CN112544187A - Automatic fertile device that spreads is balanced in regulation - Google Patents
Automatic fertile device that spreads is balanced in regulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN112544187A CN112544187A CN202011141399.7A CN202011141399A CN112544187A CN 112544187 A CN112544187 A CN 112544187A CN 202011141399 A CN202011141399 A CN 202011141399A CN 112544187 A CN112544187 A CN 112544187A
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- fertilizer
- point suspension
- tractor
- oil cylinder
- hydraulic oil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/06—Fertiliser distributors with distributing slots, e.g. adjustable openings for dosing
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance, which comprises a tractor, a three-point suspension, a fertilizer bin, a fertilizer throwing disc, a controller, an inclination angle sensor, an electromagnetic directional valve, a displacement sensor, a screw rod and a hydraulic oil cylinder, wherein the three-point suspension is driven by a lifting driving mechanism of the tractor to lift, the fertilizer bin and the fertilizer throwing disc are respectively arranged on the three-point suspension from top to bottom, the fertilizer throwing disc is positioned at a discharge port of the fertilizer bin, the inclination angle sensor is arranged on the fertilizer bin, the hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged on the tractor, the output end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with a driving arm on one side of the three-point suspension, the displacement sensor is connected with the electromagnetic directional valve through the controller, and the displacement sensor is arranged on. Has the advantages that: the inclination degree of the three-point suspension is sensed by acquiring inclination parameters through an additional inclination sensor, and the controller directly controls the hydraulic oil cylinder to work through the reversing valve so that the three-point suspension keeps balance and the fertilizer spreading distance is consistent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance.
Background
At present, spreading and fertilizing equipment used in field production is directly hung on a tractor without a balance adjusting device. In order to reduce the pressure of tires of a tractor during the operation of a wheat field, an operator enables the tires on one side of the tractor to be sleeved in the longitudinal drainage ditch to run, so that the tractor inclines, the throwing surface of a throwing and fertilizing device (such as a throwing disc) inclines, fertilizer is thrown or near or far in the field, the uniformity is poor, the growth of crops in the same field is unbalanced, and the balanced yield increase of the field is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance, which is realized by the following technical scheme:
the fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance comprises a tractor, a three-point suspension, a fertilizer bin, a fertilizer throwing disc, a controller, an inclination angle sensor, an electromagnetic directional valve, a displacement sensor, a screw rod and a hydraulic oil cylinder, wherein the three-point suspension is driven by a lifting driving mechanism of the tractor to lift, the fertilizer bin and the fertilizer throwing disc are respectively installed on the three-point suspension from top to bottom, the fertilizer throwing disc is located at a discharge opening of the fertilizer bin, the inclination angle sensor is arranged on the fertilizer bin, the hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged on the tractor, an output end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with a driving arm on one side of the three-point suspension, the displacement sensor is connected with the electromagnetic directional valve through the controller to form a control unit, and the displacement sensor is arranged on the fertilizer bin and is connected with a driving end.
The fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance is further designed in such a way that the inclination angle data acquired by the controller is set to be alpha, the distance w between tire prints of a tractor in the current operating environment, the length l of a main shaft of a driving wheel of the tractor, the inclination angle lambda corresponding to the balance state of three-point suspension are set, and when the alpha is less than or equal to lambda or the lambda is equal to or smaller than
When the balance state of the fertilizer bin is judged, the controller controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in a locking state, and when the balance state of the fertilizer bin is judged to be in the balance state, the controller controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in the locking state
And when the delta alpha is less than or equal to the lambda and represents the difference value of the collected angles at the current collection interval, judging that the three-point suspension is in an unbalanced state at the moment, and starting the electromagnetic directional valve by the controller until the three-point suspension is in a balanced state again.
The fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance is further designed in a mode that lambda epsilon (1, 2) is set.
The fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance is further designed in such a way that h is set as the stroke of a hydraulic oil cylinder acquired by a displacement sensor, and then the balance is adjusted
And when delta is a constant and meets delta epsilon (0, 0.5), the controller controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in a locking state.
The fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance is further designed in that a safety support is arranged below the output end of the hydraulic oil cylinder.
The fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance is further designed in that the safety support is a U-shaped clamping groove, and one side of the U-shaped clamping groove is fixed on a hydraulic oil cylinder lever lug.
The fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance is further designed in that the bearing part of the three-point suspension is an angular support, the angular support is formed by connecting a supporting end face horizontally arranged with a connecting end face vertically arranged, the driving arms of the three-point suspension are respectively hinged to the connecting end face, the fertilizer bin is fixedly connected onto the connecting end face, and the fertilizer throwing disc is rotatably arranged on the supporting end face.
The fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance is further designed in that the driving part of the three-point suspension comprises two suspension arms and a central suspension arm, the two suspension arms are in transmission connection with a lifting driving mechanism of a tractor to realize synchronous lifting, and the central suspension arm is connected with the connecting end face through a connecting seat.
The invention has the following advantages:
according to the fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance, the inclination degree of a three-point suspension (fertilizer bin) is sensed by additionally arranging the inclination angle sensor to acquire the inclination angle parameters, the controller directly controls the hydraulic oil cylinder to work through the reversing valve to keep balance of the three-point suspension, so that fertilizer spreading distances are consistent, the fertilizer spreading is uniform, crops in the field grow in a balanced manner, and finally, balanced yield increase is achieved.
On the other hand, the feedback stroke data of the hydraulic oil cylinder is combined, the hydraulic oil cylinder is corrected after the calculation of the controller, and the influence of data errors caused by bumping on the control of the hydraulic oil cylinder is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the direction a of the structural schematic view of the fertilizer spreading device for automatically adjusting balance shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance of the embodiment mainly comprises a tractor 1, a three-point suspension 2, a fertilizer bin 21, a fertilizer throwing disc 23, a controller 4, an inclination angle sensor 22, an electromagnetic directional valve 32, a displacement sensor 34, a screw rod 33 and a hydraulic oil cylinder 3. The three-point suspension 2 is driven to lift by a lifting driving mechanism (not shown in the figure, a hydraulic lifting mechanism is generally adopted). The fertilizer bin 21 and the fertilizer throwing disc 23 are respectively arranged on the three-point suspension 2 from top to bottom, and the fertilizer throwing disc 23 is positioned at a discharge port below the fertilizer bin 21. The tilt sensor 22 is provided on the fertilizer bin 21. The hydraulic oil cylinder 3 is arranged on the tractor 1, and the output end (movable end) of the hydraulic oil cylinder 3 is connected with the driving arm on one side of the three-point suspension. The displacement sensor 34 is connected to the electromagnetic directional valve 32 through the controller 4 to form a control unit. The displacement sensor 34 is arranged on the fertilizer bin 21, is connected with the driving end of the hydraulic oil cylinder 3 through the screw rod 33, and is connected with the electromagnetic directional valve 32 through the controller 4 to form a feedback correction unit, so that the tractor is prevented from causing errors due to inclination angle data collected by the inclination angle sensor 22 during operation due to shaking, and the controller is used for directly controlling the electromagnetic directional valve 32 to regulate and control the on-off time of the hydraulic oil cylinder 3.
In the embodiment, the inclination angle data acquired by the controller is set to be alpha, the tire print distance w of the tractor in the current operating environment, the length l of the main shaft of the driving wheel of the tractor, the inclination angle lambda corresponding to the state that the three-point suspension is in a balanced state, and when the alpha is less than or equal to lambda or
When the balance state of the fertilizer bin is judged, the controller controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in a locking state, and when the balance state of the fertilizer bin is judged to be in the balance state, the controller controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in the locking state
And when the delta alpha is less than or equal to the lambda and represents the difference value of the collected angles at the current collection interval, judging that the three-point suspension is in an unbalanced state at the moment, and starting the electromagnetic directional valve by the controller until the three-point suspension is in a balanced state again.
The technical scheme of the invention is to set lambda epsilon (1, 2), and the embodiment is set to be 1.5 and unit degree.
Further, setting h as the stroke of the hydraulic oil cylinder acquired by the displacement sensor, when the stroke is equal to the stroke of the hydraulic oil cylinder acquired by the displacement sensor
Where δ is a constant and δ ∈ (0, 0.5) is satisfied, the controller controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in the lock-up state, and δ is set to 0.5 in this embodiment.
The safety support is arranged below the output end of the hydraulic oil cylinder. One side of the safety support is fixed on a hydraulic oil cylinder lever ear ring, and the other side of the safety support is a U-shaped clamping groove, so that the hydraulic oil cylinder 3 is prevented from causing unpredictable damage to the tractor and the fertilizer spreading device under the condition of zero gravity.
The bearing part of the three-point suspension of the present embodiment is an angular bracket, which is formed by connecting a horizontally arranged supporting end surface 25 and a vertically arranged connecting end surface 24. The driving arms of the three-point suspension are respectively: two suspension arms 243 and a center pull rod 242, the two suspension arms are driven by a lifting driving mechanism (in this embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder) of the tractor to realize synchronous lifting, and the center pull rod is connected with the connecting end surface 24 through a connecting seat 241. The fertilizer spreading device of the embodiment can change the front and rear inclination angles of the fertilizer bin by adjusting the length of the pull rod. The two hanging arms 243 are movably connected to the connecting end surface 24, and the fertilizer bin 21 is fixedly connected to the connecting end surface 24. The fertilizer throwing disk 23 is rotatably arranged on the supporting end surface 25.
Specifically, the connecting end surface 24 is correspondingly provided with a connecting seat for movably connecting with the hanging arm 243, the connecting seat is provided with a through hole, and the movable connection between the connecting end surface 24 and the hanging arm 243 is realized by inserting a support shaft between the through hole and the hanging arm 243.
The fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance senses the inclination degree of a three-point suspension (fertilizer bin) by additionally arranging an inclination angle sensor, controls the hydraulic oil cylinder to work by the controller directly through the reversing valve to keep the three-point suspension balanced, combines the stroke data of the fed-back hydraulic oil cylinder, and corrects the hydraulic oil cylinder after the operation of the controller to avoid the influence of data errors caused by bumping on the control of the hydraulic oil cylinder.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance is characterized by comprising a tractor, a three-point suspension, a fertilizer bin, a fertilizer throwing disc, a controller, an inclination angle sensor, an electromagnetic directional valve, a displacement sensor, a screw rod and a hydraulic oil cylinder, the three-point suspension is driven to lift by a lifting driving mechanism of a tractor, the fertilizer bin and the fertilizer throwing disc are respectively arranged on the three-point suspension from top to bottom, the fertilizer throwing disc is positioned at the discharge port of the fertilizer bin, the inclination angle sensor is arranged on the fertilizer bin, the hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged on the tractor, the output end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with the driving arm on one side of the three-point suspension, the displacement sensor is connected with the electromagnetic directional valve through the controller to form a control unit, and the displacement sensor is arranged on the fertilizer bin and connected with the driving end of the hydraulic oil cylinder through a screw rod to form a feedback correction unit.
2. The fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance according to claim 1, wherein the controller is set to acquire inclination angle data of the inclination angle sensor as alpha, the distance w between tire marks of the tractor in the current operating environment, the length l of a main shaft of a driving wheel of the tractor, and an inclination angle lambda corresponding to a state that a three-point suspension is in a balanced state, when alpha is not more than lambda or
At that time, the fertilizer at that time is judgedThe stock bin is in a balanced state, the controller controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in a locking state, and when the stock bin is in the balanced state, the controller controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in the locking state
And when the delta alpha is less than or equal to the lambda and represents the difference value of the collected angles at the current collection interval, judging that the three-point suspension is in an unbalanced state at the moment, and starting the electromagnetic directional valve by the controller until the three-point suspension is in a balanced state again.
3. A self-balancing fertilizer applicator as claimed in claim 2 wherein λ e (1, 2) is set.
4. The fertilizer distributor capable of automatically adjusting balance as claimed in claim 2, wherein h is set as the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder collected by the displacement sensor, when the stroke is equal to h
And when delta is a constant and meets delta epsilon (0, 0.5), the controller controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in a locking state.
5. The fertilizer distributor capable of automatically adjusting balance as claimed in claim 1, wherein a safety bracket is arranged below the output end of the hydraulic cylinder.
6. The fertilizer distributor capable of automatically adjusting balance as claimed in claim 5, wherein the safety bracket is a U-shaped slot, and one side of the U-shaped slot is fixed to a lever ear ring of the hydraulic cylinder.
7. The fertilizer spreading device capable of automatically adjusting balance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bearing part of the three-point suspension is an angular bracket, the angular bracket is formed by connecting a horizontally arranged supporting end face and a vertically arranged connecting end face, the driving arms of the three-point suspension are respectively hinged to the connecting end faces, the fertilizer bin is fixedly connected to the connecting end faces, and the fertilizer throwing disc is rotatably arranged on the supporting end faces.
8. The fertilizer distributor with automatic balance adjustment function as claimed in claim 7, wherein the driving part of the three-point suspension comprises two suspension arms and a central suspension arm, the two suspension arms are in transmission connection with a lifting driving mechanism of the tractor to realize synchronous lifting, and the central suspension arm is connected with the connecting end face through a connecting seat.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011141399.7A CN112544187A (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Automatic fertile device that spreads is balanced in regulation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011141399.7A CN112544187A (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Automatic fertile device that spreads is balanced in regulation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112544187A true CN112544187A (en) | 2021-03-26 |
Family
ID=75042839
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011141399.7A Pending CN112544187A (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Automatic fertile device that spreads is balanced in regulation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112544187A (en) |
-
2020
- 2020-10-22 CN CN202011141399.7A patent/CN112544187A/en active Pending
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