CN112540014B - Fatigue test device and method under high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere - Google Patents
Fatigue test device and method under high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere Download PDFInfo
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- CN112540014B CN112540014B CN202011396731.4A CN202011396731A CN112540014B CN 112540014 B CN112540014 B CN 112540014B CN 202011396731 A CN202011396731 A CN 202011396731A CN 112540014 B CN112540014 B CN 112540014B
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- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012502 risk assessment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/36—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/066—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with electrical indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0236—Other environments
- G01N2203/0242—With circulation of a fluid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fatigue test device and a method under high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere, belonging to the field of fracture mechanics test under high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere, comprising the following steps: a fatigue test kettle; the upper cover of the test kettle is detachably arranged at the top of the fatigue test kettle and is used for sealing the fatigue test kettle; the test kettle bottom cover is detachably arranged at the bottom of the fatigue test kettle and used for sealing the fatigue test kettle, and a static sealing mechanism is arranged at the joint of the test kettle bottom cover and the fatigue test kettle; the first upper connecting shaft penetrates through the upper cover of the test kettle and extends into the fatigue test kettle, and a dynamic sealing mechanism is arranged at the penetrating position of the first upper connecting shaft and the upper cover of the test kettle. According to the invention, the lead terminal is used on the bottom cover of the test kettle, so that the crack length is measured by a potential method, the research on crack propagation is facilitated, and the method has important significance for fracture risk assessment; by designing the dynamic sealing mechanism, alternating load in a fatigue test is resisted, and the tightness and the safety under high pressure are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fracture mechanics test under high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere, in particular to a fatigue test device and method under high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere.
Background
Hydrogen energy is a clean and efficient secondary energy source and is also an industrial raw material gas with wide application. In the future, hydrogen energy may occupy an increasingly important position in the traffic field and the industrial field, and becomes an important way for optimizing the energy consumption structure of China.
Hydrogen is transported mainly through pipes during transportation. Currently, there are two situations in which hydrogen is transported through a pipeline: firstly, the mixed hydrogen of the existing natural gas pipeline is conveyed, and secondly, pure hydrogen is conveyed by using the existing or newly-built pipeline. Hydrogen has the adverse effect of reducing its mechanical properties on commonly used metallic materials such as carbon steel, low alloy steels, commonly referred to as hydrogen embrittlement. Due to the limitation of the production process, the coal gas contains a certain amount of hydrogen, and hydrogen molecules can be adsorbed on the surface of the material and then decomposed into adsorbed hydrogen atoms, and the adsorbed hydrogen atoms enter the material through desorption, so that the reduction of area, the elongation, the fracture toughness and the fatigue crack growth resistance of the material can be reduced, and the risk of hydrogen embrittlement failure of a high-strength steel pipeline in the running and service process can be further caused. With the continuous development of the oil and gas industry, the adoption of high-grade, large-caliber and high-pressure conveying pipelines is an important production trend, but the higher the strength of pipeline steel is, the higher the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity is.
Therefore, in designing and constructing a high-pressure hydrogen pipe, the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of the metal material used is evaluated. In the actual service process, the material is easy to be subjected to fatigue fracture by alternating load generated by temperature and pressure change in the pipeline, so that in order to ensure the service safety of the material, fatigue performance evaluation tests of the material (including a base metal, a welding line and a heat affected zone material thereof) in a high-pressure hydrogen environment are required.
At present, the fatigue test of metal materials under high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere is one of the hot spots of current research, and the testing device for butt-jointing the high-pressure environment box on the main machine of the traditional testing machine is the most widely used structure at present, but has the following defects:
(1) The traditional testing machine lacks a real-time monitoring device, because hydrogen is inflammable and explosive, certain potential safety hazards can be generated if leakage occurs in the testing process, and therefore the safety of testing personnel cannot be guaranteed by the equipment;
(2) The sealing mode of traditional testing machine is comparatively simple, and it is more complicated to dismantle, if can not in time change sealing material when live time is longer, can cause sealing efficiency to reduce.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fatigue test device and a fatigue test method under high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere, and the invention uses a lead terminal on the bottom cover of a test kettle to determine the crack length by a potential method so as to facilitate the research on crack propagation and evaluate the important significance of fracture risk; by designing the dynamic sealing mechanism, alternating load in a fatigue test is resisted, and the tightness and the safety under high pressure are ensured.
2. Technical proposal
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the fatigue test device under the high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere comprises:
a fatigue test kettle;
the upper cover of the test kettle is detachably arranged at the top of the fatigue test kettle and is used for sealing the fatigue test kettle;
the test kettle bottom cover is detachably arranged at the bottom of the fatigue test kettle and used for sealing the fatigue test kettle, and a static sealing mechanism is arranged at the joint of the test kettle bottom cover and the fatigue test kettle;
the first upper connecting shaft penetrates through the upper cover of the test kettle and extends into the fatigue test kettle, and a dynamic sealing mechanism is arranged at the penetrating position of the first upper connecting shaft and the upper cover of the test kettle;
the second upper connecting shaft is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first upper connecting shaft;
the first lower connecting shaft penetrates through the bottom cover of the test kettle and extends into the fatigue test kettle, and the penetrating part of the first lower connecting shaft and the bottom cover of the test kettle is in interference fit;
the second lower connecting shaft is in threaded connection with the first lower connecting shaft through a hexagonal nut;
the upper clamp is clamped with the second upper connecting shaft;
the lower clamp is clamped with the first lower connecting shaft;
the test piece is provided with a crack nozzle in the horizontal direction, and the test piece is connected with the upper clamp and the lower clamp through a bolt connecting piece;
the crack length measuring mechanism comprises two lead terminals and a constant current source, wherein one ends of the two lead terminals are fixedly arranged at the end part of the upper bolt through wires respectively, the two wires are mutually perpendicular to a crack nozzle in the horizontal direction, and the other ends of the two constant current sources extend out of the fatigue test kettle respectively and are connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the constant current source;
the recording mechanism comprises a detector, the detector is electrically connected with the constant current source, and matched computer software counting and current change in a storage loop are arranged in the detector so as to reflect resistance change and further reflect crack expansion degree;
the hydrogen mechanism supply mechanism is connected with the upper cover of the test kettle and is communicated with the fatigue test kettle, so as to provide a high-pressure hydrogen environment; and
the pressure measuring mechanism is connected with the upper cover of the test kettle and is connected with the fatigue test kettle for measuring the air pressure in the fatigue test kettle, and the lead terminal is used on the bottom cover of the test kettle to measure the crack length by a potential method so as to facilitate the research on crack expansion and evaluate the important meaning of fracture risk; by designing the dynamic sealing mechanism, alternating load in a fatigue test is resisted, and the tightness and the safety under high pressure are ensured.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the hydrogen supply mechanism comprises a connecting pipe, a regulating valve, an exhaust pipe, an exhaust valve, an exhaust fan, an air inlet pipe and an air inlet valve, wherein the regulating valve is fixedly arranged at the left end of the upper cover of the test kettle, the connecting pipe penetrates through the upper cover of the test kettle from outside to inside and extends into the fatigue test kettle, the regulating valve is arranged at the outer end part of the connecting pipe, the exhaust pipe is arranged at one side of the connecting pipe, the air inlet pipe is arranged at the other side of the regulating valve, the exhaust valve is arranged on the exhaust pipe, the air inlet valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe, and the exhaust fan is arranged at the end part of the exhaust pipe.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the pressure measuring mechanism comprises a pressure sensor, a pressure relief load and a pressure gauge, wherein the detection end of the pressure sensor penetrates through the upper cover of the test kettle and extends into the fatigue test kettle, the pressure gauge is electrically connected with the pressure sensor through a wire, and the pressure relief load is fixedly arranged at the top of the upper cover of the test kettle.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the dynamic sealing mechanism comprises a pressing nut, a pressing sheet and a first O-shaped ring, wherein the pressing nut is sleeved on the surface of the first upper connecting shaft, the pressing nut is in interference fit with the upper cover of the test kettle, the pressing sheet is filled at the joint of the upper cover of the test kettle and the first upper connecting shaft, the pressing sheet is in interference fit with the upper cover of the test kettle, a plurality of first O-shaped rings are arranged, and a plurality of first O-shaped rings are arranged at the penetrating position of the first upper connecting shaft and the upper cover of the test kettle.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the static sealing mechanism comprises two gaskets and two second O-shaped rings, wherein the two second O-shaped rings are bilaterally symmetrical, and the gaskets and the second O-shaped rings are arranged at the joint of the bottom cover of the test kettle and the upper cover of the test kettle.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the upper cover of the test kettle is detachably connected with the fatigue test kettle through a plurality of uniformly distributed hexagon screws, and the bottom cover of the test kettle is detachably connected with the fatigue test kettle through a plurality of uniformly distributed hexagon screws.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, handles are fixedly connected to the lateral ends of the upper cover and the bottom cover of the test kettle, friction rubber is wrapped on the handles, and uneven anti-slip lines are formed on the surfaces of the friction rubber.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the bolt connecting piece comprises an upper bolt and a lower bolt, wherein the upper clamp is connected with the upper bolt through the upper bolt, and the lower clamp is connected with the upper bolt through the lower bolt.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the invention further comprises an audible and visual alarm fixedly arranged at the top of the upper cover of the test kettle, and the audible and visual alarm is electrically connected with the detector.
The fatigue test method under the high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, welding two wires on the side surface of a test piece, which is perpendicular to a crack nozzle in the horizontal direction, and fixing the test piece by using two-liquid mixed hardening glue;
s2, connecting the test piece with an upper clamp and a lower clamp through an upper bolt and a lower bolt respectively;
s3, connecting two wires at one ends of two lead terminals respectively, covering an upper cover of the test kettle and a bottom cover of the test kettle, sealing a first upper connecting shaft with the bottom cover of the test kettle by using a first O-shaped ring, putting into a pressing sheet, screwing in a pressing nut, and detachably fastening the upper cover of the test kettle, the bottom cover of the test kettle and a fatigue test kettle by using hexagonal screws;
s3, pressurizing the fatigue test kettle, fixing an audible and visual alarm on the top of the upper cover of the test kettle, opening an air inlet valve, adjusting a regulating valve, introducing nitrogen into the fatigue test kettle through the air inlet pipe and the connecting pipe, closing the air inlet valve after the pressure gauge reaches the test pressure, opening an exhaust valve, adjusting the regulating valve, starting an exhaust fan, pumping the nitrogen out through the connecting pipe and the exhaust pipe, closing the exhaust valve when the pressure gauge is lowered to normal pressure, and repeating the process for a plurality of times to exhaust air;
s4, replacing hydrogen, and repeating the step S3, wherein the fatigue test kettle is filled with a proper amount of hydrogen by finally adopting an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve;
and S4, connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the constant current source to the two lead terminals respectively, detecting the current through the detector, and recording the detection result through the detector.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the invention, the lead terminal is used on the bottom cover of the test kettle, so that the crack length is measured by a potential method, the research on crack propagation is facilitated, and the method has important significance for fracture risk assessment.
(2) According to the invention, by designing the dynamic sealing mechanism, alternating load in a fatigue test is resisted, and the tightness and safety under high pressure are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fatigue test apparatus under a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the fatigue test apparatus of FIG. 1 at A under a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the fatigue test apparatus of FIG. 1 at B under a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the fatigue test apparatus of FIG. 1 at C under a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere according to the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate:
1. a fatigue test kettle; 2. a test kettle upper cover; 3. a bottom cover of the test kettle; 4. a hexagonal screw; 5. a first upper connecting shaft; 6. pressing a mother; 7. tabletting; 8. a first O-ring; 9. a pressure sensor; 10. decompression load; 11. a pressure gauge; 12. an audible and visual alarm; 13. a connecting pipe; 14. a regulating valve; 15. an exhaust pipe; 16. an exhaust valve; 17. an exhaust fan; 18. an air inlet pipe; 19. an intake valve; 20. a gasket; 21. a second O-ring; 22. a first lower connecting shaft; 23. a hexagonal nut; 24. a second lower connecting shaft; 25. a second upper connecting shaft; 26. a clamp is arranged; 27. an upper bolt; 28. a lower plug pin; 29. a test piece; 30. a lower clamp; 31. a lead terminal; 32. a constant current source; 33. a detector; 34. a handle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and that all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the positional or positional relationship indicated by the terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", etc. are based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "configured to," "engaged with," "connected to," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Examples:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, a fatigue test apparatus under a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere includes:
a fatigue test kettle 1;
the upper cover 2 of the test kettle, the upper cover 2 of the test kettle is detachably arranged at the top of the fatigue test kettle 1 through a plurality of uniformly distributed hexagon screws 4, so as to seal the fatigue test kettle 1, which is the common knowledge of the person skilled in the art, and therefore, the description is not repeated;
the test kettle bottom cover 3 is detachably arranged at the bottom of the fatigue test kettle 1 through a plurality of uniformly distributed hexagon screws 4, so as to seal the fatigue test kettle 1, a static sealing mechanism is arranged at the joint of the test kettle bottom cover 3 and the fatigue test kettle 1, the static sealing mechanism comprises a gasket 20 and second O-shaped rings 21, two second O-shaped rings 21 are arranged, the two second O-shaped rings 21 are bilaterally symmetrical, the gasket 20 and the second O-shaped rings 21 are arranged at the joint of the test kettle bottom cover 3 and the test kettle upper cover 2, handles 34 are fixedly connected to the lateral ends of the test kettle upper cover 2 and the test kettle bottom cover 3, friction rubber is wrapped on the handles 34, uneven anti-skid lines are formed on the surface of the friction rubber, which is the common knowledge of a person skilled in the art, and therefore the situation is not repeated;
the first upper connecting shaft 5 penetrates through the upper test kettle cover 2 and extends into the fatigue test kettle 1, a dynamic sealing mechanism is arranged at the penetrating position of the first upper connecting shaft 5 and the upper test kettle cover 2, the dynamic sealing mechanism comprises a pressing nut 6, a pressing sheet 7 and a first O-shaped ring 8, the pressing nut 6 is sleeved on the surface of the first upper connecting shaft 5, the pressing nut 6 is in interference fit with the upper test kettle cover 2, a pressing sheet 7 is filled at the joint of the upper test kettle cover 2 and the first upper connecting shaft 5, the pressing sheet 7 is in interference fit with the upper test kettle cover 2, a plurality of first O-shaped rings 8 are arranged at the penetrating position of the first upper connecting shaft 5 and the upper test kettle cover 2, the first upper connecting shaft 5 and the upper test kettle cover 2 are sealed through the first O-shaped rings 8 at first, good sealing performance is achieved, the pressing sheet 7 is screwed into the joint of the upper test kettle cover 2 through the first O-shaped rings, the pressing sheet 7 is further designed to realize the anti-fatigue test, and the good sealing effect is achieved through the alternate pressing and the sealing performance is achieved at the same time;
the second upper connecting shaft 25, the second upper connecting shaft 25 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first upper connecting shaft 5;
the first lower connecting shaft 22 penetrates through the test kettle bottom cover 3 and extends into the fatigue test kettle 1, and the penetrating part of the first lower connecting shaft 22 and the test kettle bottom cover 3 is in interference fit;
the second lower connecting shaft 24, the second lower connecting shaft 24 is connected with the first lower connecting shaft 22 through a hexagonal nut 23 in a threaded manner;
the upper clamp 26 is clamped with the second upper connecting shaft 25 by the upper clamp 26;
the lower clamp 30, the lower clamp 30 is clamped with the first lower connecting shaft 22;
the test piece 29, the test piece 29 has the crack mouth of the horizontal direction, connect through the bolt junction piece between upper clamp 26 and lower clamp 30, the concrete bolt junction piece includes upper bolt 27 and lower bolt 28, connect through upper bolt 27 between upper clamp 26 and upper bolt 27, connect through lower bolt 28 between lower clamp 30 and upper bolt 27, the above-mentioned connection is simple and fast, easy to detach at the same time;
the crack length measuring mechanism comprises lead terminals 31 and constant current sources 32, wherein the lead terminals 31 are two, one ends of the two lead terminals 31 are respectively and fixedly arranged at the end part of an upper bolt 27 through wires, the two wires are mutually perpendicular to crack nozzles in the horizontal direction, the other ends of the two constant current sources 32 extend out of the fatigue test kettle 1 and are connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the constant current sources 32, the positive pole and the negative pole of the constant current sources 32 are respectively connected to the two lead terminals 31, current is detected through a detector 33, and the relation between crack expansion rate and stress intensity factor amplitude is obtained by detecting fast and high efficiency, so that threshold stress intensity factors are obtained for fatigue risk assessment;
the recording mechanism comprises a detector 33, the detector 33 is electrically connected with the constant current source 32, and matched computer software counting and current change in a storage loop are arranged in the detector 33 so as to reflect resistance change and further reflect crack expansion degree;
the hydrogen mechanism supply mechanism is connected with the upper cover 2 of the test kettle and is communicated with the fatigue test kettle 1 to provide a high-pressure hydrogen environment, the hydrogen mechanism supply mechanism comprises a connecting pipe 13, a regulating valve 14, an exhaust pipe 15, an exhaust valve 16, an exhaust fan 17, an air inlet pipe 18 and an air inlet valve 19, the regulating valve 14 is fixedly arranged at the left end of the upper cover 2 of the test kettle, the connecting pipe 13 penetrates the upper cover 2 of the test kettle from outside to inside and extends into the fatigue test kettle 1, the regulating valve 14 is arranged at the outer end part of the connecting pipe 13, the exhaust pipe 15 is arranged at one side of the connecting pipe 13, the air inlet pipe 18 is arranged at the other side of the regulating valve 14, the exhaust valve 16 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 15, the air inlet valve 19 is arranged on the air inlet pipe 18, the exhaust fan 17 is arranged at the end part of the exhaust pipe 15, before hydrogen is introduced, nitrogen is firstly introduced to exhaust air, the air inlet valve 19 is opened, the regulating valve 14 is regulated, the nitrogen is introduced, the nitrogen enters the fatigue test kettle 1 through the air inlet pipe 18 and the connecting pipe 13, after the pressure gauge 11 reaches the test pressure, the air inlet valve 19 is closed, the exhaust valve 16 is opened, the regulating valve 14 is regulated, the exhaust fan 17 is started, the nitrogen is pumped out through the connecting pipe 13 and the exhaust pipe 15, when the pressure gauge 11 is reduced to normal pressure, the exhaust valve 16 is closed, the process is repeated for a plurality of times to exhaust air, then the hydrogen is replaced, the step S3 is repeated, and finally the air inlet valve 19 and the exhaust valve 16 are filled with a proper amount of hydrogen in the fatigue test kettle 1;
the pressure measuring mechanism comprises a pressure sensor 9, a pressure relief load 10 and a pressure gauge 11, wherein the detection end of the pressure sensor 9 penetrates through the upper cover 2 of the test kettle and extends into the fatigue test kettle 1, the pressure gauge 11 is electrically connected with the pressure sensor 9 through a wire, the pressure relief load 10 is fixedly arranged at the top of the upper cover 2 of the test kettle, and the pressure sensor 9 is used for detecting the air pressure in the fatigue test kettle 1, so that the air pressure is displayed on the pressure gauge 11;
in order to realize the alarm function after detection, the invention also comprises an audible and visual alarm 12 fixedly arranged at the top of the upper cover 2 of the test kettle, wherein the audible and visual alarm 12 is electrically connected with the detector 33, and when the detection result of the device is poor, the audible and visual alarm 12 can give an alarm.
The fatigue test method under the high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, welding two wires on the side surface of a test piece 29 perpendicular to a crack nozzle in the horizontal direction, and fixing the two wires by using two-liquid mixed hardening glue;
s2, connecting the test piece 29 with an upper clamp 26 and a lower clamp 30 through an upper bolt 27 and a lower bolt 28 respectively;
s3, connecting two wires at one ends of two lead terminals 31 respectively, covering an upper cover 2 and a bottom cover 3 of the test kettle, sealing a first upper connecting shaft 5 and the bottom cover 3 of the test kettle by using a first O-shaped ring 8, putting a pressing sheet 7 into the pressing sheet, screwing a pressing nut 6, and detachably fastening the upper cover 2 of the test kettle, the bottom cover 3 of the test kettle and the fatigue test kettle 1 by using a hexagonal screw 4;
s3, pressurizing the fatigue test kettle 1, fixing the audible and visual alarm 12 at the top of the upper cover 2 of the test kettle, opening the air inlet valve 19, adjusting the regulating valve 14, introducing nitrogen gas into the fatigue test kettle 1 through the air inlet pipe 18 and the connecting pipe 13, closing the air inlet valve 19 after the pressure gauge 11 reaches the test pressure, opening the air outlet valve 16, adjusting the regulating valve 14, starting the exhaust fan 17, pumping out the nitrogen gas through the connecting pipe 13 and the exhaust pipe 15, closing the air outlet valve 16 when the pressure gauge 11 falls to normal pressure, and repeating the process for a plurality of times to exhaust air;
s4, replacing hydrogen, and repeating the step S3, wherein the fatigue test kettle 1 is filled with a proper amount of hydrogen by finally using the air inlet valve 19 and the air outlet valve 16;
s4, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the constant current source 32 are connected to the two lead terminals 31, respectively, and the current is detected by the detector 33, and the detection result is recorded by the detector 33.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical solution and the modified concept thereof, within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. Fatigue test device under high pressure hydrogen atmosphere, its characterized in that includes:
a fatigue test kettle (1);
the upper cover (2) of the test kettle is detachably arranged at the top of the fatigue test kettle (1) and is used for sealing the fatigue test kettle (1);
the test kettle bottom cover (3) is detachably arranged at the bottom of the fatigue test kettle (1) and used for sealing the fatigue test kettle (1), and a static sealing mechanism is arranged at the joint of the test kettle bottom cover (3) and the fatigue test kettle (1);
the first upper connecting shaft (5), the first upper connecting shaft (5) penetrates through the upper cover (2) of the test kettle and extends into the fatigue test kettle (1), and a dynamic sealing mechanism is arranged at the penetrating position of the first upper connecting shaft (5) and the upper cover (2) of the test kettle;
the second upper connecting shaft (25), the second upper connecting shaft (25) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first upper connecting shaft (5);
the first lower connecting shaft (22) penetrates through the test kettle bottom cover (3) and extends into the fatigue test kettle (1), and the penetrating part of the first lower connecting shaft (22) and the test kettle bottom cover (3) is in interference fit;
the second lower connecting shaft (24), the second lower connecting shaft (24) is connected with the first lower connecting shaft (22) through a hexagonal nut (23) in a threaded manner;
the upper clamp (26) is clamped with the second upper connecting shaft (25);
the lower clamp (30) is clamped with the first lower connecting shaft (22);
the test piece (29) is provided with a crack nozzle in the horizontal direction, and the test piece (29) is connected with the upper clamp (26) and the lower clamp (30) through a bolt connecting piece;
the crack length measuring mechanism comprises two lead terminals (31) and constant current sources (32), wherein one ends of the two lead terminals (31) are fixedly arranged at the end part of an upper bolt (27) through wires respectively, the two wires are mutually perpendicular to a crack nozzle in the horizontal direction, and the other ends of the two lead terminals (31) extend out of the fatigue test kettle (1) respectively and are connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the constant current sources (32);
the recording mechanism comprises a detector (33), the detector (33) is electrically connected with the constant current source (32), and matched computer software counting and current change in a storage loop are arranged in the detector (33) so as to reflect resistance change and further reflect crack expansion degree;
the hydrogen mechanism supply mechanism is connected with the upper cover (2) of the test kettle and is communicated with the fatigue test kettle (1) to provide a high-pressure hydrogen environment; and
the pressure measuring mechanism is connected with the upper cover (2) of the test kettle and is connected with the fatigue test kettle (1) and used for measuring the air pressure in the fatigue test kettle (1);
the hydrogen supply mechanism comprises a connecting pipe (13), a regulating valve (14), an exhaust pipe (15), an exhaust valve (16), an exhaust fan (17), an air inlet pipe (18) and an air inlet valve (19), wherein the regulating valve (14) is fixedly arranged at the left end of an upper cover (2) of the test kettle, the connecting pipe (13) penetrates through the upper cover (2) of the test kettle from outside to inside and extends into the fatigue test kettle (1), the regulating valve (14) is arranged at the outer end part of the connecting pipe (13), the exhaust pipe (15) is arranged at one side of the connecting pipe (13), the air inlet pipe (18) is arranged at the other side of the regulating valve (14), the exhaust valve (16) is arranged on the exhaust pipe (15), the air inlet valve (19) is arranged on the air inlet pipe (18), and the exhaust fan (17) is arranged at the end part of the exhaust pipe (15).
The pressure measuring mechanism comprises a pressure sensor (9), a pressure relief load (10) and a pressure gauge (11), wherein the detection end of the pressure sensor (9) penetrates through the upper cover (2) of the test kettle and extends into the fatigue test kettle (1), the pressure gauge (11) is electrically connected with the pressure sensor (9) through a wire, and the pressure relief load (10) is fixedly arranged at the top of the upper cover (2) of the test kettle;
the dynamic sealing mechanism comprises a pressing nut (6), a pressing sheet (7) and a first O-shaped ring (8), wherein the pressing nut (6) is sleeved on the surface of the first upper connecting shaft (5), the pressing nut (6) is in interference fit with the upper test kettle cover (2), the pressing sheet (7) is filled at the joint of the upper test kettle cover (2) and the first upper connecting shaft (5), the pressing sheet (7) is in interference fit with the upper test kettle cover (2), a plurality of first O-shaped rings (8) are arranged at the penetrating positions of the first upper connecting shaft (5) and the upper test kettle cover (2);
the static sealing mechanism comprises gaskets (20) and second O-shaped rings (21), two second O-shaped rings (21) are arranged, the two second O-shaped rings (21) are bilaterally symmetrical, and the gaskets (20) and the second O-shaped rings (21) are both arranged at the joint of the bottom cover (3) of the test kettle and the upper cover (2) of the test kettle;
the test kettle upper cover (2) is detachably connected with the fatigue test kettle (1) through a plurality of uniformly distributed hexagon screws (4), and the test kettle bottom cover (3) is detachably connected with the fatigue test kettle (1) through a plurality of uniformly distributed hexagon screws (4) as well;
handles (34) are fixedly connected to lateral ends of the upper cover (2) and the bottom cover (3) of the test kettle, friction rubber is wrapped on the handles (34), and uneven anti-slip lines are formed in the surface of the friction rubber;
the bolt connecting piece comprises an upper bolt (27) and a lower bolt (28), wherein the upper clamp (26) is connected with the upper bolt (27) through the upper bolt (27), and the lower clamp (30) is connected with the upper bolt (27) through the lower bolt (28);
the fatigue test method under the high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, welding two wires on the side surface of a test piece (29) perpendicular to a crack nozzle in the horizontal direction, and fixing the two wires by using two-liquid mixed hardening glue;
s2, connecting a test piece (29) with an upper clamp (26) and a lower clamp (30) through an upper bolt (27) and a lower bolt (28) respectively;
s3, connecting two wires at one end of two lead terminals (31) respectively, covering an upper cover (2) of the test kettle and a bottom cover (3) of the test kettle, sealing a first upper connecting shaft (5) with the bottom cover (3) of the test kettle by using a first O-shaped ring (8), putting a pressing sheet (7), screwing in a pressing nut (6), and detachably fastening the upper cover (2) of the test kettle, the bottom cover (3) of the test kettle and the fatigue test kettle (1) by using hexagonal screws (4);
s3, pressurizing the fatigue test kettle (1), fixing an audible and visual alarm (12) at the top of the upper cover (2) of the test kettle, opening an air inlet valve (19), adjusting a regulating valve (14), introducing nitrogen into the fatigue test kettle (1) through an air inlet pipe (18) and a connecting pipe (13), closing the air inlet valve (19) after the pressure gauge (11) reaches test pressure, opening an exhaust valve (16), adjusting the regulating valve (14), starting an exhaust fan (17) to enable the nitrogen to be pumped out through the connecting pipe (13) and the exhaust pipe (15), closing the exhaust valve (16) when the pressure gauge (11) is lowered to normal pressure, and repeating the process for a plurality of times to exhaust air;
s4, replacing hydrogen, and repeating the step S3, wherein a final air inlet valve (19) and an air outlet valve (16) enable a proper amount of hydrogen to be filled in the fatigue test kettle (1);
s4, connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the constant current source (32) to the two lead terminals (31) respectively, detecting the current through the detector (33), and recording the detection result by the detector (33);
the test kettle further comprises an audible and visual alarm (12) fixedly arranged at the top of the test kettle upper cover (2), and the audible and visual alarm (12) is electrically connected with the detector (33).
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