CN112539657A - Sintered ore sensible heat recovery method and special cooling furnace - Google Patents
Sintered ore sensible heat recovery method and special cooling furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN112539657A CN112539657A CN202011573359.XA CN202011573359A CN112539657A CN 112539657 A CN112539657 A CN 112539657A CN 202011573359 A CN202011573359 A CN 202011573359A CN 112539657 A CN112539657 A CN 112539657A
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- sinter
- cooling furnace
- heat recovery
- sensible heat
- recovery method
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
- F27D15/02—Cooling
- F27D15/0286—Cooling in a vertical, e.g. annular, shaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
A method for recovering sensible heat of hot sinter and a special cooling furnace belong to the technical field of sinter cooling and waste heat recovery processes. The method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a sinter cooling furnace, a feeding system, an air inlet system, a discharging system, an exhaust system, a primary dust removal system, a waste heat recovery system, a final dust removal system, a power system and a measurement and control system. The invention solves the problems of air leakage and parameter fluctuation of a waste heat system of the conventional sinter cooling system, reduces the heat dissipation loss with the external environment and has obvious energy-saving effect; meanwhile, the structure is simple, the operation cost is low, and the device is safe and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for recovering sensible heat of hot sintering ore and a special cooling furnace, belonging to the technical field of sintering ore cooling and waste heat recovery processes.
Background
The energy consumption of the sintering process of the iron and steel enterprises is only second to that of the iron making process, and in the total energy consumption of the sintering process, the sensible heat of the sintering ore accounts for 35.4% and the sensible heat of the waste gas accounts for 22.9% in the thermal expenditure of the sintering machine. Therefore, the key point of the waste heat recovery of the sintering plant is the sensible heat of the sintered mineral products and the waste heat recovery of the sintering waste flue gas.
At present, the sensible heat recovery mode of the sinter adopts a ring cooling technology or a belt cooling technology, the hot sinter carries out heat convection with cold air on a ring cooling machine or a belt cooling machine, and heated air is used for power generation or heating through a waste heat boiler so as to achieve the purpose of recovering the sensible heat of the sinter.
The circular cooling or the belt cooling is carried out on a moving trolley, and sintered ores are cooled by air draft or air blast, and the equipment has the following defects:
1. the sealing problem between the trolley and the air box in the cooling process is difficult to solve, the waste heat utilization efficiency is fast to attenuate, and the operating environment is greatly polluted by the leakage of smoke dust;
2. the fluctuation of waste heat parameters is large, so that the stability and safety of a waste heat utilization system are endangered;
3. the flue gas temperature is lower, and the waste heat utilization rate is low.
In view of the above disadvantages, it is of great practical significance to develop a new method for recovering sensible heat from sintered ore and a cooling apparatus.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for recovering sensible heat of a sintering ore and a special cooling furnace, which are used for solving the defects in the prior art and achieving the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of a sintering process.
The basic concept of the invention is as follows: the hot sintering cake discharged from the tail part of the sintering machine is crushed by a single-roller crusher, enters a sintering ore cooling furnace through a sintering ore feeding system, is fully contacted with cooling gas entering through an air inlet system in the sintering ore cooling furnace and carries out convective heat transfer, the hot sintering ore is cooled in the descending process, the cooled sintering ore is discharged through a discharging system, heated high-temperature tail gas is discharged through an exhaust system from an upper exhaust port and a lower exhaust port of the cooling furnace and enters a primary dust remover through a high-temperature tail gas ring pipe to carry out primary dust removal, the primary dust removal aims at reducing the dust content of the tail gas and improving the convective heat transfer coefficient of the gas, the gas subjected to primary dust removal enters a waste heat recovery system, the tail gas discharged from the waste heat recovery system enters a final dust removal system, and the tail gas purified by the final dust removal system is discharged from a chimney through a main draught fan. The main induced draft fan adopts a variable frequency motor, is used for ensuring that micro negative pressure is always kept in the sinter cooling furnace, and prevents heated tail gas in the cooling furnace from leaking out to cause energy loss, and is a main idea and method for solving the air leakage problem which cannot be solved by the conventional sinter cooling method.
One of the basic technical schemes of the invention is as follows: is a sinter sensible heat recovery method, comprising the following steps: sinter cooling furnace, feed system, air intake system, discharge system, exhaust system, first dust pelletizing system, waste heat recovery system, dust pelletizing system, driving system and observing and controlling system, its characterized in that: the broken hot sintering ore enters the sintering ore cooling furnace through a feeding system, the hot sintering ore carries out heat convection with ascending cooling gas entering from an air inlet system in the descending process in the sintering ore cooling furnace, the cooled sintering ore is discharged from a discharge port at the bottom of the sintering ore cooling furnace through a discharge system, heated high-temperature tail gas is discharged from an exhaust port of the sintering ore cooling furnace through an exhaust system, and high-temperature tail gas discharged through the exhaust system is purified and cooled through a primary dust remover, a waste heat recovery system and a final dust remover in sequence and then discharged through a power system.
The feeding system consists of a receiving bin, a middle diffusion chute and a guide cone, and after being buffered by the receiving bin, the crushed hot sintered ore is matched with the guide cone through the middle diffusion chute to form an inclined material flow channel which is not as good as that in the sintered ore cooling furnace, so that the edge material distribution operation is realized.
The air inlet system, namely the primary air port, the secondary air port and the cone section air inlet of the sinter cooling furnace are directly communicated with the atmosphere, and cooling air enters the sinter cooling furnace through the primary air port, the secondary air port and the cone section air inlet of the sinter cooling furnace under the action of the power system.
The cooled sintered ore is discharged through a discharge valve and a plate feeder of the discharge system in turn.
The exhaust system is connected with an upper exhaust port and a lower exhaust port of the sinter cooling furnace and mainly comprises a connecting pipeline connected with the upper exhaust port and the lower exhaust port and a high-temperature tail gas circular pipe, and heated high-temperature tail gas is discharged from the upper exhaust port and the lower exhaust port of the sinter cooling furnace and enters the high-temperature tail gas circular pipe.
The primary dust removal system consists of a high-temperature resistant dust remover and an inlet and outlet pipeline;
the waste heat recovery system mainly comprises a waste heat boiler and an inlet and outlet pipeline;
the final dust removal system comprises an electric dust remover or a bag-type dust remover and a conveying pipeline, wherein the electric dust removal system is suggested to be adopted;
the power system mainly comprises a main draught fan and an exhaust chimney, wherein the main draught fan adopts a variable frequency motor, and aims to keep the interior of the sinter cooling furnace in a micro negative pressure state all the time and provide power required by cooling gas circulation.
The measurement and control system comprises a metering and control system.
Furthermore, in order to ensure that the central position of the sinter cooling furnace is cooled uniformly, the sinter cooling furnace is provided with a central air pipe, and cooling air is blown into the cooling furnace through the central air pipe, so that the sintering ore at the burning center in the sinter cooling furnace can be cooled uniformly.
Further, for recovering the low-temperature sensible heat carried by the tail gas discharged by the main draught fan, the tail gas temperature of the inlet of the waste heat boiler is improved, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the flow of the circulating tail gas is controlled by a temperature adjusting air port of the sinter cooling furnace and an electric adjusting valve of an outlet pipeline of the main draught fan.
Furthermore, in order to solve the problem of instability of parameters of high-temperature tail gas entering the waste heat system, an electric regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the exhaust outlet of the cooling furnace and the high-temperature tail gas ring pipe and used for controlling the flow of the tail gas at the exhaust outlet of the cooling furnace so as to achieve the purpose of regulating the air inlet parameters of the waste heat system.
Furthermore, a communicating pipe is arranged between the central air pipe inlet pipeline and the main induced draft fan outlet pipeline, and an electric valve is arranged on the communicating pipe, so that partial tail gas discharged by the main induced draft fan is sent into the sintering cooling furnace through the central air pipe, and the temperature of the tail gas is increased.
The second basic technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the special sinter cooling furnace for realizing the sinter sensible heat recovery method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) the sinter cooling furnace is a cylindrical furnace and consists of two sections, wherein the upper part is a straight section, and the lower part is a conical section structure with a large upper part and a small lower part;
2) the sinter cooling furnace is provided with a top feeding hole and a bottom discharging hole;
3) the sinter cooling furnace is provided with a primary air port, a secondary air port, a conical section air inlet, an upper air outlet and a lower air outlet;
4) and a high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant heat-insulating lining plate is arranged on the inner wall of the sinter cooling furnace.
Furthermore, a primary air inlet, a secondary air inlet and a conical section air inlet of the sinter cooling furnace are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the primary air inlet and the secondary air inlet are not arranged on the same axial section.
Furthermore, the upper exhaust port and the lower exhaust port are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the upper exhaust port and the lower exhaust port are not arranged on the same axial section.
Further, in order to avoid heat loss caused by convection heat exchange between the sinter cooling furnace and the atmospheric environment, ceramic fibers are arranged between the cylindrical cooling furnace and the heat insulation lining plate, and meanwhile, a high-temperature-resistant binder is adopted for firmly bonding.
Furthermore, in order to ensure that the center position of the sinter cooling furnace is cooled uniformly, a central air pipe is arranged at the conical section of the sinter cooling furnace, is fixed on the furnace shell of the sinter cooling furnace and is made of high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant materials.
And further, in order to recover the low-temperature sensible heat of the tail gas discharged by the main draught fan, the temperature of the tail gas at the inlet of the waste heat boiler is further improved, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and a temperature adjusting air port is additionally arranged between a primary air port and a secondary air port of the sinter cooling furnace.
Furthermore, the temperature adjusting air ports are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction.
The invention has the following main beneficial effects:
1. the problem of current sinter cooling system leak out is solved. Because the heat exchange between the sinter and the cooling gas is carried out in the sinter cooling furnace, and the sinter cooling furnace is always in a micro negative pressure state, heated high-temperature gas is prevented from leaking into the atmosphere, the problems of serious air leakage and low waste heat recovery efficiency of the conventional sinter cooling system are effectively solved, meanwhile, the environmental pollution caused by the leakage of smoke dust can be avoided, and the environmental protection benefit is obvious.
2. The invention considers the recycling of sintering tail gas and greatly improves the heat exchange efficiency of a waste heat system. The temperature-adjusting tuyere designed through the cooling furnace sends low-temperature tail gas into the furnace as a cooling medium, so that the effect of obviously improving the temperature of the tail gas at the outlet of the cooling furnace is achieved, and the heat exchange efficiency of the waste heat boiler is greatly improved.
3. The problem of fluctuation of the parameters of the waste heat system is solved, and the long-term stable operation of the waste heat system is ensured. The parameters of tail gas at the inlet of the waste heat system and the influence of gas parameter fluctuation on the operation stability of the waste heat recovery system are adjusted by adjusting an electric adjusting valve on a connecting pipeline of the lower exhaust port and the high-temperature flue gas circular pipe.
4. And the heat dissipation loss between the sinter cooling furnace and the external environment is reduced. Through the heat insulation lining plate and the heat insulation ceramic fiber pad designed in the sinter cooling furnace, the wall heat dissipation of the sinter cooling furnace is reduced, and the utilization rate of waste heat is favorably improved.
5. The invention does not need to consider the problem of system sealing, and has simple structure, lower operating cost, safety and reliability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of example 1 of a method for recovering sensible heat from hot sintered ore according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of example 2 of a method for sensible heat recovery of hot sintered ore according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of a sinter cooling furnace used in a method for sensible heat recovery of hot sinter according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 3.
The following are marked in the figure: 1. sintering machine; 2. a single roll crusher; 3. a receiving bin; 4. a middle diffusion chute; 5. a material guide cone; 6. a sinter cooling furnace; 7. a discharge valve; 8. a plate feeder; 9. a high temperature resistant dust remover; 10. a waste heat boiler; 11. a final dust collector; 12. a main induced draft fan; 13. a chimney; 14. an electric control valve; 15. an electric control valve; 16. a high temperature tail gas ring pipe; 17. an electric control valve; 18. a blower; 19. a shut-off valve; 20. connecting a pipeline; 21. connecting a pipeline; 6-1, a feed inlet; 6-2, furnace shell; 6-3, ceramic fiber layer; 6-4, wear-resistant lining boards; 6-5, an upper exhaust port; 6-6, lower exhaust ports; 6-7, primary air ports; 6-8, a temperature adjusting tuyere; 6-9 parts of secondary air ports; 6-10 parts of a conical section air inlet; 6-11 parts of a central air pipe; 6-12 parts of discharge port.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Because the method and the special sinter cooling furnace thereof are closely connected, the method and the special sinter cooling furnace thereof are combined and explained.
Example 1 is shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4.
The specific workflow of this example 1 is as follows: the hot sintering cake discharged by the sintering machine 1 enters a hot sintering ore receiving bin 3 after being crushed by a single-roll crusher 2, the hot sintering ore enters a sintering ore cooling furnace 6 through an inclined material flow channel formed by a middle diffusion chute 4 and a guide cone 5 after being buffered in the receiving bin 3, the hot sintering ore enters from a primary air port 6-7, a secondary air port 6-9 and a cone section air inlet 6-10 in the descending process in the sintering ore cooling furnace 6 and is cooled, the cooled sintering ore is discharged from a discharge port 6-12 of the sintering ore cooling furnace 6 through a discharge valve 7 and a plate type ore feeder 8, the heated cold air is led out from an upper exhaust port 6-5 and a lower exhaust port 6-6 of the sintering ore cooling furnace 6 through a high-temperature tail gas ring pipe 16, the led high-temperature tail gas enters a high-temperature resistant dust remover 9, and semi-clean gas after large-particle dust carried in the gas is removed by the high-temperature dust remover 9 enters a, an outlet pipeline of the waste heat boiler is connected with a final dust remover 11, the tail gas cooled by the waste heat boiler 10 enters the final dust remover 11, is further purified in the final dust remover 11 and is discharged into the atmosphere through a main induced draft fan 12 and a chimney 13.
In order to ensure the uniform cooling of the central position of the sinter cooling furnace 6, a central air pipe 6-11 is arranged at the conical section of the sinter cooling furnace 6, an air inlet of the central air pipe 6-11 is connected with a small blower 18, and a stop valve 19 is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the blower.
In order to recover low-temperature sensible heat carried by tail gas discharged by a main induced draft fan 12, improve the temperature of the tail gas at the inlet of a waste heat boiler 10 and improve the heat exchange efficiency, a temperature adjusting air port 6-8 is additionally arranged between a primary air port 6-7 and a secondary air port 6-9 of a sinter cooling furnace 6, the temperature adjusting air port 6-8 is connected with an outlet pipeline of the main induced draft fan 12, and an electric adjusting valve 14 is arranged on a connecting pipeline 20 and used for adjusting the amount of circulating tail gas entering the cooling furnace 6.
In order to solve the problem of instability of parameters of high-temperature tail gas entering the waste heat boiler 10, an electric regulating valve 17 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between a lower exhaust port 6-6 of the cooling furnace 6 and a high-temperature tail gas ring pipe 16 and is used for controlling the flow of the tail gas of the lower exhaust port 6-6 of the cooling furnace 6 so as to achieve the purpose of regulating the inlet temperature of the waste heat boiler 10.
Example 2 is shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4.
In this embodiment 2, an improvement is made on the basis of embodiment 1, a communicating pipe 21 is designed between an inlet pipeline of the central air duct 6-11 and an outlet pipeline of the main induced draft fan 12, and an electric regulating valve 15 is arranged on the communicating pipe 21 to close a cut-off valve 19. Partial tail gas discharged by the main induced draft fan 12 is sent into the sintering cooling furnace 6 through the central air pipes 6-11, and the temperature of the tail gas can be increased.
Otherwise, reference is made to the statements made in example 1.
Claims (16)
1. A sinter sensible heat recovery method comprising: sinter cooling furnace, feed system, air intake system, discharge system, exhaust system, first dust pelletizing system, waste heat recovery system, dust pelletizing system, driving system and observing and controlling system, its characterized in that: the broken hot sintering ore enters the sintering ore cooling furnace through a feeding system, the hot sintering ore carries out heat convection with ascending cooling gas entering from an air inlet system in the descending process in the sintering ore cooling furnace, the cooled sintering ore is discharged from a discharge port at the bottom of the sintering ore cooling furnace through a discharge system, heated high-temperature tail gas is discharged from an exhaust port of the sintering ore cooling furnace through an exhaust system, and high-temperature tail gas discharged through the exhaust system is purified and cooled through a primary dust remover, a waste heat recovery system and a final dust remover in sequence and then discharged through a power system.
2. The sinter sensible heat recovery method of claim 1, wherein: the crushed hot sinter is distributed into the sinter cooling furnace through a guide cone of the feeding system and an inclined material flow channel in the form of a middle diffusion chute, so that edge distribution is realized.
3. The sinter sensible heat recovery method of claim 1, wherein: and under the action of the power system, cooling gas enters the sintering ore cooling furnace through a primary air port, a secondary air port and a cone section air inlet of the sintering ore cooling furnace.
4. The sinter sensible heat recovery method of claim 1, wherein: and the heated high-temperature tail gas is discharged from an upper exhaust port and a lower exhaust port of the sinter cooling furnace and enters a high-temperature tail gas ring pipe.
5. The sinter sensible heat recovery method of claim 1, wherein: the micro negative pressure in the sinter cooling furnace is maintained by the power system, and the circulating power of the cooling gas is provided by the power system.
6. The sinter sensible heat recovery method of claim 1, wherein: and cooling gas is blown into the cooling furnace through a central air pipe arranged in the sinter cooling furnace, so that the uniform cooling of the sinter center in the furnace is ensured.
7. The sinter ore sensible heat recovery method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: and controlling the flow of the circulating tail gas by adopting a temperature adjusting tuyere of the sinter cooling furnace and an electric adjusting valve of an outlet pipeline of a main induced draft fan.
8. The sinter ore sensible heat recovery method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: and controlling the flow of the tail gas of the lower exhaust port by using an electric valve between the lower exhaust port of the sinter cooling furnace and the high-temperature tail gas ring pipe.
9. The sinter ore sensible heat recovery method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein: and a communicating pipe between the central air pipe and an outlet pipeline of the main induced draft fan is used for guiding part of discharged tail gas into the sinter cooling furnace for recycling.
10. A dedicated sinter cooling furnace for implementing the sensible heat recovery method of sinter according to claims 1 to 9, wherein:
1) the sinter cooling furnace is a cylindrical furnace and consists of two sections, wherein the upper part is a straight section, and the lower part is a conical section structure with a large upper part and a small lower part;
2) the sinter cooling furnace is provided with a top feeding hole and a bottom discharging hole;
3) the sinter cooling furnace is provided with a primary air port, a secondary air port, a conical section air inlet, an upper air outlet and a lower air outlet;
4) and a high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant heat-insulating lining plate is arranged on the inner wall of the sinter cooling furnace.
11. The dedicated sinter cooling furnace according to claim 10, which implements the sensible heat recovery method of sinter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the primary air port, the secondary air port and the cone section air inlet are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the primary air port and the secondary air port are not arranged on the same axial section.
12. The dedicated sinter cooling furnace according to claim 10, which implements the sensible heat recovery method of sinter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the upper exhaust port and the lower exhaust port are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and are not arranged on the same axial section.
13. The dedicated sinter cooling furnace according to claim 10, which implements the sensible heat recovery method of sinter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: and ceramic fibers are arranged between the furnace shell of the sinter cooling furnace and the heat insulation lining plate.
14. The dedicated sinter cooling furnace according to claim 10, which implements the sensible heat recovery method of sinter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: and designing a central air pipe at the conical section of the sinter cooling furnace, wherein the central air pipe is fixed on the shell of the sinter cooling furnace.
15. A dedicated sinter cooling furnace for implementing the sensible heat recovery method of sinter as claimed in claim 1 to claim 9, in accordance with claim 10 or claim 11, wherein: and a temperature-adjusting air port is additionally arranged between the primary air port and the secondary air port of the sinter cooling furnace.
16. A dedicated sinter cooling furnace for implementing the sensible heat recovery method of sinter as claimed in claims 1 to 9, according to claim 10, 11 or 15, wherein: the temperature adjusting air ports are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011573359.XA CN112539657A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Sintered ore sensible heat recovery method and special cooling furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011573359.XA CN112539657A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Sintered ore sensible heat recovery method and special cooling furnace |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112539657A true CN112539657A (en) | 2021-03-23 |
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| CN202011573359.XA Pending CN112539657A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Sintered ore sensible heat recovery method and special cooling furnace |
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2020
- 2020-12-25 CN CN202011573359.XA patent/CN112539657A/en active Pending
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