CN112547041A - Tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN112547041A
CN112547041A CN201910920054.2A CN201910920054A CN112547041A CN 112547041 A CN112547041 A CN 112547041A CN 201910920054 A CN201910920054 A CN 201910920054A CN 112547041 A CN112547041 A CN 112547041A
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tin
catalyst
tantalum
mixture
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CN112547041B (en
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王斌
姜健准
商宜美
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Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/20—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
    • C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
    • C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
    • C07C51/23—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of oxygen-containing groups to carboxyl groups
    • C07C51/245—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of oxygen-containing groups to carboxyl groups of keto groups or secondary alcohol groups

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Abstract

The invention relates to a tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The method for preparing the catalyst comprises the following steps: s1, mixing the potassium tantalate solution with the template solution to obtain a mixed solution, mixing the mixed solution with the tin tetrachloride solution, and heating and stirring to obtain a mixture; s2, crystallizing the mixture to obtain a catalyst precursor; and S3, drying the catalyst precursor and then roasting to obtain the tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst. The catalyst obtained by the method for preparing the tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst provided by the invention has excellent catalytic performance for preparing lactic acid from dihydroxyacetone, can realize 100% conversion rate of dihydroxyacetone, and has a lactic acid yield of better than 90%.

Description

Tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of lactic acid preparation, and particularly relates to a tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in catalyzing dihydroxyacetone to prepare lactic acid.
Background
With the continuous consumption of primary energy sources such as coal, petroleum and the like, a large amount of pollution is inevitably generated in the using process of the primary energy sources, the research on renewable secondary energy sources is concerned by researchers all over the world, wherein the carbohydrate chemical method conversion is an important interdisciplinary research hotspot, and since the 21 st century, the research on carbohydrate catalytic conversion tends to establish a biochemical system similar to the existing fossil energy development, and the most ideal situation is to simultaneously produce biofuel and high-value biochemical products. Lactic acid is an important multifunctional platform compound in the biomass energy conversion process, and the method for preparing lactic acid by decomposing saccharides by exploring an efficient chemical method is more and more favored by the majority of researchers, and the chemical method, which is a most direct and effective method for converting biomass raw materials such as cellulose and sugar, is a homogeneous or heterogeneous form. Dihydroxyacetone is a three-carbon sugar, is an important raw material for producing lactic acid, is also a product of decomposition of many monosaccharides and disaccharides, and has an unusual meaning in the aspect of biomass energy utilization in the development of a catalyst for preparing lactic acid by using dihydroxyacetone as a substrate.
At present, in all heterogeneous catalytic reactions for preparing lactic acid from dihydroxyacetone, a modified Beta molecular sieve is reported in literature as a catalyst with the best catalytic effect, and when the reaction temperature is 125 ℃, the DHA conversion rate of the catalyst of three modified Beta molecular sieves, namely Ti-Beta, Zr-Beta and Sn-Beta, reaches 100%, the lactic acid yield of Ti-Beta is 44%, the lactic acid yield of Zr-Beta is 25% and the lactic acid yield of Sn-Beta is 90%.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing a tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst, the tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst obtained by the method has excellent catalytic performance for preparing lactic acid from dihydroxyacetone, the conversion rate of the dihydroxyacetone can be 100%, and the yield of the lactic acid is better than 90%.
To this end, the present invention provides in a first aspect a process for preparing a tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing the potassium tantalate solution with the template solution to obtain a mixed solution, mixing the mixed solution with the tin tetrachloride solution, and heating to obtain a mixture; preferably, the volume ratio of the potassium tantalate solution to the template agent solution is 1 (0.5-5).
S2, crystallizing the mixture to obtain a catalyst precursor;
and S3, drying the catalyst precursor and then roasting to obtain the tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst.
The inventors of the present application have found, through studies, that a catalyst obtained without using a template can catalyze the production of lactic acid from dihydroxyacetone during the preparation of the catalyst, but a catalyst obtained after using a template has more excellent performance in the production of lactic acid from dihydroxyacetone.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mixed liquor is heated prior to mixing with the tin tetrachloride solution; preferably, the mixture is heated and stirred for 15-45 min at 35-55 ℃.
In other embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the heating conditions are: heating and stirring for 1-5 h at 35-55 ℃, then heating to 70-90 ℃, and continuing heating and stirring for 1-3 h.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the potassium tantalate solution includes the steps of:
t1, mixing and grinding tantalum oxide and potassium hydroxide to obtain a mixture;
t2, roasting the mixture, cooling, and dissolving in water to obtain the potassium tantalate solution.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step T1, the molar ratio of tantalum oxide to potassium hydroxide is 1 (8-12).
In other embodiments of the present invention, in step T2, the baking temperature is 400 to 600 ℃, and the baking time is 5 to 8 hours.
In some embodiments of the invention, the concentration of the potassium tantalate solution is 0.01mol/L to 0.1 mol/L.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the concentration of the tin tetrachloride solution is 0.5mol/L to 5 mol/L.
In some embodiments of the invention, the concentration of the templating agent solution is from 20g/L to 30 g/L. In some embodiments of the invention, the templating agent is P123 (polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer).
In some embodiments of the invention, the volume ratio of the tin tetrachloride solution to the potassium tantalate solution is (1:5) - (5: 1).
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the crystallization temperature is 120 to 180 ℃ and the crystallization time is 0.5 to 3 days.
In other embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the baking temperature is 300 ℃ to 650 ℃ for 2 to 8 hours. Preferably, the roasting temperature is 450 ℃, and the roasting time is 5 hours.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst is prepared in which the molar ratio of tin to tantalum is (0.5-15): 1.
On an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the catalyst, SnO appears at 26.7 degrees, 34.0 degrees, 51.8 degrees and 64.9 degrees of 2 theta2Characteristic diffraction peak of (1).
In some embodiments of the invention, a method of making a tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst comprises the steps of:
1) preparing a potassium tantalate solution: mixing tantalum oxide and potassium hydroxide according to a molar ratio of 1 (8-12), grinding the mixture into powder, and obtaining a mixture after the mixing and grinding are finished; roasting the mixture in a muffle furnace at 400-600 ℃ for 5-8 h, cooling the mixture to room temperature in air, and dissolving the mixture in water to obtain a potassium tantalate solution with the concentration of 0.01-0.1 mol/L;
2) preparing a stannic chloride solution: dissolving the solid tin tetrachloride pentahydrate in water to prepare a tin tetrachloride solution with the concentration of 0.5-5 mol/L;
3) preparing a template agent solution: dissolving a certain amount of template agent in water, wherein the concentration is 20-30 g/L;
4) placing a potassium tantalate solution into a container, adding a template solution to obtain a mixed solution, controlling the temperature of the mixed solution to be 35-55 ℃, heating and stirring for 15-45 min, dropwise adding a stannic chloride solution under the condition of stirring, wherein the volume ratio of the added stannic chloride solution to the potassium tantalate solution is (1:5) - (5:1), heating and stirring for 1-5 h at 35-55 ℃ after dropwise adding is finished, and then heating to 70-90 ℃ and continuing heating and stirring for 1-3 h to obtain a mixture;
4) transferring the mixture obtained in the step 3) to a crystallization kettle for crystallization for 0.5-3 d at 120-180 ℃;
5) and after crystallization is finished, filtering, washing and drying the product in the crystallization kettle, and roasting at 300-650 ℃ for 2-8 h to obtain the bimetallic oxide catalyst.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing lactic acid by catalyzing dihydroxyacetone, wherein dihydroxyacetone is contacted with the catalyst prepared by the method of the first aspect, and a product containing lactic acid is obtained after reaction.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the reaction is 120 to 160 ℃.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the dihydroxyacetone to the catalyst is (1-5): 1.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the bimetallic oxide catalyst for catalyzing dihydroxyacetone to prepare lactic acid provided by the invention has excellent catalysis performance for preparing lactic acid from dihydroxyacetone, can realize 100% conversion rate of dihydroxyacetone, and has a lactic acid yield of better than 90%.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of the bimetallic oxide catalysts prepared in examples 1-4.
Detailed Description
In order that the present invention may be more readily understood, the following detailed description will proceed with reference being made to examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The starting materials or components used in the present invention may be commercially or conventionally prepared unless otherwise specified.
In the following examples, the following methods were used for evaluating the catalyst performance:
1) weighing reaction substrates of 60mg of dihydroxyacetone and 30mg of catalyst, placing the reaction substrates in a reactor, using a liquid transfer gun to transfer 3mL of deionized water, adding the deionized water into the reactor, heating to 140 ℃, and reacting in a heat collection type magnetic heating stirrer.
2) And after the reaction is finished, taking out the reactor, cooling to room temperature, taking out a part of products by using an injector, and analyzing the conversion rate and the product yield by using liquid chromatography.
Example 1
1) 4.41g of Ta are weighed2O5And 5.6g of KOH are mixed in the bowl and ground into powder, and after the mixing and grinding are finished, a mixture is obtained; transferring the mixture to a crucible, roasting for 6h at 500 ℃, taking out, putting in a beaker, adding 200mL of water for dissolving, and preparing KTaO3The concentration of the solution is 0.1 mol/L;
2) weighing 52.58g of solid tin tetrachloride pentahydrate, adding a small amount of water into a beaker, dissolving, and transferring to a 500mL volumetric flask to prepare a tin tetrachloride solution with the concentration of 0.3 mol/L;
3) taking 1.2g P123 to be put into a three-neck flask, adding 50mL of deionized water, slowly stirring at 40 ℃ until the deionized water is dissolved, adding 75mL of KTaO3The solution is stirred for 30min at 40 ℃ in a three-neck flask, and 25ml of SnCl is added dropwise4Stirring the solution for 1h, heating to 80 ℃, and stirring for 2h to obtain a mixture;
4) transferring the mixture to a crystallization kettle for crystallization for 1d at 160 ℃ to obtain a catalyst precursor;
5) filtering, washing, drying, and calcining at 550 deg.C for 5h to obtain bimetallic oxide catalyst (the molar ratio of tin to tantalum in the catalyst is 1:1, and its X-ray diffraction spectrum is shown in figure 1A.
The results of the catalytic performance evaluation show that, in the reaction of catalyzing dihydroxyacetone to prepare lactic acid by using the catalyst prepared in example 1, the conversion rate of dihydroxyacetone reaches 100% in 40min, the maximum yield of methylglyoxal reaches 78.21% in 15min, and the maximum yield of lactic acid reaches 64-65% in 90 min.
Example 2
1) 4.41g of Ta are weighed2O5And 5.6g of KOH are mixed in the bowl and ground into powder, and after the mixing and grinding are finished, a mixture is obtained; transferring the mixture to a crucible, roasting for 6h at 500 ℃, taking out, putting in a beaker, adding 200mL of water for dissolving, and preparing KTaO3The concentration of the solution is 0.1 mol/L;
2) weighing 52.58g of solid tin tetrachloride pentahydrate, adding a small amount of water into a beaker, dissolving, and transferring to a 500mL volumetric flask to prepare a tin tetrachloride solution with the concentration of 0.3 mol/L;
3) taking 1.2g P123 to be put into a three-neck flask, adding 50mL of deionized water, slowly stirring at 40 ℃ until the deionized water is dissolved, adding 25mL of KTaO3The solution is stirred for 30min at 40 ℃ in a three-neck flask, 75ml of SnCl is added dropwise4Stirring the solution for 1h, heating to 80 ℃, and stirring for 2h to obtain a mixture;
4) transferring the mixture to a crystallization kettle for crystallization for 1d at 160 ℃ to obtain a catalyst precursor;
5) filtering, washing, drying, and calcining at 450 deg.C for 5h to obtain bimetallic oxide catalyst (molar ratio of tin to tantalum in catalyst is 9:1), and its X-ray diffraction spectrum is shown in figure 1B.
The results of the catalytic performance evaluation show that, in the reaction of catalyzing dihydroxyacetone to prepare lactic acid by using the catalyst prepared in example 2, the conversion rate of dihydroxyacetone reaches 100% in 40min, the maximum yield of methylglyoxal reaches 86.39% in 15min, and the maximum yield of lactic acid reaches 70-72% in 90 min.
Example 3
1) 4.41g of Ta are weighed2O5And 5.6g of KOH are mixed in the bowl and ground into powder, and after the mixing and grinding are finished, a mixture is obtained; transferring the mixture to a crucible, roasting for 6h at 500 ℃, taking out, putting in a beaker, adding 200mL of water for dissolving, and preparing KTaO3The concentration of the solution is 0.1 mol/L;
2) weighing 52.58g of solid tin tetrachloride pentahydrate, adding a small amount of water into a beaker, dissolving, and transferring to a 500mL volumetric flask to prepare a tin tetrachloride solution with the concentration of 0.3 mol/L;
3) taking 1.2g P123 to be put into a three-neck flask, adding 50mL of deionized water, slowly stirring at 40 ℃ until the deionized water is dissolved, adding 100mL of KTaO3The solution is stirred for 30min at 40 ℃ in a three-neck flask, and 25ml of SnCl is added dropwise4Stirring the solution for 1h, heating to 80 ℃, and stirring for 2h to obtain a mixture;
4) transferring the mixture to a crystallization kettle for crystallization for 1d at 160 ℃ to obtain a catalyst precursor;
5) filtering, washing, drying, and calcining at 650 deg.C for 5h to obtain bimetallic oxide catalyst (the molar ratio of tin to tantalum in the catalyst is 0.75:1, and its X-ray diffraction spectrum is shown in figure 1C.
The results of the catalytic performance evaluation show that, in the reaction of catalyzing dihydroxyacetone to prepare lactic acid by using the catalyst prepared in example 3, the conversion rate of dihydroxyacetone reaches 100% in 40min, the maximum yield of methylglyoxal reaches 70.82% in 15min, and the maximum yield of lactic acid reaches 64-65% in 60 min.
Example 4
1) 4.41g of Ta are weighed2O5And 5.6g of KOH are mixed in the bowl and ground into powder, and after the mixing and grinding are finished, a mixture is obtained; transferring the mixture to a crucible, roasting for 6h at 500 ℃, taking out, putting in a beaker, adding 200mL of water for dissolving, and preparing KTaO3The concentration of the solution is 0.1 mol/L;
2) weighing 52.58g of solid tin tetrachloride pentahydrate, adding a small amount of water into a beaker, dissolving, and transferring to a 500mL volumetric flask to prepare a tin tetrachloride solution with the concentration of 0.3 mol/L;
3) taking 1.2g P123 to be put into a three-neck flask, adding 50mL of deionized water, slowly stirring at 40 ℃ until the deionized water is dissolved, adding 25mL of KTaO3The solution is stirred for 30min at 40 ℃ in a three-neck flask, and 100ml of SnCl is added dropwise4Stirring the solution for 1h, heating to 80 ℃, and stirring for 2h to obtain a mixture;
4) transferring the mixture to a crystallization kettle for crystallization for 1d at 160 ℃ to obtain a catalyst precursor;
5) filtering, washing, drying, and calcining at 450 deg.C for 5h to obtain bimetallic oxide catalyst (molar ratio of tin to tantalum in catalyst is 12:1), and its X-ray diffraction spectrum is shown in figure 1D.
The results of the catalytic performance evaluation show that, in the reaction of catalyzing dihydroxyacetone to prepare lactic acid by using the catalyst prepared in example 4, the conversion rate of dihydroxyacetone reaches 100% in 40min, the maximum yield of methylglyoxal reaches 90.76% in 15min, and the maximum yield of lactic acid reaches 95-96% in 120 min.
Example 5
1) 4.41g of Ta are weighed2O5And 5.6g of KOH are mixed in the bowl and ground into powder, and after the mixing and grinding are finished, a mixture is obtained; transferring the mixture to a crucible, roasting for 6h at 500 ℃, taking out, putting in a beaker, adding 200mL of water for dissolving, and preparing KTaO3The concentration of the solution is 0.1 mol/L;
2) weighing 52.58g of solid tin tetrachloride pentahydrate, adding a small amount of water into a beaker, dissolving, and transferring to a 500mL volumetric flask to prepare a tin tetrachloride solution with the concentration of 0.3 mol/L;
3) taking 1.2g P123 to be put into a three-neck flask, adding 50mL of deionized water, slowly stirring at 40 ℃ until the deionized water is dissolved, adding 25mL of KTaO3The solution is stirred for 30min at 40 ℃ in a three-neck flask, and 100ml of SnCl is added dropwise4Stirring the solution for 1h, heating to 80 ℃, and stirring for 2h to obtain a mixture;
4) transferring the mixture to a crystallization kettle for crystallization for 1d at 160 ℃ to obtain a catalyst precursor;
5) filtering, washing, drying, and roasting at 550 ℃ for 5h to obtain the bimetallic oxide catalyst (the molar ratio of tin to tantalum in the catalyst is 12: 1).
The results of the catalytic performance evaluation show that, in the reaction of catalyzing dihydroxyacetone to prepare lactic acid by using the catalyst prepared in example 5, the conversion rate of dihydroxyacetone reaches 100% in 60min, the maximum yield of methylglyoxal reaches 51% in 30min, and the maximum yield of lactic acid reaches 78% in min.
Example 6
1) 4.41g of Ta are weighed2O5And 5.6g of KOH are mixed in the bowl and ground into powder, and after the mixing and grinding are finished, a mixture is obtained; mixing the mixtureTransferring to a crucible, roasting at 500 ℃ for 6h, taking out, putting in a beaker, adding 200mL of water to dissolve to obtain KTaO3The concentration of the solution is 0.1 mol/L;
2) weighing 52.58g of solid tin tetrachloride pentahydrate, adding a small amount of water into a beaker, dissolving, and transferring to a 500mL volumetric flask to prepare a tin tetrachloride solution with the concentration of 0.3 mol/L;
3) 25ml of KTaO was taken3The solution is stirred in a three-neck flask at 40 ℃ for 30min and 100ml of SnCl is added dropwise4Stirring the solution for 1h, heating to 80 ℃, and stirring for 2h to obtain a mixture;
4) transferring the mixture to a crystallization kettle for crystallization for 1d at 160 ℃ to obtain a catalyst precursor;
5) filtering, washing, drying, and roasting at 450 deg.C for 5h to obtain the bimetallic oxide catalyst (the molar ratio of tin to tantalum in the catalyst is 12: 1).
The results of the catalytic performance evaluation show that, in the reaction of catalyzing dihydroxyacetone to prepare lactic acid by using the catalyst prepared in example 6, the conversion rate of dihydroxyacetone reaches 100% in 40min, the maximum yield of methylglyoxal reaches 63.83% in 15min, and the maximum yield of lactic acid reaches 50-51% in 60 min.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. The present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, but the words which have been used herein are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. The invention can be modified, as prescribed, within the scope of the claims and without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Although the invention has been described herein with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein, but rather extends to all other methods and applications having the same functionality.

Claims (10)

1. A method of making a tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing the potassium tantalate solution with the template solution to obtain a mixed solution, mixing the mixed solution with the tin tetrachloride solution, and heating to obtain a mixture; preferably, the volume ratio of the potassium tantalate solution to the template agent solution is 1 (0.5-5);
s2, crystallizing the mixture to obtain a catalyst precursor;
and S3, drying the catalyst precursor and then roasting to obtain the tin/tantalum bimetallic oxide catalyst.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mixed solution is heated before being mixed with the tin tetrachloride solution; preferably, the mixture is heated and stirred for 15-45 min at 35-55 ℃.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step S1, the heating conditions are: heating and stirring for 1-5 h at 35-55 ℃, then heating to 70-90 ℃, and continuing heating and stirring for 1-3 h.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method for preparing the potassium tantalate solution comprises the steps of:
t1, mixing and grinding tantalum oxide and potassium hydroxide to obtain a mixture;
t2, roasting the mixture, cooling, and dissolving in water to obtain the potassium tantalate solution.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step T1, the molar ratio of tantalum oxide to potassium hydroxide is 1 (8-12); and/or
In the step T2, the roasting temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the roasting time is 5-8 h.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the concentration of the potassium tantalate solution is 0.01 to 0.1 mol/L; and/or
The concentration of the stannic chloride solution is 0.1-5 mol/L; and/or
The concentration of the template agent solution is 20g/L-30 g/L.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the volume ratio of the tin tetrachloride solution to the potassium tantalate solution is (1:5) to (5: 1).
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in step S2, the crystallization temperature is 120 to 180 ℃, and the crystallization time is 0.5 to 3 days; and/or
In step S3, the roasting temperature is 300-650 ℃, and the roasting time is 2-8 h.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the tin/tantalum double metal oxide catalyst is prepared in a molar ratio of tin to tantalum of (0.5-15): 1.
10. A method for preparing lactic acid by catalyzing dihydroxyacetone, which comprises the steps of contacting dihydroxyacetone with a catalyst prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, and obtaining a product containing lactic acid after reaction;
preferably, the reaction temperature is 120-160 ℃; more preferably, the mass ratio of the dihydroxyacetone to the catalyst is (1-5): 1.
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CN107827727A (en) * 2017-11-09 2018-03-23 中国科学院上海高等研究院 The method that lactic acid is prepared using carbohydrate
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