CN112544623A - 一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物及其应用 - Google Patents

一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物及其应用 Download PDF

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CN112544623A
CN112544623A CN202011572014.2A CN202011572014A CN112544623A CN 112544623 A CN112544623 A CN 112544623A CN 202011572014 A CN202011572014 A CN 202011572014A CN 112544623 A CN112544623 A CN 112544623A
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严凯
邬林
吴元竟
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物,由以下重量份原料组成:抗坏血酸钠、苯醚菌酯、乙嘧酚、缬氨酸、2,6‑二氯异烟酸、硫酸镁和谷氨酸组成。发明在刺梨种植过程中能够有效防止白粉病的发生和传播。将大大减少化学农药的用量,减少环境污染。并且,在植物源防控和农业综合防控中采用了抗坏血酸钠,原料之间的各个组分协同作用,增强了单一组分的杀虫抑菌作用。不仅充分满足了刺梨生长的营养需求,而且还具有增强刺梨免疫力的效果。其所种植得到的成品刺梨符合国家有机刺梨的标准,经济效益、社会效益和生态效益显著。

Description

一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物及其应用,刺梨白粉病防治方法技术领域。
背景技术
白粉病是由白粉菌科中的真菌引起的植物病害,多为外寄生性,菌丝体全部或大部暴露在寄主植物的叶、茎、嫩梢、芽、花和果实的表面,并产生大量由菌丝体、分生孢子梗和分生孢子构成的肉眼可见的白色粉状物,因此称为白粉病。
白粉病在我国分布广泛,对双子叶植物的危害尤为普遍。白粉病发生后,寄主受害部位生长受抑制,逐渐退绿变黄,出现枯斑至最后全叶枯干,如果许多叶片同时受害,也可以使植株早枯。病害后期,由菌丝和分生孢子构成的白粉状霉层中,常出现许多散生的黑色粒状的闭囊壳,并以此越冬,次春以子囊孢子进行初侵染。白粉病菌的分生孢子在10-30℃均可萌发,对湿度要求不高,正常情况下10天即可完成一次侵染循环,农作物一个生长季节能反复受到侵染,一旦发生就会很快传播蔓延。白粉病使我国刺梨遭受到极大损失,严重影响了我国农业的发展。因此,如何有效防止白粉病的发生和传播就成为刺梨种植领域中的重要问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提供一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物,在刺梨种植过程中能够有效防止白粉病的发生和传播。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下的技术方案:
一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物,由以下原料组成:抗坏血酸钠、苯醚菌酯、乙嘧酚、缬氨酸、2,6-二氯异烟酸、硫酸镁和谷氨酸。
抗坏血酸钠,化学式为C6H7O6Na,白色至微黄白色结晶性粉末或颗粒,无臭,味稍咸。分解温度218℃,干燥状态下较稳定,遇光则颜色加深,吸潮后及在水溶液中缓慢氧化分解。比抗坏血酸易溶于水(62g/100mL),10%水溶液pH约7.5。经测试后检验,抗坏血酸钠能够使白粉菌科中的真菌活性降低、真菌分裂速度减缓70%以上。
苯醚菌酯是最新研发上市的新型甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂,此类杀菌剂是以天然抗生素strobilurin为先导化合物开发的新品种,合成Strobilurin类化合物作为国际上杀菌剂研究开发的热点,在过去的10多年内获得了迅速发展,世界各大农药公司对此类化合物的合成与结构修饰均取得了重大突破,成功地研究开发出嘧菌酯、醚菌酯等杀菌剂新品种。经测验,抗坏血酸钠和苯醚菌酯之间具有抗菌、灭菌促进效果,是的本申请的组合物能够更加有效的进行杀菌、灭度,预防、治疗白粉病。
乙嘧酚的化学名称是5-丁基-2-乙基氨基-4-羟基-6-甲基嘧啶,分子式是C11H19N3O,分子量是209.3。乙嘧酚属杂环类杀菌剂。纯品外观为白色粉状固体;熔点:159~160℃;蒸汽压(25℃)0.267mPa;溶解度(室温):水中为0.02g/100ml,几乎不溶于丙酮、微溶于双环丙酮醇和乙醇种,在氯仿、三氯乙烷、强酸和强碱中溶解。原药质量分数≥95%,外观为白色粉状固体;对热以及在酸性和碱性溶液中均稳定。
缬氨酸化学名称为2-氨基-3-甲基丁酸,属于支链氨基酸,它能促进身体正常生长,修复组织,调节血糖,并提供需要的能量。可用异丁醛作原料合成。为白色结晶或结晶性粉末,在水中溶解,在乙醇中几乎不溶,可以促进真菌对药剂的吸收。
前述的一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物中,由以下重量份原料组成抗坏血酸钠11.2~13.7份、苯醚菌酯7.3~9.6份、乙嘧酚1.67~4.61份、缬氨酸3.7~4.7份、2,6-二氯异烟酸7.6~10.2份、硫酸镁5.6~8.1份和谷氨酸9.5~10.1份。
前述的一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物中,由以下重量份原料组成抗坏血酸钠11.2份、苯醚菌酯7.3份、乙嘧酚1.67份、缬氨酸3.7份、2,6-二氯异烟酸7.6份、硫酸镁5.6份和谷氨酸9.5份。
前述的一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物中,由以下重量份原料组成抗坏血酸钠13.7份、苯醚菌酯9.6份、乙嘧酚4.61份、缬氨酸4.7份、2,6-二氯异烟酸10.2份、硫酸镁8.1份和谷氨酸10.1份。
前述的一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物中,由以下重量份原料组成抗坏血酸钠11.9份、苯醚菌酯8.7份、乙嘧酚2.67份、缬氨酸4.1份、2,6-二氯异烟酸9.6份、硫酸镁7.5份和谷氨酸9.7份。
前述的一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物的应用,包括下述方法:将7~10克上述组合物溶于10升水中,以喷雾的形式喷洒在刺梨的树干、树枝以及树叶上。
前述的一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物的应用,还包括下述方法:在晴天的天气,中午的时候将组合物溶剂以喷雾的形式喷洒在刺梨的树干、树枝以及树叶上。
前述的一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物的应用,还包括下述方法:将喷雾器的喷头朝上,向刺梨的树叶背面喷洒组合物溶液。
与现有技术相比,本发明在刺梨种植过程中能够有效防止白粉病的发生和传播。将大大减少化学农药的用量,减少环境污染。并且,在植物源防控和农业综合防控中采用了抗坏血酸钠,原料之间的各个组分协同作用,增强了单一组分的杀虫抑菌作用。不仅充分满足了刺梨生长的营养需求,而且还具有增强刺梨免疫力的效果。其所种植得到的成品刺梨符合国家有机刺梨的标准,经济效益、社会效益和生态效益显著。
具体实施方式
本发明的实施例1:一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物,由以下重量份原料组成抗坏血酸钠11.2份、苯醚菌酯7.3份、乙嘧酚1.67份、缬氨酸3.7份、2,6-二氯异烟酸7.6份、硫酸镁5.6份和谷氨酸9.5份。
实施例2:一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物,由以下重量份原料组成抗坏血酸钠13.7份、苯醚菌酯9.6份、乙嘧酚4.61份、缬氨酸4.7份、2,6-二氯异烟酸10.2份、硫酸镁8.1份和谷氨酸10.1份。
实施例3:一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物,由以下重量份原料组成抗坏血酸钠11.9份、苯醚菌酯8.7份、乙嘧酚2.67份、缬氨酸4.1份、2,6-二氯异烟酸9.6份、硫酸镁7.5份和谷氨酸9.7份。
将7~10克上述实施例1、实施例2、实施例3所述组合物溶于10升水中,以喷雾的形式,在晴天的天气,中午的时候将组合物溶剂以喷雾的形式喷洒在刺梨的树干、树枝以及树叶上。较佳的,将喷雾器的喷头朝上,向刺梨的树叶背面喷洒组合物溶液,雾滴在下落的过程中会落在刺梨的树干、树枝以及树叶上。因为白粉病往往发生在树叶的背面,并且早晨和傍晚的时候露水较多,会稀释溶液的浓度,使喷洒在树叶上的溶液低落在地面。
将实施例1、实施例2、实施例3所述组合物制备成农药,喷洒在同样白粉病发病初期阶段的不同片区的刺梨上,每周喷一次。
15天后得出结果:没有喷洒农药的刺梨树发病率为61.59%,喷洒普通农药的刺梨树的发病率为42.43%,喷洒实施例1组合物配置农药的刺梨树发病率为18.21%,喷洒实施例2组合物配置农药的刺梨树发病率为19.65%,喷洒实施例3组合物配置农药的刺梨树发病率为16.39%。得到验证后,在大范围试用中均取得较好的效果,大大降低了刺梨树的白粉病发病率,刺梨的产量、品质均得到显著提升,本组合物具有广泛的推广应用价值。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物,其特征在于,由以下原料组成:抗坏血酸钠、苯醚菌酯、乙嘧酚、缬氨酸、2,6-二氯异烟酸、硫酸镁和谷氨酸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份原料组成:抗坏血酸钠11.2~13.7份、苯醚菌酯7.3~9.6份、乙嘧酚1.67~4.61份、缬氨酸3.7~4.7份、2,6-二氯异烟酸7.6~10.2份、硫酸镁5.6~8.1份和谷氨酸9.5~10.1份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份原料组成抗坏血酸钠11.2份、苯醚菌酯7.3份、乙嘧酚1.67份、缬氨酸3.7份、2,6-二氯异烟酸7.6份、硫酸镁5.6份和谷氨酸9.5份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份原料组成抗坏血酸钠13.7份、苯醚菌酯9.6份、乙嘧酚4.61份、缬氨酸4.7份、2,6-二氯异烟酸10.2份、硫酸镁8.1份和谷氨酸10.1份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于防治刺梨白粉病的组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份原料组成抗坏血酸钠11.9份、苯醚菌酯8.7份、乙嘧酚2.67份、缬氨酸4.1份、2,6-二氯异烟酸9.6份、硫酸镁7.5份和谷氨酸9.7份。
6.一种如权利要求1所述的组合物在防治刺梨白粉病方面的应用,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:将7~10克上述组合物溶于10升水中,以喷雾的形式喷洒在刺梨的树干、树枝以及树叶上。
7.根据权利要求6所述的组合物在防治刺梨白粉病方面的应用,其特征在于,还包括下述方法:在晴天的天气,中午的时候将组合物溶剂以喷雾的形式喷洒在刺梨的树干、树枝以及树叶上。
8.根据权利要求6所述的组合物在防治刺梨白粉病方面的应用,其特征在于,还包括下述方法:将喷雾器的喷头朝上,向刺梨的树叶背面喷洒组合物溶液。
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