CN112544315A - 一种黄黑地膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种黄黑地膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112544315A
CN112544315A CN202011443701.4A CN202011443701A CN112544315A CN 112544315 A CN112544315 A CN 112544315A CN 202011443701 A CN202011443701 A CN 202011443701A CN 112544315 A CN112544315 A CN 112544315A
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徐蕾
张在保
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Shandong Sunburst Plastic Cement Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种黄黑地膜及其制备方法,包括外层、中层以及内层,所述外层、所述中层以及所述内层三者挤压复合在一起。有益效果:可以引诱害虫到黄色面膜(内层)上,而不是落在植株上面,降低农药喷洒作物上面,降低农药使用量,有利于无公害蔬菜的生长,同时具有保墒、降低地温、除草、反光,作物长势旺盛,坐果多,使用普通地膜,没有吸引害虫功能。

Description

一种黄黑地膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及农业覆盖地膜技术领域,具体来说,涉及一种黄黑地膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
农作物种植过程中,通常采用地膜来覆盖保护农作物。按照颜色分,地膜可分为透明薄膜、黑色薄膜、绿色薄膜、银色薄膜等,其中,黑色薄膜的应用最为广泛。但现在常用的黑色地膜使用寿命只有80天左右,老化后又难以完全回收,逐步形成了大面积的污染,不利于绿色环保和可持续发展。
现有的地膜不能够防止病虫害的产生,并且无法引诱杀死害虫,只能通过杀虫剂进行杀虫,然而杀虫剂会对植株造成影响,不利于无公害蔬菜的生长。
针对相关技术中的问题,目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
针对相关技术中的问题,本发明提出一种黄黑地膜及其制备方法,以克服现有相关技术所存在的上述技术问题。
为此,本发明采用的具体技术方案如下:
一种黄黑地膜,包括外层、中层以及内层,所述外层、所述中层以及所述内层三者挤压复合在一起。
优选的,所述外层由PE、茂金属、纳米黑色染料、光稳定剂、抗氧剂材料组成。
优选的,所述中层与所述内层均由PE、茂金属、纳米黄色染料、光稳定剂、抗氧剂材料组成。
根据本发明另一个方面,提供了一种黄黑地膜制备方法,用于黄黑地膜,包括下列重量份数的组份:LLDPE 63-83份,LDPE 7-16份,mPE 7-20份,黑母料5-15份,黄母料10-25份;
所述黑母料由下列重量百分比的原料制成:LLDPE粉料23%-37%,LDPE 5%-17%,HDPE粉料6%-13%,mPE 8%-14%,茂金属2%-5%,受阻胺光稳定剂5%-11%,抗氧化剂1.7%-4.2%,紫外线吸收剂1.8%-5.1%,分散剂硬脂酸1.8%-5.6%,分散剂聚乙烯蜡0.9%-3.0%,除草剂乙草胺3%-9%,保温剂水滑石4%-10%,纳米黑色染料8%-13%;
所述黄母料由下列重量百分比的原料制成:LLDPE粉料23%-37%,LDPE 5%-17%,HDPE粉料6%-13%,mPE 8%-14%,茂金属2%-5%,受阻胺光稳定剂5%-11%,抗氧化剂1.7%-4.2%,紫外线吸收剂1.8%-5.1%,分散剂硬脂酸1.8%-5.6%,分散剂聚乙烯蜡0.9%-3.0%,除草剂乙草胺3%-9%,保温剂水滑石4%-10%,纳米黄色染料7%-15%;
所述黄黑地膜的制备方法包括以下步骤;
步骤一:将相应重量份数的23-30份LLDPE、3-6份LDPE、3-7份mPE、5-15份黑色母料进行充分混合,形成外层;
步骤二:将相应重量份数的15-23份LLDPE、2-3份LDPE、1-5份mPE、5-11份黄色母料进行充分混合,形成中层;
步骤三:将相应重量份数的25-30份LLDPE、2-7份LDPE、3-8份mPE、5-14份黄色母料进行充分混合,形成内层;
步骤四:将步骤一、步骤二和步骤三中获得的外层、中层以及内层进行充分加热并热熔吹塑,经三层共挤,然后进行吹胀、牵伸进而获得黄黑地膜,最后进行冷却,切割,卷绕,包装。
优选的,所述LLDPE选取LLDPE 7050H、LLDPE 1002KW中的一种或多种,所述LLDPE颗粒的熔体流动速率g/10min为2.0-3.0。。
优选的,所述LDPE选用LDPE2426H,LDPE的熔体流动速率g/10min为1.0-2.5。
优选的,所述mPE选用埃克森美孚生产的埃奇得MPE1810CA,所述mPE的熔体流动速率g/10min为1.0-2.0。
优选的,所述HDPE选用HDPE5000S,所述HDPE颗粒的熔体流动速率g/10min为1.0-2.0。
优选的,所述步骤四获得的黄黑地膜中,所述外层呈黑色,所述中层和所述内层呈黄色。
本发明的有益效果为:
一、可以引诱害虫到黄色面膜(内层)上,而不是落在植株上面,降低农药喷洒作物上面,降低农药使用量,有利于无公害蔬菜的生长,同时具有保墒、降低地温、除草、反光,作物长势旺盛,坐果多,使用普通地膜,没有吸引害虫功能。
二、黑色面膜(外层)与植株接触,具有节水保水的作用,因膜下面的土壤被遮盖,可以使得地表的水分不至于蒸发,有效利用秋冬降水降雪,蓄积水分,解决春干旱的自然状况。同时,使降水集中于有效根群区,达到肥水的高度耦合,提高了肥水的利用率。
三、黑色面膜(外层)具有保温调温的功能,由于黑膜的膜下土壤见光少,白天及高温季节外界光照强,其遮盖阳光的直射,避免地表升温过快;晚上及低温季节又如同棉被一样保温,避免温度过快下降,膜下土壤温度不因外界气温的大变化而变化,可起到稳定地温的作用,因而可以促进根系生长,增强树势。
四、黑色面膜(外层)因阳光被膜遮挡,阻止膜下土壤杂草的光合作用,加之温度相对较低,地面杂草的生长受到限制,具有优良的抑制和根除杂草生长发育的效果,防止果树所需营养成分的损失,同时减少田间除草耕作劳动强度。
五、黑色面膜(外层)覆盖栽培可以减少果树下土壤水分的蒸发,从而降低果园的大气湿度,防止霉叶病等病害的发生;同时,由于膜下土壤温度和光照的调节,使食心虫、红蜘蛛等病虫害无法生存适应,防治病虫害产生,具有减少烂果、畸形果的发生率。
六、黑色面膜(外层)覆盖育果,由于其有益的保墒、集雨、保温调温、除草、防止病虫害、提高肥水利用率,及时为果树生长发育提供养分等功能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据本发明实施例的一种黄黑地膜的结构示意图;
图2是根据本发明实施例的一种黄黑地膜及其制备方法的步骤流程图;
图3是根据本发明实施例的一种黄黑地膜的实验数据表一;
图4是根据本发明实施例的一种黄黑地膜的实验数据表二。
图中:
1、外层;2、中层;3、内层。
具体实施方式
为进一步说明各实施例,本发明提供有附图,这些附图为本发明揭露内容的一部分,其主要用以说明实施例,并可配合说明书的相关描述来解释实施例的运作原理,配合参考这些内容,本领域普通技术人员应能理解其他可能的实施方式以及本发明的优点,图中的组件并未按比例绘制,而类似的组件符号通常用来表示类似的组件。
根据本发明的实施例,提供了一种黄黑地膜及其制备方法。
实施例一;
如图1所示,根据本发明实施例的基于黄黑地膜及其制备方法,包括外层1、中层2以及内层3,所述外层1、所述中层2以及所述内层3三者挤压复合在一起。
实施例二;
如图1所示,所述外层1由PE、茂金属、纳米黑色染料、光稳定剂、抗氧剂材料组成,所述中层2与所述内层3均由PE、茂金属、纳米黄色染料、光稳定剂、抗氧剂材料组成。从上述的设计不难看出,通过连接片与弧形片的配合设置,形成抱箍结构,方便对牲畜进行夹持,且阻尼弹簧与橡胶板的配合,则避免连接片直接与牲畜直接接触。
实施例三;
如图1-2所示,根据本发明的实施例,还提供了一种黄黑地膜制备方法,用于基于黄黑地膜,包括下列重量份数的组份:LLDPE 63-83份,LDPE 7-16份,mPE 7-20份,黑母料5-15份,黄母料10-25份;
所述黑母料由下列重量百分比的原料制成:LLDPE粉料23%-37%,LDPE 5%-17%,HDPE粉料6%-13%,mPE 8%-14%,茂金属2%-5%,受阻胺光稳定剂5%-11%,抗氧化剂1.7%-4.2%,紫外线吸收剂1.8%-5.1%,分散剂硬脂酸1.8%-5.6%,分散剂聚乙烯蜡0.9%-3.0%,除草剂乙草胺3%-9%,保温剂水滑石4%-10%,纳米黑色染料8%-13%;
所述黄母料由下列重量百分比的原料制成:LLDPE粉料23%-37%,LDPE 5%-17%,HDPE粉料6%-13%,mPE 8%-14%,茂金属2%-5%,受阻胺光稳定剂5%-11%,抗氧化剂1.7%-4.2%,紫外线吸收剂1.8%-5.1%,分散剂硬脂酸1.8%-5.6%,分散剂聚乙烯蜡0.9%-3.0%,除草剂乙草胺3%-9%,保温剂水滑石4%-10%,纳米黄色染料7%-15%;
包括以下步骤;
步骤S101,将相应重量份数的23-30份LLDPE、3-6份LDPE、3-7份mPE、5-15份黑色母料进行充分混合,形成外层1;
步骤S103,将相应重量份数的15-23份LLDPE、2-3份LDPE、1-5份mPE、5-11份黄色母料进行充分混合,形成中层2;
步骤S105,将相应重量份数的25-30份LLDPE、2-7份LDPE、3-8份mPE、5-14份黄色母料进行充分混合,形成内层3;
步骤S107,将步骤一、步骤二和步骤三中获得的外层1、中层2以及内层3进行充分加热并热熔吹塑,经三层共挤,然后进行吹胀、牵伸进而获得黄黑地膜,最后进行冷却,切割,卷绕,包装。
实施例四;
如图1-2所示,所述LLDPE选取LLDPE 7050H、LLDPE 1002KW中的一种或多种,所述LLDPE颗粒的熔体流动速率g/10min为2.0-3.0,所述LDPE选用LDPE2426H,LDPE的熔体流动速率g/10min为1.0-2.5,所述mPE选用埃克森美孚生产的埃奇得MPE1810CA,所述mPE的熔体流动速率g/10min为1.0-2.0,所述HDPE选用HDPE5000S,所述HDPE颗粒的熔体流动速率g/10min为1.0-2.0,所述步骤四获得的黄黑地膜中,所述外层1呈黑色,所述中层2和所述内层3呈黄色。
综上所述,借助于本发明的上述技术方案,使用时黑色面朝内,保温、保墒、抑制杂草生长,黄色面朝外引诱害虫,方便集中杀死害虫,防止病虫害的产生,有利于无公害蔬菜的生长,提高作物长势,引诱害虫方便集中杀死害虫,同时具有保墒、降低地温、抑制杂草生长,有利于无公害蔬菜的生长。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种黄黑地膜,其特征在于,包括外层(1)、中层(2)以及内层(3),所述外层(1)、所述中层(2)以及所述内层(3)三者挤压复合在一起。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种黄黑地膜,其特征在于,所述外层(1)由PE、茂金属、纳米黑色染料、光稳定剂、抗氧剂材料组成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种黄黑地膜,其特征在于,所述中层(2)与所述内层(3)由PE、茂金属、纳米黄色染料、光稳定剂、抗氧剂材料组成。
4.一种黄黑地膜制备方法,其特征在于,用于权利要求3所述的黄黑地膜,包括下列重量份数的组份:LLDPE 63-83份,LDPE 7-16份,mPE 7-20份,黑母料5-15份,黄母料10-25份;
所述黑母料由下列重量百分比的原料制成:LLDPE粉料23%-37%,LDPE 5%-17%,HDPE粉料6%-13%,mPE 8%-14%,茂金属2%-5%,受阻胺光稳定剂5%-11%,抗氧化剂1.7%-4.2%,紫外线吸收剂1.8%-5.1%,分散剂硬脂酸1.8%-5.6%,分散剂聚乙烯蜡0.9%-3.0%,除草剂乙草胺3%-9%,保温剂水滑石4%-10%,纳米黑色染料8%-13%;
所述黄母料由下列重量百分比的原料制成:LLDPE粉料23%-37%,LDPE 5%-17%,HDPE粉料6%-13%,mPE 8%-14%,茂金属2%-5%,受阻胺光稳定剂5%-11%,抗氧化剂1.7%-4.2%,紫外线吸收剂1.8%-5.1%,分散剂硬脂酸1.8%-5.6%,分散剂聚乙烯蜡0.9%-3.0%,除草剂乙草胺3%-9%,保温剂水滑石4%-10%,纳米黄色染料7%-15%;
所述黄黑地膜的制备方法包括以下步骤;
步骤一:将相应重量份数的23-30份LLDPE、3-6份LDPE、3-7份mPE、5-15份黑色母料进行充分混合,形成外层(1);
步骤二:将相应重量份数的15-23份LLDPE、2-3份LDPE、1-5份mPE、5-11份黄色母料进行充分混合,形成中层(2);
步骤三:将相应重量份数的25-30份LLDPE、2-7份LDPE、3-8份mPE、5-14份黄色母料进行充分混合,形成内层(3);
步骤四:将步骤一、步骤二和步骤三中获得的外层(1)、中层(2)以及内层(3)进行充分加热并热熔吹塑,经三层共挤,然后进行吹胀、牵伸进而获得黄黑地膜,最后进行冷却,切割,卷绕,包装。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种黄黑地膜制备方法,其特征在于,所述LLDPE选取LLDPE7050H、LLDPE 1002KW中的一种或多种,所述LLDPE颗粒的熔体流动速率g/10min为2.0-3.0。
6.根据权利要求5所述的种黄黑地膜制备方法,其特征在于,所述LDPE选用LDPE2426H,LDPE的熔体流动速率g/10min为1.0-2.5。
7.根据权利要求6所述的种黄黑地膜制备方法,其特征在于,所述mPE选用埃克森美孚生产的埃奇得MPE1810CA,所述mPE的熔体流动速率g/10min为1.0-2.0。
8.根据权利要求7所述的种黄黑地膜制备方法,其特征在于,所述HDPE选用HDPE5000S,所述HDPE颗粒的熔体流动速率g/10min为1.0-2.0。
9.根据权利要求8所述的种黄黑地膜制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤四获得的黄黑地膜中,所述外层(1)呈黑色,所述中层(2)和所述内层(3)呈黄色。
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