CN112546881A - Polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination and preparation method and device thereof - Google Patents

Polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination and preparation method and device thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112546881A
CN112546881A CN202110222410.0A CN202110222410A CN112546881A CN 112546881 A CN112546881 A CN 112546881A CN 202110222410 A CN202110222410 A CN 202110222410A CN 112546881 A CN112546881 A CN 112546881A
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plate
rod
paving
spreading
hollow
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CN112546881B (en
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王乐译
杨光炜
王新艳
张伟政
张倩茹
宋飞飞
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SHANDONG ZHAOJIN MOTIAN CO Ltd
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SHANDONG ZHAOJIN MOTIAN CO Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/06—Organic material
    • B01D71/56—Polyamides, e.g. polyester-amides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0006—Organic membrane manufacture by chemical reactions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
    • B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
    • B01D67/0013—Casting processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
    • B01D2323/08—Specific temperatures applied
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
    • B01D2323/12—Specific ratios of components used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/30—Chemical resistance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/36—Hydrophilic membranes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of production of polyamide reverse osmosis membranes, and particularly relates to a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination and a preparation method and a device thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1: cleaning polysulfone particles, drying the particles in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 100-; the preparation device can pave the non-woven fabric to the periphery of the non-woven fabric from the center of the non-woven fabric, and press and fix the edge of the non-woven fabric, so that the casting solution has better ductility when being poured on the surface of the non-woven fabric, and the uniformity of the permeable membrane is improved.

Description

Polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination and preparation method and device thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of production of polyamide reverse osmosis membranes, and particularly relates to a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination and a preparation method and a device thereof.
Background
Reverse osmosis is a membrane separation operation that uses a pressure differential as a driving force to separate a solvent from a solution. Reverse osmosis is known because it is in the opposite direction to natural osmosis. According to different osmotic pressures of materials, a reverse osmosis pressure which is larger than the osmotic pressure, namely a reverse osmosis method, can be used for achieving the purposes of separation, extraction, purification and concentration. Reverse osmosis technology is commonly used in the household water purifier industry and seawater desalination; softening water; waste water treatment, purification, concentration, separation and the like in food, medicine and chemical industries. The core of the reverse osmosis technology is a reverse osmosis membrane.
In the prior art, in order to reduce biological pollution of a membrane, active chlorine (sodium hypochlorite is usually added for sterilization, but the active chlorine can react with polyamide molecular chains to degrade the polyamide molecular chains, the degradation is mainly carried out by 4 ways, namely, chlorine atoms replace hydrogen atoms of amido bonds to generate N-chloramide, benzene rings of m-phenylenediamine are directly replaced by the active chlorine, the chlorine atoms replace the hydrogen atoms of the amido bonds to generate the N-chloramide, the chlorine is further transferred to the benzene rings of the m-phenylenediamine for replacement through intramolecular rearrangement, the active chlorine causes hydrolysis of the amido bonds, and the chlorine oxidation can seriously damage the membrane structure of the polyamide, so that the separation performance is reduced, and the seawater desalting effect of a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane is further reduced.
Meanwhile, when the reverse osmosis membrane is prepared, the polysulfone base membrane needs to be prepared firstly, and then polyamide is generated at the interface of the polysulfone base membrane conveniently, in the prior art, when the polysulfone base membrane is prepared, the non-woven fabric needs to be paved on a glass plate firstly, and then the membrane casting solution is paved on the surface of the non-woven fabric uniformly.
To this end, the present invention proposes a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination, and a method and apparatus for preparing the same to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination, and a preparation method and a device thereof, aiming at making up the defects of the prior art and solving the problems that active chlorine (sodium hypochlorite) is often added for sterilization in the pretreatment of seawater desalination, but the active chlorine reacts with polyamide molecular chains to degrade the polyamide molecular chains, the active chlorine causes hydrolysis of amido bonds, and the oxychlorination seriously destroys the membrane structure of polyamide, so that the separation performance is reduced, and further the seawater desalination effect of the polyamide reverse osmosis membrane is reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a preparation device of a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination comprises a spreading plate, a first spreading rod, a second hollow spreading rod and a movable connecting rod; the upper surface of the spreading plate is provided with a mounting groove; a glass plate is embedded in the mounting groove; two groups of first paving rods which are parallel to each other are arranged on the upper surface of the glass plate; longitudinal sliding grooves are formed in the opposite surfaces of the two groups of first paving rods; two groups of movable connecting rods which are parallel to each other are arranged between the two groups of first paving rods; the movable connecting rod is vertical to the first paving rod; two ends of the movable connecting rod extend into a cavity inside the second hollow paving rod and are fixedly connected with one end of the first piston plate; one surface of the first piston plate, which is far away from the movable connecting rod, is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the outer side end of the second hollow paving rod through a spring; the number of the second hollow paving rods is four, and the outer side ends of the four groups of the second hollow paving rods are fixedly connected with limiting sliding blocks; the limiting sliding block is mutually connected with the longitudinal sliding groove in a sliding manner; hollow pipes are fixedly arranged on the inner walls of the two ends of the longitudinal sliding groove; a third piston plate is arranged in the hollow pipe in a sliding manner; one surface of the third piston plate, which is far away from the limiting slide block, is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the end part of the longitudinal slide groove through a spring, and one surface of the third piston plate, which is close to the limiting slide block, is fixedly connected with the side surface of the limiting slide block through a first push rod; the interior of the hollow pipe is communicated with the outer side end of the second hollow paving rod through an airflow channel; the air flow channel penetrates through the limiting sliding block, the first push rod and the third piston plate; the surface of the spreading plate is provided with a limiting mechanism for limiting the first spreading rod on the outer side of the glass plate.
When the seawater purification device works, m-phenylenediamine and trimesoyl chloride are subjected to polymerization reaction, so that a polyamide layer is generated on the surface of the polysulfone-based membrane layer, and the polyamide layer can play a role in hydrophilicity and salt hydrophobicity, and can intercept various inorganic ions, colloidal substances and macromolecular solutes in water, so that seawater is purified; according to the invention, polyethylene glycol is added during the preparation of the polysulfone-based membrane layer, and the polyethylene glycol (PEG) contains hydroxyl (ROH) groups, so that the separation membrane has relatively hydrophilic and smooth surface, and in the subsequent interfacial polymerization, trimesoyl chloride can further diffuse into the pores of the base membrane after metaphenylene diamine and the previous hydrophilic groups form hydrogen bonds, and finally a thicker polyamide separation layer is formed, so that the polyamide layer has better seawater desalting effect; meanwhile, the surface of the polyamide is modified by the mixed solution of normal hexane and sodium polyvinylsulfonate, so that the chlorine resistance of the reverse osmosis membrane is improved, and the phenomenon that the membrane structure of the polyamide is damaged by adding sodium hypochlorite into seawater is avoided;
in the prior art, clamps are adopted to fix the non-woven fabric on the periphery of a glass plate when the non-woven fabric is fixed on the glass plate, so that the clamping effect is poor, and time is wasted when a plurality of clamps are adopted to clamp the periphery of the glass plate; when the preparation device is in actual use, the two groups of first paving rods are extruded in opposite directions, so that two ends of the movable connecting rod between the two groups of first paving rods move towards the direction close to the limiting slide block, at the moment, the first piston plates at the two ends of the movable connecting rod can extrude air in the second hollow paving rod, the air in the second hollow paving rod is extruded into the hollow pipe through the air flow channel, the air entering the hollow pipe can extrude the third piston plate to enable the third piston plate to move towards the direction far away from the two ends of the first paving rod, and further, the limiting slide block drives the second hollow paving rod to move towards the middle part of the first paving rod, namely, when the two groups of first paving rods are close to each other, the second hollow paving rod and the movable connecting rod at the corresponding positions are also close to each other, at the moment, the contracted rectangular frame consisting of the first paving rod, the second hollow paving rod and the movable connecting rod can be placed in the middle part of the non-woven fabric, and the rectangular sliding block at the bottom of the first spreading rod is positioned in the T-shaped sliding groove on the surface of the spreading plate, then the hands are slowly loosened, at the moment, the spring fixedly connected with the first piston plate and positioned in the second hollow spreading rod pushes the first spreading rod to move towards two ends of the second hollow spreading rod, the non-woven fabric is flattened towards two ends by the first spreading rod in the process of back-to-back movement, and when the movable connecting rod is gradually pulled out from the inside of the second hollow spreading rod, the space between the outer ends of the first piston plate and the second hollow spreading rod is gradually increased, at the moment, the air positioned in the hollow tube enters the inside of the second hollow spreading rod along the air flow channel, the air pressure in the hollow tube is reduced, and then the third piston plate moves towards the positions close to two ends of the first spreading rod under the action force of the spring fixedly connected with the third piston plate, so that the second hollow spreading rod and the movable connecting rod are driven to move towards the other two edges of the non-woven fabric, the subsequent extension flow of the casting film liquid is facilitated, when the rectangular sliding block is subjected to the limiting action of the limiting mechanism, the rectangular sliding block stops moving, the rectangular frame formed by the first paving rod, the second hollow paving rod and the movable connecting rod is shaped, the edge of the non-woven fabric is pressed, and the casting film liquid can be paved at the moment.
Furthermore, the limiting mechanism comprises a T-shaped sliding groove and a rectangular sliding block; the T-shaped sliding grooves are arranged in two groups, the two groups of T-shaped sliding grooves are parallel to each other, and the T-shaped sliding grooves are perpendicular to the first paving rod; the bottom of the first paving rod is fixedly provided with a rectangular sliding block, and the rectangular sliding block is mutually connected with the T-shaped sliding groove in a sliding manner; during operation, T shape spout and the mutual sliding connection of rectangle slider, and then can play the effect of direction to the removal of first pole that paves, avoid people's visual error to make the removal of first pole that paves not go on along the straight line to avoid causing the non-woven fabrics to pave crooked.
Furthermore, a rectangular cavity is formed inside the rectangular sliding block; two side surfaces of the rectangular sliding block are provided with accommodating grooves communicated with the rectangular cavity; a fixed rod is fixedly arranged at the port of the inner side of the accommodating groove; the fixed rod is fixedly connected with the elastic limiting block through a spring; the inner side ends of the two groups of elastic limiting blocks are fixedly connected through pull ropes; the bottom of the outer side end of the elastic limiting block is of a smooth curved surface structure; the upper surface of the elastic limiting block is uniformly provided with balls; a power mechanism for pushing a pull rope fixedly connected with the elastic limiting block to move is arranged in the rectangular cavity and at the end part of the T-shaped sliding chute; the during operation, because the inside of accomodating the groove is equipped with the elasticity stopper through the spring activity, and then during the inside with rectangle slider embedding T shape spout, the inside that the elasticity stopper can get into T shape spout this moment is close to the flaring position of bottom, thereby can prevent that the rectangle slider from breaking away from swing joint pole's inside, even if not pressing first pole that paves like this also can make first pole and the second hollow pole that paves, swing joint pole compresses tightly the surface at the non-woven fabrics, thereby make first pole that paves, the hollow pole that paves of second, the scalable rectangular frame that swing joint pole constitutes is better to the effect of paving of non-woven fabrics, and also need not press first pole when loosening first pole that paves gradually, and then more laborsaving and convenient.
Further, the power mechanism comprises a push plate, a second push rod, a second piston plate, a columnar groove body, a spring compression pipe and a rubber plate; one end of the spring compression pipe is fixedly connected with the end part of the T-shaped sliding groove; the other end of the spring compression pipe is fixedly connected with the rubber plate; the rubber plate is provided with a first vent hole communicated with the inside of the spring compression pipe; a columnar groove body is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the spring compression pipe, in the rectangular cavity; the outer side wall of the rectangular sliding block is provided with a second vent hole which is communicated with the interior of the columnar groove body; a second piston plate is arranged inside the columnar groove body in a sliding mode; one surface of the second piston plate, which is close to the second vent hole, is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the rectangular cavity through a spring, one surface of the second piston plate, which is far away from the second vent hole, is fixedly connected with one end of a second push rod, and the other end of the second push rod penetrates through the columnar groove body to be fixedly connected with the push plate; when the second push rod moves away from the second vent hole, the push plate pushes the pull rope fixedly connected with the elastic limiting block and enables the elastic limiting block to retract into the accommodating groove; a magnet is arranged inside the rubber plate, and the rectangular sliding block is made of a ferromagnetic material; when the device works, when the rectangular sliding block at the bottom of the first spreading rod slides towards the two ends of the T-shaped sliding groove and is contacted with the rubber plate, the rectangular sliding block continuously moves towards the two ends of the first spreading rod, the gas in the spring compression pipe fixedly connected with the rubber plate after being extruded enters the inside of the cylindrical groove body through the first vent hole on the rubber plate and the second vent hole on the rectangular sliding block, so that the second piston plate is pushed towards the direction far away from the second vent hole, at the moment, the second push rod gradually extends out from the inside of the cylindrical groove body and pulls the middle part of the pull rope fixedly connected with the elastic limit block towards the direction far away from the second vent hole, and further when the rectangular sliding block stops moving, the elastic limit block is completely contracted in the accommodating groove, and the first spreading rod is fixed on the upper surface of the spreading plate under the clamping force of the rubber plate and the spring compression pipe, and then can carry out the shop of membrane casting liquid this moment, can directly upwards mention first pole of paving after the completion of paving, and then make the rectangle slider break away from the T shape spout, can directly take off the rectangle frame that first pole of paving, the hollow pole of paving of second, swing joint pole are constituteed, be convenient for carry out subsequent operation.
Furthermore, shrinkage grooves are formed in the bottoms of the first paving rod and the second hollow paving rod; the inner wall of the top of the contraction groove is fixedly connected with the top of the rubber pressing plate through a spring; the bottom of the rubber pressing plate is uniformly provided with rubber sheets, and the rubber sheets are arranged along the length direction of the first paving rod and the second hollow paving rod; the during operation, the spring that links firmly with rubber clamp plate compresses tightly rubber clamp plate elasticity on the surface of spreading out the flat non-woven fabrics for first pole, the hollow pole and the swing joint pole that paves of second are better to the effect of paving of non-woven fabrics, and because rubber clamp plate's bottom evenly is equipped with the rubber thin slice, and then the rubber thin slice can increase the frictional resistance between rubber clamp plate and the non-woven fabrics, further improves the effect of paving of rubber clamp plate to the non-woven fabrics.
A preparation method of a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination is suitable for the preparation device of the polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination, and comprises the following steps:
s1: cleaning polysulfone particles, drying the particles in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 100-;
s2: then putting the spreading plate and the scraper in the preparation device into a 75-85 ℃ oven for preheating for 30min, spreading the non-woven fabric on the upper surface of the glass plate on the surface of the spreading plate, and spreading and fixing the non-woven fabric on the upper surface of the spreading plate by adopting a first spreading rod and a second hollow spreading rod in the preparation device;
s3: taking out the preheated scraper from the oven, pouring the casting solution prepared in S1 into the scraper, slowly moving the scraper on the surface of the non-woven fabric to uniformly spread the casting solution on the surface of the non-woven fabric, then moving a first spreading rod, a second hollow spreading rod and a movable connecting rod in the preparation device away from the surface of a spreading plate, placing the spreading plate in ultrafiltration water at 24-28 ℃ for soaking for 30min, and finally placing the spreading plate in deionized water for standing for later use;
s4: placing an upper membrane frame on the upper surface of a spreading plate, clamping and fixing the peripheries of the spreading plate and the upper membrane frame by adopting a clamp, arranging a rubber gasket for sealing between the spreading plate and the upper membrane frame, cleaning the surface of the spreading plate by using deionized water, and removing redundant solution on the upper surface of the spreading plate by using a PVA hydrophilic roller;
s5: pouring the water phase dissolved with 10-12 parts of m-phenylenediamine into the interior of the upper membrane frame, shaking the water phase on a shaking table for 5-10min, pouring the water phase out, drying the water phase in a nitrogen atmosphere for 15-20min, mixing 25-30 parts of n-hexane and 18-20 parts of trimesoyl chloride uniformly to form an oil phase, pouring the oil phase into the interior of the upper membrane frame, standing the mixture for 10-15min, pouring the mixture out, washing the mixture with deionized water, and removing the redundant solution on the upper surface of the spreading plate by using a PVA hydrophilic roller;
s6: and finally, pouring the mixed solution of 8-10 parts of n-hexane and 4-5 parts of sodium polyvinyl sulfonate into the upper membrane frame, standing for 25-30min, and drying for 5-10min in a nitrogen environment.
A polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination is prepared by the preparation method of the polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, m-phenylenediamine and trimesoyl chloride are subjected to polymerization reaction, so that a polyamide layer is generated on the surface of the polysulfone-based membrane layer, and the polyamide layer can play a role in hydrophilicity and salt hydrophobicity, and further can intercept various inorganic ions, colloidal substances and macromolecular solutes in water, thereby purifying seawater; according to the invention, polyethylene glycol is added during the preparation of the polysulfone-based membrane layer, and the polyethylene glycol (PEG) contains hydroxyl (ROH) groups, so that the separation membrane has relatively hydrophilic and smooth surface, and in the subsequent interfacial polymerization, trimesoyl chloride can further diffuse into the pores of the base membrane after metaphenylene diamine and the previous hydrophilic groups form hydrogen bonds, and finally a thicker polyamide separation layer is formed, so that the polyamide layer has better seawater desalting effect; meanwhile, the surface of the polyamide is modified by the mixed solution of normal hexane and sodium polyvinylsulfonate, so that the chlorine resistance of the reverse osmosis membrane is improved, and the phenomenon that the membrane structure of the polyamide is damaged by adding sodium hypochlorite in seawater is avoided.
2. The preparation device can pave the non-woven fabric to the periphery of the non-woven fabric from the center of the non-woven fabric, and press and fix the edge of the non-woven fabric, so that the casting solution has better ductility when being poured on the surface of the non-woven fabric, and the uniformity of the permeable membrane is improved.
3. Through setting up T shape spout, rectangle slider and power unit, and then when rectangle slider stop motion, the elasticity stopper also will contract completely in the inside of accomodating the groove, first pole of paving will be fixed at the upper surface of the board of paving under the clamp force of rubber slab and spring compression pipe, and then can carry out the paving of casting film liquid this moment, pave and can directly upwards mention first pole of paving after accomplishing, and then make the rectangle slider break away from in the T shape spout, can directly take off first pole of paving, the hollow pole of paving of second, the rectangular frame that swing joint pole is constituteed, be convenient for carry out subsequent operation.
4. Through setting up rubber clamp plate and rubber thin slice, rubber clamp plate elasticity compresses tightly the surface at the paver non-woven fabrics for first paver pole, the hollow paver pole of second and swing joint pole are better to the effect of paving of non-woven fabrics, and because rubber clamp plate's bottom evenly is equipped with the rubber thin slice, and then the rubber thin slice can increase the frictional resistance between rubber clamp plate and the non-woven fabrics, further improves the paver effect of rubber clamp plate to the non-woven fabrics.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a production apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the production apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at B;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection of the first paving rod to the rubber platen;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection of a rectangular slider to a T-shaped chute;
in the figure: the device comprises a paving plate 1, a first paving rod 2, a second hollow paving rod 3, a movable connecting rod 4, a T-shaped sliding groove 5, a rubber plate 6, a first vent hole 7, a mounting groove 9, a glass plate 10, a spring compression pipe 11, a first piston plate 14, a longitudinal sliding groove 16, a limiting sliding block 17, a first push rod 18, an air flow channel 19, a rectangular sliding block 20, a rectangular cavity 21, an elastic limiting block 26, a containing groove 27, a fixing rod 28, a push plate 29, a second push rod 30, a second piston plate 31, a second vent hole 32, a columnar groove body 33, a contraction groove 34, a rubber pressing plate 35, a rubber sheet 36, a third piston plate 37 and a hollow pipe 38.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a preparation apparatus of a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination includes a spreader plate 1, a first spreader bar 2, a second hollow spreader bar 3, and a movable connection bar 4; the upper surface of the spreading plate 1 is provided with a mounting groove 9; a glass plate 10 is embedded in the mounting groove 9; two groups of first paving rods 2 which are parallel to each other are arranged on the upper surface of the glass plate 10; the opposite surfaces of the two groups of first paving rods 2 are provided with longitudinal sliding chutes 16; two groups of movable connecting rods 4 which are parallel to each other are arranged between the two groups of first paving rods 2; the movable connecting rod 4 is perpendicular to the first paving rod 2; two ends of the movable connecting rod 4 extend into a cavity inside the second hollow paving rod 3 and are fixedly connected with one end of the first piston plate 14; one surface of the first piston plate 14, which is far away from the movable connecting rod 4, is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the outer end of the second hollow paving rod 3 through a spring; the number of the second hollow paving rods 3 is four, and the outer side ends of the four groups of the second hollow paving rods 3 are fixedly connected with a limiting slide block 17; the limiting slide block 17 is connected with the longitudinal slide groove 16 in a sliding manner; hollow pipes 38 are fixedly arranged on the inner walls of the two ends of the longitudinal sliding groove 16; a third piston plate 37 is arranged inside the hollow pipe 38 in a sliding manner; one surface of the third piston plate 37, which is far away from the limiting slide block 17, is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the end part of the longitudinal slide groove 16 through a spring, and one surface of the third piston plate 37, which is close to the limiting slide block 17, is fixedly connected with the side surface of the limiting slide block 17 through a first push rod 18; the interior of the hollow pipe 38 is communicated with the outer end of the second hollow paving rod 3 through an airflow channel 19; the air flow channel 19 is arranged through the limiting slide block 17, the first push rod 18 and the third piston plate 37; a limiting mechanism for limiting the first spreading rod 2 is arranged on the outer side of the glass plate 10 on the surface of the spreading plate 1;
when the seawater purification device works, m-phenylenediamine and trimesoyl chloride are subjected to polymerization reaction, so that a polyamide layer is generated on the surface of the polysulfone-based membrane layer, and the polyamide layer can play a role in hydrophilicity and salt hydrophobicity, and can intercept various inorganic ions, colloidal substances and macromolecular solutes in water, so that seawater is purified; according to the invention, polyethylene glycol is added during the preparation of the polysulfone-based membrane layer, and the polyethylene glycol (PEG) contains hydroxyl (ROH) groups, so that the separation membrane has relatively hydrophilic and smooth surface, and in the subsequent interfacial polymerization, trimesoyl chloride can further diffuse into the pores of the base membrane after metaphenylene diamine and the previous hydrophilic groups form hydrogen bonds, and finally a thicker polyamide separation layer is formed, so that the polyamide layer has better seawater desalting effect; meanwhile, the surface of the polyamide is modified by the mixed solution of normal hexane and sodium polyvinylsulfonate, so that the chlorine resistance of the reverse osmosis membrane is improved, and the phenomenon that the membrane structure of the polyamide is damaged by adding sodium hypochlorite into seawater is avoided;
in the prior art, clamps are adopted to fix the non-woven fabric on the periphery of the glass plate 10, so that the clamping effect is poor, and time is wasted by clamping the non-woven fabric on the periphery of the glass plate 10 by adopting a plurality of clamps; when the preparation device is actually used, the two groups of first paving rods 2 are extruded in opposite directions, so that the two ends of the movable connecting rod 4 between the two groups of first paving rods 2 move towards the direction close to the limiting slide block 17, at this time, the first piston plates 14 at the two ends of the movable connecting rod 4 extrude the air inside the second hollow paving rod 3, and the air inside the second hollow paving rod 3 is extruded into the hollow tube 38 through the air flow channel 19, the air entering the hollow tube 38 extrudes the third piston plate 37, so that the third piston plate 37 moves towards the direction far away from the two ends of the first paving rod 2, and the limiting slide block 17 drives the second hollow paving rod 3 to move towards the middle part of the first paving rod 2, that is, when the two groups of first paving rods 2 are close to each other, the second hollow paving rod 3 and the movable connecting rod 4 at the corresponding positions are also close to each other, at this time, the first paving rods 2, the two groups of first paving rods 2, and the second hollow, The contracted rectangular frame composed of the second hollow paving rod 3 and the movable connecting rod 4 is placed in the middle of the non-woven fabric, the rectangular sliding block 20 at the bottom of the first paving rod 2 is positioned in the T-shaped sliding groove 5 on the surface of the paving board 1, then the hand is slowly loosened, the spring fixedly connected with the first piston plate 14 and positioned in the second hollow paving rod 3 at the moment pushes the first paving rod 2 to move towards the two ends of the second hollow paving rod 3, the non-woven fabric is paved towards the two ends in the process of back-to-back movement of the first paving rod 2, and when the movable connecting rod 4 is gradually pulled out from the inside of the second hollow paving rod 3, the space between the outer ends of the first piston plate 14 and the second hollow paving rod 3 is gradually increased at the moment, the air positioned in the hollow pipe 38 enters the second hollow paving rod 3 along the air flow channel 19 at the moment, the air pressure in the hollow pipe 38 is reduced, and then the third piston plate 37 will be in the position removal of the spring that links firmly with it down being close to first pole 2 both ends of spreading, and then will drive second hollow pole 3 and the swing joint pole 4 of spreading and move and spread the non-woven fabrics flat to two other edges of non-woven fabrics, the continuous stream of the subsequent casting film liquid of being convenient for, and will stop moving and finalize the design with the rectangular frame that first pole 2, the hollow pole 3 that spreads of second, swing joint pole 4 are constituteed when rectangle slider 20 receives stop gear's spacing effect, and then push down the edge of non-woven fabrics, can carry out the shakeout of casting film liquid this moment.
The limiting mechanism comprises a T-shaped sliding groove 5 and a rectangular sliding block 20; the T-shaped sliding chutes 5 are arranged in two groups, the two groups of T-shaped sliding chutes 5 are parallel to each other, and the T-shaped sliding chutes 5 are perpendicular to the first paving rod 2; a rectangular sliding block 20 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first paving rod 2, and the rectangular sliding block 20 is mutually connected with the T-shaped sliding chute 5 in a sliding manner; during operation, T shape spout 5 and the mutual sliding connection of rectangle slider 20, and then can play the effect of direction to the removal of first pole 2 that paves, avoid people's visual error to make the removal of first pole 2 that paves not go on along the straight line to avoid causing the non-woven fabrics to pave crooked.
A rectangular cavity 21 is formed inside the rectangular sliding block 20; two side surfaces of the rectangular sliding block 20 are provided with accommodating grooves 27 which are mutually communicated with the rectangular cavity 21; a fixed rod 28 is fixedly arranged at the port of the inner side of the accommodating groove 27; the fixed rod 28 is fixedly connected with the elastic limiting block 26 through a spring; the inner side ends of the two groups of elastic limiting blocks 26 are fixedly connected through pull ropes; the bottom of the outer side end of the elastic limiting block 26 is of a smooth curved surface structure; the upper surface of the elastic limiting block 26 is uniformly provided with balls; a power mechanism for pushing a pull rope fixedly connected with an elastic limiting block 26 to move is arranged in the rectangular cavity 21 and at the end part of the T-shaped sliding chute 5; the during operation, because the inside of accomodating groove 27 is equipped with elastic limiting block 26 through the spring activity, and then during the inside with rectangle slider 20 embedding T shape spout 5, elastic limiting block 26 can get into the inside of T shape spout 5 this moment and be close to the flaring position of bottom, thereby can prevent that rectangle slider 20 breaks away from the inside of swing joint pole 4, even if not pressing first pole 2 that paves also can make first pole 2 and the hollow pole 3 that paves of second, swing joint pole 4 compresses tightly the surface at the non-woven fabrics, thereby make first pole 2 that paves, the hollow pole 3 that paves of second, the scalable rectangular frame that swing joint pole 4 constitutes is better to the effect of paving of non-woven fabrics, and also need not press first pole 2 that paves when loosening first pole 2 gradually, and then more laborsaving and convenient.
The power mechanism comprises a push plate 29, a second push rod 30, a second piston plate 31, a columnar groove body 33, a spring compression pipe 11 and a rubber plate 6; one end of the spring compression pipe 11 is fixedly connected with the end part of the T-shaped sliding groove 5; the other end of the spring compression pipe 11 is fixedly connected with the rubber plate 6; the rubber plate 6 is provided with a first vent hole 7 which is communicated with the inside of the spring compression pipe 11; a cylindrical groove body 33 is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the spring compression pipe 11, in the rectangular cavity 21; the outer side wall of the rectangular sliding block 20 is provided with a second vent hole 32 which is communicated with the interior of the columnar groove body 33; a second piston plate 31 is arranged inside the columnar groove body 33 in a sliding mode; one surface of the second piston plate 31 close to the second vent hole 32 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the rectangular cavity 21 through a spring, one surface of the second piston plate 31 far away from the second vent hole 32 is fixedly connected with one end of the second push rod 30, and the other end of the second push rod 30 penetrates through the columnar groove body 33 to be fixedly connected with the push plate 29; when the second push rod 30 moves away from the second vent hole 32, the push plate 29 pushes the pull rope fixedly connected with the elastic limit block 26 and makes the elastic limit block 26 retract into the accommodating groove 27; a magnet is arranged inside the rubber plate 6, and the rectangular sliding block 20 is made of a ferromagnetic material; when the spreading device works, when the rectangular sliding block 20 at the bottom of the first spreading rod 2 slides towards two ends of the T-shaped chute 5, and when the rectangular sliding block 20 contacts with the rubber plate 6, the rectangular sliding block 20 continuously moves towards two ends of the first spreading rod 2, the air inside the spring compression pipe 11 fixedly connected with the rubber plate 6 after being extruded will enter the inside of the cylindrical groove body 33 through the first vent hole 7 on the rubber plate 6 and the second vent hole 32 on the rectangular sliding block 20, so as to push the second piston plate 31 towards the direction far away from the second vent hole 32, at this time, the second push rod 30 will gradually stretch out from the inside of the cylindrical groove body 33 and pull the middle part of the pull rope fixedly connected with the elastic limit block 26 towards the direction far away from the second vent hole 32, and further when the rectangular sliding block 20 stops moving, the elastic limit block 26 will also be completely contracted inside the accommodating groove 27, and the first spreading rod 2 will be fixed on the upper surface of the spreading plate 1 under the clamping force of the rubber plate 6 and the spring compression pipe 11, and then can carry out the pave of membrane casting liquid this moment, pave and can directly upwards mention first pole 2 that paves after accomplishing, and then make rectangle slider 20 break away from T shape spout 5, can directly take off the rectangular frame that first pole 2, the hollow pole 3 that paves of second, swing joint pole 4 are constituteed, be convenient for carry on subsequent operation.
The bottoms of the first paving rod 2 and the second hollow paving rod 3 are both provided with a contraction groove 34; the inner wall of the top of the contraction groove 34 is fixedly connected with the top of the rubber pressing plate 35 through a spring; rubber sheets 36 are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the rubber pressing plate 35, and the rubber sheets 36 are arranged along the length direction of the first paving rod 2 and the second hollow paving rod 3; the during operation, the spring that links firmly with rubber clamp plate 35 compresses tightly rubber clamp plate 35 elasticity on the surface of 1 non-woven fabrics of spreading out the bed for first spreading pole 2, the hollow pole 3 that paves of second and swing joint pole 4 are better to the effect of paving of non-woven fabrics, and because rubber clamp plate 35's bottom evenly is equipped with rubber thin slice 36, and then rubber thin slice 36 can increase the frictional resistance between rubber clamp plate 35 and the non-woven fabrics, further improves the effect of paving of rubber clamp plate 35 to the non-woven fabrics.
A preparation method of a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination is suitable for the preparation device of the polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination, and comprises the following steps:
s1: cleaning polysulfone particles, drying the particles in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 100-;
s2: then putting the spreading plate 1 and a scraper in the preparation device into a 75-85 ℃ oven for preheating for 30min, spreading the non-woven fabric on the upper surface of the glass plate 10 on the surface of the spreading plate 1, and spreading and fixing the non-woven fabric on the upper surface of the spreading plate 1 by adopting a first spreading rod 2 and a second hollow spreading rod 3 in the preparation device;
s3: taking out the preheated scraper from the oven, pouring the casting solution prepared in S1 into the scraper, slowly moving the scraper on the surface of the non-woven fabric to uniformly spread the casting solution on the surface of the non-woven fabric, then moving the first spreading rod 2, the second hollow spreading rod 3 and the movable connecting rod 4 in the preparation device away from the surface of the spreading plate 1, placing the spreading plate 1 in ultrafiltration water at 24-28 ℃ for soaking for 30min, and finally placing the spreading plate in deionized water for standing for later use;
s4: placing an upper membrane frame on the upper surface of a spreading plate 1, clamping and fixing the spreading plate 1 and the periphery of the upper membrane frame by a clamp, arranging a rubber gasket for sealing between the spreading plate 1 and the upper membrane frame, cleaning the surface of the spreading plate 1 by deionized water, and removing redundant solution on the upper surface of the spreading plate 1 by a PVA hydrophilic roller;
s5: pouring the water phase dissolved with 10-12 parts of m-phenylenediamine into the upper membrane frame, shaking the water phase on a shaking table for 5-10min, pouring the water phase out, drying the water phase in a nitrogen atmosphere for 15-20min, mixing 25-30 parts of n-hexane and 18-20 parts of trimesoyl chloride uniformly to form an oil phase, pouring the oil phase into the upper membrane frame, standing the oil phase for 10-15min, pouring the oil phase out, washing the oil phase with deionized water, and removing the redundant solution on the upper surface of the spreading plate 1 by using a PVA hydrophilic roller;
s6: and finally, pouring the mixed solution of 8-10 parts of n-hexane and 4-5 parts of sodium polyvinyl sulfonate into the upper membrane frame, standing for 25-30min, and drying for 5-10min in a nitrogen environment.
A polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination is prepared by the preparation method of the polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination.
In order to verify the specific performance of the polyamide reverse osmosis membrane prepared by the invention, the following experiment is designed:
experiment one (chlorine resistance): the experimental group comprises 12 reverse osmosis membranes prepared by the first five steps of the invention, the comparison group comprises 12 reverse osmosis membranes prepared by the six steps, before the experiment, 6 reverse osmosis membranes in the experimental group and 6 reverse osmosis membranes in the comparison group are clamped by a membrane frame to prepare a partition plate, then the partition plate is respectively placed in the middle of a water tank, raw water is added into one side of the partition plate in the water tank, when the solutions on the two sides of the partition plate are in a flush state, the conductivity of the filtered water is tested, then the comparison group and the residual reverse osmosis membranes in the experimental group are respectively placed in clean beakers with the same volume, 600ml of 20% sodium hypochlorite solution is added into the beakers to be soaked for 3d, then the conductivity of the filtered water is tested by the same method, and the experimental result is shown in the table I.
Watch 1
Figure 207405DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
And (4) conclusion: from the above data, the purification effect of the reverse osmosis membrane modified by the sodium polyvinyl sulfonate is basically the same as that of the reverse osmosis membrane not modified by the sodium polyvinyl sulfonate, but after the reverse osmosis membrane modified by the sodium polyvinyl sulfonate and the reverse osmosis membrane not modified by the sodium polyvinyl sulfonate are soaked in a sodium hypochlorite solution, the rejection rate of the modified reverse osmosis membrane to the salt in the raw water is obviously higher, specifically, the conductivity of the filtered water is lower, namely, the content of the salt ions in the filtered water is lower, so that the tolerance of the reverse osmosis membrane modified by the sodium polyvinyl sulfonate to the sodium hypochlorite is better.
Experiment two (filtration effect test): the experimental group is 12 reverse osmosis membranes manufactured by the method of the invention, the comparison group is a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane manufactured by the method of the invention without adding polyethylene glycol, the 24 reverse osmosis membranes are clamped by a membrane frame to form a separation plate, then the separation plates are respectively placed in the middle of a water tank, raw water is added into the water tank at one side of the separation plate, when the solutions at the two sides of the separation plate are in a flush state, the filtered water is subjected to conductivity test, and the experimental result is shown in the table II.
Watch two
Figure 970830DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
And (4) conclusion: from the data, the reverse osmosis membrane added with the poly hexanediol has lower conductivity of filtrate obtained after raw water filtration, that is, the reverse osmosis membrane has higher salt rejection rate and better filtration effect, because the polyethylene glycol (PEG) contains hydroxyl (ROH) groups, the separation membrane has relatively hydrophilic and smooth surface, in the subsequent interfacial polymerization, trimesoyl chloride further diffuses into pores of the base membrane after the m-phenylenediamine forms hydrogen bonds with the hydrophilic groups, and finally forms a thicker polyamide separation layer, so that the polyamide layer has better seawater desalination effect.
Experiment three: the experimental group adopts the preparation device of the invention to spread the non-woven fabric, then uses a scraper to spread the casting solution on the surface of the non-woven fabric uniformly, then places the non-woven fabric in ultrafiltration water of 24-28 ℃ to soak for 30min, takes out and selects 10 points on the surface of the non-woven fabric to carry out thickness test, the comparison group directly adopts a clamp to clamp the non-woven fabric on a glass plate, the casting solution is spread on the surface of the non-woven fabric uniformly by the scraper in the same way, then places the non-woven fabric in ultrafiltration water of 24-28 ℃ to soak for 30min, takes out and selects 10 points on the surface of the non-woven fabric to carry out thickness test by using a thickness tester, and the experimental results are.
Watch III
Figure 366040DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
And (4) conclusion: according to the experimental data, the preparation device disclosed by the invention is used for paving the base-layer non-woven fabric, so that the casting film liquid can be more uniformly paved on the surface of the non-woven fabric, and the thickness of the finally prepared reverse osmosis membrane is more uniform.
The specific working process of the invention is as follows:
when the seawater purification device works, m-phenylenediamine and trimesoyl chloride are subjected to polymerization reaction, so that a polyamide layer is generated on the surface of the polysulfone-based membrane layer, and the polyamide layer can play a role in hydrophilicity and salt hydrophobicity, and can intercept various inorganic ions, colloidal substances and macromolecular solutes in water, so that seawater is purified; according to the invention, polyethylene glycol is added during the preparation of the polysulfone-based membrane layer, and the polyethylene glycol (PEG) contains hydroxyl (ROH) groups, so that the separation membrane has relatively hydrophilic and smooth surface, and in the subsequent interfacial polymerization, trimesoyl chloride can further diffuse into the pores of the base membrane after metaphenylene diamine and the previous hydrophilic groups form hydrogen bonds, and finally a thicker polyamide separation layer is formed, so that the polyamide layer has better seawater desalting effect; meanwhile, the surface of the polyamide is modified by the mixed solution of normal hexane and sodium polyvinylsulfonate, so that the chlorine resistance of the reverse osmosis membrane is improved, and the phenomenon that the membrane structure of the polyamide is damaged by adding sodium hypochlorite into seawater is avoided;
in the prior art, clamps are adopted to fix the non-woven fabric on the periphery of the glass plate 10, so that the clamping effect is poor, and time is wasted by clamping the non-woven fabric on the periphery of the glass plate 10 by adopting a plurality of clamps; when the preparation device is actually used, the two groups of first paving rods 2 are extruded in opposite directions, so that the two ends of the movable connecting rod 4 between the two groups of first paving rods 2 move towards the direction close to the limiting slide block 17, at this time, the first piston plates 14 at the two ends of the movable connecting rod 4 extrude the air inside the second hollow paving rod 3, and the air inside the second hollow paving rod 3 is extruded into the hollow tube 38 through the air flow channel 19, the air entering the hollow tube 38 extrudes the third piston plate 37, so that the third piston plate 37 moves towards the direction far away from the two ends of the first paving rod 2, and the limiting slide block 17 drives the second hollow paving rod 3 to move towards the middle part of the first paving rod 2, that is, when the two groups of first paving rods 2 are close to each other, the second hollow paving rod 3 and the movable connecting rod 4 at the corresponding positions are also close to each other, at this time, the first paving rods 2, the two groups of first paving rods 2, and the second hollow, The contracted rectangular frame composed of the second hollow paving rod 3 and the movable connecting rod 4 is placed in the middle of the non-woven fabric, the rectangular sliding block 20 at the bottom of the first paving rod 2 is positioned in the T-shaped sliding groove 5 on the surface of the paving board 1, then the hand is slowly loosened, the spring fixedly connected with the first piston plate 14 and positioned in the second hollow paving rod 3 at the moment pushes the first paving rod 2 to move towards the two ends of the second hollow paving rod 3, the non-woven fabric is paved towards the two ends in the process of back-to-back movement of the first paving rod 2, and when the movable connecting rod 4 is gradually pulled out from the inside of the second hollow paving rod 3, the space between the outer ends of the first piston plate 14 and the second hollow paving rod 3 is gradually increased at the moment, the air positioned in the hollow pipe 38 enters the second hollow paving rod 3 along the air flow channel 19 at the moment, the air pressure in the hollow pipe 38 is reduced, and then the third piston plate 37 will be in the position removal of the spring that links firmly with it down being close to first pole 2 both ends of spreading, and then will drive second hollow pole 3 and the swing joint pole 4 of spreading and move and spread the non-woven fabrics flat to two other edges of non-woven fabrics, the continuous stream of the subsequent casting film liquid of being convenient for, and will stop moving and finalize the design with the rectangular frame that first pole 2, the hollow pole 3 that spreads of second, swing joint pole 4 are constituteed when rectangle slider 20 receives stop gear's spacing effect, and then push down the edge of non-woven fabrics, can carry out the shakeout of casting film liquid this moment.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation facilities of polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination which characterized in that: comprises a paving plate (1), a first paving rod (2), a second hollow paving rod (3) and a movable connecting rod (4); the upper surface of the spreading plate (1) is provided with a mounting groove (9); a glass plate (10) is embedded in the mounting groove (9); two groups of first paving rods (2) which are parallel to each other are arranged on the upper surface of the glass plate (10); longitudinal sliding grooves (16) are formed in the opposite surfaces of the two groups of first paving rods (2); two groups of movable connecting rods (4) which are parallel to each other are arranged between the two groups of first paving rods (2); the movable connecting rod (4) is vertical to the first paving rod (2); two ends of the movable connecting rod (4) extend into a cavity inside the second hollow paving rod (3) and are fixedly connected with one end of the first piston plate (14); one surface of the first piston plate (14), which is far away from the movable connecting rod (4), is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the outer side end of the second hollow paving rod (3) through a spring; the number of the second hollow paving rods (3) is four, and the outer side ends of the four groups of the second hollow paving rods (3) are fixedly connected with a limiting slide block (17); the limiting sliding block (17) is connected with the longitudinal sliding groove (16) in a sliding manner; hollow pipes (38) are fixedly arranged on the inner walls of the two ends of the longitudinal sliding groove (16); a third piston plate (37) is arranged in the hollow pipe (38) in a sliding manner; one surface, far away from the limiting sliding block (17), of the third piston plate (37) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the end part of the longitudinal sliding groove (16) through a spring, and one surface, close to the limiting sliding block (17), of the third piston plate (37) is fixedly connected with the side surface of the limiting sliding block (17) through a first push rod (18); the interior of the hollow pipe (38) is communicated with the outer side end of the second hollow paving rod (3) through an airflow channel (19); the air flow channel (19) penetrates through the limiting sliding block (17), the first push rod (18) and the third piston plate (37); the surface of the spreading plate (1) is positioned on the outer side of the glass plate (10) and is provided with a limiting mechanism for limiting the first spreading rod (2).
2. The apparatus for preparing a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination according to claim 1, characterized in that: the limiting mechanism comprises a T-shaped sliding groove (5) and a rectangular sliding block (20); the T-shaped sliding chutes (5) are arranged in two groups, the two groups of T-shaped sliding chutes (5) are parallel to each other, and the T-shaped sliding chutes (5) are perpendicular to the first paving rod (2); the bottom of the first paving rod (2) is fixedly provided with a rectangular sliding block (20), and the rectangular sliding block (20) is connected with the T-shaped sliding groove (5) in a sliding mode.
3. The apparatus for preparing a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination according to claim 2, characterized in that: a rectangular cavity (21) is formed in the rectangular sliding block (20); two side surfaces of the rectangular sliding block (20) are provided with accommodating grooves (27) which are mutually communicated with the rectangular cavity (21); a fixed rod (28) is fixedly arranged at the port of the inner side of the accommodating groove (27); the fixed rod (28) is fixedly connected with the elastic limiting block (26) through a spring; the inner side ends of the two groups of elastic limiting blocks (26) are fixedly connected through pull ropes; the bottom of the outer side end of the elastic limiting block (26) is of a smooth curved surface structure; the upper surface of the elastic limiting block (26) is uniformly provided with balls; and power mechanisms for pushing the pull rope fixedly connected with the elastic limiting block (26) to move are arranged in the rectangular cavity (21) and at the end part of the T-shaped sliding groove (5).
4. The apparatus for preparing a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination according to claim 3, characterized in that: the power mechanism comprises a push plate (29), a second push rod (30), a second piston plate (31), a columnar groove body (33), a spring compression pipe (11) and a rubber plate (6); one end of the spring compression pipe (11) is fixedly connected with the end part of the T-shaped sliding groove (5); the other end of the spring compression pipe (11) is fixedly connected with the rubber plate (6); the rubber plate (6) is provided with a first vent hole (7) which is communicated with the inside of the spring compression pipe (11); a columnar groove body (33) is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the spring compression pipe (11), in the rectangular cavity (21); a second vent hole (32) communicated with the interior of the columnar groove body (33) is formed in the outer side wall of the rectangular sliding block (20); a second piston plate (31) is arranged in the columnar groove body (33) in a sliding manner; one surface of the second piston plate (31) close to the second vent hole (32) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the rectangular cavity (21) through a spring, one surface of the second piston plate (31) far away from the second vent hole (32) is fixedly connected with one end of a second push rod (30), and the other end of the second push rod (30) penetrates through the columnar groove body (33) to be fixedly connected with the push plate (29); when the second push rod (30) moves towards the direction far away from the second vent hole (32), the push plate (29) pushes the pull rope fixedly connected with the elastic limiting block (26) and enables the elastic limiting block (26) to retract into the accommodating groove (27); the inside of rubber slab (6) is equipped with magnet, and rectangle slider (20) are ferromagnetic material and make.
5. The apparatus for preparing a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottoms of the first paving rod (2) and the second hollow paving rod (3) are both provided with a contraction groove (34); the inner wall of the top of the contraction groove (34) is fixedly connected with the top of the rubber pressing plate (35) through a spring; the bottom of rubber clamp plate (35) evenly is equipped with rubber sheet (36), and rubber sheet (36) set up along the length direction of first paver pole (2) and second hollow paver pole (3).
6. A preparation method of a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination is characterized by comprising the following steps: the apparatus for preparing a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1: cleaning polysulfone particles, drying the particles in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 100-;
s2: then putting the spreading plate (1) and a scraper in the preparation device into a 75-85 ℃ oven for preheating for 30min, spreading the non-woven fabric on the upper surface of the glass plate (10) on the surface of the spreading plate (1), and spreading and fixing the non-woven fabric on the upper surface of the spreading plate (1) by adopting a first spreading rod (2) and a second hollow spreading rod (3) in the preparation device;
s3: taking out the preheated scraper from the oven, pouring the casting solution prepared in S1 into the scraper, slowly moving the scraper on the surface of the non-woven fabric to uniformly spread the casting solution on the surface of the non-woven fabric, then removing a first spreading rod (2), a second hollow spreading rod (3) and a movable connecting rod (4) in the preparation device from the surface of a spreading plate (1), placing the spreading plate (1) in ultrafiltration water at 24-28 ℃ for soaking for 30min, and finally placing the spreading plate in deionized water for standing for later use;
s4: placing an upper membrane frame on the upper surface of a spreading plate (1), clamping and fixing the spreading plate (1) and the periphery of the upper membrane frame by a clamp, arranging a rubber gasket for sealing between the spreading plate (1) and the upper membrane frame, cleaning the surface of the spreading plate (1) by deionized water, and removing redundant solution on the upper surface of the spreading plate (1) by a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) hydrophilic roller;
s5: pouring the water phase dissolved with 10-12 parts of m-phenylenediamine into the upper membrane frame, shaking the water phase on a shaking table for 5-10min, pouring the water phase out, drying the water phase in a nitrogen atmosphere for 15-20min, mixing 25-30 parts of n-hexane and 18-20 parts of trimesoyl chloride uniformly to form an oil phase, pouring the oil phase into the upper membrane frame, standing the oil phase for 10-15min, pouring the oil phase out, washing the oil phase with deionized water, and removing the redundant solution on the upper surface of the spreading plate (1) by using a PVA hydrophilic roller;
s6: and finally, pouring the mixed solution of 8-10 parts of n-hexane and 4-5 parts of sodium polyvinyl sulfonate into the upper membrane frame, standing for 25-30min, and drying for 5-10min in a nitrogen environment.
7. A polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination is characterized in that: the method for preparing the polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for sea water desalination according to claim 6.
CN202110222410.0A 2021-03-01 2021-03-01 Preparation method and device of polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination Active CN112546881B (en)

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