CN112537366A - Steering wheel unit for detecting a steering movement of a steering wheel of an electromechanical steering system - Google Patents
Steering wheel unit for detecting a steering movement of a steering wheel of an electromechanical steering system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112537366A CN112537366A CN201910893813.0A CN201910893813A CN112537366A CN 112537366 A CN112537366 A CN 112537366A CN 201910893813 A CN201910893813 A CN 201910893813A CN 112537366 A CN112537366 A CN 112537366A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- steering
- steering wheel
- wheel unit
- movement
- electromechanical
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/04—Hand wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/001—Mechanical components or aspects of steer-by-wire systems, not otherwise provided for in this maingroup
- B62D5/005—Mechanical components or aspects of steer-by-wire systems, not otherwise provided for in this maingroup means for generating torque on steering wheel or input member, e.g. feedback
- B62D5/006—Mechanical components or aspects of steer-by-wire systems, not otherwise provided for in this maingroup means for generating torque on steering wheel or input member, e.g. feedback power actuated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0403—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by constructional features, e.g. common housing for motor and gear box
Abstract
The invention relates to a steering wheel unit (1) for sensorially detecting a steering movement of a steering wheel (4) of an electromechanical steering system of a motor vehicle, comprising: a steering motion sensor (21) arranged in the region of the steering wheel shaft (3) of the steering wheel (4) for detecting the steering wheel attitude; and a force generating device for applying a mechanical feedback force to the steering wheel (4) for feedback of the current steering and/or driving state to the driver. The force generating device comprises a steering spindle nut (11) which is arranged axially adjustably on the external thread section (10) of the steering wheel shaft (3) and which is acted upon at the end by in each case at least one linear spring (16a, 16b) arranged coaxially thereto, such that, as the adjustment of the steering wheel (4) out of straight travel increases, the restoring force which can be generated at the steering wheel (4) for the purpose of feeding back the steering state, which is dependent on the steering angle of the wheels, to the driver increases.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a steering wheel unit for sensorially detecting a steering movement of a steering wheel of an electromechanical steering system of a motor vehicle. The invention further relates to an electromechanical steering system comprising such a steering wheel unit.
Background
The field of application of the invention extends to so-called steer-by-wire systems for motor vehicles, in which no direct mechanical coupling exists between the steering wheel and the steered wheels of the motor vehicle. Instead, the steering angle of the steering wheel and, if necessary, also the rotational speed of the steering wheel and/or the torque applied to the steering wheel are detected by suitable sensor devices and transmitted in the form of electrical control values to an electromechanical steering wheel actuator unit, which converts an electrically predefined steering signal into a mechanical adjustment of the steering angle of the wheels of the steerable axle.
In such electromechanical steering systems, direct mechanical feedback of the actually implemented wheel steering angle is therefore eliminated, which in mechanically coupled systems can be felt by the driver, usually in the form of a return torque on the steering wheel, which is dependent on the driving speed, and vibrations superimposed thereon, as well as via the end stop position of the steering wheel.
From US 2017/0320515 a1, an electromechanical steering system for a motor vehicle is known, which is equipped with a special force generating device on the steering wheel unit for applying a mechanical feedback force to the steering wheel in order to feedback the current steering and vehicle state to the driver. For this purpose, the steering wheel unit has an electric motor for generating a feedback force by applying a corresponding torque to the steering wheel shaft. By suitable actuation of the electric motor, the actual driving sensation can be transmitted to the driver via the steering wheel, as in a mechanically coupled steering system. The force generating device provided for this purpose furthermore comprises a lockable coupling which is actuated as a brake by means of an electromagnetic actuator for inhibiting further rotation of the steering wheel shaft when the wheel reaches a predetermined end stop position in the respective direction of rotation. For this purpose, the coupling fixes the steering wheel shaft in accordance with the electronic control device in the above-described situation. In this prior art, the electric motor for applying the mechanical feedback force is an active member, which therefore also requires electronic control means.
Another electromechanical steering system for a motor vehicle is known from US 2002/0189888 a1, which is also equipped with an electric motor for generating a mechanical feedback force on the steering wheel. For this purpose, the electric motor is arranged in an axially parallel manner to the steering wheel shaft and acts on the steering wheel via a belt drive. This solution requires more installation space in the transverse direction with respect to the steering wheel axis than the prior art mentioned above.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a steering wheel unit for sensorially detecting a steering movement of a steering wheel of an electromechanical steering system of a motor vehicle, which saves installation space and delivers a mechanical feedback force to the driver with regard to the current steering state in a simple technical measure.
The object is achieved with a steering wheel unit according to the preamble of the preferred embodiment in combination with the characterizing features thereof. In the case of an electromechanical steering system comprising such a steering wheel unit, reference is made to a preferred embodiment of the electromechanical steering system. The alternative embodiments give advantageous further developments of the invention.
The invention comprises the teaching that the force generating device for generating a mechanical feedback force with respect to the current steering state comprises a non-self-locking steering spindle nut which is arranged axially adjustably on the external thread section of the steering spindle and which is acted upon at the end by at least one linear spring arranged coaxially thereto, so that the restoring force which can be generated at the steering wheel for the feedback of the steering state, which is dependent on the wheel steering angle, to the driver increases as the adjustment of the steering wheel out of straight travel increases.
The advantage of the solution according to the invention is in particular that it is achieved mainly using passive components which do not need to be controlled by an electronic control unit. Furthermore, the passive component, in particular the steering spindle nut and the two associated linear springs, can be arranged coaxially around the steering wheel shaft in a space-saving manner.
In other words, the solution of the invention ensures that when the steering wheel is turned in one direction or the other, one or the other linear spring is compressed by the steering shaft nut, thereby establishing mechanical potential energy for generating a mechanical feedback force.
Preferably, the feedback force generated according to the invention is used only to feedback the current steering state to the driver. In order to simulate other feedback information (for example the end stop positions of the wheels, which can be sensed by corresponding end stops on the steering wheel, or the surface structure of the roadway, which is fed back by corresponding mechanical vibrations), it is proposed according to a further development of the measure according to the invention that the force generating device further comprises an electric motor connected to the steering wheel shaft and an electromechanical brake for the movement, which in superposition, simulates only the further steering and driving states. In the solution of the invention, the additional electric motor and/or the electromagnetic brake are only used to reduce or increase the force generated by the elastic action of the linear spring for producing a real driving sensation on the steering wheel. The electric power consumption of the steering wheel unit of the invention is therefore much lower compared to the fully actively controlled steering wheel units of the prior art described at the beginning.
According to a preferred embodiment, the electric motor mentioned as a component of the force generating device is connected to the steering wheel shaft via a gear mechanism which is flanged on the end side to the housing of the steering wheel unit for reducing the rotational speed of the motor. This arrangement of the end face of the transmission on the steering wheel unit ensures a compact design.
The externally threaded section on the steering wheel shaft may be an integral part of a completely different transmission assembly that converts the rotational movement of the steering wheel shaft into a linear movement for compressing the linear spring. According to a first embodiment, it is provided that the external thread section of the steering wheel shaft and the internal thread of the steering spindle nut corresponding thereto are embodied as metric threads, trapezoidal threads or round threads for converting a rotational movement into a linear movement. This arrangement of the mutually matching threads can be realized in a simple manner in terms of production technology. However, in order to minimize sliding friction losses, it is proposed according to an alternative embodiment that the external thread section of the steering wheel shaft is a component of a ball or roller screw drive or a planetary gear drive for converting a rotational movement into a linear movement.
Preferably, the steering wheel shaft is supported radially and axially by at least two rolling bearings which are spaced apart from one another axially and are arranged in the housing on both sides of the steering spindle nut. In this case, the two rolling bearings can be arranged in the end region of the end face of the preferably cylindrical housing of the steering wheel unit in order to minimize the axial bearing distance. For example, ball bearings can be used as rolling bearings. The radial support of the steering wheel shaft makes a rotary movement of the steering wheel possible. The axial bearing prevents the steering wheel shaft from moving in the axial direction and at the same time serves as a support for the linear spring in the sense of functional integration.
According to a preferred embodiment, the linear spring is designed as a helical spring. However, other types of linear springs, for example elastomer springs, which generate the desired restoring force when the steering spindle nut is moved axially, can also be used. In order to prevent the steering spindle nut from rotating together when the steering wheel shaft is rotating, it is proposed that a groove be provided in the longitudinal direction on the inner circumferential surface of the housing, which groove interacts with a key or pin which is arranged in a positionally fixed manner on the nut side in order to guide the steering spindle nut in the axial direction in the movement direction.
Preferably, the linear spring does not bear directly against the rolling bearing on the respective end opposite the steering spindle nut, but rather a stop sleeve arranged between the rolling bearing and the linear spring, which preferably at least partially surrounds the rolling bearing, in order to transmit the spring force to an outer ring of the rolling bearing which is arranged in the housing and is fixed in position with the housing. In this way, the relative mobility of the inner ring of the rolling bearing is ensured in a simple manner.
Drawings
Further refinements of the invention are explained in detail below with reference to the drawing together with the description of preferred embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an electromechanical steering system for a motor vehicle; and
fig. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a steering wheel unit according to the invention of the steering system in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
According to fig. 1, an electromechanical steering system for a motor vehicle is essentially formed by a steering wheel unit 1, in whose cylinder housing 2 a steering wheel shaft 3 is rotatably mounted. A steering wheel 4 for operation by a driver is mounted on a distal end of the steering wheel shaft 3.
Via an electrical connection 5, the steering wheel unit 1 is connected via an electronic control unit 6 to a steering actuator unit 7, which in this exemplary embodiment is designed electromechanically. The steering actuator unit 7 serves to convert a steering signal, which is electrically predetermined by the steering wheel unit 1 via the control device 6, into a mechanical adjustment of the steering angle of the wheels 8a and 8b of the vehicle axle 9, which can be actuated in this case.
According to fig. 2, in the steering wheel unit 1, the torque applied to the steering wheel 4 by the driver as a result of the steering movement is transmitted via the steering wheel shaft 3 to the interior of the housing 2. There, the steering wheel shaft 3 has an external thread section 10 which interacts with a non-self-locking internal thread section, not shown here further, of the steering spindle nut 11 for converting a rotational movement of the steering wheel 4 into a linear movement of the steering spindle nut 11. The steering spindle nut 11 has a key 12 arranged on the circumference, which interacts with a groove 13 formed on the housing inner wall side for longitudinal guidance in the axial direction of movement.
The steering wheel shaft 3 is supported in the radial direction and in the axial direction by rolling bearings 14a and 14b arranged spaced apart from one another in the housing 2. The two rolling bearings 14a and 14b are fixed in the housing 2 by means of a stop sleeve 15a or 15b, respectively, which is arranged between them. The stop sleeves 15a and 15b have an angled cross section and in addition serve as stop surfaces on the end faces for the respectively associated linear spring 16a or 16b, which in this exemplary embodiment is embodied as a helical spring made of a spring steel material. The two linear springs 16a and 16b surround the steering spindle nut 11 on the end sides of the steering spindle nut 11 facing each other. In addition to the stop sleeve 15a or 15b, the two rolling bearings 14a and 14b interact with a stop disk 19a or 19b for axially supporting the rolling bearings 14a and 14b on the side facing away from the linear springs 16a and 16 b. The two stop disks 19a and 19b are fixed with the respectively associated piston ring 20a or 20b on the inside of the wall of the housing 2.
In this steering wheel unit 1, the steering shaft nut 11 is axially moved due to rotation of the steering wheel 4 in one direction or the other to compress one of the two linear springs 16a and 16b, to thereby store potential energy. This energy is used to generate a part of the feedback force that feeds back the current steering state to the driver via the steering wheel 4.
However, the force generating means for applying a mechanical feedback force to the steering wheel 4 further comprise an electric motor 17 connected to the steering wheel shaft 3 and an electromechanical brake 18. The active components of the force generating device serve to simulate superimposed movements of further steering and driving states, in particular the end stop positions of the wheels 8a and 8b, the surface structure of the roadway, etc.
The electric motor 17 is flanged at its end to the housing 2, i.e. to its end opposite the steering wheel 4, and is provided with an integrated transmission for reducing the motor speed. On the end facing the steering wheel 4, a steering motion sensor 21 known per se is mounted in the housing 2, which detects the torque and the angular position of the steering wheel 4 and transmits them to the control device 6.
The invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. On the contrary, all the variants covered by the scope of protection of the following claims are conceivable. For example, it is also possible to arrange the groove for the longitudinal guidance of the steering spindle nut 11 not on the housing but on the steering spindle nut, but rather to arrange the key or pin interacting therewith on the opposite component. Furthermore, the steering actuator unit 7 may also be configured as an electrohydraulic unit or the like.
List of reference numerals
1 steering wheel unit
2 casing
3 steering wheel shaft
4 steering wheel
5 electric connection part
6 electronic control device
7-turn actuator unit
8 wheel
9 vehicle bridge
10 external thread section
11 steering shaft nut
12 key
13 groove
14 rolling bearing
15 stop sleeve
16 linear spring
17 electric motor
18 electromechanical brake
19 stop disc
20 piston ring
21 turn to the motion sensor.
Claims (10)
1. Steering wheel unit (1) for sensorially detecting a steering movement of a steering wheel (4) of an electromechanical steering system of a motor vehicle, comprising:
a steering motion sensor (21) arranged in the region of the steering wheel shaft (3) of the steering wheel (4) for detecting the steering wheel attitude; and
force generating means for applying a mechanical feedback force to the steering wheel (4) for feedback of the current steering and/or driving state to the driver;
the force generating device is characterized in that the force generating device comprises a steering spindle nut (11) which is arranged axially adjustably on an external thread section (10) of the steering wheel shaft (3) and which is acted upon on at the end by in each case at least one linear spring (16a, 16b) arranged coaxially thereto, such that, as the adjustment of the steering wheel (4) out of straight travel increases, a restoring force which can be generated on the steering wheel (4) for the purpose of feeding back to the driver the steering state which is dependent on the wheel steering angle increases.
2. Steering wheel unit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the force generation means further comprise an electric motor (17) connected to the steering wheel shaft (3) and an electromechanical brake (18) for the superimposed movement simulation of further steering and/or driving states, in particular the end stop positions of the wheels (8a, 8b) and the surface structure of the lane.
3. Steering wheel unit (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the electric motor (17) and/or the electromechanical brake (18) are flanged on the end side to the housing (2) of the steering wheel unit (1).
4. Steering wheel unit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the external thread section (10) of the steering wheel shaft (3) and the internal thread of the steering shaft nut (11) corresponding thereto are embodied as metric, trapezoidal or circular threads for converting a rotational movement into a linear movement.
5. Steering wheel unit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the externally threaded section (10) of the steering wheel shaft (3) is a component of a ball-or roller screw drive or a planetary rolling contact drive for converting a rotational movement into a linear movement.
6. Steering wheel unit (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the steering spindle nut (11) has a key (12) arranged on the circumference, which interacts with a groove (13) machined on the housing inner wall side for longitudinal guidance in the axial direction of movement.
7. Steering wheel unit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the steering wheel shaft (3) is radially and axially supported by at least two rolling bearings (14a, 14b) axially spaced from each other and arranged in the housing (2) on both sides of the steering shaft nut (11).
8. Steering wheel unit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear spring (16a, 16b) is constructed in the form of a helical spring.
9. Steering wheel unit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear springs (16a, 16b) bear on the respective end opposite the steering spindle nut (11) against a stop sleeve (15 a; 15b) which at least partially surrounds the respectively associated rolling bearing (14a, 14 b).
10. An electromechanical steering system for a motor vehicle, comprising a steering wheel unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims and an electromechanical steering actuator unit (7) electrically connected thereto for converting a steering signal electrically predetermined by the steering wheel unit (1) into a mechanical adjustment of the steering angle of the wheels (8a, 8b) of a steerable axle (9).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910893813.0A CN112537366A (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2019-09-20 | Steering wheel unit for detecting a steering movement of a steering wheel of an electromechanical steering system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910893813.0A CN112537366A (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2019-09-20 | Steering wheel unit for detecting a steering movement of a steering wheel of an electromechanical steering system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112537366A true CN112537366A (en) | 2021-03-23 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910893813.0A Pending CN112537366A (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2019-09-20 | Steering wheel unit for detecting a steering movement of a steering wheel of an electromechanical steering system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112537366A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113306622A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-08-27 | 第一拖拉机股份有限公司 | Bidirectional large-angle self-resetting mechanism with neutral position positioning and stroke limiting functions |
| SE2250146A1 (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2023-08-15 | Sentient Ab | A steering system, a method for providing steering feedback in such a system and a steering system feedback arrangement |
| SE2250335A1 (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2023-09-18 | Sentient Ab | An improved steering system, a steering system arrangement and a method for steering control |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103419835A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-12-04 | 湖南大学 | Automobile steering-by-wire system and control method thereof |
| CN105408179A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2016-03-16 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Driver assistance system and driver assistance method with position control |
| US20160083006A1 (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2016-03-24 | Thyssenkrupp Presta Ag | Power steering system incorporating double wave spring with insulating intermediate layer |
| CN107303916A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2017-10-31 | 现代摩比斯株式会社 | Motor-driven power steering system and the method for determining intermediate position |
| CN206719311U (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-12-08 | 吉林大学 | It is a kind of to guide assistant steering device with adjustable limiting and time positive power tactile |
-
2019
- 2019-09-20 CN CN201910893813.0A patent/CN112537366A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160083006A1 (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2016-03-24 | Thyssenkrupp Presta Ag | Power steering system incorporating double wave spring with insulating intermediate layer |
| CN105408179A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2016-03-16 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Driver assistance system and driver assistance method with position control |
| CN103419835A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-12-04 | 湖南大学 | Automobile steering-by-wire system and control method thereof |
| CN107303916A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2017-10-31 | 现代摩比斯株式会社 | Motor-driven power steering system and the method for determining intermediate position |
| CN206719311U (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-12-08 | 吉林大学 | It is a kind of to guide assistant steering device with adjustable limiting and time positive power tactile |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113306622A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-08-27 | 第一拖拉机股份有限公司 | Bidirectional large-angle self-resetting mechanism with neutral position positioning and stroke limiting functions |
| CN113306622B (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2022-07-05 | 第一拖拉机股份有限公司 | Bidirectional large-angle self-resetting mechanism with neutral position positioning and stroke limiting functions |
| SE2250146A1 (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2023-08-15 | Sentient Ab | A steering system, a method for providing steering feedback in such a system and a steering system feedback arrangement |
| SE545901C2 (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2024-03-12 | Sentient Ab | A steering system, a method for providing steering feedback in such a system and a steering system feedback arrangement |
| SE2250335A1 (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2023-09-18 | Sentient Ab | An improved steering system, a steering system arrangement and a method for steering control |
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