CN112541968B

CN112541968B - Grid-based three-dimensional effect enhancement visualization method

Info

Publication number: CN112541968B
Application number: CN202011502294.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈川; 刘永绩; 吴建军; 何朝阳
Original assignee: AVIC Chengdu Aircraft Design and Research Institute
Current assignee: AVIC Chengdu Aircraft Design and Research Institute
Priority date: 2020-12-17
Filing date: 2020-12-17
Publication date: 2022-11-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-17
Also published as: CN112541968A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of image display and discloses a grid-based three-dimensional effect enhancement visualization method. Based on the existing airplane structure and system three-dimensional digital analogy, a perspective grid definition method for generating a perspective effect is firstly provided, then a position and picture size method of an organism structure, system equipment and a pipe network two-dimensional vector diagram in a grid for expressing the inner space of an airplane is defined, and finally a shielding principle of the structure, the pipe network and equipment graphs in the grid is defined, and finally three-dimensional effect enhanced display of electromechanical system equipment and the pipe network based on the grid is realized.

Description

Grid-based three-dimensional effect enhancement visualization method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of image display, and particularly relates to a grid-based three-dimensional effect enhancement visualization method.

Background

The three-dimensional visualization software has strong space expression capability, depends on a strong three-dimensional rendering engine, has high dimensional and position precision expression, and can provide almost what you see is what you get rendering effect for designers. The design of the mechanical and electrical system of the airplane comprises a large number of airplane pipe networks, finished products and other equipment, software designed for the electromechanical system of the airplane takes system architecture and logic relationship design as a core, a visualization method capable of visually expressing the arrangement conditions of the system pipe networks and the equipment in the internal space of the airplane body needs to be developed, the application scene has low requirements on size, position and shadow rendering precision, the traditional three-dimensional rendering engine technology is directly adopted, the calculation amount is large, the operation response is slow, and the secondary development difficulty is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The perspective principle is a method for expressing the spatial position in a plane by changing the size and the mutual position of the graph, and can effectively express the effects of distance, angle, shielding and the like of an object in the space. The vector diagram is a two-dimensional graphic format commonly used in airplane design software, and defines the information of graphic color, contour, screen position, etc. as a group of attribute vectors to be stored and transmitted.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a grid-based three-dimensional effect enhanced visualization method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: constructing a perspective background grid;

step two: acquiring a visual material of a component;

step three: arranging the obtained part visualization materials in a perspective background grid;

step four: adjusting the proportion of the component according to the perspective principle and the position of the component visualization material in the perspective background grid;

step five: and confirming the occlusion relation of the part according to the perspective principle and the real position relation of the part visualization material.

Further, in the first step, the perspective background mesh construction process is as follows:

emitting a set of rays from a focal spot;

taking the middle ray as a starting point and the two edge rays as an end point to be used as a horizontal baseline and a vertical baseline;

and taking the middle ray as a starting point, two edge rays as an end point, the distance d as an offset distance reference, and a as a growth gradient, and sequentially drawing all horizontal lines and vertical lines to obtain a perspective background grid.

Further, in the second step, the angle of the middle ray is used as a visual angle, and the component vector diagrams to be visualized are sequentially intercepted in the same proportion to obtain a component visualization material.

Further, in the second step, the method further includes: and measuring the mechanical interface coordinates of the part to be visualized based on three-dimensional visualization software.

Further, in the third step, the position of the component to be visualized in the perspective background grid is adjusted, so that the mechanical interface coordinates of the components with the connection relationship coincide.

Further, in the fourth step, if the distance between the two parts to be visualized in the perspective background grid along the ray direction is L; the distance between two parts to be visualized along the ray direction in three-dimensional visualization software is L';

the size of the part to be visualized closer to the focus is L/L' of the size of the part to be visualized farther from the focus.

Further, in the first step, in a group of rays emitted from the focus, the included angle between two adjacent rays is the same and is a constant value.

Further, the growth gradient a is 20%; the included angle between the rays is 5-10 degrees.

The invention constructs a visualization method capable of running in other system design software in a light weight manner by utilizing the three-dimensional design digital-analog resources of the existing airplane system and the perspective principle based on grids, and solves the visualization design problem of multiple design platforms of the electromechanical system. Has the following advantages:

a) The method can borrow the three-dimensional model of the equipment formed in the three-dimensional design platform, and does not need to redevelop the three-dimensional visual model;

b) The method constructs a perspective background by grids, and can better express the visualization relations such as position, connection, occlusion and the like;

c) The method has a strict position and perspective effect calculation method, and the three-dimensional effect is vivid;

d) In the process of constructing the three-dimensional enhanced visualization, the method only depends on coordinate transformation and proportion adjustment, and the composition calculation is simple and efficient;

e) In the process of constructing the three-dimensional enhanced visualization, the method does not depend on any three-dimensional rendering engine and can be operated with various system logic and performance design software;

drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional effect enhancement visualization of a pipeline;

in the figure, 1 is a perspective grid focus, 2 is a perspective grid upper edge ray, 3 is a perspective grid middle ray, 4 is a perspective grid lower edge ray, 5 is a perspective grid ray included angle, 6 is a perspective grid vertical baseline, 7 is a perspective grid horizontal baseline, 8 is a visual element far-end bearing frame, 9 is a visual element pipeline, 10 is a visual element near-end bearing frame, 11 is a mechanical connection point of the visual element near-end bearing frame and the visual element pipeline, and 12 is a mechanical connection point of the visual element far-end bearing frame and the visual element pipeline.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a perspective grid defining method for generating perspective effect based on the existing airplane structure and system three-dimensional digifax, then defines the position and picture size method of the body structure, system equipment and pipe network two-dimensional vector diagram in the grid for expressing the inner space of the airplane, finally defines the shielding principle of the structure, pipe network and equipment graph in the grid, and finally realizes the three-dimensional effect enhancement display of the electromechanical system equipment and pipe network based on the grid. The method is based on the following features:

1) The invention comprises a group of grids as visual background

2) The component in the invention comprises a vector image picture and a group of interface coordinate data

3) The visual element of the component in the invention is a vector diagram format picture intercepted in a three-dimensional environment

4) The three-dimensional information of the part in the invention is a group of data of three-dimensional coordinates of the mechanical connection position of the part and other parts

5) The position and the size of the visual element of the component in the grid are determined by converting the interface coordinate data

The following description is given by a three-dimensional visualization method of the position relationship between a group of pipelines and two fuselage bearing frames of an airplane.

As shown in fig. 1, firstly, a perspective background grid is constructed, wherein a perspective effect enhancement network in the view comprises a group of rays emitted from a focus 1, included angles 5 among the rays are constant values, a middle ray 3 is taken as a starting point, an upper edge ray 2 and a lower edge ray 4 are taken as end points, and a horizontal baseline 7 and a vertical baseline 6 are made; and (3) taking the middle ray 3 as a starting point, taking the upper edge ray 2 and the lower edge ray 4 as end points, respectively taking the distance d as a deviation distance reference and taking 20% as a growth gradient, sequentially drawing all horizontal lines and vertical lines, and finally forming a perspective grid with the rays.

Then, acquiring a component visual material, wherein the visual material comprises a group of pipelines and two fuselage bearing frames of an airplane, the visual material comprises three-dimensional vector diagrams of 3 components, and the acquisition mode is that the component vector diagrams 8,9 and 10 to be visualized are sequentially intercepted in the same proportion by taking the angle of a middle ray 3 as a visual angle in three-dimensional visual software; the visual material also includes the mechanical interface coordinates of 3 parts, and the acquisition mode is measurement acquisition in three-dimensional visual software, as shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 coordinate relation table of mechanical interface

Visualization component	Visualization component	Interface coordinate
			Bearing frame
10	Pipeline 11	(x1,y1,z1)
			Pipe line 11	Bearing frame 12	(x2,y2,z2)

Thirdly, arranging a visual component vector diagram, and arranging a bearing frame 8 at the center of the picture; arranging the pipeline 9 in a picture, and enabling the pipeline to be superposed with a mechanical interface 11 of the far-end bearing frame 8 through position adjustment; arranging a proximal bearing frame 10 in the exchange surface, and enabling the proximal bearing frame to be superposed with a mechanical interface 11 of the pipeline 9 through position adjustment;

fourthly, the proportion of visual parts is adjusted according to a perspective principle, the projection distance m of the near-end force bearing frame mechanical interface 11 and the far-end force bearing frame mechanical interface 12 on the ray 2 is measured, the real standing distance x2-x1 of the near-end force bearing frame mechanical interface 11 and the far-end force bearing frame mechanical interface 12 is confirmed according to interface data, and the perspective size reduction proportion of the far-end force bearing frame 12 is confirmed to be m/(x 2-x 1);

fifthly, confirming the occlusion relation of the components according to the perspective principle, and sequentially forming occlusion by vector diagram boundaries according to the component station position.

The invention provides a grid-based three-dimensional effect enhancement visualization method aiming at the visual expression requirement of the position relation of a pipe network, equipment and the internal space of an airplane in the design engineering of an electromechanical system of the airplane, and by utilizing a perspective principle and the characteristic of no distortion of vector diagram size.

Claims

1. A grid-based three-dimensional effect enhancement visualization method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: constructing a perspective background grid; the process is as follows: emitting a set of rays from the focal spot (1); taking the middle ray (3) as a starting point and taking the two edge rays (2,4) as end points as a horizontal baseline (7) and a vertical baseline (6); sequentially drawing all horizontal lines and vertical lines to obtain a perspective background grid by taking a middle ray as a starting point, two edge rays as an end point, a distance d as an offset distance reference and a as an increasing gradient;

step two: sequentially intercepting the component vector diagrams to be visualized by using the angle of the middle ray as a visual angle and the same proportion to obtain component visualization materials;

step three: arranging the obtained part visualization materials in a perspective background grid; adjusting the position of the part to be visualized in the perspective background grid to ensure that the mechanical interface coordinates of the parts with the connection relation are overlapped;

step four: adjusting the proportion of the components according to the perspective principle and the position of the visualized materials of the components in the perspective background grids; if the distance between the two parts to be visualized in the perspective background grid along the ray direction is L; the distance between two parts to be visualized along the ray direction in three-dimensional visualization software is L'; the size of the part to be visualized closer to the focal point is L/L 'of the size of the part to be visualized farther from the focal point'

2. The method of claim 1 for mesh-based three-dimensional effect enhanced visualization, wherein: in the second step, the method further comprises: and measuring the mechanical interface coordinates of the part to be visualized based on three-dimensional visualization software.

3. The method of claim 2 for mesh-based three-dimensional effect enhanced visualization, wherein: in the first step, in a group of rays emitted from the focus, the included angles (5) between two adjacent rays are the same and are constant.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the three-dimensional effect enhancement visualization based on the grid is characterized in that: the growth gradient a is 20%; the included angle between the rays is 5-10 degrees.