CN112532212A

CN112532212A - Pulse generating circuit, pulse generating device and method

Info

Publication number: CN112532212A
Application number: CN202011295430.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 衷兴华
Original assignee: Hangzhou Viatech Medical Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou vena Anke Medical Technology Co., Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-18
Filing date: 2020-11-18
Publication date: 2021-03-19

Abstract

The application provides a pulse generating circuit, a pulse generating device and a pulse generating method, and relates to the technical field of pulse generators. The pulse generating circuit includes: a first switch unit and a charge and discharge unit electrically connected; the first switch unit is used for being electrically connected with a power supply; the charge and discharge unit comprises N charge and discharge electronic units and an N +1 energy storage module which are sequentially and electrically connected, wherein N is an integer and is more than or equal to 1; each charge-discharge electronic unit comprises an energy storage module, a transformer and at least one control switch; the transformer and the control switch of the ith charge-discharge electronic unit are electrically connected with the energy storage module of the ith charge-discharge electronic unit and the energy storage module of the (i + 1) th charge-discharge electronic unit, i is an integer and is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N-1; the first charge-discharge electronic unit and the (N + 1) th energy storage module are respectively electrically connected with two ends of a load. The number of the energy storage modules in the discharge loop can be flexibly adjusted according to actual requirements, and the design pulse voltage is output.

Description

Pulse generating circuit, pulse generating device and method

Technical Field

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of pulse generation, in particular to a pulse generation circuit, a pulse generation device and a pulse generation method.

Background

Pulsed power technology is an electro-physical technology that rapidly compresses, transforms, or directly releases slowly stored energy with a high density to a load. The technology is developed initially, the main application fields of the technology are mainly in military and national defense fields such as particle accelerators, electromagnetic pulse weapons, strong laser generators, novel weapon research and the like, and the rapid development of the pulse power technology is promoted.

In recent years, as the application of pulse power technology is continuously expanded to the fields of medical treatment, environmental science, plasma science, food processing, electromagnetic compatibility detection, biological engineering and the like, the parameter requirements of the pulse power technology are continuously improved. The traditional pulse generating device can only output fixed pulse voltage based on the existing pulse generating circuit and can not flexibly output different pulse voltages.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a pulse generating circuit, a pulse generating apparatus and a method, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing pulse generating circuit cannot flexibly output different pulse voltages.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a pulse generation circuit, including: a first switch unit and a charge and discharge unit electrically connected;

the first switch unit is used for being electrically connected with a power supply;

the charge and discharge unit comprises N charge and discharge electronic units and an N +1 energy storage module which are sequentially and electrically connected, wherein N is an integer and is more than or equal to 1;

each charge-discharge electronic unit comprises an energy storage module, a transformer and at least one control switch;

the transformer and the control switch of the ith charge-discharge electronic unit are electrically connected with the energy storage module of the ith charge-discharge electronic unit and the energy storage module of the (i + 1) th charge-discharge electronic unit, i is an integer and is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N-1;

the first charge-discharge electronic unit and the (N + 1) th energy storage module are respectively electrically connected with two ends of a load;

the control switch of the first switch unit and the control end of the control switch of each charge-discharge electronic unit are electrically connected with the control unit.

In one possible implementation, the transformer comprises two coil windings;

in the two coil windings of the ith charging and discharging electronic unit, the first end and the second end of one coil winding are respectively and electrically connected with the first end of the energy storage module of the ith charging and discharging electronic unit and the second end of the energy storage module of the (i + 1) th charging and discharging electronic unit; the first end and the second end of the other coil winding are respectively and electrically connected with the second end of the energy storage module of the ith charging and discharging electronic unit and the first end of the energy storage module of the (i + 1) th charging and discharging electronic unit;

and the second ends of the two coil windings of the Nth charging and discharging electronic unit are respectively and electrically connected with the first end and the second end of the (N + 1) th energy storage module.

In one possible implementation manner, the winding directions of the two coil windings are the same, and the number of turns of the coil windings is equal.

In one possible implementation, each charge-discharge electronic unit includes a first control switch and a second control switch;

in the ith charging and discharging electronic unit, a first end and a second end of a first control switch are respectively and electrically connected with a first end of an energy storage module of the ith charging and discharging electronic unit and a second end of an energy storage module of the (i + 1) th charging and discharging electronic unit; the first end and the second end of the second control switch are respectively and electrically connected with the second end of the energy storage module of the ith charging and discharging electronic unit and the first end of the energy storage module of the (i + 1) th charging and discharging electronic unit;

the second end of the first control switch and the second end of the second control switch of the Nth charging and discharging electronic unit are respectively and electrically connected with the two ends of the (N + 1) th energy storage module;

the control ends of the first control switch and the second control switch are electrically connected with the control unit.

In one possible implementation, the first switching unit includes: a third control switch and a fourth control switch;

the first end of the third control switch is used for being electrically connected with the first end of the power supply, and the second end of the third control switch is electrically connected with the first end of the energy storage module of the first charge-discharge electronic unit;

the first end of the fourth control switch is used for being electrically connected with the second end of the power supply and the load, and the second end of the fourth control switch is electrically connected with the second end of the energy storage module of the first charge-discharge electronic unit;

and the control ends of the third control switch and the fourth control switch are electrically connected with the control unit.

In one possible implementation, the first switching unit further includes: a fifth control switch;

the first end and the second end of the fifth control switch are respectively and electrically connected with the second end of the third control switch and the first end of the fourth control switch;

and the control end of the fifth control switch is electrically connected with the control unit.

In one possible implementation, the pulse generating circuit further includes: a second switching unit;

the second switch unit comprises a sixth control switch and/or a seventh control switch;

the first end of the sixth control switch and the first end of the seventh control switch are respectively and electrically connected with the two ends of the (N + 1) th energy storage module;

the second end of the sixth control switch and the second end of the seventh control switch are both electrically connected with the load;

and the control ends of the sixth control switch and the seventh control switch are electrically connected with the control unit.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a pulse generating apparatus, including: a control unit and a pulse generating circuit as in the first aspect;

the control unit is electrically connected with the control switch of the first switch unit and the control ends of the control switches of the charge-discharge electronic units and is used for controlling the control switches of the charge-discharge electronic units to be disconnected in a charging stage, so that the energy storage modules of the charge-discharge electronic units and the (N + 1) th energy storage module are connected in parallel, and the first switch unit controls the power supply to charge the charge-discharge electronic units; in the discharging stage, the first switch unit is controlled to disconnect the electric connection between each charge-discharge electronic unit and the power supply, and the control switches of the charge-discharge electronic units control one energy storage module to discharge or the preset energy storage modules to discharge in series, so that the charge-discharge units output the designed pulse voltage to the load.

In one possible implementation, the pulse voltage is designed as the product of the number of energy storage modules connected in series during the discharge phase and the supply voltage.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a pulse generating method applied to the pulse generating circuit of the first aspect, including:

in the charging stage, the control switches of the charge and discharge electronic units are controlled to be switched off, so that the energy storage modules of the charge and discharge electronic units are connected in parallel with the (N + 1) th energy storage module, and the first switch unit controls the power supply to charge the charge and discharge electronic units;

in the discharging stage, the first switch unit is controlled to disconnect the electric connection between each charge-discharge electronic unit and the power supply, and the control switches of the charge-discharge electronic units control one energy storage module to discharge or the preset energy storage modules to discharge in series, so that the charge-discharge units output the designed pulse voltage to the load.

In one possible implementation manner, in the discharging stage, the controlling the first switch unit to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge-discharge electronic unit and the power supply, and the controlling switch of each charge-discharge electronic unit controls one energy storage module to discharge or the predetermined energy storage modules to discharge in series, so that the charge-discharge unit outputs the designed pulse voltage to the load, includes:

in the first discharging mode, the first switch units are controlled to disconnect the electric connection between each charging and discharging electronic unit and the power supply, the first control switches of the odd-numbered charging and discharging electronic units are controlled to be connected, the second control switches of the odd-numbered charging and discharging electronic units are controlled to be disconnected, the first control switches of the even-numbered charging and discharging electronic units are controlled to be connected, all the energy storage modules are connected in series, and the designed pulse voltage with the first polarity is output to the load.

In one possible implementation manner, in the discharging stage, the controlling the first switch unit to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge-discharge electronic unit and the power supply, and the controlling switch of each charge-discharge electronic unit controls one energy storage module or a predetermined energy storage module to be connected in series, so that the charge-discharge unit outputs the designed pulse voltage to the load, includes:

in the second discharging mode, the first switch unit is controlled to disconnect the electric connection between each charging and discharging electronic unit and the power supply, the second control switches of the odd-numbered charging and discharging electronic units are controlled to be connected, the first control switches are controlled to be disconnected, the second control switches of the even-numbered charging and discharging electronic units are controlled to be disconnected, the first control switches are controlled to be connected, all the energy storage modules are connected in series, and the design pulse voltage with the second polarity is output to the load.

In one possible implementation manner, in the charging stage, the controlling, by the first switching unit, the power supply to charge each of the charge and discharge electronic units includes:

controlling the third control switch and the fourth control switch in the first switch unit to be on and controlling the fifth control switch in the first switch unit to be off so that two ends of the energy storage module of the first charge-discharge electronic unit are electrically connected with two ends of the power supply;

and in a first discharging mode, controlling the first switch unit to disconnect the electric connection between each charging and discharging electronic unit and the power supply, and the method comprises the following steps:

and controlling the third control switch and the fifth control switch in the first switch unit to be disconnected, and controlling the fourth control switch in the first switch unit to be connected, so that each charge-discharge electronic unit is electrically disconnected with the power supply.

and in a second discharging mode, controlling the first switch unit to disconnect the electric connection between each charging and discharging electronic unit and the power supply, and the method comprises the following steps:

and controlling the third control switch and the fourth control switch in the first switch unit to be disconnected, and controlling the fifth control switch in the first switch unit to be connected, so that each charge-discharge electronic unit is electrically disconnected with the power supply.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

the charge and discharge unit of the pulse generation circuit comprises N charge and discharge electronic units and an N +1 energy storage module which are sequentially and electrically connected, and the charge and discharge of the charge and discharge unit can be realized by controlling the control switch of the first switch unit and the control switches of the charge and discharge electronic units through the control unit. In the discharging stage, the first switch unit is controlled to disconnect the electric connection between each charge-discharge electronic unit and the power supply, and the control switches of the charge-discharge electronic units control one energy storage module to discharge or the preset energy storage modules to discharge in series, so that the charge-discharge units output a designed pulse voltage to the load, wherein the designed pulse voltage is any one of various different pulse voltages. Due to the fact that the number of the energy storage modules in the discharging loop is different, the charging and discharging unit correspondingly outputs different pulse voltages to the load, the number of the energy storage modules in the discharging loop can be flexibly adjusted according to actual requirements, and design pulse voltages are output.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a pulse generating circuit, a power supply and a load electrically connected according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulse generating device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a pulse generation method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of FIG. 1 at a charging stage;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the circuit configuration of FIG. 1 in a first discharge mode;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the circuit configuration of FIG. 1 in a second discharge mode;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of FIG. 1 in a non-operational stage;

fig. 8 is a timing diagram illustrating a switching state of each control switch in a pulse generating circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an inductive isolation operation of a transformer in a pulse generating circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a pulse generating circuit outputting a typical square wave pulse according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

11a and 11b are partial schematic diagrams illustrating a pulse generating circuit outputting a positive polarity pulse rising edge and a negative polarity pulse rising edge according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 12a and 12b are schematic diagrams illustrating a pulse generating circuit outputting positive polarity pulses and negative polarity pulses with different widths according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Reference numerals:

10-a pulse generating circuit;

20-a power supply;

110-a first switching unit, 111-a third control switch, 112-a fourth control switch, 113-a fifth control switch;

120-a charging and discharging electronic unit, 121-an energy storage module, 122-a transformer, 123-a first control switch, 124-a second control switch and 130-an (N + 1) th energy storage module;

140-second switch unit, 141-sixth control switch, 142-seventh control switch;

30-load;

40-a control unit.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

It will be understood by those within the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes all or any element and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The following describes the technical solutions of the present application and how to solve the above technical problems with specific embodiments. The following several specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. Embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiment of the present application provides a pulse generating circuit 10, and as shown in fig. 1, the pulse generating circuit 10 includes: a first switch unit 110 and a charge and discharge unit electrically connected.

The first switching unit 110 is used to electrically connect with the power supply 20.

The charge and discharge unit comprises N charge and discharge electronic units 120 and an N +1 energy storage module 130 which are electrically connected in sequence, wherein N is an integer and is more than or equal to 1.

Each of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 includes an energy storage module 121, a transformer 122, and at least one control switch.

The transformer 122 and the control switch of the ith charge-discharge electronic unit 120 are electrically connected with the energy storage module 121 of the ith charge-discharge electronic unit 120 and the energy storage module 121 of the (i + 1) th charge-discharge electronic unit 120, wherein i is an integer and is not less than 1 and not more than N-1.

The first charge-discharge electronic unit 120 and the (N + 1) th energy storage module 130 are electrically connected to two ends of the load 30.

The control terminals of the control switch of the first switch unit 110 and the control switch of each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 are electrically connected to the control unit 40.

In the embodiment of the present application, the control unit 40 may control the control switch of the first switch unit 110 and the control switches of the charge and discharge electronic units to realize the charge and discharge of the charge and discharge units. In the discharging stage, the first switch unit 110 is controlled to disconnect the electric connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the power supply 20, and the control switch of each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 controls one energy storage module 121 to discharge or the predetermined energy storage modules 121 to discharge in series, so as to output a designed pulse voltage, wherein the designed pulse voltage is any one of a plurality of different pulse voltages. Due to the difference of the number of the energy storage modules 121 in the discharging loop in the embodiment of the application, the charging and discharging unit can correspondingly output different pulse voltages to the load 30, so that the number of the energy storage modules 121 in the discharging loop can be flexibly adjusted according to actual requirements, and the designed pulse voltages are output.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 1, power supply V_DCPower supply 20 is shown, power supply 20 being a dc power supply.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the transformer 122 includes two coil windings.

In the two coil windings of the ith charge-discharge electronic unit 120, the first end and the second end of one coil winding are respectively electrically connected with the first end of the energy storage module 121 of the ith charge-discharge electronic unit 120 and the second end of the energy storage module 121 of the (i + 1) th charge-discharge electronic unit 120; the first end and the second end of the other coil winding are respectively electrically connected to the second end of the energy storage module 121 of the ith charge-discharge electronic unit 120 and the first end of the energy storage module 121 of the (i + 1) th charge-discharge electronic unit 120.

Second ends of the two coil windings of the nth charge-discharge electronic unit 120 are electrically connected to the first end and the second end of the (N + 1) th energy storage module 130, respectively.

Alternatively, the energy storage modules 121 may include at least one capacitor, and in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, each energy storage module 121 includes one capacitor, the first terminal of the energy storage module 121 is a positive electrode of the capacitor, and the second terminal of the energy storage module 121 is a negative electrode of the capacitor.

In some embodiments, the two coil windings are wound in the same direction, and the number of turns of the coil windings is equal.

Optionally, referring to fig. 1, as an example, N is 3, the charge and discharge unit includes three charge and discharge electronic units 120 and an N +1 energy storage module 130, which are electrically connected in sequence, and the N +1 energy storage module 130 is a fourth energy storage module. The energy storage modules 121 of the first, second and third charge-discharge

electronic units

120, 120 are capacitors C₁Capacitor C₂Capacitor C₃，C₄An N +1 th energy storage module 130, i.e., a fourth energy storage module 130, is shown.

Coil winding T_{1_1}Coil winding T_{1_2}Two coil windings, coil winding T, of the transformer 122 of the first charge-discharge electronic unit 120, respectively_{2_2}Coil winding T_{2_1}Two coil windings, coil winding T, of the transformer 122 of the second charge-discharge electronic unit 120, respectively_{3_1}Coil winding T_{3_2}Two coil windings of the transformer 122 of the first charge-discharge electronic unit 120, respectively.

Optionally, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, a structure that the charge and discharge unit includes three charge and discharge electronic units 120 is shown, and similarly, in other embodiments, the charge and discharge unit may include one, two, or more than three charge and discharge electronic units 120.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, each of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 includes a first control switch 123 and a second control switch 124.

In the ith charge-discharge electronic unit 120, a first end and a second end of the first control switch 123 are respectively electrically connected with a first end of the energy storage module 121 of the ith charge-discharge electronic unit 120 and a second end of the energy storage module 121 of the (i + 1) th charge-discharge electronic unit 120; the first end and the second end of the second control switch 124 are electrically connected to the second end of the energy storage module 121 of the ith charge-discharge electronic unit 120 and the first end of the energy storage module 121 of the (i + 1) th charge-discharge electronic unit 120, respectively.

The second end of the first control switch 123 and the second end of the second control switch 124 of the nth charge-discharge electronic unit 120 are electrically connected to two ends of the (N + 1) th energy storage module 130, respectively.

The control terminals of the first control switch 123 and the second control switch 124 are both used for electrically connecting with the control unit 40.

Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the first control switches 123 of the first charge-discharge electronic unit 120, the second charge-discharge electronic unit 120, and the third charge-discharge electronic unit 120 are respectively specifically control switches S_{1_1}Control switch S_{2_2}And a control switch S_{3_1}. The second control switches 124 of the first, second and third charge-discharge

electronic units

120, 120 are respectively a control switch S_{1_2}Control switch S_{2_1}Control switch S_{3_2}。

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the first switching unit 110 includes: a third control switch 111 and a fourth control switch 112.

The first end of the third control switch 111 is electrically connected to the first end of the power supply 20, and the second end is electrically connected to the first end of the energy storage module 121 of the first charge/discharge electronic unit 120.

A first end of the fourth control switch 112 is configured to be electrically connected to a second end of the power supply 20 and the load 30, and a second end of the fourth control switch is electrically connected to a second end of the energy storage module 121 of the first charge/discharge electronic unit 120.

The control terminals of the third control switch 111 and the fourth control switch 112 are both used for electrical connection with the control unit 40.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the first switching unit 110 further includes: a fifth control switch 113.

A first terminal and a second terminal of the fifth control switch 113 are electrically connected to the second terminal of the third control switch 111 and the first terminal of the fourth control switch 112, respectively.

The control terminal of the fifth control switch 113 is used for electrical connection with the control unit 40.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 1, switch S is controlled_cControl switch S_{0_1}Control switch S_{0_2}Respectively showing a third control switch 111, a fourth control switch 112 and a fifth control switch 113, a resistor R_LRepresenting the load 30. Control switch S_cIs electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply 20 and controls the switch S_cSecond terminal and capacitor C₁Is electrically connected to the positive electrode of (1). Control switch S_{0_2}First terminal and control switch S_cSecond terminal and capacitor C₁The positive electrodes of the two electrodes are all electrically connected; control switch S_{0_2}And the negative pole of the power supply 20, the control switch S_{0_1}First terminal of (1), resistor R_LAre all electrically connected. Control switch S_{0_1}First terminal of (1), negative electrode of power supply 20, control switch S_{0_2}Second terminal of (1), resistor R_LAre all electrically connected; control switch S_{0_1}Second terminal and capacitor C₁Is electrically connected to the negative electrode of (1).

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the pulse generation circuit 10 further comprises: a second switching unit 140. The second switching unit 140 includes a sixth control switch 141 and/or a seventh control switch 142.

A first end of the sixth control switch 141 and a first end of the seventh control switch 142 are electrically connected to two ends of the (N + 1) th energy storage module 130, respectively.

A second terminal of the sixth control switch 141 and a second terminal of the seventh control switch 142 are both configured to be electrically connected to the load 30.

The control terminals of the sixth control switch 141 and the seventh control switch 142 are both used for electrically connecting with the control unit 40.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 1, the second switching unit 140 includes a control switch S_{4_2}And a control switch S_{4_1}Control switch S_{4_2}Control switch S_{4_1}Respectively, a sixth control switch 141 and a seventh control switch 142.

Control switch S_{4_2}Are respectively connected with a capacitor C₄Negative electrode of (2), resistance R_LIs electrically connected with the second end of the control switch S_{4_1}Are respectively connected with a capacitor C₄Positive electrode of (2), electricityResistance R_LIs electrically connected.

Alternatively, the control switch of the first switching unit 110, the control switch of each of the charge and discharge electronic units 120, and the control switch of the second switching unit 140 may employ MOSFETs.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a pulse generating device, including: a control unit 40 and a pulse generating circuit 10 of any of the embodiments of the present application.

The control unit 40 is electrically connected to the control switch of the first switch unit 110 and the control terminals of the control switches of the charge and discharge electronic units 120, and is configured to control the control switches of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 to be turned off in the charging stage, so that the energy storage modules 121 of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 are connected in parallel with the (N + 1) th energy storage module 130, and the first switch unit 110 controls the power supply 20 to charge the charge and discharge electronic units 120; in the discharging phase, the first switch unit 110 is controlled to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the power supply 20, and the control switch of each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 controls one energy storage module 121 to discharge or the predetermined energy storage modules 121 to discharge in series, so that the charge and discharge units output the designed pulse voltage to the load 30.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 2, the pulse generating circuit 10 is electrically connected to a power source 20 and a load 30, respectively, the power source 20 and the load 30 are external components of the pulse generating circuit 10, the power source 20 supplies power to the pulse generating circuit 10, and the pulse generating circuit 10 outputs a designed pulse voltage to the load 30.

Alternatively, in practical applications, the power source 20 may be a self-contained power source of the pulse generator, or may be an external power source of the pulse generator, and the load 30 may be a self-contained output portion of the pulse generator, or may be an external component of the pulse generator.

In some embodiments, the design pulse voltage is the product of the number of energy storage modules 121 in series during the discharge phase and the voltage of the power supply 20.

Optionally, the control unit 40 is configured to control the control switch of the first switch unit 110 and the control switch of each charge/discharge electronic unit 120 according to the design pulse voltage to be output, so as to form a discharge loop with a predetermined number of energy storage modules 121, so that the charge/discharge unit outputs the design pulse voltage to the load 30.

Alternatively, the control unit 40 is configured to control the control switch of the first switch unit 110 and the control switches of the charge and discharge electronic units 120, so as to connect the terminals with different polarities of the energy storage module 121, and may output the design pulse voltage with the first polarity and the design pulse voltage with the second polarity to the load 30.

Alternatively, the control unit 40 employs an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array).

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a pulse generating method, which is applied to the pulse generating circuit 10 of any embodiment of the present application, and includes:

step S301, in the charging phase, the control switches of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 are controlled to be turned off, so that the energy storage modules 121 and the (N + 1) th energy storage module 130 of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 are connected in parallel, and the first switch unit 110 controls the power supply 20 to charge the charge and discharge electronic units 120.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 4, taking the circuit structure of fig. 1 as an example, a charging circuit in a charging phase is shown, in which a solid line and a connected component form the charging circuit, and a dotted line and a connected component do not participate in the charging phase and are in an open state.

Step S302, in the discharging stage, the first switch unit 110 is controlled to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the power supply 20, and the control switches of each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 control one energy storage module 121 to discharge or the predetermined energy storage modules 121 to discharge in series, so that the charge and discharge units output the designed pulse voltage to the load 30.

Optionally, according to the design pulse voltage to be output, the number of the energy storage modules 121 in the discharge loop is such that the charge and discharge unit outputs the design pulse voltage to the load 30.

Alternatively, the charging phase of step S301 and the discharging phase of step S302 may be performed in a cycle in sequence.

In some embodiments, in the discharging phase, controlling the first switch unit 110 to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the power source 20, and controlling one energy storage module 121 to discharge or a predetermined energy storage module 121 to discharge in series through the control switch of each charge and discharge electronic unit 120, so that the charge and discharge units output a designed pulse voltage to the load 30 includes:

in the first discharging mode, the first switch unit 110 is controlled to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the power supply 20, the first control switches 123 of the odd-numbered charge and discharge electronic units 120 are controlled to be turned on and the second control switches 124 are controlled to be turned off, and the first control switches 123 of the even-numbered charge and discharge electronic units 120 are controlled to be turned off and the second control switches 124 are controlled to be turned on, so that all the energy storage modules 121 are connected in series, and the designed pulse voltage with the first polarity is output to the load 30.

Optionally, in the first discharging mode, the sixth control switch 141 of the second switching unit 140 is controlled to be turned off, and the seventh control switch 142 is controlled to be turned on, so as to form a discharging loop, so that all the energy storage modules 121 are connected in series, and the designed pulse voltage of the first polarity is output to the load 30.

In some embodiments, in the discharging phase, controlling the first switch unit 110 to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the power source 20, and controlling one energy storage module 121 or a predetermined energy storage module 121 to be connected in series through the control switch of each charge and discharge electronic unit 120, so that the charge and discharge unit outputs a designed pulse voltage to the load 30 includes:

in the second discharging mode, the first switch unit 110 is controlled to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the power supply 20, the second control switches 124 of the odd-numbered charge and discharge electronic units 120 are controlled to be turned on and the first control switches 123 are controlled to be turned off, and the second control switches 124 of the even-numbered charge and discharge electronic units 120 are controlled to be turned off and the first control switches 123 are controlled to be turned on, so that all the energy storage modules 121 are connected in series, and the designed pulse voltage of the second polarity is output to the load 30.

In some embodiments, in the charging phase, the controlling, by the first switching unit 110, the power supply 20 to charge each of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 includes:

controlling the third control switch 111 and the fourth control switch 112 in the first switch unit 110 to be turned on, and controlling the fifth control switch 113 in the first switch unit 110 to be turned off, so that two ends of the energy storage module 121 of the first charge-discharge electronic unit 120 are electrically connected with two ends of the power supply 20;

and, in the first discharging mode, controlling the first switching unit 110 to disconnect the electrical connection between each of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 and the power supply 20, including:

the third control switch 111 and the fifth control switch 113 in the first switch unit 110 are controlled to be turned off, and the fourth control switch 112 in the first switch unit 110 is controlled to be turned on, so that each of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 is electrically disconnected from the power supply 20.

and in the second discharging mode, controlling the first switching unit 110 to disconnect the electrical connection between each of the charging and discharging electronic units 120 and the power supply 20 includes:

the third control switch 111 and the fourth control switch 112 in the first switch unit 110 are controlled to be turned off, and the fifth control switch 113 in the first switch unit 110 is controlled to be turned on, so that each of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 is electrically disconnected from the power supply 20.

Optionally, in the first discharge mode, the method further includes: the sixth control switch 141 of the second switching unit 140 is controlled to be turned off, and the seventh control switch 142 is controlled to be turned on, so that all the energy storage modules 121 are connected in series, and the designed pulse voltage of the first polarity is output to the load 30.

Optionally, in the second discharge mode, the method further includes: the sixth control switch 141 of the second switching unit 140 is controlled to be turned on, and the seventh control switch 142 is controlled to be turned off, so that all the energy storage modules 121 are connected in series, and the designed pulse voltage of the second polarity is output to the load 30.

Optionally, the pulse generation method further comprises:

in the non-operating stage, the first switch unit 110 is controlled to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the power supply 20, and each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 is controlled to disconnect the electrical connection with the load 30.

Alternatively, the non-operating phase corresponds to a phase in which the output pulse voltage is 0 in the discharging phase.

Optionally, in the non-operating phase, controlling the first switch unit 110 to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the power supply 20, and controlling each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 to disconnect the electrical connection with the load 30 includes:

the control unit 40 controls the third control switch 111 and the fifth control switch 113 of the first switch unit 110 to be turned off, and the fourth control switch 112 to be turned on, so that each of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 is electrically disconnected from the power supply 20;

the control unit 40 controls the first control switch 123 of each of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 to be turned off, and controls the second control switch 124 of each of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 to be turned on, so that each of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 is electrically disconnected from the load 30.

Optionally, in the non-operating stage, the controlling the charging and discharging electronic units 120 to be electrically disconnected from the load 30 further includes:

the control unit 40 controls the sixth control switch 141 of the second switching unit 140 to be turned off and the seventh control switch 142 to be turned on.

Alternatively, as an example, fig. 4 to 7 show circuit configurations of a charge phase, a discharge phase, and a non-operation phase; FIG. 8 shows t₀To t₆In the timing chart of the switching state of each control switch at the time, Charging Mode indicates the Charging stage, Discharging Mode indicates the Discharging stage, and the relationship between the polarity and amplitude of the output waveform of the load 30 is shown. An embodiment of the present application will be further specifically described with reference to fig. 4 to 8 and table i.

TABLE 1 pulse generating circuit switch state and output pulse polarity and amplitude

In table one, a 1 in the switch state indicates that the control switch is on, and a 0 indicates that the control switch is off. Output amplitude of 4V_SDirect current power supply V with 4 times of pulse voltage_DSThe voltage of (1) is a design pulse voltage of positive polarity; -4V_SDirect current power supply V with 4 times of pulse voltage_DSThe voltage of (2) is a negative polarity design pulse voltage.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, the control unit 40 controls the control switch S_{1_1}Control switch S_{2_2}Control switch S_{3_1}Control switch S_{1_2}Control switch S_{2_1}Control switch S_{3_2}Is disconnected so that the capacitance C₁Capacitor C₂Capacitor C₃And a capacitor C₄Are all connected in parallel, control switch S_cAnd a control switch S_{0_1}Are all conducted to control the switch S_{0_2}Cut off, power supply V_DCTo the capacitor C₁Capacitor C₂Capacitor C₃And a capacitor C₄Are charged.

Alternatively, the control unit 40 controls both the sixth control switch 141 and the seventh control switch 142 of the second switching unit 140 to be turned off, so that each of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 is disconnected from the load 30. Referring to fig. 4, the control unit 40 controls the control switch S_{4_2}And a control switch S_{4_1}Cut off to make each charge-discharge electronic unit 120 and the resistor R_LThe connection is broken.

Alternatively, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 8 in combination, at t₀-t₁Stage, charging stage, DC power supply V_DCBy controlling switch S_CControl switch S_{0_1}The reverse diode and the co-wound transformer 122 charge a capacitor in parallel; each capacitor parallel charging voltage value is a direct current power supply V_DSThe voltage Vs of (b) is different in polarity of charging of the capacitor due to the cross connection between the lead terminal of the transformer 122 and the capacitor, and V_C1＝V_C3＝V_S，V_C2＝V_C4＝―V_S. Wherein, V_C1Is a capacitor C₁Voltage of V_C2Is a capacitor C₂Voltage of V_C3Is electricityContainer C₃Voltage of V_C4Is a capacitor C_C1The voltage of (c).

Optionally, referring to fig. 5, in the first discharging mode, controlling the first switch unit 110 to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the power supply 20, controlling the first control switch 123 of the odd-numbered charge and discharge electronic units 120 to be turned on and the second control switch 124 to be turned off, and controlling the first control switch 123 of the even-numbered charge and discharge electronic units 120 to be turned off and the second control switch 124 to be turned on, so that all the energy storage modules 121 are connected in series, and outputting the design pulse voltage of the first polarity to the load 30 includes:

in the first discharge mode, the control unit 40 controls the control switch S of the first switching unit 110_cControl switch S_{0_2}Switch off, control switch S_{0_1}The first switch unit 110 is turned on to electrically disconnect each of the charge and discharge electronic units 120 from the power supply 20.

The control unit 40 controls the control switch S of each charge/discharge electronic unit 120_{1_1}Control switch S_{2_1}Control switch S_{3_1}Is conducted to control the control switch S_{1_2}Control switch S_{2_2}Control switch S_{3_2}Disconnecting; control switch S for controlling second switch unit 140_{4_2}Switch off, control switch S_{4_1}Is conducted to make the capacitor C₁Capacitor C₂Capacitor C₃And a capacitor C₄The series discharge outputs a design pulse voltage of a first polarity to the load 30.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5 and 8 in combination, the first discharge mode is a 4-times pulse discharge mode: at t₁-t₂Stage, in the first discharge mode, controlling switch S_{0_1}、S_{1_1}、S_{2_1}、S_{3_1}、S_{4_1}Conducting to control the switch S_C、S_{0_2}、S_{1_2}、S_{2_2}、S_{3_2}、S_{4_2}Is disconnected, thereby enabling the capacitor C₁、C₂、C₃、C₄Are connected to serially discharge the load resistor, and the polarity of the pulse output from the pulse generating circuit 10 is positive. At this time, the resistance R_LUpper pulse voltage V_OAs shown in expression (1):

at this time, the switch S is controlled_{0_2}Subjected to a reverse voltage of V_SControl switch S_{1_2}、S_{2_2}、S_{3_2}、S_{4_2}The reverse voltage born by the device is 2V_SThe coil windings of the transformer 122 are in an inductive isolation state. Referring to fig. 9, the voltage across the coil winding is V_SAt the coil winding T_{1_1}Voltage on both sides is V_C2While flowing through the coil winding T_{1_1}Has a current of i₁Due to transformer magnetic induction, will be at the secondary winding T_{1_2}Form a current i₁', and i₁＝-i₁'. And a secondary winding T_{1_2}Voltage at both ends is V during positive discharge_C1Flowing through the coil winding T_{1_2}Has a current of i₂And thus will be in the coil winding T_{1_1}Upper induced current i₂', and i₂＝―i₂'. Because the winding directions of the coil windings of the transformer 122 are the same, the number of turns is 1:1, and V is_C1＝V_C2Thus i₁＝i₂I.e. i₁＝i₂＝―i₁'＝―i₂'. At this time, the coil winding T_{1_1}The current flowing is i_{1_1}＝i₁+i₂' -0, likewise coil winding T_{1_2}The current flowing is also i_{1_2}＝i₂+i₁And' is 0, the current flowing through the transformer 122 is 0.

Optionally, referring to fig. 6, in the second discharging mode, controlling the first switch unit 110 to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the power supply 20, controlling the second control switches 124 of the odd-numbered charge and discharge electronic units 120 to be turned on and the first control switches 123 to be turned off, controlling the second control switches 124 of the even-numbered charge and discharge electronic units 120 to be turned off and the first control switches 123 to be turned on, so that all the energy storage modules 121 are connected in series, and outputting the design pulse voltage of the second polarity to the load 30 includes:

in the first discharge mode, the control unit 40 controls the control switch S of the first switching unit 110_cControl switch S_{0_1}Switch off, control switch S_{0_2}Conducting to make the first switch unit 110 disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the power supply 20;

the control unit 40 controls the control switch S of each charge/discharge electronic unit 120_{1_1}Control switch S_{2_1}Control switch S_{3_1}Cut off and control the control switch S_{1_2}Control switch S_{2_2}Control switch S_{3_2}Conducting; control switch S for controlling second switch unit 140_{4_2}Conducting to control the switch S_{4_1}Is disconnected so that the capacitance C₁Capacitor C₂Capacitor C₃And a capacitor C₄The series discharge outputs a design pulse voltage of the second polarity to the load 30.

Optionally, the design pulse voltage of the first polarity is a design pulse voltage of a positive polarity; the design pulse voltage of the second polarity is a design pulse voltage of a negative polarity.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6 and 8 in combination, the second discharge mode is a 4-times pulse discharge mode, and the principle is similar to that of the first discharge mode.

At t₃-t₄Stage, control switch S_{0_2}、S_{1_2}、S_{2_2}、S_{3_2}、S_{4_2}Conducting to control the switch S_C、S_{1_1}、S_{2_1}、S_{3_1}、S_{4_1}Disconnect capacitor C₁、C₂、C₃、C₄The different polarity ends of the pulse generator are connected, and the polarity of the pulse output by the pulse generator is negative. At this time, the pulse voltage V on the resistor_OAs shown in expression (2): :

at this time, the switch S is controlled_{0_1}Subjected to a reverse voltage of V_SControl switch S_{1_1}、S_{2_1}、S_{3_1}、S_{4_1}The reverse voltage born by the device is 2V_SThe coil windings of the transformer 122 are also in an inductive isolation state.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 7, in the discharging phase when the output pulsating voltage is 0, that is, in the non-operating phase, the controlling the first switching unit 110 to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the power source 20 and to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the load 30 includes:

the control unit 40 controls the control switch S of the first switching unit 110_cAnd a control switch S_{0_2}Switch off, control switch S_{0_1}Conducting to electrically disconnect each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 from the power supply 20;

the control unit 40 controls the control switch S_{1_1}Control switch S_{2_2}Control switch S_{3_1}Switch off, control switch S_{1_2}Control switch S_{2_1}Control switch S_{3_2}Conducting;

the control unit 40 controls the control switch S_{4_2}Switch off, control switch S_{4_1}Conduction is performed to electrically disconnect each charge/discharge electronic unit 120 from the load 30.

Alternatively, as shown in connection with fig. 7 and 8, in the non-operating phase, at t₅-t₆Stage, control switch S_{0_1}、S_{1_2}、S_{2_1}、S_{3_2}、S_{4_1}Conducting to control the switch S_C、S_{0_2}、S_{1_1}、S_{2_2}、S_{3_1}、S_{4_2}Open, there is no capacitance in the discharge loop, so the voltage output across the load 30 is 0.

Optionally, as an example, in the discharging phase, controlling the first switch unit 110 to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit 120 and the power supply 20, and controlling one energy storage module 121 to discharge through the control switch of each charge and discharge electronic unit 120, so that the charge and discharge unit outputs the designed pulse voltage to the load 30 includes:

the control unit 40 controls the control switch S_cControl switch S_{0_2}Control switch S_{1_2}Control switch S_{2_1}Control switch S_{3_2}Control switch S_{4_1}Cut off and control the control switch S_{0_1}Control switch S_{1_1}Control switch S_{2_2}Control switch S_{3_1}Control switch S_{4_2}Conducting to control a capacitor C₁The discharge causes the charge and discharge unit to output a design pulse voltage to the load 30. At this time, the design pulse voltage is Vs.

Optionally, as an example, in the discharging phase, controlling the first switch unit 110 to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge-discharge electronic unit 120 and the power supply 20, and controlling the two energy storage modules 121 to discharge in series through the control switch of each charge-discharge electronic unit 120, so that the charge-discharge unit outputs the designed pulse voltage to the load 30 includes:

the control unit 40 controls the control switch S_cControl switch S_{0_2}Control switch S_{1_2}Control switch S_{2_2}Control switch S_{3_1}Control switch S_{4_2}Cut off and control the control switch S_{0_1}Control switch S_{1_1}Control switch S_{2_1}Control switch S_{3_2}Control switch S_{4_1}Conducting to control a capacitor C₁And a capacitor C₂The series discharge causes the charge and discharge unit to output a design pulse voltage to the load 30. At this time, the design pulse voltage is 2 Vs.

Optionally, when the induction isolation bipolar pulse source of the embodiment of the present application outputs the bipolar square wave and has the maximum amplitude, the output power is the maximum, and each capacitor is in the positive polarity or negative polarity discharge state, so that the main parameters of each element in the circuit can be analyzed in this state, thereby realizing the parameter selection of the whole pulse source design.

When the induction isolation bipolar pulse source works, the induction isolation bipolar pulse source can be regarded as an energy conversion process, namely, the energy of the charging power supply is compressed and superposed and is output to the load resistor R in a short time_LConsidering the losses during energy conversion, the power of the charging source to charge the capacitor should be greater than the average power consumed by the output pulse across the resistor, as shown in expression (3):

wherein, P_sFor charging power supply power, V_oThe voltage drop of the square wave pulse is neglected as the voltage value on the load resistor, R_LIs a load resistance value, t_pFor a single pulse width, f is the frequency at which the bipolar pulse is output.

According to the working principle of the circuit, the maximum pulse voltage V of the load resistor is obtained_oAs shown in expression (4):

V_O＝nV_Sexpression (4)

Therefore, the power of the charging power supply is as shown in expression (5):

the capacitor is used as the energy storage module 121, the rated working voltage and the selection of the capacitance value of the capacitor influence the working performance of the whole circuit, and the maximum charging voltage of each stage of capacitor is V_S. Therefore, the rated working voltage of the capacitor needs to be greater than or equal to V_S. In the discharge process, the capacitors are connected in series and then discharged to the load 30, and the voltage of the capacitors in the discharge process is shown in the expression (6):

τ＝R_LC_eexpression (7)

Wherein, V_tIs the value of the voltage on the capacitor at time t, R_LIs a load resistance value, V_CThe total initial voltage value after connecting n capacitors in series is shown in expression (8):

V_C＝nV_Sexpression (8)

Wherein, C_eThe equivalent capacitance value when n capacitors are in series discharge is obtained, all the capacitors in the circuit have the same capacitance value C, and C is obtained_eAs shown in expression (9):

thus, the following expression (10) is obtained:

in order to ensure that the pulse output by the pulse generating circuit 10 is approximately a square wave, the capacitance value of the capacitor should be as large as possible, and if the top drop of the square wave pulse is less than 5%, that is, t is t_pThen, the pulse voltage amplitude is 0.95 times or more the initial value voltage value, and thus the following expression (11) is obtained:

the minimum capacitance value of the energy storage capacitor needs to satisfy the following condition, as shown in the following expression (12):

in addition, during operation, the maximum reverse withstand voltage of most semiconductor switches is 2V_SThus, when the control switch selects the MOSFET, its maximum drain-source voltage V_DSmaxShould be greater than 2V_S。

In order to verify the basic principle of the pulse generating circuit 10 in the embodiment of the application, a 10-level modular inductive isolation bipolar pulse generating device controlled by an FPGA is developed in the experiment, and a test platform is built. The control signal is transmitted in an isolated mode through the optical fiber, and the anti-interference capacity of the system is improved. The charge and discharge electronic units 120 at all levels are fixed and conductive by copper columns, so that the increase and decrease of the modules are flexible.

The maximum output voltage of the developed pulse generator is +/-6000V, the maximum output square wave pulse width is 1000ns, the load resistance is a non-inductive resistance of 50 omega, the capacitance value of each stage of module is calculated by a formula 15 and is larger than 1.9 muF, and therefore the capacitance is 2 muF. Therefore, the main specification parameters of the pulse generating circuit 10 are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 Experimental parameters

Voltage of charging power supply	VS	0-600V
			Number of module stages	N		10
Output pulse voltage	VO	0-±6000V
			Maximum pulse width	Tp	1000ns
Load resistance	RL	50Ω
			Voltage of unit capacitor after discharge	α	0.9
Energy storage capacitance value of each stage of module	C	2μF

The output voltage of the power supply 20 is 600V, and the maximum output power is 150W. The MOSFET of the control switch has a drain-source breakdown voltage of 1200V and a direct current through 90A, and the pulse current can reach 250A. The capacitance value of the capacitor is 0.1 muF, 20 capacitors are used in parallel, and the total capacitance value is 2 muF. The control unit 40 is an FPGA, the magnetic core adopted by the pulse generating circuit 10 is a nanocrystalline magnetic core PN5017, and the number of turns of the coil winding of the transformer 122 is 40.

Based on the pulse generating device, the output square wave pulse is as shown in fig. 10, because the charging voltage of the power supply 20 is 600V, the pulse amplitude after the superposition output of the 10-level charging and discharging electronic unit 120 is ± 6000V, the pulse width is 1000ns, and the rising edges of the positive pulse and the negative pulse are both around 10ns, as shown in fig. 11a and 11 b.

By adjusting the control signal of the FPGA to control the on and off of the control switch, square wave pulses with different widths can be output, as shown in fig. 11a and 11b, pulses with positive polarity and negative polarity are respectively shown, and the pulse widths are respectively 200ns, 400ns, 600ns, 800ns, and 1000 ns. From fig. 11a and 11b, it can be seen that the pulse generating device has no obvious difference between the rising edge and the falling edge under different pulse widths, and the pulse generating circuit 10 and the device according to the embodiment of the present application can also achieve flexible adjustment of the pulse width.

Based on the above research, the pulse generating circuit 10 and the device in the embodiment of the present application verify the theoretical analysis and simulation result of the inductive isolation bipolar pulse source, and the prototype of the pulse generating circuit 10 and the device can reach the design index, thereby realizing flexible and adjustable output pulse of the pulse generating circuit 10. Meanwhile, the pulse generating circuit 10 according to the embodiment of the present application may have a multi-stage charge/discharge electronic unit 120, and may output a pulse with a higher voltage by increasing the stage number of the charge/discharge electronic unit 120.

The pulse generating circuit 10 and the device of the embodiment of the application are a novel magnetic induction isolation bipolar pulse source, the pulse source adopts a working mode of parallel charging and serial discharging, a 1:1 transformer 122 is adopted to charge a capacitor in a main circuit and isolate instantaneously changing voltage at the discharging time, and the charging and discharging electronic unit 120 can output positive and negative bipolar pulses on the load 30. The feasibility of the pulse source circuit form is verified through theoretical analysis, simulation and physical development and test, and the flexible adjustment of the pulse waveform can be realized. Through the control of the FPGA system, the pulse source can output square wave pulses or step wave pulses with positive polarity, negative polarity and bipolar polarity, and the pulse width, the frequency and the amplitude are also flexible and adjustable. In addition, pulse output with higher voltage and larger pulse width can be realized by changing the charging power of the power supply 20, the types of devices such as the switch capacitor, and the like, and the number of the charging and discharging electronic units 120. Therefore, the pulse generating circuit 10 and the device of the embodiment of the application are verified in theory and experiments, can output multi-level pulses, have flexible and adjustable waveforms, and have good application prospects in the fields of biomedical treatment, plasma generation, electromagnetic compatibility detection, environmental application and the like which need flexible and adjustable waveforms.

Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the various operations, methods, steps in the processes, acts, or solutions discussed in this application can be interchanged, modified, combined, or eliminated. Further, other steps, measures, or schemes in various operations, methods, or flows that have been discussed in this application can be alternated, altered, rearranged, broken down, combined, or deleted. Further, steps, measures, schemes in the prior art having various operations, methods, procedures disclosed in the present application may also be alternated, modified, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.

The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

The terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for ease of description and simplicity of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a fixed orientation, be constructed and operated in a fixed orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. When an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be "directly on" or "under" the other element or intervening elements may be present.

It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the figures are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and may be performed in other orders unless explicitly stated herein. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flow chart of the figure may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, which are not necessarily performed in sequence, but may be performed alternately or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present application, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pulse generating circuit, comprising: a first switch unit and a charge and discharge unit electrically connected;

the control ends of the control switch of the first switch unit and the control switch of each charge-discharge electronic unit are electrically connected with the control unit.

2. The pulse generating circuit of claim 1 wherein the transformer comprises two coil windings;

3. The pulse generating circuit of claim 2, wherein the two coil windings are wound in the same direction and have the same number of turns.

4. The pulse generating circuit according to claim 1, wherein each of the charge and discharge electronic units includes a first control switch and a second control switch;

in the ith charging and discharging electronic unit, a first end and a second end of the first control switch are respectively and electrically connected with a first end of an energy storage module of the ith charging and discharging electronic unit and a second end of an energy storage module of the (i + 1) th charging and discharging electronic unit; the first end and the second end of the second control switch are respectively and electrically connected with the second end of the energy storage module of the ith charging and discharging electronic unit and the first end of the energy storage module of the (i + 1) th charging and discharging electronic unit;

and the control ends of the first control switch and the second control switch are electrically connected with the control unit.

5. The pulse generating circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first switching unit comprises: a third control switch and a fourth control switch;

the first end of the third control switch is electrically connected with the first end of the power supply, and the second end of the third control switch is electrically connected with the first end of the energy storage module of the first charge-discharge electronic unit;

6. The pulse generating circuit according to claim 5, wherein the first switching unit further comprises: a fifth control switch;

7. The pulse generating circuit of claim 1, further comprising: a second switching unit;

the first end of the sixth control switch and the first end of the seventh control switch are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of the (N + 1) th energy storage module;

the second end of the sixth control switch and the second end of the seventh control switch are both used for being electrically connected with the load;

8. An impulse generating device, comprising: a power supply, a control unit and a pulse generating circuit according to any one of claims 1-7;

the control unit is electrically connected with the control switch of the first switch unit and the control end of the control switch of each charge-discharge electronic unit, and is used for controlling the control switches of the charge-discharge electronic units to be disconnected in a charging stage, so that the energy storage modules of the charge-discharge electronic units are connected with the (N + 1) th energy storage module in parallel, and the first switch unit is used for controlling the power supply to charge the charge-discharge electronic units; in the discharging stage, the first switch unit is controlled to disconnect the electric connection between each charge-discharge electronic unit and the power supply, and the control switch of each charge-discharge electronic unit controls one energy storage module to discharge or the preset energy storage modules to discharge in series, so that the charge-discharge unit outputs a designed pulse voltage to a load.

9. The pulse generating apparatus of claim 8, wherein the design pulse voltage is a product of a number of energy storage modules connected in series during a discharge phase and a supply voltage.

10. A pulse generating method applied to a pulse generating circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:

in the charging stage, the control switches of the charge and discharge electronic units are controlled to be switched off, so that the energy storage modules of the charge and discharge electronic units are connected in parallel with the (N + 1) th energy storage module, and the power supply is controlled by the first switch unit to charge the charge and discharge electronic units;

in the discharging stage, the first switch unit is controlled to disconnect the electric connection between each charge-discharge electronic unit and the power supply, and the control switch of each charge-discharge electronic unit controls one energy storage module to discharge or the preset energy storage modules to discharge in series, so that the charge-discharge unit outputs a designed pulse voltage to a load.

11. The pulse generating method according to claim 10, wherein in the discharging phase, the controlling the first switch unit to disconnect the electric connection between each of the charge and discharge electronic units and the power supply, and the controlling switch of each of the charge and discharge electronic units controls one energy storage module to discharge or a predetermined energy storage module to discharge in series, so that the charge and discharge unit outputs a designed pulse voltage to a load, comprises:

in a first discharging mode, the first switch unit is controlled to disconnect the electric connection between each charging and discharging electronic unit and the power supply, the first control switches of the odd-numbered charging and discharging electronic units are controlled to be connected and the second control switches are controlled to be disconnected, the first control switches of the even-numbered charging and discharging electronic units are controlled to be disconnected and the second control switches are controlled to be connected, all the energy storage modules are connected in series, and the designed pulse voltage with the first polarity is output to a load.

12. The pulse generating method according to claim 10, wherein in the discharging phase, the controlling the first switch unit to disconnect the electric connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit and the power supply, and the controlling switch of each charge and discharge electronic unit controls one energy storage module or a predetermined energy storage module to be connected in series, so that the charge and discharge unit outputs a designed pulse voltage to a load comprises:

in a second discharging mode, the first switch unit is controlled to disconnect the electric connection between each charging and discharging electronic unit and the power supply, the second control switches of the odd-numbered charging and discharging electronic units are controlled to be connected and the first control switches are controlled to be disconnected, the second control switches of the even-numbered charging and discharging electronic units are controlled to be disconnected and the first control switches are controlled to be connected, all the energy storage modules are connected in series, and the design pulse voltage with the second polarity is output to the load.

13. The pulse generating method according to claim 11, wherein the controlling the power supply to charge each of the charge/discharge electronic units through the first switching unit in the charging phase comprises:

controlling a third control switch and a fourth control switch in the first switch unit to be on and controlling a fifth control switch in the first switch unit to be off so that two ends of an energy storage module of the first charge-discharge electronic unit are electrically connected with two ends of the power supply;

and in the first discharging mode, controlling the first switch unit to disconnect the electric connection between each charging and discharging electronic unit and the power supply comprises:

and controlling the third control switch and the fifth control switch in the first switch unit to be disconnected, and controlling the fourth control switch in the first switch unit to be connected, so that each charge-discharge electronic unit is electrically connected with the power supply in a disconnected mode.

14. The pulse generating method according to claim 12, wherein the controlling the power supply to charge each of the charge/discharge electronic units through the first switching unit in the charging phase comprises:

and in the second discharge mode, controlling the first switch unit to disconnect the electrical connection between each charge and discharge electronic unit and the power supply comprises:

and controlling the third control switch and the fourth control switch in the first switch unit to be disconnected, and controlling the fifth control switch in the first switch unit to be connected, so that each charge-discharge electronic unit is electrically connected with the power supply in a disconnected mode.