CN112540012B - Annular pure shear loading method and device for pipe - Google Patents
Annular pure shear loading method and device for pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN112540012B CN112540012B CN202011409503.6A CN202011409503A CN112540012B CN 112540012 B CN112540012 B CN 112540012B CN 202011409503 A CN202011409503 A CN 202011409503A CN 112540012 B CN112540012 B CN 112540012B
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/22—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady torsional forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0021—Torsional
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0274—Tubular or ring-shaped specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
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Abstract
The application provides a pure circumferential shear loading method and device for a pipe, and relates to the technical field of pipe mechanical property testing, wherein the scheme comprises the steps of machining a notch on the pipe to be detected in advance, reserving a connecting part, and arranging a mandrel to prevent the side wall of the pipe from deforming inwards in the twisting process; then, respectively applying opposite torsion forces along the circumferential direction of the pipe to the first edge and the second edge through a torsion device, so that the upper pipe is twisted relative to the lower pipe, and the torsion device is also provided with a plurality of deformation-resistant surfaces, wherein each deformation-resistant surface is respectively propped against the rest edges except the first edge and the second edge of the first notch and the second notch so as to prevent the rest edges from deforming when the upper pipe and the lower pipe do torsion action; therefore, the annular pure shear loading method and device for the pipe can enable the pipe to be detected to be always in a stable annular pure shear loading state in the torsional deformation process when the pipe to be detected is subjected to torsional shearing.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of pipe mechanical property testing, in particular to a method and a device for purely shearing and loading a pipe in a circumferential direction.
Background
The pipe has wide application in national economy production, the cross section shape is round, square and special-shaped, and the most common pipe is a round cross section pipe. In addition to being directly used as a bearing member, a tubular part after plastic processing is often used as a structural member, typical forming methods comprise high-pressure forming in a pipe, bending forming of the pipe and the like, and representative parts comprise chassis structural members of automobile bodies, bending axis pipelines in various airplanes and automobiles and the like.
In order to avoid the failure phenomena of wrinkling, cracking and the like of the pipe in the plastic forming process, the mechanical properties of the used pipe need to be known, the forming process parameters are reasonably designed and optimized by means of the numerical simulation result of a computer, meanwhile, the development flow of parts is effectively shortened, the research and development cost of the parts is reduced, and therefore, the accurate experimental mechanical property data of the pipe is an urgent problem in practical engineering application.
The pipe can be formed by adopting various methods such as drawing, rolling, extruding and the like, and has the difference of performances in all directions, and the deformation characteristics of the pipe in the axial direction and the circumferential direction are different, so that the deformation characteristics of the pipe in the axial direction and the circumferential direction are tested respectively.
The tensile deformation and the shear deformation are main modes of material deformation, and for anisotropic materials, the stress-strain characteristics of the tensile deformation and the shear deformation are also different, so that in order to improve the accuracy of numerical simulation, the stress-strain characteristics of the tensile deformation and the shear deformation must be obtained simultaneously. The common test method for the pipe performance comprises pipe axial stretching and pipe circumferential stretching, and the two methods can obtain stress-strain characteristics of the pipe axial and circumferential under the action of tensile stress, which are both test methods for the performance of the material under the action of tensile stress. To obtain shear deformation characteristics, it is necessary to be able to achieve pure shear deformation characteristics in the axial and circumferential directions of the pipe, and if the deformation is not pure shear deformation, the obtained stress-strain characteristics cannot be used for constitutive relations in numerical simulation. However, only pure shear loading along the axial direction of the pipe can be realized at present, and the detailed scheme is as described in the patent of the application, namely a pure shear loading device and method for the pipe (patent number: 201811486419.7), which discloses a pure shear loading device and method along the axial direction of the pipe, and the pure shear loading along the axial direction is realized in the connecting area of two half pipes through a specially designed half pipe pattern and two semicircular stepped mandrels.
To date, there is no method to stably achieve pure shear loading along the circumferential direction of a pipe during large plastic deformation. In theory, the pipe torsion test can be used for obtaining the shearing test characteristic of the pipe, but because the thin-wall pipe can only keep pure shearing loading in an initial state when in torsion loading, the force doped in other directions can be destabilized during subsequent deformation, the pure shearing state can not be kept all the time during large plastic deformation, and the obtained deformation characteristic (stress-strain characteristic) can not be used for numerical simulation in constitutive relation.
Therefore, there is no effective pure shear loading device and method for circumferential pure shear loading of pipes, which is a very serious concern and urgent problem in both academia and engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a tubular product annular pure shear loading method and device, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and enabling a tubular product to be detected to be always in a stable annular pure shear loading state in the torsional deformation process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following solutions:
the application provides a pure circumferential shear loading method for a pipe, which comprises the following steps:
step one: dividing a pipe to be detected into an upper pipe and a lower pipe along the axial direction through a circumferential boundary line positioned on the side wall of the pipe to be detected, wherein the plane of the circumferential boundary line is perpendicular to the axis of the pipe, a first notch extending towards the upper pipe is formed in the side wall of the pipe to be detected from the circumferential boundary line, a second notch extending towards the lower pipe is formed in the side wall of the pipe to be detected from the circumferential boundary line, and the upper pipe and the lower pipe are in a state of being connected only through a connecting part;
step two: inserting a mandrel into a pipe to be detected, wherein the outer side wall of the mandrel abuts against the inner side wall of the pipe to be detected;
step three: one edge of the first notch is positioned at one side of the connecting part along the circumferential dividing line and is a first edge; one edge of the second notch is positioned at the other side of the connecting part along the circumferential dividing line and is a second edge; the length directions of the first edge and the second edge are respectively parallel to the axial direction of the pipe, and the pipe to be detected is twisted around the axial line of the pipe to be detected by a twisting device; the shearing surface on the torsion device can be propped against the first edge and the second edge and can respectively apply opposite torsion forces to the first edge and the second edge along the circumferential direction of the pipe; the torsion device is provided with a plurality of anti-deformation surfaces, and each anti-deformation surface is respectively propped against the rest edges except the first edge and the second edge of the first notch and the second notch.
The application also provides a device for realizing the annular pure shear loading method of the pipe, which comprises the following steps: the mandrel is used for being inserted into the pipe to be detected along the axial direction of the pipe, and shearing surfaces in the twisting device can be propped against the first edge and the second edge and can apply opposite twisting force to the first edge and the second edge respectively along the circumferential direction of the pipe; the torsion device is also provided with a plurality of anti-deformation surfaces, and each anti-deformation surface is respectively used for propping against the rest edges of the first notch and the second notch except the first edge and the second edge.
Preferably, the first edge and the second edge are all cut surfaces, the plane where the first edge is located passes through the axis of the pipe to be detected, the plane where the second edge is located also passes through the axis of the pipe to be detected, the torsion device comprises an upper shearing plate and a lower shearing plate, the upper shearing plate is used for being inserted into the first notch, the lower shearing plate is used for being inserted into the second notch, an upper shearing surface parallel to the first edge is arranged on the upper shearing plate, a lower shearing surface parallel to the second edge is arranged on the lower shearing plate, the upper shearing surface abuts against the first edge, the lower shearing surface abuts against the second edge, and a plurality of deformation-resistant surfaces are arranged on the upper shearing plate and the lower shearing plate; the lower shear plate is fixed along the circumferential direction of the pipe, and the upper shear plate can rotate along the central axis of the pipe; the upper shearing surface is always parallel to the plane of the first edge during the rotation of the upper shearing plate.
Preferably, the upper pipe is provided with two opposite first notches, the lower pipe is provided with two opposite second notches, and the upper pipe and the lower pipe are connected through two connecting parts; the upper shearing plate is used for penetrating through the two first gaps of the upper pipe, the lower shearing plate is used for penetrating through the two second gaps of the lower pipe, and the upper shearing plate rotates and cooperates with the lower shearing plate to simultaneously shear the two connecting parts.
Preferably, the lower shear plate further comprises a base, and the lower shear plate is fixed on the base in a circumferential direction.
Preferably, the mandrel comprises an upper mandrel and a lower mandrel, the upper mandrel is used for being inserted into the upper pipe, the lower mandrel is used for being inserted into the lower pipe, the upper mandrel and the lower mandrel are coaxial and stacked on the lower mandrel, the upper shearing plate can penetrate through the upper mandrel and drive the upper mandrel to synchronously twist with the upper pipe, and the lower shearing plate can penetrate through the lower mandrel and fix the lower mandrel along the circumferential direction of the pipe.
Preferably, the pipe cutting device further comprises a rotating shaft, a polygonal hole is formed in the middle of the upper cutting plate along the axial direction of the pipe, the central line of the polygonal hole is collinear with the axis of the pipe, the rotating shaft is a polygonal shaft, one end of the rotating shaft can penetrate through the upper core shaft and is inserted into the polygonal hole, the other end of the rotating shaft extends out of the upper pipe to form a force application part, and the force application part is in transmission connection with a driving device.
Preferably, the upper shearing plate comprises a first upper shearing plate and a second upper shearing plate, the first upper shearing plate and the second upper shearing plate are parallel and are stacked up and down, one end of the first upper shearing plate extends out of two sides of the portion of the first notch, one end of the second upper shearing plate extends out of the other side of the portion of the first notch, and one upper shearing surface is also arranged on two sides of the portion of the second upper shearing plate.
Preferably, the first upper shear plate and the second upper shear plate are connected through bolts and are precisely positioned through pins.
Preferably, the lower shear plate comprises a first lower shear plate and a second lower shear plate, the first lower shear plate and the second lower shear plate are parallel and stacked up and down, one end of the first lower shear plate extends out of two sides of the second notch, one end of the second lower shear plate extends out of the other one of two sides of the second notch, and one lower shear surface is also arranged.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following technical effects:
the application provides a tubular product annular pure shear loading method and device, wherein the scheme comprises the steps of processing a tubular product to be detected into a notch in advance, reserving a connecting part, inserting a mandrel into the tubular product to be detected, and propping the outer wall of the mandrel against the inner wall of the tubular product to be detected so as to prevent the side wall of the tubular product from twisting and deforming inwards in the twisting process; then, respectively applying opposite torsion forces along the circumferential direction of the pipe to the first edge and the second edge through a torsion device, so that the upper pipe is twisted relative to the lower pipe, and the torsion device is also provided with a plurality of deformation-resistant surfaces, wherein each deformation-resistant surface is respectively propped against the rest edges except the first edge and the second edge of the first notch and the second notch so as to prevent the rest edges from deforming when the upper pipe and the lower pipe do torsion action; therefore, the annular pure shear loading method and device for the pipe can enable the pipe to be detected to be always in a stable annular pure shear loading state in the torsional deformation process when the pipe to be detected is subjected to torsional shearing.
The torque for twisting the pipe pattern can be provided by a combination of a servo motor and a speed reducer, the strain of a shearing area can be measured by an advanced visual acquisition system (DIC), and by adopting the method, a shearing stress-shearing strain curve of the pipe circumferential pure shearing loading can be obtained, and the method can be used for a constitutive equation of pipe plastic forming.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a pipe to be detected when the pipe is set on the pure shearing loading device in the circumferential direction of the pipe provided in the second embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pipe to be detected after a notch is machined;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the upper and lower shear plates of the second embodiment inserted into a pipe to be inspected;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of an upper shear plate in the second embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the first lower shear plate, the second lower shear plate, the first upper shear plate or the second upper shear plate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an upper mandrel;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the shaft and the shaft in cooperation;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of FIG. 7;
in the figure: the device comprises a 1-upper core shaft, a 2-first upper shear plate, a 3-second upper shear plate, a 4-first lower shear plate, a 5-second lower shear plate, a 6-rotating shaft, a 7-fixed shaft, an 8-round limit column, a 9-pipe to be detected, a 10-lower core shaft, an 11-upper pipe, a 12-lower pipe, a 13-first notch, a 14-second notch, a 15-bolt, a 16-pin, a 17-shear plane and an 18-round limit groove.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The application aims to provide a pure circumferential shearing loading method and device for a pipe, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and preventing the pipe from deforming when the pipe to be detected is subjected to annular shearing.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a pure circumferential shear loading method for a pipe, as shown in fig. 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
step one: dividing the pipe 9 to be detected into an upper pipe 11 and a lower pipe 12 along the axial direction through a circumferential boundary line positioned on the side wall of the pipe 9 to be detected, wherein the plane of the circumferential boundary line is perpendicular to the axis of the pipe, a first notch 13 extending towards the upper pipe 11 is formed on the side wall of the pipe 9 to be detected from the circumferential boundary line, a second notch 14 extending towards the lower pipe 12 is formed on the side wall of the pipe 9 to be detected from the circumferential boundary line, and the upper pipe 11 and the lower pipe 12 are in a state of being connected only through connecting parts, such as the pipe pattern shown in fig. 2, and the number of the connecting parts can be one or more;
step two: inserting a mandrel into the pipe 9 to be detected, and enabling the outer side wall of the mandrel to be abutted against the inner side wall of the pipe 9 to be detected, so as to prevent the pipe 9 to be detected from being twisted in the side wall of the pipe 9 to be detected when the pipe 9 to be detected is twisted, wherein a proper gap can exist between the outer side wall of the mandrel and the inner side wall of the pipe 9 to be detected, so that the mandrel can be conveniently inserted into the pipe 9 to be detected or the pipe 9 to be detected is sleeved on the mandrel;
step three: one edge of the first notch 13 is positioned at one side of the connecting part along the circumferential dividing line and is a first edge; one edge of the second notch 14 is positioned at the other side of the connecting part along the circumferential dividing line and is a second edge; the length directions of the first edge and the second edge are respectively parallel to the axial direction of the pipe, and the pipe 9 to be detected is twisted around the axial line of the pipe 9 to be detected by a twisting device; the shearing surface 17 on the torsion device can be propped against the first edge and the second edge and can respectively apply opposite torsion forces to the first edge and the second edge along the circumferential direction of the pipe; the torsion device is provided with a plurality of deformation-resistant surfaces, and each deformation-resistant surface is respectively propped against the rest edges except the first edge and the second edge of the first notch 13 and the second notch 14;
the scheme in the first embodiment can prevent the edges of the first notch 13 and the second notch 14 from deforming when the upper pipe 11 is twisted, so as to achieve the effect that the pipe 9 to be detected is always in a stable annular pure shear loading state in the torsional deformation process, and the method is suitable for pure shear loading experiments of thin-wall pipes.
Example two
The present embodiment provides an apparatus for implementing the method for pure shearing loading of a pipe in circumferential direction as shown in fig. 1 to 8, including: the mandrel is used for being inserted into the pipe 9 to be detected along the axial direction of the pipe, and a shearing surface 17 in the twisting device can be propped against the first edge and the second edge and can respectively apply opposite twisting force to the first edge and the second edge along the circumferential direction of the pipe; the torsion device is further provided with a plurality of deformation-resistant surfaces, each deformation-resistant surface is respectively used for being abutted against the rest edges except the first edge and the second edge of the first notch 13 and the second notch 14, and each deformation-resistant surface is respectively used for resisting deformation of each edge, so that the device provided by the embodiment can be used for realizing the method in the first embodiment.
Further, the first edge and the second edge are both a plane, the plane where the first edge is located passes through the axis of the pipe 9 to be detected, the plane where the second edge is located also passes through the axis of the pipe 9 to be detected, the torsion device comprises an upper shearing plate and a lower shearing plate, the upper shearing plate is used for being inserted into the first notch 13, the lower shearing plate is used for being inserted into the second notch 14, an upper shearing surface parallel to the first edge is arranged on the upper shearing plate, a lower shearing surface parallel to the second edge is arranged on the lower shearing plate, the upper shearing surface abuts against the first edge, the lower shearing surface abuts against the second edge, and a plurality of deformation-resistant surfaces are arranged on the upper shearing plate and the lower shearing plate; the lower shear plate is fixed along the circumferential direction of the pipe, namely the lower shear plate cannot rotate, and the upper shear plate can rotate along the central axis of the pipe; the upper shearing surface is always parallel to the plane of the first edge in the rotating process of the upper shearing plate, so that the effect of applying annular pure shearing to the pipe can be achieved by rotating the upper shearing plate around the central axis of the pipe.
Further, the cross section of the upper shearing plate passing through the first notch 13 is matched with the first notch 13, the cross section of the lower shearing plate passing through the second notch 14 is matched with the second notch 14, and the pipe deformation resistance of the upper shearing plate and the lower shearing plate is enhanced.
Further, two opposite first notches 13 are formed in the upper pipe 11, two opposite second notches 14 are formed in the lower pipe 12, and the upper pipe 11 and the lower pipe 12 are connected through two connecting parts; the upper shear plate is used for passing through two first notches 13 of the upper pipe 11, the lower shear plate is used for passing through two second notches 14 of the lower pipe 12, and the upper shear plate rotates and cooperates with the lower shear plate to simultaneously shear two connecting parts.
Further, the mandrel comprises an upper mandrel 1 and a lower mandrel 10, the upper mandrel 1 is used for being inserted into an upper pipe 11, the lower mandrel 10 is used for being inserted into a lower pipe 12, the upper mandrel 1 and the lower mandrel 10 are coaxial and are stacked on the lower mandrel 10, an upper shearing plate can penetrate through the upper mandrel 1 and drive the upper mandrel 1 to synchronously twist with the upper pipe 11, a lower shearing plate can penetrate through the lower mandrel 10 and fix the lower mandrel 10 along the circumferential direction of the pipe, the upper mandrel 1 and the lower mandrel 10 have the same structure, and as shown in fig. 6, both the upper mandrel 1 and the lower mandrel 10 are provided with holes along the axial direction and radial notches so as to realize the scheme provided by the application.
Further, the device further comprises a rotating shaft 6, a polygonal hole along the axial direction of the pipe is formed in the middle of the upper shearing plate, the center line of the polygonal hole is collinear with the axis of the pipe, the rotating shaft 6 is a polygonal shaft, one end of the rotating shaft 6 can penetrate through the upper mandrel 1 and is inserted into the polygonal hole, the other end of the rotating shaft 6 extends out of the upper pipe 11 to form a force application part, the force application part is in transmission connection with a driving device, the driving device can be a torsion testing machine or other special testing machines, and the torsion testing machine can also be connected through a wrench, so that the torsion wrench can play a role of rotating the upper shearing plate.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, go up the shear plate and include first shear plate 2 and second and go up shear plate 3, first shear plate 2 and second go up shear plate 3 parallel and stack the setting from top to bottom, the one end of first shear plate 2 stretches out in the both sides of the part of first breach 13 all is provided with one and goes up the shear plane, for the main aspects of first shear plate 2, the other end is the tip of first shear plate 2 on, the both sides of the main aspects of first shear plate 2 are provided with two vertical first plate bodies, be provided with the shear plane on the first plate body, the one end of second shear plate 3 stretches out in the both sides of the part of another first breach 13 also all to be provided with one and goes up the shear plane, be the main aspects of second upper shear plate 3, the other end is the tip of second upper shear plate 3, the both sides of the main aspects of first upper shear plate 2 are provided with two vertical second plate bodies, be provided with on the second plate body, the tip of second upper shear plate 3 can insert between two first shear plate bodies, the second shear plate 3 can insert the structure is better in order to install the second shear plate 2, the structure is more compact in order to install the second shear plate and the second shear plate is more than the second shear plate is convenient for the second has, the structure is more convenient for install the second shear plate is more than the second shear plate 5.
Further, the device also comprises a base and a fixed shaft 7, wherein the fixed shaft 7 is preferably a square shaft, square holes are formed in the lower shear plate and the base, two ends of the fixed shaft 7 can be inserted into the square holes of the lower shear plate and the square holes of the base respectively, the lower shear plate is annularly fixed on the base through the fixed shaft 7 in a preferred mode, the lower shear plate in the device can be fixed on the base in other modes, and the base is fixedly arranged, so that the lower shear plate can not rotate, and the fixed shaft 7 and the base act together to play a role of fixing the lower shear plate; in addition, the fixed shaft 7 has no connection relationship with the lower shear plate and the base, and is only in an inserting relationship so as to be convenient for assembly and disassembly; specifically, the base, the lower core shaft 10 and the upper core shaft 1 are sequentially stacked on a flat test bed from bottom to top, and after the device is installed: the square holes on the base, the through holes in the upper mandrel 1, the through holes in the lower mandrel 10, the polygonal holes on the upper shearing plate and the square holes on the lower shearing plate are coaxial, and the base can be an independent base or can be an existing base on a torsion testing machine.
Further, the rotating shaft is coaxial with the fixed shaft, in order to prevent the axis of the rotating shaft from shifting with the axis of the fixed shaft in the rotating process of the rotating shaft, therefore, a circular limit groove 18 is formed on an end surface of the rotating shaft extending into the upper mandrel, a circular limit post 8 matched with the circular limit groove 18 is arranged on an end surface of the fixed shaft contacting with the rotating shaft, and the circular limit post 8 can be inserted into the circular limit groove 18 to prevent the axis of the rotating shaft from shifting in the rotating process.
Further, the first upper shear plate 2 and the second upper shear plate 3 are connected by bolts 15, and are precisely positioned by pins, and the arrangement of the pins 16 and the bolts 15 is shown in fig. 4.
Further, the lower shear plates comprise a first lower shear plate 4 and a second lower shear plate 5, the first lower shear plate 4 and the second lower shear plate 5 are arranged in parallel and stacked up and down, one lower shear surface is arranged on two sides of a part of one end of the first lower shear plate 4 extending out of the second notch 14, and one lower shear surface is also arranged on two sides of a part of one end of the second lower shear plate 5 extending out of the other second notch 14; the first lower shear plate 4, the second lower shear plate 5, the first upper shear plate 2 and the second upper shear plate 3 are identical in structure, high in universality and convenient for mass production and processing.
The principles and embodiments of the present application have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present application; also, it is within the scope of the present application to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the application.
Claims (10)
1. A circular pure shear loading method for a pipe is characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
step one: dividing a pipe to be detected into an upper pipe and a lower pipe along the axial direction through a circumferential boundary line positioned on the side wall of the pipe to be detected, wherein the plane of the circumferential boundary line is perpendicular to the axis of the pipe, a first notch extending towards the upper pipe is formed in the side wall of the pipe to be detected from the circumferential boundary line, a second notch extending towards the lower pipe is formed in the side wall of the pipe to be detected from the circumferential boundary line, and the upper pipe and the lower pipe are in a state of being connected only through a connecting part;
step two: inserting a mandrel into a pipe to be detected, wherein the outer side wall of the mandrel abuts against the inner side wall of the pipe to be detected;
step three: one edge of the first notch is positioned at one side of the connecting part along the circumferential dividing line and is a first edge; one edge of the second notch is positioned at the other side of the connecting part along the circumferential dividing line and is a second edge; the length directions of the first edge and the second edge are respectively parallel to the axial direction of the pipe, and the pipe to be detected is twisted around the axial line of the pipe to be detected by a twisting device; the shearing surface on the torsion device can be propped against the first edge and the second edge and can respectively apply opposite torsion forces to the first edge and the second edge along the tangential direction of the pipe; the torsion device is provided with a plurality of anti-deformation surfaces, and each anti-deformation surface is respectively propped against the rest edges except the first edge and the second edge of the first notch and the second notch.
2. An apparatus for implementing the tubular hoop pure shear loading method of claim 1, wherein: comprising the following steps: the mandrel is used for being inserted into the pipe to be detected along the axial direction of the pipe, and shearing surfaces in the twisting device can be propped against the first edge and the second edge and can apply opposite twisting force to the first edge and the second edge respectively along the circumferential direction of the pipe; the torsion device is further provided with a plurality of deformation-resistant surfaces, each deformation-resistant surface is respectively used for being propped against the first notch and the second notch and the rest edges except the first edge and the second edge, the torsion device comprises an upper shearing plate and a lower shearing plate, the upper shearing plate is used for being inserted into the first notch, and the lower shearing plate is used for being inserted into the second notch.
3. The tubular hoop pure shear loading device of claim 2, wherein: the first edge and the second edge are all cut surfaces, the plane where the first edge is located passes through the axis of the pipe to be detected, the plane where the second edge is located also passes through the axis of the pipe to be detected, an upper shearing surface parallel to the first edge is arranged on the upper shearing plate, a lower shearing surface parallel to the second edge is arranged on the lower shearing plate, the upper shearing surface abuts against the first edge, the lower shearing surface abuts against the second edge, and a plurality of deformation-resistant surfaces are arranged on the upper shearing plate and the lower shearing plate; the lower shear plate is fixed along the circumferential direction of the pipe, and the upper shear plate can rotate along the central axis of the pipe; the upper shearing surface is always parallel to the plane of the first edge during the rotation of the upper shearing plate.
4. A tubular hoop pure shear loading device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the upper pipe is provided with two opposite first gaps, the lower pipe is provided with two opposite second gaps, and the upper pipe and the lower pipe are connected through two connecting parts; the upper shearing plate is used for penetrating through the two first gaps of the upper pipe, the lower shearing plate is used for penetrating through the two second gaps of the lower pipe, and the upper shearing plate rotates and cooperates with the lower shearing plate to simultaneously shear the two connecting parts.
5. A tubular hoop pure shear loading device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the lower shear plate is fixed on the base in a circumferential direction.
6. A tubular hoop pure shear loading device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the upper core shaft is used for being inserted into the upper pipe, the lower core shaft is used for being inserted into the lower pipe, the upper core shaft and the lower core shaft are coaxial and stacked on the lower core shaft, the upper shearing plate can penetrate through the upper core shaft and drive the upper core shaft to synchronously twist with the upper pipe, and the lower shearing plate can penetrate through the lower core shaft and fix the lower core shaft along the annular direction of the pipe.
7. The tubular hoop pure shear loading device of claim 6, wherein: the pipe cutting device comprises a pipe, and is characterized by further comprising a rotating shaft, wherein a polygonal hole along the axial direction of the pipe is formed in the middle of the upper shearing plate, the central line of the polygonal hole is collinear with the axis of the pipe, the rotating shaft is a polygonal shaft, one end of the rotating shaft can penetrate through the upper core shaft and is inserted into the polygonal hole, the other end of the rotating shaft extends out of the upper pipe to form a force application part, and the force application part is in transmission connection with a driving device.
8. A tubular hoop pure shear loading device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the upper shearing plate comprises a first upper shearing plate and a second upper shearing plate, the first upper shearing plate and the second upper shearing plate are parallel and are stacked up and down to be detachably arranged, one end of the first upper shearing plate extends out of two sides of the portion of the first notch, one end of the second upper shearing plate extends out of the other side of the portion of the first notch, and one upper shearing surface is also arranged on the two sides of the portion of the second upper shearing plate.
9. The tubular hoop pure shear loading device of claim 8, wherein: the first upper shear plate is connected with the second upper shear plate through bolts, and is accurately positioned through pins.
10. The tubular hoop pure shear loading device of claim 8, wherein: the lower shear plate comprises a first lower shear plate and a second lower shear plate, the first lower shear plate and the second lower shear plate are parallel and are stacked up and down to be detachably arranged, one end of the first lower shear plate extends out of two sides of the second notch, one lower shear surface is arranged on two sides of the second notch, and one end of the second lower shear plate extends out of the other second notch, and one lower shear surface is arranged on two sides of the second notch.
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