CN1125469C - Fuel element, method and device for manufacturing same - Google Patents
Fuel element, method and device for manufacturing same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1125469C CN1125469C CN96198062A CN96198062A CN1125469C CN 1125469 C CN1125469 C CN 1125469C CN 96198062 A CN96198062 A CN 96198062A CN 96198062 A CN96198062 A CN 96198062A CN 1125469 C CN1125469 C CN 1125469C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- involucrum
- end plug
- delta
- jacket
- fuel element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/02—Fuel elements
- G21C3/04—Constructional details
- G21C3/06—Casings; Jackets
- G21C3/10—End closures ; Means for tight mounting therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The proposed element can be used in nuclear technology, specifically in the construction of fuel elements and the associated production technology. The aim of the inventions is to increase the structural strength and corrosion resistance of fuel elements. The fuel element comprises an outer jacket (1) filled with nuclear fuel and plugs (2) welded into it down to a certain depth; in the weld zone, a region (3) is created in which the structure of the metal is altered down to a depth equal to the depth of the plug (2), namely (2-5) delta , and of a width from the inner surface of the jacket (1) not exceeding 0.9 delta , delta being the width of the jacket wall thickness. The proposed method involves manufacturing the plug (1) with an outer diameter which is (0.2 - 1.4) delta greater than the inner diameter, delta being the jacket wall thickness, fixing the jacket (1) in a current supply element (4) at a certain depth, compressing the jacket (1) and plug (2) and heating the welded parts with an electrical current which is distributed over the current supply element (4) and jacket (1) in such a way that the current flowing in the jacket section extending (2.0 - 5) delta from the end face is equal to between 0.3 and 0.9 times the welding current, while also ensuring that heat is carried away from the outer surface of the jacket (1). The proposed device comprises an annular current supply element (4) part of which is in contact with the end face region and made from an assembly of electrically insulating plates (5) interconnected by an electrical shunt, the relative proportions of the components being as follows: each plate (5) has a thickness equal to (0.2 - 2) delta , delta being the jacket wall thickness and the size of the assembly element of the current supply element (4) along the axis of its aperture has a length equal to 2.5 - 6 delta . The result is improved structural strength and corrosion resistance of the fuel elements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the nuclear engineering technical field, particularly relate to the structure and the manufacture craft of nuclear fuel element.
Background technology
Known from institute, nuclear fuel element comprises involucrum and is soldered to the end plug of the inside.For improving ability to work, in common nuclear fuel element, be full of the fold of forming by near the involucrum the weld zone.The shortcoming of this common nuclear fuel element is to make complicatedly, can not satisfy higher syndeton intensity and corrosion stability.
The involucrum that includes tubulose is known for everybody with the nuclear fuel element that is soldered to the buried end plug in the inside.Nuclear fuel element is provided with a kind of welding joint in the weld zone.
Described nuclear fuel element is used as the standard prototype.
The shortcoming of nuclear fuel element standard prototype is to satisfy higher structural strength and corrosion stability.Described intensity and corrosion stability are to produce regional dimension scale and profile by variable metal construction to be determined.
The method of making nuclear fuel element of upset butt welding is known.This method has been predesignated the making of end plug, makes the overall diameter of its overall diameter less than involucrum, but greater than the interior diameter of involucrum.Stipulated also that simultaneously buried depth goes into the clamp of the involucrum in the electric conductor, applies snap-in force and pass through welding current to soldering part.
The shortcoming of described method is can not obtain to have optimum dimension ratio and the required welding joint that can guarantee the configuration that structural strength and corrosion stability improve in the weld zone.
The upset butt welding method of used end plug phase of impedance is known for everyone during with pipe and making nuclear fuel element.
This method comprises: the making of end plug, make the overall diameter of this end plug overall diameter less than involucrum, and greater than its interior diameter; And the involucrum of the clamp of the involucrum in the buried depth electric conductor, band edge plug compress and use the current flow heats soldering part, and guarantee the heat radiation of electric conductor from the involucrum outside surface.
Described method is used as the standard prototype.
The shortcoming of this standard prototype method just is impossible obtain in the weld zone to be had the intended size ratio and can guarantee structural strength and the welding joint of the configuration that corrosion stability improves.
When making nuclear fuel element with upset butt welding, the device of the joint that is used to be shaped is known for everyone, and this device comprises the ring-type electric conductor that can dismantle, and the partially conductive body is repaiied neat end face part with involucrum and contacted, and with the sheet metal formation of mutually insulated.
Described device has guaranteed that effective electric conductor is in weld zone work, but can not regulate the current ratio of flow through electric conductor and involucrum, thereby just can not guarantee to set up in the weld zone welding joint of required size ratio, and in nuclear fuel element, have this welding joint and just can improve its operating characteristic.
It is known with the device of setting joint to make nuclear fuel element with the upset butt welding legal system.This device has comprised the ring-type electric conductor that becomes the insulated ring ring set, and the partially conductive body is repaiied neat end face part with involucrum and contacted, and is made of mutual sheet metal with the shunt electrical isolation.
Described this device is used as the standard prototype.
The current value of electric conductor and involucrum can be regulated although flow through, and this device can not form desired welding joint in manufactured goods, is still the shortcoming of this device standard prototype.
Summary of the invention
The technique effect of the application's nuclear fuel element just is to improve its structural strength and corrosion stability.The device of the application's method for making and this method of enforcement can guarantee to form welding joint to guarantee the dimension scale that above-mentioned effect realizes in nuclear fuel element.In addition, the application's method can not obtain solder joints because of there being outside overlap, and the production technology of nuclear fuel element must be simplified.
Nuclear fuel element, as in the standard prototype, comprise the filling nuclear fuel involucrum, at least one is solded into end plug wherein buriedly, but different with the standard prototype is, weld seam and welding joint are such realizations, even end plug is not more than 0.9 δ along the length of embedment of involucrum inwall for (2-5) δ and their transverse gages on the inner wall surface direction of involucrum.Here δ one is a can wall thickness.
And more satisfactory be that welding joint is (0.2-0.5) δ at the thickness of involucrum inwall.
Nuclear fuel element adopts the method for making of contact welding, as the standard prototype, comprise and make its external diameter greater than the internal diameter of involucrum but less than the end plug of involucrum external diameter, clamp end plug, and, guarantee simultaneously heat to be shed from the involucrum outside surface by the current flow heats weldment.But different with the standard prototype is: it is D+ (0.2-1.4) δ that end plug is made into its external diameter, (D is the internal diameter of involucrum in the formula) and, in heating process, press the weld zone length direction by the electric current of electric conductor and involucrum and distribute, with guarantee to leave its end face length for the strength of current on the involucrum section of (0.2-5) δ be welding current intensity (0.3-0.9) doubly.
Making length is the end plug of (0.5-3.0) δ, and is that the afterbody of D+0.2 δ carries out supply with the diameter.
Make the device of nuclear fuel element by upset butt welding involucrum and end plug by forming welding joint, as the standard prototype, comprise the ring-type electric conductor, the partially conductive body contacts with the neat end region of repairing of housing, and one group of electrical isolation thin slice that the electricity consumption shunt connects mutually is made; But different with the standard prototype is: each sheet thickness is (0.2-2) δ, and is of a size of (2.5-6) δ along the electric conductor built-up section of interior axially bored line.
As showing in practice, the variation of weld zone material structure can be guaranteed the positiver sealing of nuclear fuel element and their high usability.This moment is proof also, and the areal distribution of size ratio and metal variable structure can influence the structural strength and the corrosion stability of nuclear fuel element.Particularly, when along the ratio of the size in the variable configuration zone of involucrum and thickness less than 2, then the corrosion stability of nuclear fuel element and structural strength all can degenerate.When this area extension is increased to 5 δ, do not find out obvious raising operating characteristic, but the material usage of finished product increases.Consider the price of material, from economic angle, this obviously is unsuitable.
Experiment shows, (2-5) that exceed its end on involucrum inner wall surface direction is even if the several microns of the thickness of δ distance, then enough obviously destroy the use characteristic of finished product, and if this welding joint thickness is increased to more than the 0.9 δ size, then begin to reduce its corrosion stability.Show that as experiment thickness is the optimal proportion of size for (0.2-0.5) δ.
The finished product that not only has the welding joint of desired dimension scale is shaped, and the finished product that does not have an outside overlap makes the parameters selection that all may become this technology, so just can remove the eliminating operation in technological process.
Particularly for the internal diameter of involucrum, the external diameter increase value of end plug has then just improved outside overlap generating probability greater than 1.4 δ, and then enlarges the quality that reduces welding joint owing to the heat zone of action in the involucrum.In addition, when described size increases less than 0.2 δ, this just may cause the lack of penetration phenomenon generation along the girth part, thereby this destruction that may cause nuclear fuel element in use to seal.
Verified, for guaranteeing to form welding joint with essential dimension scale, just need be based upon the weld zone promptly on (2-5) of involucrum end δ length section to the involucrum spot heating.For realizing this heating by electric current, will set up a needed distribution of current by electric conductor and involucrum bringing-up section with this correlation method.For example, insulation course with designing and calculating resistance is set on the section surface of the given area of involucrum, promptly this insulation course is realized contacting with involucrum in the electric conductor respective section, perhaps pick out the material of known resistance, make described section contacted that part of electric conductor with involucrum by technical conditions with this material.
If adopt insulation course in respective section, this just causes process complications, nor can adjust the ratio that torrent winding OB electric current is reached, and perhaps can not guarantee the optimal proportion of welding joint size.The most rational is to utilize following special arrangement for the formation electric current is uniform, and promptly this device electric conductor partly is to be made by one group of heat insulating lamella.Available following method is selected correlation parameter for use, promptly flows through 0.3-0.9 welding current doubly through the involucrum section.If through from the distance of end face being the current value of (2.0-5) δ involucrum section during less than 0.3 times of welding current, then involucrum will be heated to the temperature that is lower than the end plug temperature substantially, this has just reduced the quality of welding joint.This sight also can be observed during greater than 0.9 times at electric current, but this moment, involucrum was overheated.
Under individual cases, comprise the shell end establish outside chamfering implement this method and be considered to rational.The existence of chamfering just can improve the repeatability of welding result, promptly guarantees to produce the finished product with same quality.Because " end plug-involucrum " contact area is constant all the time, therefore can overcome of the influence of the layout of end plug and involucrum nonconcentricity to the weld zone distribution of current.This just means and will guarantee the even heating of weldment along its girth.At this moment, show, in given physical dimension relation extents, finish under the chamfering situation, can both reach such effect as test.
Be made into the end plug of the step shape with afterbody owing to implement this method with the intended size ratio, just can obtain to have the nuclear fuel element of the optimum configuration of welding joint, promptly the thickness of its welding joint on involucrum inner wall surface direction is (0.2-0.5) δ.
At the device of joint that is used to when making nuclear fuel element with upset butt welding involucrum and end plug to be shaped, it comprises ring-shaped conductor, and with repair the contacted partially conductive body of neat end region, be that the one group of electrical isolation thin slice that is linked by electric shunt is each other made, they adopt following dimension scale: each sheet thickness is (0.2-2) δ (in the formula: δ is an involucrum thickness), and is of a size of (2.5-6) δ size along the electric conductor built-up section of its axially bored line; Its characteristics are the dimension scale of the electric conductor built-up section made by thin slice.By means of dimension scale given in making nuclear fuel element, constituted the zone of the metal variable structure of required profile.Error from the described ratio of this or that direction can make the welding joint dimension scale vary to and not observe this degree that the manufactured goods operating characteristic improves.Have electric shunt in the device, will allow to be established as the required distribution of current of the described method of enforcement.The characteristic of shunt is selected for use from the material of electric conductor, involucrum and size angle thereof.For guaranteeing the versatility of device, shunt should be replaceable, and can be made by the material with various resistance.The making form of shunt can be common arbitrary form.For example: tape shape or taper stud bolt formula.Electric conductor does not provide the insulation ring as the standard prototype, because it plays a part insulating cover layer, this will bring the collet panel strip to bonding machine.
Description of drawings
Now further specify nuclear fuel element of the present invention and make the nuclear fuel element device and method by accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal diagram of nuclear fuel element before the welding;
The longitudinal diagram of the nuclear fuel element of Fig. 2 after according to welding of the present invention;
Fig. 3 provides the photograph of the microsection of solder joints;
Fig. 4 be used to when making nuclear fuel element to be shaped drawing in side sectional elevation of device of joint is understood its method for making specifically;
Fig. 5 illustrates the embodiment of the method that adopts the step shape end plug with afterbody.
Embodiment
Nuclear fuel element comprises that (see figure 2) is filled with the involucrum 1 of nuclear fuel (Fig. 2 does not express) and axially is solded into end plug 2 in the involucrum wall by the involucrum port; In the weld zone of involucrum and end plug, formed a welding joint 3 (scratching) with dotted line.
The device (see figure 4) that is used to make nuclear fuel element comprises ring-type electric conductor 4.
Repairing the contacted partially conductive body 4 in neat end face district with involucrum 1 is to be made by the sheet metal 5 of electrically insulated from one another.These thin slice electricity consumption shunts interconnect (not expressing among the figure).
Described generally speaking method for making, carry out in the following manner must giving enforcement in the course of work at described device:
Be equiped with and have series of parameters the electric shunt of (by involucrum resistance, its size, material of shunt or the like combined factors are considered to calculate and determined) in the device.These parameters can be guaranteed the given distribution (size of this device electric conductor built-up section equals to set up the shell section length of essential electric current, adds the degree of depth that involucrum is imbedded in electric conductor) of electric current between involucrum and the electric conductor built-up section.
Involucrum is fixed in the electric conductor 4 of imbedding (0.5-2) δ, end plug is inserted in the electrode stand interior (not expressing among the figure), compress with the involucrum of axial force, supply with the welding current pulse that for example comes from mass-producted capacitor machinery MTK-5001 simultaneously Chang Duansai.
According to Ohm law, the result is that electric current distributes by involucrum and electric conductor " shunt ", forms welding joint in the weld zone.The electric conductor built-up section can be finished the function of being discharged heat by the involucrum outside surface simultaneously.
After taking down weld force, nuclear fuel element is thrown off from anchor clamps, and takes out in bonding machine.
The nuclear fuel element that the device that adopts described method and being used to of being proposed to implement this method is made has the high quality welding joint, and it does not have defective, and the ductility of welding joint is good, along the connection and reasonable arrangement of involucrum longitudinal axis.In addition, resulting finished product does not have outside overlap.This has just removed next step machine work from.At the involucrum skin, kept original metal construction in the weld zone.
For checking the Manufactured nuclear fuel element performance that in its weld zone, is formed with welding joint, once carried out following correlation test, comprising:
-adopt the method for comparing to carry out visual examination with master body;
-UT (Ultrasonic Testing);
-in involucrum, set up gaseous tension;
-welding joint microsection is analyzed;
-corrosion resistant test;
-check its strength character with clashing into outwardly the crimp method.
The width of involucrum part is (2-3) millimeter (involucrum destroys on the spot), even is under 180 ° of situations at the bending angle, and it and end plug conjugation situation can not take place.
Test findings (once making and tested 300 finished products) according to the nuclear fuel element that uses various technological parameters to make.Shown that it can obtain the best welding joint of given profile.
Nuclear fuel element manufactured according to the present invention compares why can improve operating characteristic with standard standard prototype, the orientation that can be construed to the variable metal construction zone of involucrum in standard standard prototype is along the involucrum horizontal direction, and presses an orientation area longitudinal direction along involucrum of variable metal construction of the present invention.
1.SU inventors certificate, No.1762694, B23K11/02,1989
2.DE application, No.4222180, C21C21/00, B23K11/02,1992
3.SU inventors certificate, No.1520763, B23K11/02,1987
4.SU inventors certificate, No.1596576, B23K11/02,1987
5.SU inventors certificate, No.6647785, B23K11/02,1977
6.SU inventors certificate, No.1508458, B23K11/02,1987
Claims (5)
1. nuclear fuel element, the end plug (2) that it includes involucrum (1) and is axially buried underground in the involucrum wall by the port of involucrum, establish welding joint (3) in their weld zone, it is characterized in that: described welding joint (3) is solded into axial depth by end plug (2) along involucrum (1) and is (2-5) δ place, and transverse gage is not more than 0.9 δ on involucrum (1) inner wall surface direction; Described δ is the wall thickness of involucrum.
2. nuclear fuel element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, welding joint (3) is (0.2-0.5) δ at the thickness of involucrum (1) inwall.
3. method of making nuclear fuel element of upset butt welding, it comprises: make its external diameter greater than involucrum (1) internal diameter but in the electric conductor of imbedding less than the end plug of involucrum external diameter, with involucrum (4) and locate, make end plug (2) to compress involucrum (1) and by electric current weldment is heated, guarantee that simultaneously heat sheds from the outside surface of involucrum; It is characterized in that: described welding joint (3) is solded into axial depth along end plug (2) and is (2-5) δ, and the thickness on involucrum (1) inner wall surface direction is not more than 0.9 δ; Described δ is the wall thickness of involucrum; Its external diameter of end plug (2) is than big (0.2-1.4) δ of involucrum (1) internal diameter; And make distribution of current by electric conductor (4) and involucrum (1) form the current value that passes through along involucrum (1) section of leaving its end (2.0-5) δ length be welding current (0.3-0.9) doubly.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: end plug (2) is made the step shape with afterbody, and its external diameter is D+ (0.2-1.4) δ, and highly is (0.5-3.0) δ; And the diameter of this afterbody is D+0.2 δ, and D is the internal diameter of involucrum (1) in the formula.
5. be used to form the device of welding joint (3) when nuclear fuel element is made in the upset butt welding at involucrum and end plug, the end plug (2) that this nuclear fuel element includes involucrum (1) and axially is solded in the involucrum wall by the port of involucrum, the weld zone of welding joint (3) between them set up and formed, described device comprises: ring-type electric conductor (4), partially conductive body and involucrum (1) are repaiied that neat end region contacts and are made up of the interconnective electrical isolation thin slice of electric shunt (5) by one group; It is characterized in that: the thickness of each thin slice (5) is (0.2-2) δ, and electric conductor (4) is of a size of (2.5-6) δ along the built-up section of interior axially bored line; Described welding joint (3) is solded into axial depth along end plug (2) and is (2-5) δ, and the thickness on involucrum (1) inner wall surface direction is not more than 0.9 δ; Described δ is the wall thickness of involucrum.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU9595116803A RU2082574C1 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1995-09-29 | Fuel elements, method of manufacture of fuel elements and device for its embodiment |
| RU95116803 | 1995-09-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1201549A CN1201549A (en) | 1998-12-09 |
| CN1125469C true CN1125469C (en) | 2003-10-22 |
Family
ID=20172485
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96198062A Expired - Lifetime CN1125469C (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1996-09-26 | Fuel element, method and device for manufacturing same |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1125469C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2001897A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19681580T1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2082574C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997012374A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4397631B2 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2010-01-13 | 株式会社オーハシテクニカ | Press-fit joint structure and joint parts |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE792371A (en) * | 1971-12-08 | 1973-03-30 | Gen Electric | NUCLEAR FUEL CARTRIDGE |
| FR2162286A1 (en) * | 1971-12-09 | 1973-07-20 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Reactor fuel rod - with tabletted fuel stacked in argon filled pressurised zircalloy container |
| FR2264621B1 (en) * | 1974-03-20 | 1976-12-17 | Chausson Usines Sa | |
| DE2550079A1 (en) * | 1975-11-07 | 1977-05-12 | Kraftwerk Union Ag | METHOD OF CONNECTING FUEL END CAPS AND FUEL TUBES |
| IT1110295B (en) * | 1979-02-05 | 1985-12-23 | Getters Spa | NON-EVAPORABLE TERNARY GETTERING ALLOY PARTICULARLY FOR THE ABSORPTION OF WATER AND WATER VAPOR IN FUEL BARS OF NUCLEAR REACTORS |
| JPH0640137B2 (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1994-05-25 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Fuel assembly and boiling water reactor |
-
1995
- 1995-09-29 RU RU9595116803A patent/RU2082574C1/en active
-
1996
- 1996-09-26 AU AU20018/97A patent/AU2001897A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-09-26 WO PCT/RU1996/000274 patent/WO1997012374A2/en active Application Filing
- 1996-09-26 CN CN96198062A patent/CN1125469C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-26 DE DE19681580T patent/DE19681580T1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19681580T1 (en) | 1998-10-08 |
| RU2082574C1 (en) | 1997-06-27 |
| WO1997012374A2 (en) | 1997-04-03 |
| AU2001897A (en) | 1997-04-17 |
| WO1997012374A3 (en) | 1997-05-29 |
| CN1201549A (en) | 1998-12-09 |
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