CN112532079A - Constant voltage control compensation circuit of switching power supply - Google Patents

Constant voltage control compensation circuit of switching power supply Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112532079A
CN112532079A CN202011354937.0A CN202011354937A CN112532079A CN 112532079 A CN112532079 A CN 112532079A CN 202011354937 A CN202011354937 A CN 202011354937A CN 112532079 A CN112532079 A CN 112532079A
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voltage
operational amplifier
control
output
offset
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CN112532079B (en
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吴强
李勋
马强
向磊
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Chengdu Chip Rail Microelectronics Co ltd
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Chengdu Chip Rail Microelectronics Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode

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Abstract

The invention discloses a constant voltage control compensation circuit of a switching power supply, and belongs to the technical field of integrated circuits. The circuit comprises a feedback control sub-circuit and an offset control sub-circuit, wherein the feedback control sub-circuit comprises an operational amplifier OP1 and an operational amplifier OP2, a voltage difference between the output voltage of the operational amplifier OP2 and the reverse input end of the operational amplifier OP1 is converted into current, the current is converted into VEA voltage after being shunted, and the VEA voltage is sampled to control output power; the offset control sub-circuit converts the output power into an offset control voltage and inputs the offset control voltage to an operational amplifier OP2, and the operational amplifier OP2 forms the output voltage; and the offset control sub-circuit is connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier OP1 and shunts the current, so that the purpose of improving the output constant voltage control precision, the linear regulation rate and the load regulation rate of the power supply chip is achieved, and the problems that the small load change cannot be sensed and the load regulation rate is compensated, which are possibly brought by a fixed comparison point, are avoided.

Description

Constant voltage control compensation circuit of switching power supply
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of integrated circuits, is applied to a power supply design constant voltage control part, and particularly relates to a constant voltage control compensation circuit of a switching power supply.
Background
In daily life, portable equipment with low power supply voltage is visible everywhere, and the equipment is required to be small in size, low in cost and good in safety.
At present, when a common non-isolated AC/DC switching power supply on the market directly outputs low voltage (especially 3.3V or below), the common precision is not high, and the linear regulation rate (defined as the fluctuation of output voltage along with the linear change of input voltage, namely the source effect or the power grid regulation rate, and the condition is full load) and the load regulation rate (defined as the fluctuation of output voltage along with the change of load, namely the input is rated voltage) are difficult to meet the requirements. Therefore, when the output voltage is low, the LDO or the DC-DC power supply is generally connected behind the AC/DC switching power supply to improve the accuracy of the output voltage so as to meet the requirement of the constant voltage accuracy of the system. However, the multi-stage power supply system is not suitable for miniaturization of the equipment, has high cost, and is not suitable for market popularization.
The common power supply circuit design method comprises the following steps: an output feedback voltage (voltage feedback, abbreviated as VFB) is applied to an analog circuit through an error amplifier, and is a feedback type, if a feedback quantity is in direct proportion to the output voltage, the output feedback voltage is voltage feedback, and a current feedback (abbreviated as CFB) corresponding to the voltage feedback is amplified according to a certain proportion and then compared with an internal fixed reference voltage, so that the external load condition of the current system is judged.
However, as the requirement for the precision of the output voltage is higher, the voltage variation between the heavy load and the no-load is smaller, so that the design requirement for the comparator is higher, and the cost is higher. When the control precision needs to be improved, the control precision needs to be compared with a plurality of reference voltage circuits, and then the control result is calculated, so that the circuit structure is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to solve the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a constant voltage control compensation circuit for a switching power supply, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the constant voltage output control accuracy, the linear adjustment rate and the load adjustment rate of a power chip, and meanwhile, avoid the problems that a small load change may not be sensed and the load adjustment rate is compensated due to a fixed comparison point.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a constant voltage control compensation circuit of a switching power supply, the circuit comprising:
the feedback control sub-circuit comprises an operational amplifier OP1 and an operational amplifier OP2, the voltage difference between the output voltage of the operational amplifier OP2 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier OP1 is converted into current, the current is converted into VEA voltage after being shunted, and the VEA voltage is sampled to control the output power.
Further, the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP2 is serially connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 through a resistor R1, the voltage difference is converted into a current through a resistor R1, and the current is serially connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 through a resistor R2.
Further, the forward input terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the feedback voltage VFB, the reverse input terminal thereof is connected between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 outputs the voltage VEA.
Further, the circuit also includes:
and the offset control subcircuit is used for converting the output power into an offset control voltage, and the offset control voltage is used for controlling the output voltage of the operational amplifier OP2 and the current shunting capacity.
Further, the offset control sub-circuit includes:
and the shunt module is connected with the reverse input end of the operational amplifier OP1 and controls the shunt capacity of the shunt module to the current through the offset control voltage.
Further, the offset control sub-circuit further comprises:
the power amplifier comprises a switched capacitor Sc1 and a switched capacitor Sc2, wherein the input ends of the switched capacitor Sc1 and the switched capacitor Sc2 are both connected with a reference voltage REF2 and an output power control signal; the main effect is to convert the reference voltage to a voltage related to the current output power.
Further, the lower limit voltage clamping end of the switched capacitor Sc2 is connected to the reference voltage REF3 and the zener diode, and the other end of the zener diode is grounded.
Further, the offset control sub-circuit further comprises:
and the offset controller is respectively connected with the output ends of the switched capacitor Sc1 and the switched capacitor Sc2 and outputs an offset control voltage through the offset controller, and the offset control voltage controls the internal offset of the operational amplifier OP2 and the shunting capacity of the shunting module.
Further, an offset input terminal of the operational amplifier OP2 is connected to an offset controller, and receives an offset control voltage through the operational amplifier OP2 and generates the output voltage; the forward input end of the operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the reference voltage REF1, and the reverse input end thereof is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier OP 2.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by adopting the constant voltage control compensation circuit of the switching power supply, the output voltage of the operational amplifier OP2 and the load power matched with the current output power form a linear corresponding relation by adjusting the offset control sub-circuit and the offset resistor in the operational amplifier OP2 with compensation;
the current shunted by the offset control sub-circuit has a linear corresponding relation with the current output power, and the change rate of the shunted current along with the change of the load also reflects the current flowing through the resistor R2, so that the gain of a feedback loop can be further increased, and the load change sensing capability is improved;
the small change of the feedback voltage is amplified through the amplification action, the offset control and the shunt of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 on two sides of the negative input end of the operational amplifier OP1, the feedback voltage is reflected to the VEA voltage and is subjected to voltage sampling, and the output power control result of the next control period is obtained by comparing the sampled voltage with the VE voltage, so that the control circuit has the advantages of high control precision, linearity, high load regulation rate and simple circuit structure;
therefore, the constant voltage control compensation circuit of the switching power supply can be widely used for converting alternating current high voltage into constant low voltage, and meanwhile, the problems that tiny load changes cannot be sensed and the load regulation rate compensation can be caused by fixed comparison points are avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a constant voltage control compensation circuit of a switching power supply according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar modules or modules having the same or similar functionality throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. On the contrary, the embodiments of the application include all changes, modifications and equivalents coming within the spirit and terms of the claims appended hereto.
Interpretation of terms
Reference voltage: one of the circuits is independent of load, power supply, temperature drift, time, etc. and can maintain a constant voltage. The reference voltage may be used in voltage regulators, analog-to-digital converters and digital-to-analog converters of power supply systems, as well as many other measurement and control systems.
Feedback voltage: voltage feedback, VFB for short, is applied in analog circuits and is a kind of feedback, and if the feedback quantity is proportional to the output voltage, it is voltage feedback, and there is Current Feedback (CFB) corresponding to it.
Output power: is the energy provided by the energy source or equipment to the outside in a unit time.
Load power: is the product between the load voltage and the load current.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, to improve the output constant voltage control accuracy, the linear regulation rate and the load regulation rate of the power supply chip, in this embodiment, a switching power supply constant voltage control compensation circuit is specifically provided, and the circuit is mainly divided into two parts, as follows:
feedback control sub-circuit
The feedback control sub-circuit functions as: converting a voltage difference between an output voltage of the operational amplifier OP2 and an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 into a current I1Current I of1The current I after being divided2Is converted into a voltage of VEA and converted into a voltage of VEA,the VEA voltage is sampled to control the output power.
The feedback control sub-circuit comprises an operational amplifier OP1, an operational amplifier OP2, resistors R1 and R2, wherein the forward input end IP of the operational amplifier OP1 is connected with the feedback voltage VFB, the reverse input end IN of the operational amplifier OP1 is connected with a resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the output end A103 of the operational amplifier OP1, the end of the resistor R2 is connected with the output end VEA, and the effect that the current I after being divided is connected with the output end VEA through the resistor R2 is achieved2Converting the voltage into VEA voltage, and sampling the VEA voltage to control the current output power;
the forward input end IP of the operational amplifier OP2 is connected with the reference voltage REF1, the inverting input end IN of the operational amplifier OP2 is connected with the output end A101 of the operational amplifier OP2, the output end A101 of the operational amplifier OP2 is connected IN series with the inverting input end IN of the operational amplifier OP1 through a resistor R1, the resistor R1 is connected with the resistor R2 through a line A102, the line A102 is connected with the inverting input end IN of the operational amplifier OP1, and the voltage difference is converted into the current I through the resistor R11Current I of1Current I ═ current2+ shunt current.
The operational amplifier OP2 is an operational amplifier with offset control, and the offset input OVCT of the operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the offset controller VCFB in the offset control sub-circuit.
② offset control sub-circuit
The offset control sub-circuit has the following functions: generating an offset control voltage by outputting a power control signal and inputting the offset control voltage to an operational amplifier OP2, the output voltage being formed by an operational amplifier OP 2; the offset control sub-circuit is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 and is used for controlling the current I1And (4) splitting.
The offset control sub-circuit comprises: switched capacitor Sc1, switched capacitor Sc2, detuning controller VCFB and shunting module IFB are as follows:
the A1 terminal of the switched capacitor Sc1 is connected to the reference voltage REF2 through the line A105, and the A2 terminal of the switched capacitor Sc1 is connected to the output power control signal OUTP through the line A107.
The A1 end of the switched capacitor Sc2 is connected to the reference voltage REF2 through a line A105, the A2 end of the switched capacitor Sc2 is connected to the input end OUTP through a line A107, and the B2 end of the switched capacitor Sc2 outputs VE voltage through a line A113; meanwhile, the lower limit voltage clamping end C of the switched capacitor Sc2 is connected to the reference voltage REF3 and the voltage stabilizing diode Dz1 through the line A108, the other end of the voltage stabilizing diode Dz1 is grounded, so that the output of the switched capacitor Sc2 has the lowest limit, namely, the voltage output from the output end B1 and the output end B2 of the switched capacitor Sc2 is not lower than the voltage provided by the reference voltage REF3, and meanwhile, the voltage stabilizing diode Dz1 is arranged, and abnormal operation of the circuit caused by overhigh lower limit voltage is prevented.
The offset control voltage of the offset controller VCFB is transmitted to the input terminal of the shunt module IFB and the offset input terminal FB of the operational amplifier OP2 through the line a 111; an input terminal A1 of the detuning controller VCFB is connected to the output terminal of the switched capacitor Sc1 via a line a104, and an input terminal a2 of the detuning controller VCFB is connected to the output terminal B1 of the switched capacitor Sc2 via a line a 109.
The input end of the shunt module IFB is connected to the reverse input end IN of the offset voltage controller VCFB, and the Isoource terminal of the shunt module IFB is connected with a line A102 for controlling the shunt module IFB to control the current I1The shunt capability of (a).
The control principle of the constant voltage control compensation circuit of the switching power supply is explained according to an internal signal path, and the control principle is as follows:
the forward input end IP of the operational amplifier OP1 is connected with the feedback voltage VFB, the reference voltage REF1, the reference voltage REF2 and the reference voltage REF3 are respectively connected with the operational amplifier OP2, the switched capacitor Sc1 and the switched capacitor Sc2, the reference voltage REF1 is controlled by an offset control end OVCT through the output voltage of the offset control operational amplifier OP2, and the offset control end OVCT receives offset control voltage from an offset controller VCFB.
The switched capacitor Sc1 and the switched capacitor Sc2 both receive the reference voltage REF2 and the PWM control waveform containing the current output power information, and the reference voltage REF2 is converted into a voltage signal which changes along with the change of the output power through the periodic charging and charge transfer of the control capacitor.
The reference voltage REF2 and the output power OUTP are converted through the switch capacitor Sc1 and the switch capacitor Sc2The converted voltage signal is output to a detuning controller VCFB, and is converted into detuning control voltage for controlling the detuning voltage inside the operational amplifier OP2 through the detuning controller VCFB, and meanwhile, the detuning control voltage is connected to a shunt module IFB, and is connected to a line a102 through an Isource port of the shunt module IFB, and a current I flowing through a resistor R1 is converted to a current I1And (4) splitting. The principle is as follows: the operational amplifier OP2 converts the voltage difference between the feedback voltage VFB and the line a101 into an output voltage proportional to the current output power, and converts the voltage difference between the feedback voltage VFB and the line a101 into a current I according to an operational amplifier "virtual short" ("virtual short" means that the potentials of the two input terminals are equal in an ideal case, and the two input terminals are short-circuited but not short-circuited in fact, and is called "virtual short")1(ii) a Current I1The voltage is divided into two parts, one part is divided by the dividing module IFB, and the other part flows to the output end of the operational amplifier OP1 from the resistor R2 to form the VEA voltage. The principle is as follows: the output voltages of the switch capacitor Sc1 and the switch capacitor Sc2 pass through the offset controller VCFB to output an offset control voltage (also called offset control voltage), the offset control voltage is in direct proportion to the current output power, the offset control voltage is used for the control voltage of the shunt module IFB, the shunt capacity of the shunt module IFB changes along with the change of the output power, the change slope of the shunt capacity changes on the R2 resistor, the sensing sensitivity of the feedback control sub-circuit to the load change is further improved, the change of the load is amplified and reflected to the output VEA voltage, and the output voltage is output to control the output power.
Based on the above, the feedback voltage VFB, the reference voltage REF1, and the offset control voltage are converted into VEA voltage through the operational amplifier OP1 and the operational amplifier OP2, and the VEA voltage is sampled (the VEA voltage is compared with the VE voltage converted by the output power OUTP after sampling) to determine whether the output power needs to be increased to match the actual load.
In practical application, the following are exemplified: if the feedback voltage VFB is greatly reduced (increased) due to the sudden increase (sudden decrease) of the load in the previous period, and accordingly, the sampled voltage value of the VEA voltage is also reduced (increased), and Vos generated by the switched capacitor Sc1, the switched capacitor Sc2, the offset controller VCFB, and the operational amplifier OP2 are changed due to the increase (decrease) of the output power in the current period, specifically taking the increase of the output power as an example: when the output power is increased, the offset controller VCFB increases the output voltage generated by the operational amplifier OP2 through the offset control voltage, and the shunting capability of the shunting module IFB is also increased, at this time, the output voltage amplifies the change of the output voltage through the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the offset control voltage of the shunting module and reflects the amplified change to the VEA voltage through the resistor R2.
Based on the above, when the output load varies greatly, it may be necessary to pull the feedback voltage VFB high (low) continuously for many cycles until the stable value of the feedback voltage VFB matching the load power is close, thereby making the VEA voltage equal to the VE voltage. At this time, the output power is not increased (decreased) any more, and the output power and the actual load are matched with each other.
The switching power supply constant voltage control compensation circuit that this embodiment provided, under reasonable application, can greatly improve the perception ability of power chip to the load change, through detecting the amplification to the load change, the control feedback control sub-circuit's the proportion of amplification and the shunting ability of shunting module IFB in the maladjustment control sub-circuit are adjustable, and the control accuracy, the load adjustment rate and the linearity that realize the circuit are all higher.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Further, in the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" means at least two unless otherwise specified.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes other implementations in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.
It should be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. A constant voltage control compensation circuit of a switching power supply is characterized by comprising:
the feedback control sub-circuit comprises an operational amplifier OP1 and an operational amplifier OP2, the voltage difference between the output voltage of the operational amplifier OP2 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier OP1 is converted into current, the current is converted into VEA voltage after being shunted, and the VEA voltage is sampled to control the output power.
2. The constant voltage control compensation circuit of claim 1, wherein the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP2 is serially connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 through a resistor R1, the voltage difference is converted into a current through a resistor R1, and then serially connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 through a resistor R2.
3. The constant voltage control compensation circuit of claim 2, wherein the forward input terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the feedback voltage VFB, the reverse input terminal thereof is connected between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 outputs the VEA voltage.
4. The switching power supply constant voltage control compensation circuit according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the offset control subcircuit is used for converting the output power into an offset control voltage, and the offset control voltage is used for controlling the output voltage of the operational amplifier OP2 and the current shunting capacity.
5. The switching power supply constant voltage control compensation circuit according to claim 4, wherein the loss control sub-circuit comprises:
and the shunt module is connected with the reverse input end of the operational amplifier OP1 and controls the shunt capacity of the shunt module to the current through the offset control voltage.
6. The switching power supply constant voltage control compensation circuit according to claim 4, wherein the loss control sub-circuit further comprises:
the power amplifier comprises a switched capacitor Sc1 and a switched capacitor Sc2, wherein the input ends of the switched capacitor Sc1 and the switched capacitor Sc2 are both connected with a reference voltage REF2 and an output power control signal.
7. The switching power supply constant voltage control compensation circuit as claimed in claim 6, wherein the lower voltage clamping terminal of the switched capacitor Sc2 is connected to the reference voltage REF3 and the Zener diode, and the other terminal of the Zener diode is connected to ground.
8. The switching power supply constant voltage control compensation circuit according to claim 5, wherein the loss control sub-circuit further comprises:
and the offset controller is respectively connected with the output ends of the switched capacitor Sc1 and the switched capacitor Sc2 and outputs an offset control voltage through the offset controller, and the offset control voltage controls the internal offset of the operational amplifier OP2 and the shunting capacity of the shunting module.
9. The constant voltage control compensation circuit of claim 8, wherein the offset input terminal of the operational amplifier OP2 is connected to an offset controller, and receives an offset control voltage through an operational amplifier OP2 and generates the output voltage; the forward input end of the operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the reference voltage REF1, and the reverse input end thereof is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier OP 2.
CN202011354937.0A 2020-11-27 2020-11-27 Constant voltage control compensation circuit of switching power supply Active CN112532079B (en)

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Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102545572A (en) * 2010-12-29 2012-07-04 华润矽威科技（上海）有限公司 Capacitor multiplexing soft-start circuit and method
CN202424498U (en) * 2012-01-04 2012-09-05 深圳可立克科技股份有限公司 Protection circuit applicable to PWM (pulse-width modulation) power control circuit
CN102801300A (en) * 2012-08-30 2012-11-28 佛山市南海赛威科技技术有限公司 Primary-side feedback controlled switching power line loss compensating system and method
CN204442161U (en) * 2015-03-25 2015-07-01 王爱新 A kind of reductor power supply circuits

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102545572A (en) * 2010-12-29 2012-07-04 华润矽威科技（上海）有限公司 Capacitor multiplexing soft-start circuit and method
CN202424498U (en) * 2012-01-04 2012-09-05 深圳可立克科技股份有限公司 Protection circuit applicable to PWM (pulse-width modulation) power control circuit
CN102801300A (en) * 2012-08-30 2012-11-28 佛山市南海赛威科技技术有限公司 Primary-side feedback controlled switching power line loss compensating system and method
CN204442161U (en) * 2015-03-25 2015-07-01 王爱新 A kind of reductor power supply circuits

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