CN112545510A

CN112545510A - Hemodialysis is with preventing blood coagulation blood sampling case

Info

Publication number: CN112545510A
Application number: CN202011410343.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董璠; 陈勇霞; 王静; 谭允; 李阳; 霍晋熠
Original assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2020-12-04
Filing date: 2020-12-04
Publication date: 2021-03-26

Abstract

A blood coagulation prevention blood sampling box for hemodialysis comprises a box body, a box cover arranged on the box body in an openable and closable manner, a vibration slot arranged in the box body, a lifting seat arranged on the inner side of the box cover and a rotary drum arranged on the outer side of the box cover; the blood sampling device further comprises a vibration device for driving the vibration slot to vibrate along the horizontal direction, an adjusting device for controlling the blood sampling needle head to be respectively communicated with or separated from the corresponding negative pressure blood sampling tube under the state that the box cover is closed, and a motor for driving the vibration device and the adjusting device; the invention can reduce the opening and closing operation of the box cover, is beneficial to keeping constant temperature in the box body, and reduces the operation difficulty of inserting the puncture needle to the rubber plug or pulling the puncture needle off the rubber plug, thereby ensuring the sealing degree between the puncture needle and the rubber plug.

Description

Hemodialysis is with preventing blood coagulation blood sampling case

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a blood coagulation prevention blood sampling box for hemodialysis.

Background

Hemodialysis (HD) is one of the alternative treatments for the kidney of patients with acute and chronic renal failure. The method comprises the steps of draining blood in vivo to the outside of the body, enabling the blood and electrolyte solution (dialysate) with similar body concentration to be inside and outside one hollow fiber through a dialyzer consisting of a plurality of hollow fibers, and carrying out substance exchange through dispersion, ultrafiltration, adsorption and convection principles, so as to remove metabolic waste in the body and maintain the balance of electrolyte and acid and alkali; at the same time, the excess water in the body is removed, and the purified blood is returned.

Blood samples of a patient are collected before and after hemodialysis so as to accurately evaluate the Kt/V of the patient, and correct collection of the blood samples by a hemodialysis center is vital to improve the accuracy of test results. In clinical practice, in order to avoid the dialysis patient from repeating the blood sampling and dispersing the blood sampling to the blood sampling center, each dialysis center always collects the blood sampling to the dialysis patient aiming at the dialysis patient. In order to avoid standing coagulation caused by untimely inspection of the collected blood sample, CN201920085597.2 discloses a blood collecting device for nursing in hemodialysis department, which achieves anticoagulation effect by means of temperature reduction of a built-in ice bag and shaking of a blood collecting tube. However, in the blood sampling process, on one hand, the case cover needs to be repeatedly opened and closed to insert the puncture needle on the blood sampling hose into the rubber plug on the negative pressure blood sampling tube or pull the puncture needle off the rubber plug, so that the temperature in the case body is not easy to maintain constant low temperature, and the temporary storage of the collected blood sample plate is not facilitated; on the other hand, the cam is directly driven by the motor to continuously vibrate, so that an operator is not convenient to insert the puncture needle on the blood sampling hose into the negative pressure blood sampling tube, the misoperation rate is high, and the leakage caused by poor sealing between the rubber plug and the puncture needle is easy to generate.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a blood coagulation prevention blood sampling box for hemodialysis, which reduces the opening and closing operation of a box cover, is beneficial to keeping constant temperature in a box body, and reduces the operation difficulty of inserting a puncture needle to a rubber plug or pulling the puncture needle off the rubber plug, thereby ensuring the sealing degree between the puncture needle and the rubber plug.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the specific scheme that: a blood coagulation prevention blood sampling box for hemodialysis comprises a box body, a box cover arranged on the box body in an openable and closable manner, a vibration slot arranged in the box body, a lifting seat arranged on the inner side of the box cover and a rotary drum arranged on the outer side of the box cover; the bottom of the box body is provided with a plurality of first guide posts distributed along the horizontal direction, the side part of the oscillation slot is provided with a first blind hole for the first guide posts to be inserted and matched in a sliding way, the first guide posts are also sleeved with oscillation springs, and the top of the oscillation slot is provided with a plurality of jacks for the negative pressure blood sampling tubes to be inserted and fixedly matched at intervals; the rotary drum and the jacks are the same in number and correspond to the jacks in the vertical direction one by one, the lower end of the rotary drum is rotatably matched and installed on the box cover, the upper end of the rotary drum is in threaded connection with a drum cover which can be opened and closed, a separation cavity for accommodating a blood sampling hose is formed in the inner cavity of the rotary drum, and the blood sampling hose is provided with a blood sampling needle head for penetrating into a blood vessel and a first puncture needle head for connecting with a negative pressure blood sampling tube through an adapter; the inner side of the box cover is provided with second guide columns distributed along the vertical direction, a lifting seat is installed on the second guide columns in a sliding fit mode, the adapter is arranged on the lifting seat in a sliding mode along the horizontal direction, a first rubber plug for the first puncture needle to be in splicing fit is arranged at the top of the adapter, a second puncture needle capable of being inserted into the second rubber plug at the top of the negative pressure blood collection tube is arranged at the bottom of the adapter, and a through channel for communicating the first puncture needle with the second puncture needle is formed in the adapter;

the blood sampling device further comprises a vibration device for driving the vibration slot to vibrate along the horizontal direction, an adjusting device for controlling the blood sampling needle head to be respectively communicated with or separated from the corresponding negative pressure blood sampling tube under the state that the box cover is closed, and a motor for driving the vibration device and the adjusting device;

the motor is arranged on the box cover, and an output shaft of the motor penetrates through the box cover downwards along the vertical direction and is sequentially provided with a first driving gear and a second driving gear; the oscillating device comprises a rotating shaft which is rotatably arranged on the lifting seat along the vertical direction, the lower end of the rotating shaft is provided with a cam in a matched mode through a spline structure, a round rod matched with a wheel rim of the cam is arranged on the oscillating slot, a first reset spring is arranged on the rotating shaft and above the cam, a yielding hole for inserting and matching the lower end of the rotating shaft is formed in the top of the oscillating slot and right below the rotating shaft, a first driven gear is arranged at the upper end of the rotating shaft, and the first driven gear can ascend to a position meshed and connected with a first driving gear along with the lifting seat;

the adjusting device comprises a horizontal adjusting mechanism and a vertical adjusting mechanism, wherein the horizontal adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the relative position of the adapter and the corresponding negative pressure blood sampling tube in the horizontal direction, and the vertical adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the relative position of the adapter and the corresponding negative pressure blood sampling tube in the vertical direction; the vertical adjusting mechanism comprises a lead screw which is rotatably arranged on the box cover along the vertical direction, a second driven gear which is fixed on the lead screw and a gear rack which is arranged on the box cover in a sliding way along the horizontal direction and is positioned between the second driven gear and the second driving gear, a nut which is matched with the lead screw is arranged on the lifting seat, a shifting handle which can shift the gear rack to slide along the horizontal direction is arranged on the box cover, a first intermediate gear is arranged on one side of the gear rack and can be meshed with the second driving gear and the second driven gear on the sliding stroke of the gear rack simultaneously, a second intermediate gear and a third intermediate gear which are meshed with each other are arranged on the other side of the gear rack, and the second intermediate gear and the third intermediate gear can be meshed with the second driving gear and the second driven gear respectively on the sliding stroke of the gear rack; horizontal adjustment mechanism is including setting up the flexible push rod on the rotary drum and setting up the accessory plate on the adapter, is equipped with the third bar hole that distributes along the sliding direction of horizontal direction and perpendicular to adapter on the accessory plate, and flexible push rod's one end slides and sets up in the second blind hole of seting up in the section of thick bamboo wall lower extreme position of rotary drum along vertical direction, and other end sliding fit is in the third bar hole to the both sides that lie in the third bar hole on flexible push rod are fixed respectively and are equipped with the separation blade.

Preferably, the outer periphery of the upper end of the rotating cylinder is provided with an external thread, the inner periphery of the cylinder cover is provided with an internal thread, and the external thread or the internal thread is provided with a damping glue layer for increasing the friction force between the external thread and the internal thread.

Preferably, both ends of the third strip-shaped hole are sealed, one end of the third strip-shaped hole coincides with the circle center of the rotary drum along the sliding track direction of the adapter, and the length of the third strip-shaped hole is smaller than the radius of the rotary drum.

Preferably, a first strip-shaped hole for the adapter to be in sliding fit is formed in the lifting seat, wire grooves are formed in the side walls of the two sides of the first strip-shaped hole respectively, and sliding plates which are embedded in the wire grooves and are in sliding fit are arranged on the two sides of the adapter respectively; the adapter includes the casing and can dismantle the nozzle stub of connection in the casing through helicitic texture, and the upper end at the nozzle stub is installed in the cooperation of first rubber buffer, and the lower extreme at the nozzle stub is installed in the cooperation of second puncture syringe needle, and the quantity of slide is two and symmetric distribution in the both sides of casing, and the top of casing is distributed in the outside in first bar hole and with accessory plate fixed connection.

Preferably, the middle part of the screw rod is a screw section, both ends of the screw rod are polished rod sections, the two sides of the lifting seat on the second guide post are respectively sleeved with a second return spring, the second return springs are used for maintaining the joint state of the screw and the end part of the screw section after the screw is separated from the end part of the screw section, and the first driving gear and the first driven gear are meshed and connected under the state that the screw is separated from the upper end of the screw section.

Preferably, the gear rack is in a shape of Chinese character 'ji', the first intermediate gear, the second intermediate gear and the third intermediate gear are respectively rotatably arranged on fixed shafts fixed on three ends of the gear rack, a sliding block is arranged on one side of the gear rack opposite to the fixed shafts, a second strip-shaped hole for sliding fit of the sliding block is arranged on the box cover in a penetrating manner, one end of the second strip-shaped hole is provided with a spring hole, a separation spring in contact fit with the sliding block is arranged in the spring hole, and therefore the first intermediate gear, the second intermediate gear and the third intermediate gear on the gear rack are all in a separation state with the second driving gear and the second driven gear through the separation spring; the U-shaped handle is formed in one end of the U-shaped handle, the U-shaped handle is rotatably arranged on the sliding block, the limiting hook is formed in the other end of the U-shaped handle, arc-shaped grooves for allowing the limiting hook to slide in and fix the opposite position of the sliding block are formed in two sides of the second strip-shaped hole in the box cover respectively, one end of each arc-shaped groove is open to allow the limiting hook to slide in or out, the other end of each arc-shaped groove is closed, and after the limiting hook slides in the corresponding arc-shaped groove, the first intermediate gear is meshed with the second driving gear and the second driven gear simultaneously or the second intermediate gear and the third intermediate gear are meshed with the second driving.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the blood sampling device is provided with the adapter for connecting the blood sampling hose and the negative pressure blood sampling tube, the adapter automatically realizes the connection and the separation of the blood sampling hose and the negative pressure blood sampling tube under the driving action of the motor through the horizontal adjusting mechanism and the vertical adjusting mechanism, and a box cover does not need to be opened in the adjusting process, so that the constant temperature state in the box body can be kept, and the temporary storage of a blood sample is facilitated.

2. The medical blood taking device is provided with the separation cavity for accommodating the blood taking hose, so that medical staff can conveniently and uniformly treat blood taking needles on the blood taking hose after collecting blood, and medical infection caused by accidental puncture due to the fact that the blood taking needles are left is avoided. Furthermore, the horizontal adjusting mechanism for adjusting the horizontal relative positions of the adapter and the negative pressure blood sampling tube is linked with the cylinder cover of the separation cavity corresponding to the temporary storage blood sampling hose, and the horizontal position of the adapter is controlled by opening and closing the cylinder cover, so that the connection or separation of the adapter and the negative pressure hose is naturally matched with the blood sampling process, and the blood sampling device conforms to the habit of the blood sampling process, is convenient to operate, easy to master and suitable for popularization.

3. The invention is provided with an oscillating mechanism, and the negative pressure blood sampling tube is continuously oscillated by the oscillating mechanism to avoid blood coagulation. Further, but the power supply among the shock mechanism passes through above-mentioned vertical guiding mechanism and motor output shaft between separation and reunion connection to make blood sampling hose and negative pressure blood sampling pipe vibrate mechanism automatic stop in connecting and disengaging process, make negative pressure blood sampling pipe be in quiescent condition, and then avoid because of the sealed bad of second rubber buffer on the negative pressure blood sampling pipe that the vibration effect leads to, negative pressure leaks can not take a blood sample or gathers blood and spill the pollution scheduling problem.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of example 1 of the present invention in an initial state;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the left side chamber cover of FIG. 1 in an open state;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the left blood collection tube in FIG. 2 after the first puncture needle pierces the second rubber stopper of the corresponding negative pressure blood collection tube;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an elastic straight hook and a mating block in a separated state according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIGS. 5-8 are schematic views showing the sliding state of the elastic straight hook of FIG. 4 in the guide groove of the mating block;

FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view showing a joint portion in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic top view showing the structure of the slider, the lever, and the arc-shaped groove in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the lever of FIG. 10 after insertion into one of the arcuate slots;

FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 13 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of example 2 of the present invention in an initial state;

FIG. 14 is an enlarged partial view of portion B of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the left cover of FIG. 13 rotated to rotate;

FIG. 16 is the schematic view of FIG. 15 after the cover is rotated until the cover is separated from the drum;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the left blood collection tube of FIG. 16 after the first puncture needle has penetrated the second rubber stopper of the corresponding vacuum blood collection tube;

FIG. 18 is a schematic top view of the leveling mechanism portion of FIG. 13;

FIG. 19 is a schematic top view of the leveling mechanism portion of FIG. 15;

the labels in the figure are: 1. a round rod, 2, a abdication hole, 3, a first reset spring, 4, a cam, 5, a vibration slot, 6, a negative pressure blood sampling tube, 7, a second rubber plug, 8, a box body, 9, a first blind hole, 10, a first guide post, 11, a vibration spring, 12, a second puncture needle head, 13, a first strip-shaped hole, 14, a push rod, 15, a matching block, 1501, a notch, 1502, a guide step, 1503, a straight surface, 1504, a V-shaped guide block, 1505, a V-shaped groove, 1506, a hook block bulge, 1507, a wedge surface, 1508, a guide groove, 16, an elastic straight hook, 17, a cavity cover, 18, a blood sampling needle head, 19, a connecting point, 20, a blood sampling hose, 21, a guide hole, 22, a separation cavity, 23, a first puncture needle head, 24, an adapter, 2401, a short pipe, 2402, a shell, 2403, a sliding plate, 2404, a through channel, 25, a compression spring, 26, a second driven gear, 27, a hinge handle, 2701, a limit hook, 2702. the device comprises a central shaft, 28, a sliding block, 29, a gear frame, 30, a motor, 3001, an output shaft, 31, a second driving gear, 32, a box cover, 33, a lifting seat, 34, a second guide column, 35, a second return spring, 36, a screw nut, 37, a lead screw, 38, a screw section, 39, a first driving gear, 40, a rotating shaft, 41, a first driven gear, 42, a first rubber plug, 43, a second strip-shaped hole, 44, an arc-shaped groove, 45, a separation spring, 46, a first intermediate gear, 47, a fixed shaft, 48, a second intermediate gear, 49, a third intermediate gear, 50, a wire groove, 51, a rotary drum, 52, a drum cover, 53, an auxiliary plate, 54, a telescopic push rod, 55, a second blind hole, 56, a baffle, 57 and a third strip-shaped hole.

Detailed Description

The invention is illustrated in detail below by means of two examples:

example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the blood coagulation preventing and blood collecting box for hemodialysis of the present embodiment includes a box body 8 with an open top, a box cover 32 disposed at the open top of the box body 8 and capable of being opened and closed, an oscillation slot 5 disposed in the box body 8, a lifting seat 33 disposed in the box cover 32, and a separation chamber 22 disposed outside the box body 8. The blood sampling device is also provided with a commercially available ice bag and a negative pressure blood sampling tube 6, wherein the ice bag is placed in the box body 8 and is used for reducing the temperature in the box body 8 and facilitating the low-temperature preservation of the collected blood sample; the negative pressure blood collection tube 6 is matched with a blood collection hose 20, one end of the blood collection hose 20 is provided with a blood collection needle 18 and is sealed and protected by a needle cap, and the other end is provided with a first puncture needle 23. In the conventional blood sampling process, after the blood sampling needle 18 is punctured into a blood vessel of a patient, the first puncture needle 23 is inserted into the second rubber plug 7 arranged on the negative pressure blood sampling tube 6, that is, the blood of the patient is sucked into the negative pressure blood sampling tube 6 through the blood sampling needle 18, the blood sampling hose 20 and the first puncture needle 23 by the negative pressure in the negative pressure blood sampling tube 6, and finally the first puncture needle 23 is pulled out from the second rubber plug 7 to obtain a blood sample. For avoiding first puncture needle 23 in this embodiment to need to carry out the plug operation through the manual work on second rubber buffer 7, lead to the unstable problem of temperature in the case lid 32 messenger box 8 of need to be opened and shut repeatedly, be provided with adapter 24 on the seat 33 that goes up and down specially. In the initial state of this embodiment, the first puncture needle 23 is inserted into the first rubber plug 42 on the adapter 24 through the guide hole 21, and the second puncture needle 12 on the adapter 24 is separated from the second rubber plug 7, and the second puncture needle 12 is inserted into the second rubber plug 7 through the linkage device in the blood sampling process, so as to communicate the negative pressure blood sampling tube 6 and the blood sampling needle 18 for blood sampling operation.

Vibrate the top interval of slot 5 and be equipped with a plurality of jacks, all insert in any jack and be equipped with above-mentioned vacuum test tube 6. The lower part of the oscillation slot 5 is provided with a first blind hole 9, and the first blind hole 9 is respectively installed in a sliding fit manner with a first guide post 10 fixed at the bottom position of the side wall of the box body 8. Still the cover is equipped with and vibrates spring 11 on first guide post 10, vibrates slot 5 after receiving the ascending interval external force of horizontal direction on left side or right side, the vibration spring 11 of both sides reciprocal compression respectively or tensile to make vibrate slot 5 and be in about reciprocal vibration state, then make the blood sample that gathers in the negative pressure blood sampling tube 6 continuously vibrate, reach anti-freezing effect.

The separation chambers 22 are used for accommodating the blood collecting hoses 20, and the number of the separation chambers 22 is the same as that of the jacks and is coincident with the projection of the jacks in the vertical direction. Any one of the divided cavities 22 is hinged with a cavity cover 17, the cavity cover 17 is vertically distributed in a closed state, and the upper end of the cavity cover rotates by taking the hinged point 19 as a center to open the divided cavity 22, so that medical personnel can pull out the blood sampling needle 18 or plug in the blood sampling needle 18 for uniform treatment after blood sampling.

The adapter 24 is provided on the elevating base 33. As shown in fig. 9, the adapter 24 includes a housing 2402 and a stub 2401 removably connected in the housing 2402 by a threaded arrangement. First rubber stopper 42 is fittingly installed at the upper end of short tube 2401, second puncture needle 12 is fittingly installed at the lower end of short tube 2401, and the inner cavity of short tube 2401 forms through channel 2404 for communicating first puncture needle 23 and second puncture needle 12 inserted into first rubber stopper 42. The short tube 2401, the first rubber plug 42 on the short tube and the second puncture needle 12 are all used as disposable articles, and the short tube 2401 is screwed down from the shell 2402 and discarded uniformly after one-time blood collection. The two sides of the housing 2402 are respectively provided with a sliding plate 2403, the lifting seat 33 is provided with a first strip-shaped hole 13 for the sliding fit of the housing 2402 of the adapter 24, and the side walls of the two sides of the first strip-shaped hole 13 are respectively provided with a wire slot 50 for the sliding plate 2403 to be embedded into and to be in sliding fit. Second guide posts 34 are arranged on the inner side of the box cover 32 and distributed along the vertical direction, and the lifting seat 33 is in sliding fit with the second guide posts 34, so that the adapter 24 can be lifted along the second guide posts 34 along with the lifting seat 33. Therefore, under the condition that the adapter 24 slides to vertically correspond to the corresponding negative pressure blood collection tube 6, the adapter 24 can descend along with the lifting seat 33 to enable the second puncture needle 12 to be inserted into the second rubber plug 7 so as to communicate the blood collection needle 18 with the negative pressure blood collection tube 6; the second puncture needle 12 can be pulled out of the second rubber plug 7 as the lifting seat 33 ascends, so that the blood sample in the vacuum blood collection tube 6 is kept sealed by the second rubber plug 7. Under the condition that the adapter 24 slides to vertically cross the corresponding negative pressure blood collection tube 6, the adapter 24 descends along with the lifting seat 33 so that the corresponding second puncture needle and the second rubber plug 7 do not contact with each other.

Besides the aforesaid functional components, the present embodiment further includes an oscillation device for driving the oscillation slot 5 to oscillate along the horizontal direction, an adjustment device for controlling the blood sampling needle 18 to communicate with or separate from the corresponding vacuum blood sampling tube 6 respectively under the state that the box cover 32 closes the box body 8, and a motor 30 for driving the oscillation device and the adjustment device.

The motor 30 is fixedly disposed at the center of the outer side of the cover 32, and its output shaft 3001 penetrates the cover 32 downward and then extends into the inner side of the cover 32, and is provided with a first driving gear 39 connected to the oscillating device and a second driving gear 31 connected to the adjusting device at intervals.

The oscillating device comprises a rotating shaft 40 which is rotatably arranged on the lifting seat 33 along the vertical direction, so that the rotating shaft 40 can synchronously lift along with the lifting seat 33. The lifting base 33 is provided with a bearing for the rotating shaft 40 to be matched in a rotating way, so that the rotating shaft 40 can rotate flexibly. The lower end of the rotating shaft 40 is provided with a cam 4 in a matching way through a spline structure, so that the cam 4 can move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 40 and can synchronously rotate along with the rotating shaft 40. Be equipped with on shaking slot 5 with cam 4's rim complex round bar 1, round bar 1 touches the cooperation with cam 4's rim top to the external force that shakes slot 5 and shake about producing with the cooperation of round bar 1 through cam 4's rotation effect. And a yielding hole 2 for inserting and matching the lower end of the rotating shaft 40 is formed at the top of the oscillating slot 5 and is positioned right below the rotating shaft 40. After the rotating shaft 40 descends along with the lifting seat 33, the lower end of the rotating shaft 40 is inserted into the abdicating hole 2, so as to avoid interference between the rotating shaft 40 and the oscillation slot 5. The upper part of the cam 4 on the rotating shaft 40 is also provided with a first return spring 3, the upper end of the first return spring 3 is fixedly connected with a spring seat fixed on the rotating shaft 40, and the lower end of the first return spring is in running fit with the upper edge of the cam 4, so that the cam 4 is always kept in a state of being contacted with the round rod 1 through the elastic force of the first return spring 3.

The upper end of the rotating shaft 40 is provided with a first driven gear 41, as shown in fig. 1, the first driven gear 41 can ascend along with the lifting seat 33 to a position meshed with the first driving gear 39, so that the rotating shaft 40 is driven by the first driving gear 39 to rotate, thereby controlling the oscillation slot 5 to oscillate. As shown in fig. 3, after the rotating shaft 40 descends along with the lifting base 33, the first driven gear 41 is disengaged from the first driving gear 39, and the oscillation slot 5 stops oscillating.

The adjusting device comprises a horizontal adjusting mechanism for adjusting the relative position of the adapter 24 and the corresponding negative pressure blood sampling tube 6 in the horizontal direction and a vertical adjusting mechanism for adjusting the relative position of the adapter 24 and the corresponding negative pressure blood sampling tube 6 in the vertical direction.

The horizontal adjustment mechanism is linked with the opening and closing process of the cavity cover 17, even if any cavity cover 17 is opened, the corresponding adapter 24 moves to the position right above the corresponding negative pressure blood collection tube 6 along the first strip-shaped hole 13, and the cavity cover 17 is closed, namely the adapter 24 slides to the position which is in a staggered state with the corresponding negative pressure blood collection tube 6 along the first strip-shaped hole 13 again. The horizontal adjusting mechanism comprises a compression spring 25 for pushing the adapter 24 against the cavity cover 17, an elastic straight hook 16 for hooking the cavity cover 17 to be in a closed state, and a matching block 15 which is arranged on the cavity cover 17 and matched with the elastic straight hook 16.

A compression spring 25 is disposed in the first slotted hole 13 at an end of the adapter 24 opposite the cover 17. First bar hole 13 has the through hole towards the one end of chamber lid 17, is equipped with ejector pin 14 on adapter 24, and ejector pin 14 touches the cooperation with chamber lid 17 top after stretching out the through hole, and first bar hole 13 still forms spacing portion towards the one end of chamber lid 17, and spacing portion touches the cooperation so that second puncture needle head 12 on the adapter 24 corresponds the jack with adapter 24 top.

The hook handle of the elastic straight hook 16 is fixed at the lower edge position of the box cover 32, and the hook body of the elastic straight hook 16 points to the direction of the cavity cover 17 and is positioned on the movement stroke of the matching block 15 along with the cavity cover 17. As shown in fig. 4, the engagement block 15 is provided with a 9-shaped guide groove 1508 for slidably engaging the hook body of the elastic straight hook 16, and an end of the guide groove 1508 forms a notch 1501 for the hook body of the elastic straight hook 16 to slide in or out. The loop of the guide channel 1508 encloses a hook block protrusion 1506, one side of the hook block protrusion 1506 has a V-shaped groove 1505 into which the hook body of the elastic straight hook 16 is hooked, and the mating block 15 is provided with a V-shaped guide block 1504 opposite to the V-shaped groove 1505. The other side of the hook block protrusion 1506 is wedge-shaped and has a wedge surface 1507 and a straight surface 1503. The guide groove 1508 has a guide step 1502 on one side of the straight surface 1503, and the depth of the guide groove 1508 becomes gradually shallower in the direction from the notch 1501 to the wedge surface 1507 to the straight surface 1503 to the guide step 1502. In the initial state shown in fig. 4 (when the cavity cover 17 is in the open state), after the cavity cover 17 is pushed to move the mating block 15 to the right towards the elastic straight hook 16, the compression spring 25 is compressed, and the hook body of the elastic straight hook 16 shown in fig. 5 firstly enters the guide groove 1508 from the notch 1501; then, as shown in fig. 6, the elastic straight hook 16 slides along the wedge surface 1507 of the hook block protrusion 1506 due to the interference of the guide step 1502, and is deformed by the first deformation of the wedge surface 1507 and the second deformation of the guide groove 1508 due to the shallow depth. After the hook body of the elastic straight hook 16 contacts the V-shaped guide block 1504, the cavity cover 17 is released, the cavity cover 17 moves to the left under the action of the compression spring 25, and the hook body of the elastic straight hook 16 slides into the V-shaped groove 1505 along the V-shaped guide block under the first deformation action to the state shown in fig. 7, so that the cavity cover 17 is in the closed state. At this time, a right external force is applied to the cavity cover 17 again, the hook body of the elastic straight hook 16 continues to slide to the guide step 1502 along the V-shaped groove 1505 under the action of the first deformation (as shown in fig. 8), after the external force disappears, the cavity cover 17 is pushed open by the compression spring 25, the hook body of the elastic straight hook 16 falls down from the guide step 1502 under the action of the second deformation, and then slides out of the guide groove 1508 from the notch 1501, so that the cavity cover 17 is in an open state separated from the elastic straight hook 16. The elastic straight hook 16 is made of an elastic steel wire material, and is not easy to deform after repeated deformation and ensures enough elasticity.

The vertical adjustment mechanism includes a lead screw 37 rotatably provided on the cover 32 in the vertical direction, a second driven gear 26 fixed to the lead screw 37, and a carrier 29 slidably provided on the cover 32 in the horizontal direction between the second driven gear 26 and the second drive gear 31.

The elevating base 33 is provided with a nut 36 engaged with the lead screw 37, and the elevating base 33 is driven to be elevated by forward and reverse rotation of the lead screw 37 in engagement with the nut 36 of the lead screw 37. The upper and lower sections of the lead screw 37 are polished rod sections, and the middle section is a screw section 38 which is effectively matched with the screw nut 36. The second guide post 34 is sleeved with second return springs 35 on two sides of the lifting seat 33, and the second return springs 35 are used for maintaining the joint state of the nut 36 and the end of the screw section 38 after the nut 36 is disengaged from the end of the screw section 38, so that the relative height of the lifting seat 33 is not changed along with the continuously rotating lead screw 37 after the nut 36 is disengaged from the end of the screw section 38. In the initial state shown in fig. 1, the nut 36 is disengaged from the upper end of the thread section 38, and the first driving gear 39 and the first driven gear 41 are engaged with each other.

As shown in fig. 12, the carrier 29 is of a herringbone shape, the first intermediate gear 46, the second intermediate gear 48, and the third intermediate gear 49 are rotatably provided on the fixed shaft 47 fixed to the lower side of the three ends of the carrier 29, respectively, the first intermediate gear 46 is engaged with the second driving gear 31 and the second driven gear 26 at the same time in the sliding stroke of the carrier 29, the second intermediate gear 48 and the third intermediate gear 49 engaged with each other are provided on the other side of the carrier 29, and the second intermediate gear 48 and the third intermediate gear 49 are engaged with the second driving gear 31 and the second driven gear 26 in the sliding stroke of the carrier 29, respectively. A slider 28 is provided on the upper side of the carrier 29, and a second strip hole 43 for slidably fitting the slider 28 is provided in the box cover. The sliding block 28 and the second strip-shaped hole 43 slide in a matched mode through a dovetail structure so as to prevent the sliding block 28 from falling out of the second strip-shaped hole 43. As shown in fig. 10, one end of the second elongated hole 43 is provided with a separation spring 45 which is in abutting contact with the slider 28, so that the slider 28 is located at the middle position of the second elongated hole 43 in the natural extension state of the separation spring 45, and the first intermediate gear 46, the second intermediate gear 48 and the third intermediate gear 49 are all in the separation state from the second driving gear 31 and the second driven gear 26. The top of the slider 28 is further provided with a U-shaped handle 27, one end of which forms a central shaft 2702 and is rotatably arranged on the slider 28, the other end of which forms a limiting hook 2701, and two sides of the second strip-shaped hole 43 on the cap cover are respectively provided with an arc-shaped groove 44 for the limiting hook 2701 to slide into and fix the opposite position of the slider 28. One end of the arc-shaped groove 44 is open for the limit hook 2701 to slide in or out, and the other end is closed. As shown in fig. 11, after the slider 28 is pushed by the dial 27 to slide along the second slot 43 to one end of the second slot 43, even if the first intermediate gear 46 is simultaneously engaged with the second driving gear 31 and the second driven gear 26 or the second intermediate gear 48 and the third intermediate gear 49 are respectively engaged with the second driving gear 31 and the second driven gear 26, the limit hook 2701 of the dial 27 is slid in from the open end of the arc-shaped slot 44, that is, the first intermediate gear 46 is maintained to be simultaneously engaged with the second driving gear 31 and the second driven gear 26 or the second intermediate gear 48 and the third intermediate gear 49 are respectively engaged with the second driving gear 31 and the second driven gear 26. After the limiting hook 2701 of the shifting handle 27 slides out of the arc-shaped groove 44 again, the sliding block 28 automatically slides to the middle part of the second strip-shaped hole 43 under the action of the separation spring 45, so that the gear is separated again.

The specific implementation process of this embodiment is as follows:

first, when the switch of the motor 30 is turned on in the initial state shown in fig. 1, the first driving gear 39 drives the rotating shaft 40 to rotate through the first driven gear 41, and the cam 4 and the circular rod 1 cooperate to drive the oscillating slot 5 to horizontally oscillate back and forth. After the chamber cover 17 on the left separation chamber 22 is pressed rightward and released, the engagement block 15 on the left chamber cover 17 is disengaged from the elastic straight hook 16, the compression spring 25 opens the left chamber cover 17 through the push rod 14, and the adapter 24 is located right above the left vacuum blood collection tube 6 (as shown in fig. 2). The medical staff then pulls the lancet 18 out of the left compartment 22 and pierces the lancet 18 into the blood vessel of the patient after removing the protective cap.

Then, the shifting handle 27 is pushed to one end of the second strip-shaped hole 43 and the shifting handle 27 is locked through the arc-shaped groove 44 (as shown in fig. 11), so that the first intermediate gear 46 is respectively meshed with the second driving gear 31 and the second driven gear 26, that is, the second driving gear 31 drives the lead screw 37 to rotate in the forward direction, the lead screw 37 and the nut 36 cooperate to drive the lifting seat 33 to descend to the state shown in fig. 3, at this time, the nut 36 is separated from the lower end of the wire section 38, but still keeps the connection state with the lower section of the wire section 38 under the action of the second return spring 35, the lead screw 37 idles, and the height of the lifting seat 33 does not change. In fig. 3, the second puncture needle 12 on the left side is inserted into the second rubber plug 7, and the blood of the patient is sucked by the negative pressure in the vacuum blood collection tube 6. Simultaneously first driven gear 41 separates with first driving gear 39 promptly, vibrates slot 5 and stops to vibrate to avoid second puncture needle 12 to pierce the puncture mouth expansion that second rubber buffer 7 in-process caused because of vibrating the effect about, and then lead to the condition that negative pressure leaked in the negative pressure blood sampling tube 6.

After the completion of the blood collection in the vacuum blood collection tube 6 is seen through the window provided in the case 8 or the case lid 32, the blood collection needle 18 is pulled out and stored in the partitioned chamber 22. After the shifting handle 27 slides out of the arc-shaped groove 44, the shifting handle 27 is pushed reversely to the other arc-shaped groove 44 and locked, so that the second intermediate gear 48 and the third intermediate gear 49 are respectively meshed with the second driving gear 31 and the second driven gear 26, and the lead screw 37 is driven to rotate reversely. The lifting base 33 is driven to ascend by the reverse rotation of the screw 37, so that the second puncture needle 12 is pulled out of the second rubber stopper 7, and the negative pressure blood collection tube 6 is kept in a sealed state by the second rubber stopper 7. On the other hand, the first driving gear 39 and the first driven gear 41 are engaged again, and the cam 4 on the rotating shaft 40 continues to oscillate the oscillation slot 5, so that the blood sample in the vacuum blood collection tube 6 oscillates therewith, thereby avoiding the blood coagulation phenomenon. The cavity cover 17 is pressed rightwards again to enable the matching block 15 on the cavity cover 17 to be locked by the elastic straight hook 16, the blood taking needle head 18 is stored in the closed separation cavity 22, and the blood taking needle head is treated uniformly after the blood taking is concentrated.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 13, the present embodiment is mainly different from embodiment 1 in two aspects, namely, the structure of the separation chamber 22 is different on the one hand, and the structure of the horizontal adjustment mechanism caused by different opening and closing manners of the separation chamber 22 is different on the other hand, and the following description will be made for the difference between the two aspects:

in the present embodiment, a plurality of drums 51 are provided on the case lid 32, and the inner cavity of any drum 51 forms a compartment 22 for accommodating the blood collection hose 20. The lower end of the drum 51 is rotatably engaged with the cover 32, and a bearing for rotatably engaging the lower end of the drum 51 is provided in the cover 32. The upper end of the drum 51 is externally threaded on its outer peripheral surface and is threadedly connected with a detachable drum cover 52 (the inner periphery of the drum cover 52 has a corresponding internal thread).

The leveling mechanism in this embodiment includes a telescopic push rod 54 provided on the drum 51 and an auxiliary plate 53 provided on the adapter 24. As shown in fig. 14 and 18, the auxiliary plate 53 is L-shaped, and has one end fixed to the upper end of the housing of the adapter 24 and the other end provided with a third bar-shaped hole 57 extending horizontally and perpendicularly to the sliding direction of the adapter 24. Both ends of the third strip-shaped hole 57 are sealed, one end of the third strip-shaped hole 57 coincides with the center of the rotary drum 51 along the sliding track direction of the adapter 24, and the length of the third strip-shaped hole 57 is smaller than the radius of the rotary drum 51. The upper end of the telescopic push rod 54 is slidably arranged in a second blind hole 55 which is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder wall of the rotary drum 51 along the vertical direction, the lower end of the telescopic push rod is slidably matched in a third strip-shaped hole 57, and blocking pieces 56 are respectively fixedly arranged on the telescopic push rod 54 at two sides of the third strip-shaped hole 57.

In the initial state shown in fig. 13 and 18, the telescopic rod 54 is located at one end of the third strip-shaped hole 57, and the adapter 24 and the corresponding negative pressure blood collection tube 6 are in a staggered state. After the rotary drum 51 is rotated counterclockwise, the adapter 24 is pushed to move left by the sliding fit of the telescopic push rod 54 and the third strip-shaped hole 57 until the telescopic push rod 54 slides to the other end of the third strip-shaped hole 57, and the adapter 24 is located right above the vacuum blood collection tube 6. After the blood sampling is completed, the telescopic push rod 54 is rotated clockwise to slide into the position shown in fig. 18 again, i.e., the adapter 24 is reset to the initial state.

In this embodiment, in order to match the sliding position of the adapter 24 in the horizontal direction with the opening and closing process of the drum cover 52, a damping glue layer is disposed between the drum cover 52 and the drum 51, so that the friction force between the drum cover 52 and the drum 51 is greater than the friction force generated by the telescopic push rod 54 pushing the adapter 24 to slide along the first strip-shaped hole 13. Therefore, in the process of rotating the cylinder cover 52 counterclockwise to open the separation chamber 22, the cylinder cover 52 and the rotary cylinder 51 rotate synchronously, after the adapter 24 is pushed by the telescopic push rod 54 to the rotation position corresponding to the vacuum blood collection tube 6 and the telescopic push rod 54 is locked by one end of the third strip-shaped hole 57, i.e. the rotary cylinder 51, relative rotation is generated between the cylinder cover 52 and the rotary cylinder 51 again until the cylinder cover 52 is screwed down from the rotary cylinder 51. Correspondingly, in the process of rotating the cylinder cover 52 clockwise to close the separation chamber 22, the rotary cylinder 51 and the cylinder cover 52 rotate synchronously, after the adapter 24 is pushed by the telescopic push rod 54 to the rotation position staggered with the vacuum blood collection tube 6 and the telescopic push rod 54 and the rotary cylinder 51 are locked by the other end of the third strip-shaped hole 57, the relative rotation is generated between the cylinder cover 52 and the rotary cylinder 51 until the cylinder cover 52 is screwed on the rotary cylinder 51.

The specific implementation process of this embodiment is as follows:

first, when the switch of the motor 30 is turned on in the initial state shown in fig. 13, the first driving gear 39 drives the rotating shaft 40 to rotate through the first driven gear 41, and the cam 4 and the circular rod 1 cooperate to drive the oscillating slot 5 to horizontally oscillate back and forth. The cover 52 on the left rotary drum 51 is rotated counterclockwise, and the adapter 24 below the left rotary drum 51 is pushed to the position corresponding to the negative pressure blood collection tube 6 as shown in fig. 15. This drum cover 52 continues to be rotated counterclockwise until it is unscrewed from the drum 51 as shown in fig. 16. The lancet 18 is pulled out of the left compartment 22 by the medical professional, and the lancet 18 is inserted into the blood vessel of the patient after the protective cap is removed.

Then, the shifting handle 27 is pushed to one end of the second strip-shaped hole 43 and the shifting handle 27 is locked through the arc-shaped groove 44 (as shown in fig. 11), so that the first intermediate gear 46 is respectively meshed with the second driving gear 31 and the second driven gear 26, that is, the second driving gear 31 drives the lead screw 37 to rotate in the forward direction, the lead screw 37 and the nut 36 cooperate to drive the lifting seat 33 to descend to the state shown in fig. 17, at this time, the nut 36 is separated from the lower end of the wire section 38, but still keeps the connection state with the lower section of the wire section 38 under the action of the second return spring 35, the lead screw 37 idles, and the height of the lifting seat 33 does not change. In fig. 17, the second puncture needle 12 on the left side is inserted into the second rubber stopper 7, and the blood of the patient is sucked by the negative pressure in the vacuum blood collection tube 6. Simultaneously first driven gear 41 separates with first driving gear 39 promptly, vibrates slot 5 and stops to vibrate to avoid second puncture needle 12 to pierce the puncture mouth expansion that second rubber buffer 7 in-process caused because of vibrating the effect about, and then lead to the condition that negative pressure leaked in the negative pressure blood sampling tube 6.

After the completion of blood collection in the vacuum blood collection tube 6 is seen through a window provided in the case 8 or the case lid 32, the blood collection needle 18 is pulled out and housed in the compartment 22, and the drum lid 52 is fastened to the upper end of the drum 51. After the shifting handle 27 slides out of the arc-shaped groove 44, the shifting handle 27 is pushed reversely to the other arc-shaped groove 44 and locked, so that the second intermediate gear 48 and the third intermediate gear 49 are respectively meshed with the second driving gear 31 and the second driven gear 26, and the lead screw 37 is driven to rotate reversely. The lifting base 33 is driven to ascend by the reverse rotation of the screw 37, so that the second puncture needle 12 is pulled out of the second rubber stopper 7, and the negative pressure blood collection tube 6 is kept in a sealed state by the second rubber stopper 7. On the other hand, the first driving gear 39 and the first driven gear 41 are engaged again, and the cam 4 on the rotating shaft 40 continues to oscillate the oscillation slot 5, so that the blood sample in the vacuum blood collection tube 6 oscillates therewith, thereby avoiding the blood coagulation phenomenon. The cover of the drum 51 is rotated clockwise, the adapter 24 is moved to the right to be staggered with the negative pressure blood collection tube 6, the drum cover 52 is continuously rotated to fasten the drum cover 52 on the drum 51, the blood collection needle 18 is stored in the closed separation cavity 22, and the collected blood is treated uniformly.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a hemodialysis is with preventing blood coagulation blood sampling case which characterized in that: comprises a box body (8), a box cover (32) arranged on the box body (8) in an opening and closing way, a vibration slot (5) arranged in the box body (8), a lifting seat (33) arranged on the inner side of the box cover (32) and a rotary drum (51) arranged on the outer side of the box cover (32); the bottom of the box body (8) is provided with a plurality of first guide posts (10) which are distributed along the horizontal direction, the side part of the oscillation slot (5) is provided with a first blind hole (9) which is used for the insertion of the first guide posts (10) and is in sliding fit, the first guide posts (10) are also sleeved with an oscillation spring (11), and the top of the oscillation slot (5) is provided with a plurality of jacks which are used for the insertion and the fixed fit of the negative pressure blood sampling tube (6) at intervals; the number of the rotary drum (51) is the same as that of the jacks and the rotary drum corresponds to the jacks in the vertical direction one by one, the lower end of the rotary drum (51) is installed on the case cover (32) in a rotating fit mode, the upper end of the rotary drum (51) is connected with a drum cover (52) which can be opened and closed in a threaded mode, a separation cavity (22) used for containing a blood collection hose (20) is formed in the inner cavity of the rotary drum (51), and the blood collection hose (20) is provided with a blood collection needle head (18) used for penetrating into a blood vessel and a first puncture needle head (23) used for being connected with a negative; a second guide column (34) distributed along the vertical direction is arranged on the inner side of the box cover (32), the lifting seat (33) is installed on the second guide column (34) in a sliding fit mode, the adapter (24) is arranged on the lifting seat (33) in a sliding mode along the horizontal direction, a first rubber plug (42) for the insertion and matching of the first puncture needle head (23) is arranged at the top of the adapter (24), a second puncture needle head (12) capable of being inserted into a second rubber plug (7) at the top of the negative pressure blood collection tube (6) is arranged at the bottom of the adapter (24), and a through channel (2404) for communicating the first puncture needle head (23) with the second puncture needle head (12) is arranged in the adapter (24);

the blood sampling device further comprises a vibration device for driving the vibration slot (5) to vibrate along the horizontal direction, an adjusting device for controlling the blood sampling needle head (18) to be respectively communicated with or separated from the corresponding negative pressure blood sampling tube (6) under the state that the box cover (32) closes the box body (8), and a motor (30) for driving the vibration device and the adjusting device;

the motor (30) is arranged on the box cover (32), and an output shaft (3001) of the motor (30) penetrates through the box cover (32) downwards along the vertical direction and is sequentially provided with a first driving gear (39) and a second driving gear (31); the oscillating device comprises a rotating shaft (40) which is rotatably arranged on a lifting seat (33) along the vertical direction, a cam (4) is installed at the lower end of the rotating shaft (40) in a matched mode through a spline structure, a round rod (1) matched with a wheel rim of the cam (4) is arranged on an oscillating slot (5), a first return spring (3) is arranged above the cam (4) on the rotating shaft (40), a yielding hole (2) for inserting and matching the lower end of the rotating shaft (40) is formed in the position, located right below the rotating shaft (40), of the top of the oscillating slot (5), a first driven gear (41) is arranged at the upper end of the rotating shaft (40), and the first driven gear (41) can ascend to the position meshed and connected with a first driving gear (39) along with the lifting seat (33); the adjusting device comprises a horizontal adjusting mechanism for adjusting the relative position of the adapter (24) and the corresponding negative pressure blood sampling tube (6) in the horizontal direction and a vertical adjusting mechanism for adjusting the relative position of the adapter (24) and the corresponding negative pressure blood sampling tube (6) in the vertical direction; the vertical adjusting mechanism comprises a screw rod (37) which is rotatably arranged on the box cover (32) along the vertical direction, a second driven gear (26) which is fixed on the screw rod (37), and a gear carrier (29) which is arranged on the box cover (32) in a sliding way along the horizontal direction and is positioned between the second driven gear (26) and a second driving gear (31), a screw nut (36) which is matched with the screw rod (37) is arranged on the lifting seat (33), a shifting handle (27) which can shift the gear carrier (29) to slide along the horizontal direction is arranged on the box cover (32), a first intermediate gear (46) is arranged on one side of the gear carrier (29), the first intermediate gear (46) can be simultaneously meshed and connected with the second driving gear (31) and the second driven gear (26) on the sliding stroke of the gear carrier (29), and a second intermediate gear (48) and a third intermediate gear (49) which are meshed with each other are arranged on the other side of the gear carrier, the second intermediate gear (48) and the third intermediate gear (49) can be respectively meshed with the second driving gear (31) and the second driven gear (26) on the sliding stroke of the gear rack (29); horizontal adjustment mechanism is including setting up flexible push rod (54) on rotary drum (51) and establishing accessory plate (53) on adapter (24), be equipped with on accessory plate (53) along the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the third bar hole (57) that the slip direction of adapter (24) distributes, the one end of flexible push rod (54) slides and sets up in second blind hole (55) of seting up in the section of thick bamboo wall lower extreme position of rotary drum (51) along vertical direction, other end sliding fit is in third bar hole (57), and both sides that lie in third bar hole (57) on flexible push rod (54) are fixed separation blade (56) that is equipped with respectively.

2. The blood coagulation-preventing blood collection kit for hemodialysis according to claim 1, wherein: the outer periphery of the upper end of the rotary drum (51) is provided with an external thread, the inner periphery of the drum cover (52) is provided with an internal thread, and a damping glue layer used for increasing the friction force between the external thread and the internal thread is arranged on the external thread or the internal thread.

3. The blood coagulation-preventing blood collection kit for hemodialysis according to claim 1, wherein: both ends of the third strip-shaped hole (57) are sealed, one end of the third strip-shaped hole (57) is overlapped with the circle center of the rotary drum (51) along the sliding track direction of the adapter (24), and the length of the third strip-shaped hole (57) is smaller than the radius of the rotary drum (51).

4. The blood coagulation-preventing blood collection kit for hemodialysis according to claim 1, wherein: a first strip-shaped hole (13) for the adapter (24) to be in sliding fit is formed in the lifting seat (33), wire grooves (50) are formed in the side walls of the two sides of the first strip-shaped hole (13) respectively, and sliding plates (2403) which are embedded in the wire grooves (50) and are in sliding fit are arranged on the two sides of the adapter (24) respectively; adapter (24) include casing (2402) and through short pipe (2401) of helicitic texture detachable connection in casing (2402), first rubber buffer (42) cooperation is installed in the upper end of short pipe (2401), the lower extreme at short pipe (2401) is installed in the cooperation of second puncture needle head (12), the quantity of slide (2403) is two and symmetric distribution in the both sides of casing (2402), the top distribution of casing (2402) is in the outside of first slotted hole (13) and with accessory plate (53) fixed connection.

5. The blood coagulation-preventing blood collection kit for hemodialysis according to claim 1, wherein: the middle part of lead screw (37) is screw section (38), and both ends are the polished rod section, and the both sides that lie in lift seat (33) on second guide post (34) are equipped with second reset spring (35) respectively in the cover, and second reset spring (35) are used for keeping the engaged state of screw (36) and screw section (38) tip after screw (36) deviate from the tip of screw section (38), and make first driving gear (39) and first driven gear (41) meshing connection under screw (36) deviate from screw section (38) upper end state.

6. The blood coagulation-preventing blood collection kit for hemodialysis according to claim 1, wherein: the gear rack (29) is in a herringbone shape, the first intermediate gear (46), the second intermediate gear (48) and the third intermediate gear (49) are respectively rotatably arranged on fixed shafts (47) fixed on three ends of the gear rack (29), a sliding block (28) is arranged on one side, opposite to the fixed shafts (47), of the gear rack (29), a second strip-shaped hole (43) for the sliding block (28) to be in sliding fit is arranged on the box cover in a penetrating mode, a spring hole is formed in one end of the second strip-shaped hole (43), a separating spring (45) matched with the sliding block (28) in a contacting mode is arranged in the spring hole, and therefore the first intermediate gear (46), the second intermediate gear (48) and the third intermediate gear (49) on the gear rack (29) are all in a separating state with the second driving gear (31) and the second driven gear (26) through the separating spring (45); the toggle handle (27) is U-shaped, one end of the toggle handle is provided with a central shaft (2702) and is rotatably arranged on the sliding block (28), the other end of the toggle handle is provided with a limiting hook (2701), two sides of a second strip-shaped hole (43) on the box cover are respectively provided with an arc-shaped groove (44) for the limiting hook (2701) to slide in and fix the opposite position of the sliding block (28), one end of the arc-shaped groove (44) is open for the limiting hook (2701) to slide in or slide out, the other end of the arc-shaped groove is closed, and after the limiting hook (2701) slides in the corresponding arc-shaped groove (44), the first intermediate gear (46) is simultaneously meshed with the second driving gear (31) and the second driven gear (26) or the second intermediate gear (48) and the third intermediate gear (49) are respectively meshed with the second driving gear (31) and the second driven gear (.