CN112532541B - Method and device for starting switch - Google Patents
Method and device for starting switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN112532541B CN112532541B CN201910888582.4A CN201910888582A CN112532541B CN 112532541 B CN112532541 B CN 112532541B CN 201910888582 A CN201910888582 A CN 201910888582A CN 112532541 B CN112532541 B CN 112532541B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/10—Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/4401—Bootstrapping
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/50—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wire-line communication networks, e.g. low power modes or reduced link rate
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for starting a switch, which comprise the following steps: initializing a hardware module of a switch, and establishing a memory mapping table; initializing a preset hardware module of the exchange chip, and carrying out two-layer configuration on the preset hardware module; loading an operating system; initializing all hardware modules in the exchange chip based on the initialization result of the preset hardware module of the exchange chip; loading an upper layer application and a preset protocol module of the switch; and configuring hardware table entries and software table entries of each hardware module of the switch based on preset configuration information. Therefore, the two-layer forwarding function of the switch is realized in advance by initializing some hardware modules in the switch chip in advance and performing two-layer configuration, so that the communication between the network nodes is realized. Therefore, the starting of the two-layer forwarding function is accelerated under the condition of ensuring that the function of the switch is not sacrificed, and the communication time between the network nodes is further accelerated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of switches, in particular to a method and a device for opening a switch.
Background
The switch can provide an exclusive electric signal channel for any two accessed network nodes, and the precondition for realizing communication between the network nodes is that the switch is started, but generally, the switch needs a longer time to be started, so that the communication timeliness requirement between the network nodes is greatly influenced.
In the prior art, in order to realize communication between network nodes as soon as possible, a method of shortening the switch-on time is generally adopted. In order to shorten the startup time of the switch, each startup step is optimized, the time of each startup step is shortened, and the overall startup time is shortened. Or in the prior art, the simplified software module in the switch is also adopted, so that the starting time is shortened, which is equivalent to sacrificing the function-taking time, but the starting time is still prolonged after the simplified module is added.
Currently, there is a need for a method that can not only guarantee the function of the switch, but also implement communication between network nodes as soon as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for starting an exchange, so as to implement a method for guaranteeing functions of the exchange and implementing communication between network nodes as soon as possible.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for starting a switch, which comprises the following steps:
initializing a hardware module of a switch, and establishing a memory mapping table;
initializing a preset hardware module of a switching chip, and carrying out two-layer configuration on the preset hardware module;
loading an operating system;
initializing all hardware modules in the exchange chip based on the initialization result of the preset hardware module of the exchange chip;
loading an upper layer application and a preset protocol module of the switch;
and configuring hardware table entries and software table entries of each hardware module of the switch based on preset configuration information.
Optionally, initializing a hardware module of the switch, and establishing a memory mapping table, including:
and starting the Uboot so as to initialize the hardware module of the switch and establish a memory mapping table.
Optionally, the initializing a preset hardware module of the switch chip includes:
determining a hardware module capable of realizing a two-layer forwarding function in a switching chip;
initializing the hardware table entry of the hardware module capable of realizing the two-layer forwarding function.
Optionally, the initializing all hardware modules in the switch chip based on the initialization result of the preset hardware module of the switch chip includes:
initializing a software table entry of a preset hardware module;
initializing hardware table entries and software table entries of other hardware modules in the switching chip; and the other hardware modules in the switching chip comprise modules in the switching chip except the preset hardware module.
Optionally, the configuring the hardware table entry and the software table entry of the switch hardware module based on the preset configuration information includes:
acquiring hardware table entries configured by each hardware module in a switch chip;
and referring to the hardware table entries configured by each hardware module in the switch chip, and configuring the hardware table entries and the software table entries of each hardware module of the switch based on preset configuration information.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a starting device of a switch, which comprises:
the switch initialization module is used for initializing a hardware module of the switch and establishing a memory mapping table;
the first exchange chip initialization module is used for initializing a preset hardware module of an exchange chip and carrying out two-layer configuration on the preset hardware module;
the operating system loading module is used for loading an operating system;
the second exchange chip initialization module is used for initializing all hardware modules in the exchange chip based on the initialization result of the preset hardware module of the exchange chip;
the protocol loading module is used for loading the upper layer application and the preset protocol module of the switch;
and the switch configuration module is used for configuring the hardware table items and the software table items of each hardware module of the switch based on preset configuration information.
Optionally, the initial switch initialization module includes:
and the starting module is used for starting the Uboot so as to initialize the hardware module of the switch and establish a memory mapping table.
Optionally, the first switch chip initialization module includes:
the determining submodule is used for determining a hardware module which can realize a two-layer forwarding function in the switching chip;
the first exchange chip initialization submodule is used for initializing a hardware table entry of a hardware module capable of realizing a two-layer forwarding function.
Optionally, the second switch chip initialization module includes:
the software table entry initialization submodule is used for initializing a software table entry of a preset hardware module;
the second exchange chip initialization submodule is used for initializing hardware table entries and software table entries of other hardware modules in the exchange chip; wherein, other hardware modules in the switching chip include modules in the switching chip except the preset hardware module.
Optionally, the switch configuration module includes:
the obtaining submodule is used for obtaining hardware table entries configured by each hardware module in the switching chip;
and the configuration submodule is used for referring to the hardware table entries configured by each hardware module in the switch chip and configuring the hardware table entries and the software table entries of each hardware of the switch based on preset configuration information.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a device for starting a switch, which comprises the following steps: initializing a hardware module of a switch, and establishing a memory mapping table; initializing a preset hardware module of a switching chip, and carrying out two-layer configuration on the preset hardware module; loading an operating system; initializing all hardware modules in the exchange chip based on the initialization result of the preset hardware module of the exchange chip; loading an upper layer application and a preset protocol module of the switch; and configuring hardware table entries and software table entries of each hardware module of the switch based on preset configuration information. Therefore, the two-layer forwarding function of the switch is realized in advance by initializing some hardware modules in the switch chip in advance and performing two-layer configuration, and the switch chip can realize the two-layer forwarding function of the switch under the condition that the CPU does not complete system start because the switch chip and the CPU of the switch are two independent hardware, so that the communication between network nodes is realized. Therefore, the starting of the two-layer forwarding function is accelerated under the condition of ensuring that the function of the switch is not sacrificed, and the communication time between the network nodes is further accelerated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for starting a switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for starting a switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an initiating apparatus of a switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic flowchart of a method for starting a switch according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where in this embodiment, the method includes:
s101: initializing a hardware module of a switch, and establishing a memory mapping table;
in this embodiment, initializing the hardware module of the switch may be represented by initially configuring the hardware device of the switch, and configuring some basic information for the hardware device of the switch. The hardware devices include, for example: CPU, RAM, flash, I2C/PCIE equipment, etc.
The memory mapping table includes a mapping relationship from a file to a memory.
Initializing hardware equipment of the switch, and establishing a memory mapping table, mainly for establishing a proper software and hardware environment to prepare for loading and running an operating system.
The initialization of the hardware module of the switch and the establishment of the memory mapping table may be performed by various methods, which are not limited in this embodiment.
Preferably, a method of starting the uboot can be adopted to initialize a hardware module of the switch and establish a memory mapping table.
S102: initializing a preset hardware module of a switching chip, and carrying out two-layer configuration on the preset hardware module;
in this embodiment, in order to start the communication function of the switch as soon as possible, the switch chip may be initialized in advance, and two-layer configuration is performed to implement a two-layer forwarding function. After the two-layer forwarding function of the switch is started, communication between network nodes connected with the switch can be realized.
The preset basic module may include all modules of the switch chip, or may be a part of modules in the switch chip, where the preset basic module is a hardware module of the switch chip.
By way of example: the preset basic module comprises: and the modules comprise a switching chip clock, an interrupt module, a port module, a VLAN module, a QoS module, a message analysis module and the like. Carrying out two-layer configuration on a preset basic module, wherein the configured information comprises: port mode, rate, VLAN division, two-layer address table learning capacity, two-layer forwarding capacity parameters, qoS parameters and the like;
it should be noted that, initializing the switch chip is to initialize a hardware table entry of a preset base module of the switch chip.
Through the step of S102, the two-layer forwarding function of the switch is turned on, so that communication between the network nodes can be realized in advance.
However, in order to further shorten the turn-on time, preferably, the preset base module includes a module capable of implementing a layer two forwarding function, that is, only a hardware module capable of implementing the layer two forwarding function is initialized, specifically, S102 includes:
determining a hardware module capable of realizing a two-layer forwarding function in a switching chip;
initializing the hardware table entry of the hardware module capable of realizing the two-layer forwarding function.
By way of example: initialization of a preset hardware module of the switch chip and two-layer configuration of the preset hardware module can be realized in a mode of loading the SDK (Chinese full name: software Development Kit, english full name: software Development Kit).
S103, loading an operating system;
in this embodiment, the operating system may be any operating system supporting the switch to run, and this embodiment is not limited to this, and may be, for example, a Linux system.
The operating system provides an operating platform for switch application software and protocols, and the operating platform comprises process management, memory management, file management and equipment management.
S104: initializing all modules in the exchange chip based on the initialization result of the preset basic module of the exchange chip;
in this embodiment, in S102, some or all of the base modules are initialized, but only the hardware table entries are initialized, and in order to start the switch, the software table entries of the switch still need to be initialized, and for the hardware table entries of some modules that are not initialized, the hardware table entries of some modules need to be initialized.
Specifically, S104 includes:
initializing a software table entry of a preset hardware module;
initializing hardware table entries and software table entries of other modules in the switching chip; and other modules in the switching chip comprise modules except the preset hardware module in the switching chip.
S105: loading an upper layer application and a preset protocol module of the switch;
in this embodiment, the upper layer application and the preset protocol module of the switch are loaded, so that the switch can have richer functions.
The protocol modules can be added or deleted, and a user can set the protocol modules according to requirements.
S106: and configuring hardware table items and software table items of the switch hardware module based on preset configuration information.
In this embodiment, the preset configuration information may be configuration information pre-stored by a user, and based on the configuration information, the hardware of the switch is configured, but the configuration of the hardware of the switch needs to avoid modifying a configured hardware table entry in the switch chip, so as to avoid affecting packet forwarding.
Specifically, S106 includes:
acquiring hardware table entries configured by each hardware module in a switch chip;
and referring to the hardware table entries configured by each hardware module in the switch chip, and configuring the hardware table entries and the software table entries of each hardware module of the switch based on preset configuration information.
The reference to the hardware table entry configured by each hardware module in the switch chip is to avoid modifying the configured information in the switch chip.
In this embodiment, the hardware table entry and the software table entry of the hardware of the switch are configured, and it is necessary to ensure that the hardware table entry and the software table entry are consistent.
It should be noted that the hardware table entry refers to: in order to realize the message forwarding function, relevant data (such as information of a port, a VLAN, an FDB and the like) are stored in some hardware modules of the switch chip, such as a register, a TCAM, a Hash table, a Cache and a Buffer;
the software table entry means: the data stored in the system memory in the running process of the switch comprises the following steps: system running state, protocol running data, upper layer application and exchange chip configuration data and the like.
In this embodiment, a hardware module of a switch is initialized, and a memory mapping table is established; initializing a preset hardware module of a switching chip, and carrying out two-layer configuration on the preset hardware module; loading an operating system; initializing all hardware modules in the exchange chip based on the initialization result of the preset hardware module of the exchange chip; loading an upper layer application and a preset protocol module of the switch; and configuring hardware table entries and software table entries of each hardware module of the switch based on preset configuration information. Therefore, the two-layer forwarding function of the switch is realized in advance by initializing some hardware modules in the switch chip in advance and performing two-layer configuration, and the switch chip can realize the two-layer forwarding function of the switch under the condition that the CPU does not complete system start because the switch chip and the CPU of the switch are two independent hardware, so that the communication between network nodes is realized. Therefore, the starting of the two-layer forwarding function is accelerated under the condition of ensuring that the function of the switch is not sacrificed, and the communication time between the network nodes is further accelerated.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic flowchart of another method for starting a switch according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where in this embodiment, the method includes:
s201: starting uboot;
in this implementation, the purpose of starting the uboot is to initialize a hardware module of the switch and establish a memory mapping table.
S202: loading a switching chip SDK to initialize a preset hardware module of the switching chip and carrying out two-layer configuration on the preset hardware module;
s203: loading an operating system;
s204: initializing a switching chip;
in this embodiment, in S102, some or all of the basic modules are initialized, but only the hardware entries are initialized, in order to start the switch, the software entries of the switch still need to be initialized, and for the modules that are not initialized with the hardware entries, the hardware entries of some modules also need to be initialized.
S205: loading an upper layer application and a preset protocol module of the switch;
s206: configuring a switch;
in this embodiment, the hardware table entries and the software table entries of each hardware module of the switch are configured based on preset configuration information.
In this embodiment, a number of hardware modules in the switch chip are initialized in advance, and two-layer configuration is performed, so that a two-layer forwarding function of the switch is realized in advance, and because the switch chip and the CPU of the switch are two independent hardware, the switch chip can realize the two-layer forwarding function of the switch when the CPU does not complete system startup, thereby realizing communication between network nodes. Therefore, the starting of the two-layer forwarding function is accelerated under the condition of ensuring that the function of the switch is not sacrificed, and the communication time between the network nodes is further accelerated.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of an initiating apparatus of a switch according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, in this embodiment, the apparatus includes:
the switch initialization module 301 is configured to initialize a hardware module of a switch and establish a memory mapping table;
a first switch chip initialization module 302, configured to initialize a preset hardware module of a switch chip and perform two-layer configuration on the preset hardware module;
an operating system loading module 303, configured to load an operating system;
a second switch chip initialization module 304, configured to initialize all hardware modules in the switch chip based on an initialization result of a preset hardware module of the switch chip;
a protocol loading module 305, configured to load an upper layer application and a preset protocol module of the switch;
the switch configuration module 306 is configured to configure hardware entries and software entries of each hardware module of the switch based on preset configuration information.
Optionally, the initial switch initializing module includes:
and the starting module is used for starting the Uboot so as to initialize the hardware module of the switch and establish a memory mapping table.
Optionally, the first switch chip initialization module includes:
the determining submodule is used for determining a hardware module which can realize a two-layer forwarding function in the switching chip;
the first exchange chip initialization submodule is used for initializing a hardware table entry of a hardware module capable of realizing a two-layer forwarding function.
Optionally, the second switch chip initialization module includes:
the software table entry initialization submodule is used for initializing a software table entry of a preset hardware module;
the second exchange chip initialization submodule is used for initializing hardware table entries and software table entries of other hardware modules in the exchange chip; and the other hardware modules in the switching chip comprise modules in the switching chip except the preset hardware module.
Optionally, the switch configuration module includes:
the obtaining submodule is used for obtaining hardware table entries configured by each hardware module in the switching chip;
and the configuration submodule is used for referring to the hardware table entries configured by each hardware module in the switch chip and configuring the hardware table entries and the software table entries of each hardware of the switch based on preset configuration information.
By the device of the embodiment, the two-layer forwarding function of the switch is realized in advance by initializing some hardware modules in the switch chip in advance and performing two-layer configuration, and the switch chip can realize the two-layer forwarding function of the switch under the condition that the CPU does not complete system start because the switch chip and the CPU of the switch are two independent hardware, so that communication between network nodes is realized. Therefore, the starting of the two-layer forwarding function is accelerated under the condition of ensuring that the function of the switch is not sacrificed, and the communication time between the network nodes is further accelerated.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A method for starting a switch, comprising:
initializing a hardware module of a switch, and establishing a memory mapping table;
initializing a hardware table entry of a preset hardware module of a switching chip, and performing two-layer configuration on the preset hardware module; the preset hardware module comprises a module capable of realizing a two-layer forwarding function;
loading an operating system;
initializing a software table entry of a preset hardware module based on an initialization result of the preset hardware module of the switch chip, and initializing hardware table entries and software table entries of other modules in the switch chip;
loading an upper layer application and a preset protocol module of the switch;
and configuring hardware table entries and software table entries of each hardware module of the switch based on preset configuration information.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein initializing a hardware module of a switch and establishing a memory map comprises:
and starting the Uboot to initialize the hardware module of the switch and establish a memory mapping table.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein initializing the default hardware module of the switch chip comprises:
determining a hardware module capable of realizing a two-layer forwarding function in a switching chip;
initializing the hardware table entry of the hardware module capable of realizing the two-layer forwarding function.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein configuring hardware table entries and software table entries of a switch hardware module based on preset configuration information comprises:
acquiring hardware table entries configured for each hardware module in a switch chip;
and referring to the hardware table entries configured by each hardware module in the switching chip, and configuring the hardware table entries and the software table entries of each hardware of the switch based on preset configuration information.
5. An apparatus for starting a switch, the apparatus comprising:
the switch initialization module is used for initializing a hardware module of the switch and establishing a memory mapping table;
the first exchange chip initialization module is used for initializing a hardware table entry of a preset hardware module of an exchange chip and performing two-layer configuration on the preset hardware module; the preset hardware module comprises a module capable of realizing a two-layer forwarding function;
the operating system loading module is used for loading the operating system;
the second exchange chip initialization module is used for initializing the software table entry of the preset hardware module based on the initialization result of the preset hardware module of the exchange chip and initializing the hardware table entry and the software table entry of other modules in the exchange chip;
the protocol loading module is used for loading the upper layer application and the preset protocol module of the switch;
and the switch configuration module is used for configuring the hardware table items and the software table items of each hardware module of the switch based on preset configuration information.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the switch initialization module comprises:
and the starting module is used for starting the Uboot so as to initialize the hardware module of the switch and establish a memory mapping table.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the first switch chip initialization module comprises:
the determining submodule is used for determining a hardware module which can realize a two-layer forwarding function in the switching chip;
the first exchange chip initialization submodule is used for initializing a hardware table entry of a hardware module capable of realizing a two-layer forwarding function.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the switch configuration module comprises:
the obtaining submodule is used for obtaining hardware table entries configured by each hardware module in the switching chip;
and the configuration sub-module is used for referring to the hardware table entries configured by each hardware module in the switch chip and configuring the hardware table entries and the software table entries of each hardware of the switch based on preset configuration information.
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| CN106341391A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-18 | 汉柏科技有限公司 | Method capable of quickly transplanting adaptive hardware and firewall |
| CN107547222A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-01-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Upgrade method and device of the single-stage router to cluster routers |
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| CN103532768B (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2017-01-11 | 上海赛治信息技术有限公司 | System and method for realizing quick start of network switch |
| US10031763B1 (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2018-07-24 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Network switch recovery after reboot |
| CN108897583B (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2022-03-25 | 北京东土军悦科技有限公司 | Switch starting method, switch and storage medium |
| CN109284136B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2022-03-11 | 苏州盛科通信股份有限公司 | Method and device for realizing quick restart of switch system |
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| CN107547222A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-01-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Upgrade method and device of the single-stage router to cluster routers |
| CN106341391A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-18 | 汉柏科技有限公司 | Method capable of quickly transplanting adaptive hardware and firewall |
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