CN112536877A

CN112536877A - Wood heating forming method

Info

Publication number: CN112536877A
Application number: CN202011404267.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈宏玮
Original assignee: Hefei Xingmu Furniture Co ltd
Current assignee: Hefei Xingmu Furniture Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-04
Filing date: 2020-12-04
Publication date: 2021-03-23

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wood product processing, and particularly relates to a wood heating forming method, which comprises the following steps: step 1: placing the straight battens on a bending manipulator; step 2: placing the bending manipulator in a heating chamber, and introducing high-temperature steam into the heating chamber to soften the battens, wherein the steam temperature is 120-140 ℃; and step 3: heating with steam for 10-20 min, and bending the wood strips by the bending manipulator; and 4, step 4: heating with steam for 40-60 min, and discharging steam from the heating chamber; and 5: and cooling for 5-10 min, taking out the bending manipulator from the heating chamber, and conveying to a downstream process. According to the invention, the bending manipulator is transferred from the conveying device to the rotary support through opening and closing of the bucket-shaped half shell, the bending operation of the bending manipulator and the air supply and exhaust operation of the heating chamber are realized through rotation of the rotary support, the automatic heating forming of the battens is realized, and the processing efficiency is improved.

Description

Wood heating forming method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wood product processing, and particularly relates to a wood heating forming method.

Background

With the increasing requirements of people on living quality, various wood artware, wood decoration, wood furniture and the like have become one of important elements for indoor decoration. At present, the structural form of a wooden product is not limited to the traditional square structure, but a more modern style is designed by utilizing the combination of various lines, wherein a batten is one of important constituent elements in the design of the existing wooden product, however, in order to enable the batten to have wider design application, the batten needs to be bent into various shapes.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a wood heating forming method, which can enable wood strips to be gradually bent and formed while being heated.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a wood heating forming method comprises the following steps:

step 1: the bending manipulator comprises a base, a fixed roller, a swing roller and a movable fork roller, wherein the axes of the fixed roller, the swing roller and the movable fork roller are parallel to each other, the fixed roller is fixedly connected with the base, the swing roller is fixedly connected with a first swing rod, the first swing rod is pivoted with the base, the movable fork roller comprises two roller bodies which are parallel to each other, the two roller bodies are fixedly connected with a lever, the middle part of the lever is pivoted with a second swing rod, the second swing rod is pivoted with the base, the pivot is coaxially arranged with the pivot between the first swing rod and the base, the fixed roller is provided with one, the swing roller and the movable fork roller are symmetrically provided with a pair respectively, the swing roller is provided with a station a and a station b along a swing path, the movable fork roller is provided with a station c and a station d along the swing path, and when the swing roller is positioned at the station a and the movable fork roller is positioned at the station c, the fixed roller and the swing roller are positioned on one side of the batten raw material, and the movable fork roller is positioned on the other side of the batten raw material; when the movable fork roller swings from the station c to the station d, the batten raw material can be bent by taking the fixed roller as a fulcrum, the swing roller is driven to the station b from the station a through the batten raw material, the swing roller stops after moving to the station b, and the movable fork roller continuously swings to the station d at the moment, so that the batten raw material between the swing roller and the fixed roller can be bent into a concave shape, and the batten integrally presents a waist-shaped vase-shaped outline;

step 2: placing the bending manipulator in a heating chamber, and introducing high-temperature steam into the heating chamber to soften the battens, wherein the steam temperature is 120-140 ℃;

and step 3: after steam heating for 10min-20min, the bending manipulator starts to bend the wood strips, and the bending amplitude is gradually increased along with the increase of the heating time;

and 4, step 4: after the wood strips are heated for 40-60 min by steam, bending the wood strips into a specified shape, discharging the steam in the heating chamber at the moment, gradually cooling the wood strips in the heating chamber, and keeping the wood strips in a bent state by the bending manipulator in the cooling process;

and 5: and cooling for 5-10 min, taking out the bending manipulator from the heating chamber, and conveying to a downstream process.

In the step 2, the operation of placing the bending manipulator in the heating chamber is completed by the conveying device and the rotary mechanism, the rotary mechanism comprises a rotary support, the bending manipulator is detachably arranged on the conveying device, the conveying device conveys the bending manipulator to translate along a horizontal path, the rotary support is positioned on the conveying path of the conveying device, the rotary support is rotatably connected with the machine frame along a horizontal axis, the axis direction is vertical to the conveying direction of the conveying device, a plurality of heating chambers are arranged on the rotary support at intervals along the circumferential direction, the heating chamber comprises two half shells of the scraper bucket form that open and shut the setting, and two half shells of scraper bucket form are assembled for can each other the lock and make bending manipulator and conveyor break away from simultaneously in the cavity that two half shells of scraper bucket form enclose bending manipulator cover when bending manipulator moves to the slewing support below along with conveyor.

In the step 2, the operation of introducing high-temperature steam into the heating chamber is completed by an air inlet and exhaust device, the air inlet and exhaust device comprises a main air supply pipe, a main exhaust pipe and a plurality of air inlet and exhaust branch pipes, each air inlet and exhaust branch pipe is respectively communicated with each heating chamber in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a three-way reversing valve is arranged between each air inlet and exhaust branch pipe and the main air supply pipe and between each air inlet and exhaust branch pipe and the main exhaust pipe, the three-way reversing valve is provided with a station I and a station II, the air inlet and exhaust branch pipes are communicated with the main air supply pipe when the three-way reversing valve is positioned at the station I, and the; the air inlet and exhaust branch pipes and the three-way reversing valve are fixedly connected with the rotary support, a valve control mechanism for controlling the three-way reversing valve to switch between the station I and the station II is arranged on the rack, and the valve control mechanism is assembled to enable the three-way reversing valve to be kept at the station I when the heating chamber rotates along with the rotary support in the first section and enable the three-way reversing valve to be kept at the station II when the heating chamber rotates along with the rotary support in the second section.

The pivoting end of the second swing rod is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the base, and the base is provided with a rotary driving unit for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; the rotary driving unit comprises a worm wheel fixedly connected with the rotating shaft and a worm rotatably connected with the base, and a gear is arranged at the end part of the worm; the rack is provided with a bending driving component which is arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotary bracket and is used for driving the second swing rod to swing; the bending driving member comprises an arc-shaped rack arranged along a partial section of the circumferential direction of the rotary support, and the arc-shaped rack is positioned on a motion path of the gear when the gear rotates along with the rotary support.

The upper end face and the lower end face of the base are respectively provided with an arc-shaped groove, the arc centers of the two arc-shaped grooves are coaxial, the side wall of one side of the two bucket-shaped half shells, which is spliced with each other, is provided with an arc-shaped notch part for accommodating the base, the two bucket-shaped half shells are pivoted with the rotary support and the pivot is coaxial, and the arc centers of the arc-shaped grooves and the arc-shaped notch parts are positioned on the pivot axis between the bucket-shaped half shells and the rotary support; when the two bucket-shaped half shells are buckled, the arc edges of the arc notch parts are just inserted into the two arc grooves in a rotary mode, so that one side of the base is positioned inside the two bucket-shaped half shells, the other side of the base is positioned outside the two bucket-shaped half shells, the fixed roller, the swing roller and the movable fork roller are positioned on the base inside the two bucket-shaped half shells, and the worm wheel, the worm and the gear are positioned on the base outside the two bucket-shaped half shells; the bottom surface of the base is an arc surface, the conveying device is provided with an installation seat, the top surface of the installation seat is an arc surface, the radius of the arc surface of the top surface of the installation seat is consistent with that of the arc surface of the ground of the base, and the arc centers of the installation seat and the arc surface are both positioned on the rotating axis of the rotating support; the bottom surface of the base is provided with a T-shaped groove extending along the contour of the cambered surface, the top surface of the mounting seat is provided with a T-shaped sliding rail extending along the contour of the cambered surface, and the T-shaped groove and the T-shaped sliding rail form sliding fit; and a locking mechanism is also arranged between the base and the mounting seat, the locking mechanism is assembled to lock the base and the mounting seat relatively when the two bucket-shaped half shells are not covered on the base, and the locking mechanism can release the base and the mounting seat mutually to enable the base to slide along the T-shaped sliding rail when the two bucket-shaped half shells cover the base.

Locking mechanism includes the locking piece that the direction slip of edge perpendicular to base bottom surface set up in the base to and the locking groove that sets up on the T type slide rail top surface, be equipped with first elastic element between locking piece and the base, first elastic element is assembled and can orders about the locking piece for its elasticity and insert the locking inslot, in the locking piece extends to the arc wall on the base bottom surface, and the both sides of the part of locking piece in the arc wall are equipped with the slide wedge face, the outer arc limit corner of arc breach portion is equipped with slide wedge drive face, and the slide wedge drive face can push through the slide wedge face is crowded when two scraper bowl form half shells are each other detained the locking piece makes the locking piece take out from the locking inslot.

The two bucket-shaped half shells are respectively hinged with a connecting rod, the end parts of the two connecting rods are hinged with a movable shaft, the movable shaft is in sliding pin joint with a radial waist-shaped hole arranged on the rotary support, and an opening and closing driving element for driving the two bucket-shaped half shells to open and close is arranged on the rack; the opening and closing driving element comprises a piston cylinder fixedly connected with the rack in the vertical direction, a piston rod of the piston cylinder is arranged downwards, a C-shaped groove plate is arranged at the end part of the piston rod, a notch of the C-shaped groove plate faces one side of the axis direction of the rotary support, and when one pair of bucket-shaped half shells rotates to the lowest position along with the rotary support, the movable shafts of the bucket-shaped half shells just rotate to the groove cavities of the C-shaped groove plate along with the rotary support; the machine frame is further provided with a locking ring, the locking ring and the rotary support are coaxially arranged, fracture parts for avoiding the C-shaped groove plates are arranged in sections of the locking ring corresponding to the C-shaped groove plates, and after the movable shaft is separated from the C-shaped groove plates, the movable shaft is abutted against the outer ring surface of the locking ring to enable the two bucket-shaped half shells to be kept in a closed state.

The main air supply pipe and the main exhaust pipe are coaxially arranged, a sliding ring which is rotatably connected with the main air supply pipe and the main exhaust pipe is arranged between the main air supply pipe and the main exhaust pipe, a first annular cavity is arranged between the sliding ring and the main air supply pipe, a second annular cavity is arranged between the sliding ring and the main exhaust pipe, an air inlet hole is arranged on the pipe wall of the main air supply pipe in the first annular cavity, an air outlet hole is arranged on the pipe wall of the main exhaust pipe in the second annular cavity, one interface of the three-way reversing valve is communicated with the air inlet and exhaust branch pipe, and the other two interfaces; the three-way reversing valve comprises a valve casing and a valve core, wherein the valve core is cylindrical, the valve core is arranged in a cylindrical valve cavity formed in the valve casing in a sliding mode, an annular groove is formed in the valve core, a first interface, a second interface and a third interface are arranged on the valve casing, the first interface is communicated with the air inlet and exhaust branch pipe, the second interface is communicated with the first annular cavity, the third interface is communicated with the second annular cavity, the first interface is communicated with the second interface through the annular groove in the valve core when the three-way reversing valve is located at a station I, and the first interface is communicated with the third interface through the annular groove in the valve core when the three-way reversing valve is.

The valve control mechanism comprises a ball head fixedly connected with the valve core and a control panel fixedly connected with the rack, a second elastic element is arranged between the valve core and the valve shell, the second elastic element is assembled into a structure that the elastic force of the second elastic element can drive the valve core to communicate the first interface with the third interface, the axis of the control panel is coaxially arranged with the axis of the rotary support, one end, facing the valve core, of the control panel is provided with a first sector and a second sector, the first sector is closer to the valve core relative to the second sector, the first sector and the second sector are in transition through a smooth inclined surface, the three-way reversing valve is located at a station I when the ball head is abutted against the first sector, and the three-way reversing valve is located at a station II when the ball head is abutted against the second sector.

Each air inlet and outlet branch pipe is fixedly connected with the rotary support, and the main air supply pipe and the main exhaust pipe are fixedly connected with the frame; the joint of the two bucket-shaped half shells is provided with a semicircular notch respectively, and the two semicircular notches enclose a hole for the air inlet and exhaust branch pipe to pass through after the two bucket-shaped half shells are buckled.

The invention has the technical effects that: according to the invention, the bending manipulator is transferred from the conveying device to the rotary support through opening and closing of the bucket-shaped half shell, the bending operation of the bending manipulator and the air supply and exhaust operation of the heating chamber are realized through rotation of the rotary support, the automatic heating forming of the battens is realized, and the processing efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one direction of a bending robot provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a bending robot provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the bending robot of FIG. 8 in one orientation;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a steam heating and molding apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a steam heat forming apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view II of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of I of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an intake and exhaust apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of a base and mount provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a front view of a heating chamber, base and mount provided by embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a mount provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a heating chamber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a perspective view of a heating chamber opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying examples. It is to be understood that the following text is merely illustrative of one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of the invention as specifically claimed.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a steam heating forming device for wood processing comprises a rotary bracket 30, a bending manipulator 20, a conveying device 50 and an air inlet and exhaust device, the bending manipulator 20 is detachably arranged on the conveying device 50, the conveying device 50 conveys the bending manipulator 20 to move horizontally along a horizontal path, the rotary support 30 is positioned on the conveying path of the conveying device 50, the rotary support 30 is rotatably connected with the rack along a horizontal axis, the axis direction is vertical to the conveying direction of the conveying device 50, a plurality of heating chambers 31 are arranged on the rotary support 30 at intervals along the circumferential direction, the heating chamber 31 is composed of two bucket-shaped half shells 310 which are arranged in an opening and closing mode, the two bucket-shaped half shells 310 are assembled in a mode that when the bending manipulator 20 moves to the position below the rotary support 30 along with the conveying device 50, the two bucket-shaped half shells 310 can be mutually buckled, the bending manipulator 20 is covered in a cavity defined by the two bucket-shaped half shells 310, and meanwhile the bending manipulator 20 is separated from the conveying device 50; when the bending manipulator 20 reaches below the revolving support 30, the two bucket-shaped half shells 310 are clamped, at this time, the bending manipulator 20 can be separated from the conveying device 50 and transferred onto the revolving support 30, then the bending manipulator 20 conveys on the revolving support 30, and during the conveying process, the heating and bending operations of the battens can be simultaneously realized, the specific implementation manner of the bending manipulator is described in detail in the following description, when the bending manipulator 20 runs for a circle along with the revolving support 30 and returns to the conveying device 50 again, at this time, the two bucket-shaped half shells 310 are opened, so that the bending manipulator 20 can be separated from the revolving support 30 and be fixed on the conveying device 50 again.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the bending manipulator 20 includes a base 24, a fixed roller 21, a swing roller 22 and a movable fork roller 23, axes of the fixed roller 21, the swing roller 22 and the movable fork roller 23 are parallel to each other, the fixed roller 21 is fixedly connected to the base 24, the swing roller 22 is fixedly connected to a first swing link 221, the first swing link 221 is pivotally connected to the base 24, the movable fork roller 23 includes two roller bodies 231 parallel to each other, the two roller bodies 231 are fixedly connected to a lever 232, a middle portion of the lever 232 is pivotally connected to a second swing link 234, the second swing link 234 is pivotally connected to the base 24, and a pivot is coaxially disposed with the pivot between the first swing link 221 and the base 24, one fixed roller 21 is provided, a pair of swing rollers 22 and a pair of movable fork rollers 23 are symmetrically provided, the swing roller 22 has a station a and a station b along a swing path, the movable fork roller 23 has a station c and a station d along a swing path, when the swing roller 22 is located at the station a station c and the movable fork, The swing roller 22 and the movable fork roller 23 are arranged between the fixed roller 21 and the swing roller 22 and are positioned on one side of the batten raw material, and the movable fork roller 23 is positioned on the other side of the batten raw material; when the movable fork roller 23 swings from the station c to the station d, the batten raw material can be bent by taking the fixed roller 21 as a fulcrum, the swing roller 22 is driven from the station a to the station b through the batten raw material, the swing roller 22 stops after moving to the station b, and at the moment, the movable fork roller 23 continues swinging to the station d, so that the batten raw material between the swing roller and the fixed roller 21 can be bent into a concave shape, and the whole batten presents a waisted vase-shaped outline; at the initial stage of movable forked roller 23 by station c to station d motion process, movable forked roller 23 and swing roller 22 can press from both sides the both ends of stuff tightly, and the stuff middle section is then blockked by fixed roll 21, and then makes the stuff be the bending of U type gradually, and when swing roller 22 arrived station b, first pendulum rod 221 was blockked by stop device and stopped at station b, and movable forked roller 23 continued the swing this moment, just can produce to the stuff between swing roller 22 and the fixed roll 21 and press and force it to form and receive waist column structure.

As shown in fig. 6 and 8, the air intake and exhaust device includes a main air supply pipe 321, a main exhaust pipe 322 and a plurality of air intake and exhaust branch pipes 323, each air intake and exhaust branch pipe 323 is communicated with each heating chamber 31 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a three-way reversing valve 324 is arranged between each air intake and exhaust branch pipe 323 and the main air supply pipe 321 and the main exhaust pipe 322, the three-way reversing valve 324 has a station I and a station II, the air intake and exhaust branch pipe 323 is communicated with the main air supply pipe 321 when the three-way reversing valve 324 is located at the station I, and the air intake and exhaust branch pipe 323 is communicated with the main exhaust pipe 322 when the; the air inlet and outlet branch pipe 323 and the three-way reversing valve 324 are fixedly connected with the rotary bracket 30, and a valve control mechanism for controlling the three-way reversing valve 324 to switch between the station I and the station II is arranged on the rack, and the valve control mechanism is assembled to enable the three-way reversing valve 324 to be kept at the station I when the heating chamber 31 rotates along with the rotary bracket 30 in the first section and enable the three-way reversing valve 324 to be kept at the station II when the heating chamber 31 rotates along with the rotary bracket 30 in the second section. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first section of the stroke of the swing bracket 30 refers to a stroke of the bucket-shaped half shell 310 for a period of time after covering the bending robot 20, in which the battens are heated and softened while the bending robot 20 bends the battens; the stroke of the second section refers to a stroke from the time when the battens are completely bent and shape-preserved for a period of time to the time when the two bucket-shaped half shells 310 are completely opened, in the process, the heating chamber 31 firstly exhausts air to cool the battens, and when the bucket-shaped half shells 310 are opened, the temperature of the battens should be already reduced to a specified temperature, generally 40-50 ℃, so that the burning of equipment or nearby workers caused by high-temperature gas when the bucket-shaped shells are opened can be avoided.

As shown in fig. 2, a rotating shaft 27 is fixedly connected to a pivoting end of the second swing link 234, the rotating shaft 27 is rotatably connected to the base 24, and a rotation driving unit for driving the rotating shaft 27 to rotate is disposed on the base 24; the rotary driving unit comprises a worm wheel 271 fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 27 and a worm 25 rotatably connected with the base 24, and a gear 251 is arranged at the end part of the worm 25; the rack is provided with a bending driving component which is arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotary bracket 30 and is used for driving the second swing rod 234 to swing; the bending driving means includes an arc-shaped rack 36 arranged along a partial section of the circumference of the swing bracket 30, and the arc-shaped rack 36 is located on a moving path of the gear 251 when rotating with the swing bracket 30.

As shown in fig. 9-12, the upper and lower end surfaces of the base 24 are respectively provided with an arc-shaped groove 241, the arc centers of the two arc-shaped grooves 241 are coaxial, the side wall of one of the two bucket-shaped half shells 310 that is spliced with each other is provided with an arc-shaped notch 3101 for accommodating the base 24, the two bucket-shaped half shells 310 are pivoted with the turning bracket 30 and the pivot shaft is coaxial, and the arc centers of the arc-shaped groove 241 and the arc-shaped notch 3101 are located on the pivot axis between the bucket-shaped half shell 310 and the turning bracket 30; when the two bucket-shaped half shells 310 are fastened, the arc edges of the arc notch portions 3101 are just inserted into the two arc grooves 241 in a rotary manner, so that one side of the base 24 is positioned inside the two bucket-shaped half shells 310, and the other side is positioned outside the two bucket-shaped half shells 310, wherein the fixed roller 21, the swing roller 22 and the movable fork roller 23 are positioned on the base 24 inside the two bucket-shaped half shells 310, and the worm wheel 271, the worm 25 and the gear 251 are positioned on the base 24 outside the two bucket-shaped half shells 310; the bottom surface of the base 24 is an arc surface, the conveying device 50 is provided with an installation seat 51, the top surface of the installation seat 51 is an arc surface, the radius of the arc surface of the top surface of the installation seat 51 is consistent with that of the arc surface of the ground of the base 24, and the arc centers of the installation seat and the arc surface are both positioned on the rotating axis of the rotating support 30; a T-shaped groove 242 extending along the contour of the arc surface is formed in the bottom surface of the base 24, a T-shaped slide rail 512 extending along the contour of the arc surface is formed in the top surface of the mounting seat 51, and the T-shaped groove 242 and the T-shaped slide rail 512 form sliding fit; a locking mechanism is further provided between the base 24 and the mounting seat 51, the locking mechanism is configured to lock the base 24 and the mounting seat 51 relatively when the two bucket-shaped half shells 310 are not covered on the base 24, and to release the base 24 and the mounting seat 51 from each other when the two bucket-shaped half shells 310 cover the base 24 so that the base 24 can slide along the T-shaped slide rail 512.

As shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11, the locking mechanism includes a locking block 243 slidably disposed in the base 24 in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the base 24, and a locking groove 513 disposed on the top surface of the T-shaped slide rail 512, a first elastic element 244 is disposed between the locking block 243 and the base 24, the first elastic element 244 is assembled such that its elastic force can drive the locking block 243 to be inserted into the locking groove 513, the locking block 243 extends into the arc-shaped groove 241 on the bottom surface of the base 24, and both sides of a portion of the locking block 243 in the arc-shaped groove 241 are provided with wedge surfaces, a corner of an outer arc edge of the arc-shaped notch 3101 is provided with a wedge driving surface 3102, and when the two bucket-shaped half shells 310 are fastened to each other, the wedge driving surface 3102 can push the locking block 243 to pull the locking block 243 out of the locking groove 513 through the wedge surfaces.

As shown in fig. 7 and 13, a connecting rod 311 is hinged to each of the two bucket-shaped half shells 310, ends of the two connecting rods 311 are hinged to a movable shaft 312, the movable shaft 312 is slidably pivoted to a radial kidney-shaped hole 301 formed in the revolving support 30, and an opening and closing driving element for driving the two bucket-shaped half shells 310 to open and close each other is disposed on the frame; the opening and closing driving element comprises a piston cylinder fixedly connected with the rack in the vertical direction, a piston rod of the piston cylinder is arranged downwards, a C-shaped groove plate 34 is arranged at the end part of the piston rod, a notch of the C-shaped groove plate 34 faces one side of the axis direction of the rotary support 30, and when one pair of bucket-shaped half shells 310 rotate to the lowest position along with the rotary support 30, the movable shafts 312 of the pair of bucket-shaped half shells 310 just rotate to the groove cavities of the C-shaped groove plate 34 along with the rotary support 30; the frame is further provided with a locking ring 35, the locking ring 35 is coaxially arranged with the rotary support 30, a fracture part for avoiding the C-shaped groove plate 34 is arranged at the section of the locking ring 35 corresponding to the C-shaped groove plate 34, and after the movable shaft 312 is separated from the C-shaped groove plate 34, the movable shaft 312 is abutted against the outer annular surface of the locking ring 35 to keep the two bucket-shaped half shells 310 in a closed state.

As shown in fig. 6 and 8, the main air supply pipe 321 and the main air exhaust pipe 322 are coaxially arranged, a slip ring 32 rotatably connected to the main air supply pipe 321 is arranged between the main air supply pipe and the main air supply pipe 321, a first annular cavity 327 is arranged between the slip ring 32 and the main air exhaust pipe 322, a second annular cavity 328 is arranged between the slip ring 32 and the main air exhaust pipe 322, an air inlet is arranged on a pipe wall of the main air supply pipe 321 located in the first annular cavity 327, an air outlet is arranged on a pipe wall of the main air exhaust pipe 322 located in the second annular cavity 328, one of the ports of the three-way reversing valve 324 is communicated with the air inlet/exhaust branch pipe 323, and the other two ports are.

The three-way reversing valve 324 comprises a valve casing 3241 and a valve core 3242, the valve core 3242 is cylindrical, the valve core 3242 is arranged in a cylindrical valve cavity formed in the valve casing 3241 in a sliding mode, a circular groove 3243 is formed in the valve core 3242, a first connector, a second connector and a third connector are formed in the valve casing 3241, the first connector is communicated with the air inlet branch pipe 323, the second connector is communicated with the first annular cavity 327, the third connector is communicated with the second annular cavity 328, the first connector is communicated with the second connector through the circular groove 3243 in the valve core 3242 when the three-way reversing valve 324 is located at a station I, and the first connector is communicated with the third connector through the circular groove 3243 in the valve core 3242 when the three-way reversing valve 324 is located at the.

The valve control mechanism comprises a ball head 325 fixedly connected with a valve core 3242 and a control disc 33 fixedly connected with the frame, a second elastic element 326 is arranged between the valve core 3242 and a valve casing 3241, the second elastic element 326 is assembled to enable the elastic force of the second elastic element to drive the valve core 3242 to communicate a first interface with a third interface, the axis of the control disc 33 is coaxially arranged with the axis of the rotary support 30, one end, facing the valve core 3242, of the control disc 33 is provided with a first sector 331 and a second sector 332, the first sector 331 is arranged closer to the valve core 3242 relative to the second sector 332, the first sector 331 and the second sector 332 are in smooth slope transition, the three-way reversing valve 324 is in a working position I when the ball head 325 is abutted against the first sector 331, and the three-way reversing valve 324 is in a working position II when the ball head 325 is abutted against the second sector 332.

The air inlet branch pipe 323 and the air outlet branch pipe 323 are fixedly connected with the rotary bracket 30, and the main air supply pipe 321 and the main air outlet pipe 322 are fixedly connected with the frame.

As shown in fig. 13, a semicircular notch is respectively formed at the seam of the two bucket-shaped half shells 310, and after the two bucket-shaped half shells 310 are fastened, the semicircular notches form a duct through which the intake/exhaust branch pipes 323 pass.

The specific working process of the steam heating forming device is as follows: when the bending robot moves below the swing frame 30 with the transfer device 50, the heating chamber 31 located at the lowermost position of the swing frame 30 clamps the bending robot 20, then the bending manipulator 20 is overturned, when the heating chamber 31 enters the first section, the air inlet and outlet branch pipe 323 is communicated with the main air supply pipe 321, the heating chamber 31 is filled with high-temperature steam, after the high-temperature steam is heated for a period of time, the gear 251 of the bending manipulator 20 is combined with the arc-shaped rack 36, the bending manipulator 20 bends the wood strip gradually along with the rotation of the rotary bracket 30, when the wood strips are bent into the designated shape, the gear 251 is separated from the arc-shaped rack 36, the rotary bracket 30 is turned over for a certain distance, the exhaust branch pipe 323 is communicated with the exhaust pipe, the high-temperature steam in the heating chamber 31 is exhausted, the wood strips are gradually cooled, when the heating chamber 31 is returned to the lowermost position of the swing frame 30 again, the heating chamber 31 is opened, and the bending robot 20 is separated from the swing frame 30 and is again attached to the transfer device 50.

Example 2

A method of forming wood using the steam heating forming apparatus of example 1, comprising the steps of:

step 1: placing the flat strip on the bending robot 20;

step 2: placing the bending manipulator 20 in a heating chamber 31, and introducing high-temperature steam into the heating chamber 31 to soften the battens, wherein the steam temperature is 120-140 ℃;

and step 3: after the wood strips are heated for 10-20 min by steam, the bending manipulator 20 starts to bend the wood strips, and the bending amplitude is gradually increased along with the increase of the heating time;

and 4, step 4: after the wood strips are heated by steam for 40-60 min, the wood strips are bent into a specified shape, at the moment, the steam in the heating chamber 31 is discharged, the wood strips are cooled gradually in the heating chamber 31, and the bending manipulator 20 keeps the wood strips in a bent state all the time in the cooling process;

and 5: after cooling for 5 to 10min, the bending robot 20 is taken out of the heating chamber 31 and sent to a downstream process.

In step 2, the operation of placing the bending robot 20 in the heating chamber 31 is performed by the transfer device 50 and the swing mechanism.

In the step 2, the operation of introducing the high-temperature steam into the heating chamber 31 is completed by the air inlet and outlet device.

A rotating shaft 27 is fixedly connected to the pivoting end of the second swing link 234, the rotating shaft 27 is rotatably connected to the base 24, and a rotation driving unit for driving the rotating shaft 27 to rotate is arranged on the base 24; the rotary driving unit comprises a worm wheel 271 fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 27 and a worm 25 rotatably connected with the base 24, and a gear 251 is arranged at the end part of the worm 25; the rack is provided with a bending driving component which is arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotary bracket 30 and is used for driving the second swing rod 234 to swing; the bending driving means includes an arc-shaped rack 36 arranged along a partial section of the circumference of the swing bracket 30, and the arc-shaped rack 36 is located on a moving path of the gear 251 when rotating with the swing bracket 30.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention. Structures, devices, and methods of operation not specifically described or illustrated herein are generally practiced in the art without specific recitation or limitation.

Claims

1. A wood heating forming method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1: the bending manipulator (20) comprises a base (24), a fixed roller (21), a swinging roller (22) and a movable fork roller (23), the axes of the fixed roller (21), the swinging roller (22) and the movable fork roller (23) are parallel to each other, the fixed roller (21) is fixedly connected with the base (24), the swinging roller (22) is fixedly connected with a first swinging rod (221), the first swinging rod (221) is pivoted with the base (24), the movable fork roller (23) comprises two roller bodies (231) which are parallel to each other, the two roller bodies (231) are fixedly connected with a lever (232), the middle part of the lever (232) is pivoted with a second swinging rod (234), the second swinging rod (234) is pivoted with the base (24) and the pivot is coaxially arranged with the pivot between the first swinging rod (221) and the base (24), the fixed roller (21) is provided with one, and the swinging roller (22) and the movable fork roller (23) are respectively and symmetrically provided with a pair, the swing roller (22) is provided with a station a and a station b along a swing path, the movable fork roller (23) is provided with a station c and a station d along the swing path, when the swing roller (22) is positioned at the station a and the movable fork roller (23) is positioned at the station c, the straight batten raw material can be inserted among the fixed roller (21), the swing roller (22) and the movable fork roller (23), the fixed roller (21) and the swing roller (22) are positioned on one side of the batten raw material, and the movable fork roller (23) is positioned on the other side of the batten raw material; when the movable fork roller (23) swings from the station c to the station d, the batten raw material can be bent by taking the fixed roller (21) as a fulcrum, the swing roller (22) is driven from the station a to the station b through the batten raw material, the swing roller (22) stops after moving to the station b, and at the moment, the movable fork roller (23) continues swinging to the station d, so that the batten raw material between the swing roller and the fixed roller (21) can be bent into a concave shape, and the batten integrally presents a waist-shaped vase-shaped outline;

step 2: placing the bending manipulator (20) in a heating chamber (31), and introducing high-temperature steam into the heating chamber (31) to soften the battens, wherein the steam temperature is 120-140 ℃;

and step 3: after the wood strips are heated for 10-20 min by steam, the bending manipulator (20) starts to bend the wood strips, and the bending amplitude is gradually increased along with the increase of the heating time;

and 4, step 4: after the wood strips are heated by steam for 40-60 min, the wood strips are bent into a specified shape, at the moment, the steam in the heating chamber (31) is discharged, the wood strips are cooled gradually in the heating chamber (31), and the bending manipulator (20) keeps the wood strips in a bent state all the time in the cooling process;

and 5: and cooling for 5-10 min, taking out the bending manipulator (20) from the heating chamber (31), and sending to a downstream process.

2. The wood thermoforming method as recited in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 2, the operation of placing the bending manipulator (20) in the heating chamber (31) is completed by a conveying device (50) and a rotary mechanism, the rotary mechanism comprises a rotary support (30), the bending manipulator (20) is detachably mounted on the conveying device (50), the conveying device (50) conveys the bending manipulator (20) to translate along a horizontal path, the rotary support (30) is located on the conveying path of the conveying device (50), the rotary support (30) is rotatably connected with the rack along the horizontal axis and the axis direction of the rotary support is vertical to the conveying direction of the conveying device (50), a plurality of heating chambers (31) are circumferentially arranged on the rotary support (30) at intervals, the heating chamber (31) is composed of two bucket-shaped half shells (310) which are opened and closed, and the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) are assembled to be capable of mutually buckling and bending the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) when the bending manipulator (20) moves to the lower part of the rotary support (30) along with the conveying device (50) The bending manipulator (20) is covered in a cavity surrounded by the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) and the bending manipulator (20) is separated from the conveying device (50).

3. The wood thermoforming method as recited in claim 2, characterized in that: in the step 2, the operation of introducing high-temperature steam into the heating chamber (31) is completed by an air inlet and exhaust device, the air inlet and exhaust device comprises a main air supply pipe (321), a main exhaust pipe (322) and a plurality of air inlet and exhaust branch pipes (323), each air inlet and exhaust branch pipe (323) is correspondingly communicated with each heating chamber (31) one by one, a three-way reversing valve (324) is arranged between each air inlet and exhaust branch pipe (323) and the main air supply pipe (321) and between each air inlet and exhaust branch pipe (323) and the main exhaust pipe (322), the three-way reversing valve (324) is provided with a station I and a station II, when the three-way reversing valve (324) is positioned at the station I, the air inlet and exhaust branch pipes (323) are communicated with the main air supply pipe (321), and when the three-way reversing valve (324); the air inlet and exhaust branch pipe (323) and the three-way reversing valve (324) are fixedly connected with the rotary support (30), a valve control mechanism for controlling the three-way reversing valve (324) to switch between the station I and the station II is arranged on the rack, and the valve control mechanism is assembled to enable the three-way reversing valve (324) to be kept at the station I when the heating chamber (31) rotates along with the rotary support (30) in the first section and enable the three-way reversing valve (324) to be kept at the station II when the heating chamber (31) rotates along with the rotary support (30) in the second section.

4. The wood thermoforming method as recited in claim 3, characterized in that: a rotating shaft (27) is fixedly connected to the pivoting end of the second swing rod (234), the rotating shaft (27) is rotatably connected with the base (24), and a rotary driving unit for driving the rotating shaft (27) to rotate is arranged on the base (24); the rotary driving unit comprises a worm wheel (271) fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (27) and a worm (25) rotatably connected with the base (24), and a gear (251) is arranged at the end part of the worm (25); the rack is provided with a bending driving component which is arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotary bracket (30) and is used for driving the second swing rod (234) to swing; the bending driving component comprises an arc-shaped rack (36) arranged along a partial section of the circumferential direction of the rotating bracket (30), and the arc-shaped rack (36) is positioned on a moving path of the gear (251) when rotating along with the rotating bracket (30).

5. The wood thermoforming method as recited in claim 4, characterized in that: the upper end face and the lower end face of the base (24) are respectively provided with an arc-shaped groove (241), the arc centers of the two arc-shaped grooves (241) are coaxial, the side wall of one side of the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) which is spliced with each other is provided with an arc-shaped notch part (3101) for accommodating the base (24), the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) are pivoted with the rotary support (30) and are coaxially arranged through pivots, and the arc centers of the arc-shaped grooves (241) and the arc-shaped notch parts (3101) are positioned on the pivot axis between the bucket-shaped half shells (310) and the rotary support (30); when the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) are buckled, the arc edges of the arc-shaped notch parts (3101) are just inserted into the two arc-shaped grooves (241) in a rotary mode, so that one side of the base (24) is positioned inside the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) and the other side of the base (24) is positioned outside the two bucket-shaped half shells (310), wherein the fixed roller (21), the swing roller (22) and the movable fork roller (23) are positioned on the base (24) inside the two bucket-shaped half shells (310), and the worm wheel (271), the worm (25) and the gear (251) are positioned on the base (24) outside the two bucket-shaped half shells (310); the bottom surface of the base (24) is an arc surface, the conveying device (50) is provided with an installation seat (51), the top surface of the installation seat (51) is an arc surface, the radius of the arc surface of the top surface of the installation seat (51) is consistent with that of the arc surface of the ground of the base (24), and the arc centers of the installation seat and the arc surface are both positioned on the rotating axis of the rotating support (30); a T-shaped groove (242) extending along the contour of the cambered surface is formed in the bottom surface of the base (24), a T-shaped sliding rail (512) extending along the contour of the cambered surface is formed in the top surface of the mounting seat (51), and the T-shaped groove (242) is in sliding fit with the T-shaped sliding rail (512); a locking mechanism is further arranged between the base (24) and the mounting seat (51), the locking mechanism is assembled to lock the base (24) and the mounting seat (51) relatively when the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) are not covered on the base (24), and the locking mechanism can release the base (24) and the mounting seat (51) mutually to enable the base (24) to slide along the T-shaped sliding rail (512) when the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) cover the base (24).

6. The wood thermoforming method as recited in claim 5, characterized in that: the locking mechanism comprises a locking block (243) which is arranged in the base (24) in a sliding way along the direction vertical to the bottom surface of the base (24), and a locking groove (513) arranged on the top surface of the T-shaped sliding rail (512), a first elastic element (244) is arranged between the locking block (243) and the base (24), the first elastic element (244) is assembled to enable the elastic force of the first elastic element to drive the locking block (243) to be inserted into the locking groove (513), the locking block (243) extends into an arc-shaped groove (241) on the bottom surface of the base (24), and the two sides of the part of the locking block (243) in the arc-shaped groove (241) are provided with wedge surfaces, a wedge driving surface (3102) is arranged at the corner of the outer arc edge of the arc-shaped notch part (3101), when the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) are mutually buckled, the wedge driving surface (3102) can push the locking block (243) through the wedge surface to enable the locking block (243) to be drawn out from the locking groove (513).

7. The wood thermoforming method as recited in claim 6, characterized in that: the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) are respectively hinged with a connecting rod (311), the end parts of the two connecting rods (311) are hinged with a movable shaft (312), the movable shaft (312) is in sliding pin joint with a radial waist-shaped hole (301) arranged on the rotary support (30), and an opening and closing driving element for driving the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) to be opened and closed is arranged on the rack; the opening and closing driving element comprises a piston cylinder fixedly connected with the rack in the vertical direction, a piston rod of the piston cylinder is arranged downwards, a C-shaped groove plate (34) is arranged at the end part of the piston rod, a notch of the C-shaped groove plate (34) faces one side of the axis direction of the rotary support (30), and when one pair of bucket-shaped half shells (310) rotate to the lowest position along with the rotary support (30), the movable shafts (312) of the pair of bucket-shaped half shells (310) just rotate to the groove cavities of the C-shaped groove plate (34) along with the rotary support (30); the machine frame is further provided with a locking ring (35), the locking ring (35) and the rotary support (30) are coaxially arranged, a fracture part for avoiding the C-shaped groove plate (34) is arranged in a section of the locking ring (35) corresponding to the C-shaped groove plate (34), and after the movable shaft (312) is separated from the C-shaped groove plate (34), the movable shaft (312) is abutted to the outer ring surface of the locking ring (35) to enable the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) to be kept in a closed state.

8. The wood thermoforming method as recited in claim 7, characterized in that: the main air supply pipe (321) and the main exhaust pipe (322) are coaxially arranged, a sliding ring (32) rotatably connected with the main air supply pipe (321) is arranged between the main air supply pipe and the main exhaust pipe, a first annular cavity (327) is arranged between the sliding ring (32) and the main exhaust pipe (322), a second annular cavity (328) is arranged between the main air supply pipe (321) and the main air supply pipe (321), an air inlet hole is formed in the pipe wall of the main air supply pipe (327) positioned in the first annular cavity (327), an air outlet hole is formed in the pipe wall of the main exhaust pipe (322) positioned in the second annular cavity (328), one interface of the three-way reversing valve (324) is communicated with the air inlet and exhaust branch pipe (323), and the other two interfaces are respectively communicated with the first annular cavity (327; the three-way reversing valve (324) comprises a valve casing (3241) and a valve core (3242), the valve core (3242) is cylindrical, the valve core (3242) is arranged in a cylindrical valve cavity formed in the valve casing (3241) in a sliding mode, a circular groove (3243) is formed in the valve core (3242), a first interface, a second interface and a third interface are arranged on the valve casing (3241), the first interface is communicated with a gas inlet branch pipe (323) and a gas outlet branch pipe (327), the second interface is communicated with a first annular cavity (327), the third interface is communicated with a second annular cavity (328), the first interface is communicated with the second interface through the circular groove (3243) in the valve core (3242) when the three-way reversing valve (324) is located at a station I, and the first interface is communicated with the third interface through the circular groove (3243) in the valve core (3242) when the three-way reversing valve (324.

9. The wood thermoforming method as recited in claim 8, characterized in that: the valve control mechanism comprises a ball head (325) fixedly connected with a valve core (3242) and a control disc (33) fixedly connected with the frame, a second elastic element (326) is arranged between the valve core (3242) and the valve casing (3241), the second elastic element (326) is assembled to enable the elastic force of the second elastic element to drive the valve core (3242) to communicate the first port with the third port, the axis of the control disc (33) and the axis of the rotary support (30) are coaxially arranged, one end, facing the valve core (3242), of the control disc (33) is provided with a first sector (331) and a second sector (332), the first sector (331) is arranged closer to the valve core (3242) relative to the second sector (332), the first sector (331) and the second sector (332) are transited through a smooth inclined plane, when the ball head (325) is abutted against the first sector (331), the three-way reversing valve (324) is positioned at a working position I, when the ball head (325) is abutted with the second sector (332), the three-way reversing valve (324) is in the working position II.

10. The wood thermoforming method as recited in claim 9, characterized in that: each air inlet and outlet branch pipe (323) is fixedly connected with a rotary bracket (30), and the main air supply pipe (321) and the main exhaust pipe (322) are fixedly connected with the frame; the joint of the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) is respectively provided with a semicircular notch, and after the two bucket-shaped half shells (310) are buckled, the two semicircular notches form a pore passage for the air inlet and exhaust branch pipes (323) to pass through.