall metal plate casting mold, with a molten metal pouring port or a molten metal pouring port and a vacuum exhaust port in the shape of a molded part by using a metal plate method, wherein galvanic couples are fixed at the maximum wall thickness position, the minimum wall thickness position and the average wall thickness position of the casting on the fusion metal plate casting mold, and are used for detecting the temperature of the casting in the processes of pouring, solidification and cooling; in order to reduce the deformation of a fusibility thin-wall metal plate casting mould in the casting process, circular materials with the diameter of 4mm to 12mm which are compatible with the components of a casting are welded between opposite metal plates of the fusibility thin-wall metal plate casting mould according to matrix arrangement, the interval of the matrix arrangement of the circular materials is 0.5 times to 2 times of the wall thickness of the casting at the position of the circular materials to form a casting mould reinforcing rib, the reinforcing rib is fused with the casting into a whole under the action of the overheating heat capacity and the solidification heat of the molten metal, the fusibility thin-wall metal plate casting mould is placed in a sand box, the surrounding board of the sand box is a mesh board with the equivalent gap of less than 2mm in diameter, the air permeability of air injection and water spray cooling is ensured, and ceramic balls or steel balls for shape keeping can not be used for shape keeping, a certain number of spray paint and water spray nozzle pairs are positioned at the thickest part of the casting, the ceramic balls or the steel balls are filled and compacted to the sand box mouth, and, in order to avoid pouring failure caused by molten metal leakage when the thin-wall metal mold is completely melted by molten metal, the maximum wall thickness of the casting is cooled by air injection before the molten metal is poured, the casting mold is opened for vacuumizing, the cooling of the water spray is controlled and adjusted according to the temperature detected by a thermocouple fixed on the casting mold during pouring, the pouring speed and the solidification speed of the molten metal are controlled to be balanced, and directional sequential solidification is realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses a casting method of a fusion thin-wall metal plate mould.

Manufacturing a thin-wall metal plate casting mold: selecting a thin-wall metal plate which is similar to and compatible with the components of the casting, manufacturing a thin-wall metal plate closed model cavity, namely a thin-wall metal plate casting mold, of which the shape of the outer surface of the casting is formed and a molten metal pouring port or a molten metal pouring check vacuumizing exhaust interface is reserved by adopting a metal plate process method, wherein the thin-wall metal plate is fused with the casting into a whole under the action of the overheating heat capacity and the solidification heat of molten metal; in order to reduce the deformation of the thin-wall metal plate casting mould in the pouring process, round materials which are similar to and compatible with the components of the casting are welded between the metal plates at the opposite positions of the thin-wall metal plate casting mould according to a matrix to form the casting mould reinforcing rib, and the reinforcing rib is melted with the casting under the action of the overheating heat capacity and the solidification heat of molten metal to form a whole. Thermocouples are fixed on the thin-wall metal plate casting molds at the maximum, minimum and average wall thickness positions of the casting wall thickness for detecting the real-time temperature of the casting in the pouring and solidifying processes.

Filling a thin-wall metal plate casting mold with a sand box: filling a certain amount of ceramic balls or steel balls in the sand box, compacting and vibrating the sand box flat, and then placing the thin-wall metal plate casting mold in the center of the sand box; the coaming of the sand box is a mesh plate with equivalent gap smaller than 2mm in diameter, so that the air permeability of air injection and water spray cooling is ensured, and the ceramic balls or steel balls cannot leak out; fixing a certain amount of spray paint and water spray nozzles on two sides of the maximum wall thickness of the casting, filling ceramic balls or steel balls with the diameter of 2-6 mm to the sand box opening, compacting, and covering and fixing a leaked metal liquid pouring opening or a metal liquid pouring opening and a sand box cover plate with a vacuumizing exhaust borrow opening.

Pouring: before pouring, air-jet cooling is started to ensure that molten metal is prevented from being completely melted and leaking from the thin-wall metal plate casting mold, vacuumizing is started to exhaust, molten metal is poured at a pouring gate of the thin-wall metal mold casting mold, and water spray is controlled according to the temperature detected by a thermocouple fixed on the thin-wall metal mold to forcibly cool the casting to realize rapid directional sequential solidification molding.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a thin-walled metal plate mold with fusion properties according to the present invention

FIG. 2 shows a flask structure according to the present invention

FIG. 3 shows a mold packing structure of a thin-walled metal plate with fusion property according to the present invention

In the figure, 1 is a vacuumizing exhaust interface, 2 is a molten metal pouring port, 3 is a sand box surrounding plate mesh plate, 4 is a fusion thin-wall metal plate casting mold, 5 is a casting mold reinforcing rib, 6 is a thermocouple, 7 is an air injection and water spray collecting pipe interface, 8 is an external cooling air injection and water spray nozzle, 9 is an internal air injection and water spray nozzle, 10 is an air injection and water spray collecting pipe, and 11 is an internal air injection and water spray interface.

Claims (9)

1. The casting method of the fusion thin-wall metal plate mould is characterized by comprising the following steps: manufacturing a thin-wall metal plate casting mold: manufacturing a closed cavity, namely a thin-wall metal plate casting mold, with the shape of the outer surface of a casting, a molten metal pouring port or a molten metal pouring port and a vacuumizing exhaust interface, and welded with a casting mold reinforcing rib by using a thin-wall metal plate, wherein a thermocouple is fixed on the casting mold; the casting mold is placed in a sand box which is provided with a certain number of air injection and water spray nozzles and has a sand box enclosing plate with a high-permeability mesh plate, ceramic balls or steel balls are filled and compacted to a sand box opening, a box pressing cover plate which is fixedly covered and exposed out of a molten metal pouring opening or a molten metal pouring opening and a vacuumizing exhaust port is fixedly covered, molten metal is poured into the thin-wall metal plate casting mold, air injection and water spray cooling is regulated and controlled in real time according to the temperature detected by a thermocouple fixed on the casting mold, the balance between the pouring speed and the solidification speed is regulated and controlled, and the rapid directional sequential solidification molding of the casting is realized.

2. A thin-walled metal sheet mould as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the thin-wall metal plate of the thin-wall metal plate casting mold is melted with a casting into a whole under the action of the overheating heat capacity and the solidification heat of molten metal.

3. The thin-walled sheet metal composition of a thin-walled sheet metal mold of claim 1 being similarly compatible with the casting composition.

4. The thin-walled metal sheet of the thin-walled metal sheet casting mold of claim 1, having a thickness of 1mm to 6 mm.

5. The mold reinforcing bar for a thin-walled metal sheet mold according to claim 1, which has a composition similar to that of the casting and is compatible with the casting, and which is melted into a body with the hot heat capacity and solidification heat of the molten metal.

6. According to the claim 1, thermocouples are fixed at the maximum wall thickness part, the minimum wall thickness part and the average wall thickness part of the casting on the fusible thin-wall metal plate casting mold and are used for detecting the real-time temperature in the casting pouring process, regulating and controlling the water spray in real time to control the balance of the pouring speed and the solidification speed and realize the rapid directional sequential solidification of the casting.

7. The sand box of claim 1 is characterized in that the coaming of the sand box is a mesh plate with equivalent gap smaller than 2mm diameter, so that the air permeability of air injection and water spray cooling is ensured, and the ceramic balls or steel balls for shape maintenance cannot leak out.

8. A ceramic or steel ball according to claim 1 having a diameter of 2 to 6 mm.

9. A certain number of air-spraying and water-spraying nozzles are arranged in the sand box according to claim 1.

Images