CN112531861A - Electric bicycle power lithium battery energy management system - Google Patents

Electric bicycle power lithium battery energy management system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112531861A
CN112531861A CN202011349310.6A CN202011349310A CN112531861A CN 112531861 A CN112531861 A CN 112531861A CN 202011349310 A CN202011349310 A CN 202011349310A CN 112531861 A CN112531861 A CN 112531861A
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China
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module
battery
single battery
lithium battery
electric bicycle
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CN202011349310.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘新华
刘晨晨
王浩
罗嘉譞
高鹏飞
陈国豪
陈一帆
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Priority to CN202011349310.6A priority Critical patent/CN112531861A/en
Publication of CN112531861A publication Critical patent/CN112531861A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/14—Preventing excessive discharging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/36—Arrangements using end-cell switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
    • H02N11/002—Generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/12—Bikes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of lithium batteries, in particular to an energy management system of a power lithium battery of an electric bicycle, which comprises a lithium battery pack, a microcontroller, a thermoelectric generation sheet, an energy storage module, a lighting module, a battery discharge state detection module, a fuse, a position display module of an inferior single battery, a self-power-off module, a single battery internal resistance detection module, an SOC estimation module, a single battery health state judgment module, a redundant single battery selection module, a temperature acquisition module, a current acquisition module and a voltage acquisition module; the lithium battery pack is connected with the illumination module, the SOC estimation module, the single battery internal resistance detection module and the battery discharge state detection module, and the microcontroller is connected with the single battery health state judgment module and the fuse. The system can prompt a user to replace the single batteries with serious loss in time, effectively utilize the energy dissipated by the heat of the batteries, improve the inconsistency among the single batteries, improve the energy utilization rate, prolong the service life of the batteries and ensure safer use.

Description

Electric bicycle power lithium battery energy management system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of lithium batteries, and particularly relates to an energy management system for a power lithium battery of an electric bicycle.
Background
The lithium battery is used as a core component of the lithium battery electric bicycle, has the advantages of high output voltage, high specific energy, stable discharge voltage, wide working temperature range, low self-discharge efficiency, long storage life, no memory effect and the like, has the specific energy 5 times that of a lead-acid storage battery, and cannot cause pollution to the environment.
Although the lithium ion battery has great advantages and wide market prospect, in the using process of the electric bicycle, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the battery pack need to be detected in real time, the phenomena of overcharge, overdischarge, over-temperature, overcurrent and the like of the vehicle-mounted battery are prevented, the battery pack is protected, otherwise, the irreparable and energy dissipation of the lithium battery can be caused, and safety accidents can also happen in severe cases. Most of battery energy management systems equipped for existing electric bicycles in the market at present are simple in structure and limited in function, and have the problems that energy loss is caused by battery heating, instrument panels and the like continue to work when the electric bicycles are not used, certain single batteries of battery packs are seriously lost and cannot be quickly and accurately positioned and replaced, the estimation precision of the state of charge of the batteries is not high, the safety control management is incomplete and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the background art, the invention provides an energy management system for a power lithium battery of an electric bicycle.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an energy management system of a power lithium battery of an electric bicycle comprises a lithium battery pack, an illumination module, a thermoelectric generation piece, a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a temperature acquisition module, a fuse, a battery discharge state detection module, a single battery internal resistance detection module, an SOC estimation module, a redundant single battery selection module, an energy storage module, a self-power-off module, a single battery health state judgment module, a microcontroller and a poor single battery position display module, wherein the illumination module, the thermoelectric generation piece, the voltage acquisition module, the current acquisition module, the temperature acquisition module, the fuse, the battery discharge state detection module, the single battery internal resistance detection module, the SOC estimation module and the redundant single battery selection module are respectively connected with the lithium battery pack; the current acquisition module and the voltage acquisition module are connected in parallel to the SOC estimation module, the SOC estimation module is connected with the redundant single battery selection module, and the controller is respectively connected with the temperature acquisition module, the current acquisition module, the voltage acquisition module, the fuse, the battery discharge state detection module, the single battery health state judgment module, the redundant single battery selection module and the SOC estimation module.
In the above energy management system for the power lithium battery of the electric bicycle, the microcontroller adopts the STM32F407 as a main chip.
In the energy management system for the power lithium battery of the electric bicycle, the redundant single battery selection module adopts an MOS switch array structure and is used for gating the single battery with the non-minimum SOC to access the circuit.
In the energy management system of the power lithium battery of the electric bicycle, the position display module of the inferior single battery adopts an LCD.
In the energy management system of the power lithium battery of the electric bicycle, the thermoelectric generation sheet is selected from TEP1-126T 200.
In the energy management system for the power lithium battery of the electric bicycle, the redundancy single battery selection module selects the MOS switch array, and the redundancy model selects the N +1 type, namely, the most suitable N single batteries are selected for charging and discharging each time.
In the above energy management system for the power lithium battery of the electric bicycle, the lithium battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries and an external connecting plate; each single battery is connected through the solidified external connecting plate, each single battery is placed into the corresponding position of the external connecting plate, and each position is provided with a serial number label.
Compared with the prior art, can indicate the user in time to change the serious battery cell of consume, effectively utilize the battery to send out the energy of heat dissipation and improve the nonconformity problem between the battery cell, improve energy utilization, prolong the life-span of battery, make the use of electric bicycle lithium cell safer simultaneously. When the battery pack is not used, the power supply of the battery pack is automatically cut off, the position of the single battery needing to be replaced is accurately displayed, and the redundant single battery is reasonably selected, so that the energy utilization rate is higher, the safety is higher, the service life of the battery is longer, and the operation of a user is simpler.
1) The thermoelectric generation module is adopted, so that the energy dissipated by battery heating can be effectively reused for illumination, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
2) The invention adopts the self-power-off module, so that the energy supply of the lithium battery pack can be cut off in time when no one uses the electric bicycle, and the energy loss caused by an instrument panel and the like is reduced.
3) The invention adopts the inferior single battery position display module, and can prompt a user to replace the single battery with serious loss in time.
4) According to the invention, the redundant single battery selection module is adopted, and the single battery with higher SOC is gated for power supply through the MOS switch array, so that the damage caused by overcharge and overdischarge can be effectively avoided, and the service life and the energy utilization rate of the lithium battery are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy management system of a power lithium battery of an electric bicycle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The battery that current battery management system exists on the market generates heat and causes energy loss, panel board etc. continue work when electric bicycle is unmanned, some battery cell loss of group battery is serious and can't fix a position the change fast accurately, battery state of charge estimation precision is not high, the imperfect scheduling problem of safety control management, this embodiment can indicate the user in time to change the serious battery cell of consume, effectively utilize the battery to generate heat the energy of dissipation and improve the nonconformity problem between the battery cell, energy utilization is improved, the life-span of extension battery, make the use of electric bicycle lithium cell safer simultaneously.
The embodiment provides an electric bicycle power lithium battery energy management system, including lithium cell group, microcontroller, thermoelectric generation piece, inferior grade battery cell position display module, from outage module and redundant battery cell selection module, lithium cell group and lighting module, SOC estimation module, battery cell internal resistance detection module and battery discharge state detection module are connected, and microcontroller and battery cell health state judge module and fuse are connected. The system also includes an energy storage module for storing electrical energy. The energy storage module is connected with the thermoelectric generation piece and the lighting module and used for supplying power to the lamp of the electric bicycle. The SOC estimation module and the single battery internal resistance detection module are connected with the single battery health state judgment module; and the microcontroller is connected with the inferior single battery position display module. The battery discharge state detection module is connected with the lithium battery pack, the microcontroller and the self-power-off module. And the redundant single battery selection module is connected with the lithium battery pack, the microcontroller and the SOC estimation module. The system further comprises a temperature acquisition module, a current acquisition module and a current acquisition module which are all connected with the lithium battery pack and the microcontroller. The SOC estimation module is connected with the current acquisition module and the voltage acquisition module.
Also, the microcontroller employs STM32F407 as the main chip.
And the redundant single battery selection module adopts an MOS switch array structure and is used for gating the single battery access circuit with non-minimum SOC.
And the inferior single battery position display module adopts an LCD to display and is used for prompting the single battery with serious loss to be replaced in time.
In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 1, the energy management system for the power lithium battery of the electric bicycle comprises a lithium battery pack, a microcontroller, a thermoelectric generation sheet, a inferior single battery position display module, a self-power-off module and a redundant single battery selection module. The lithium battery pack is connected with the lighting module, the battery state of charge (SOC) estimation module, the single battery internal resistance detection module and the battery discharge state detection module, and the microcontroller is connected with the single battery health state judgment module and the fuse. The whole system completes the self-power-off, the position display of inferior single batteries needing to be replaced and the selection of redundant single batteries by utilizing accurate SOC estimation when the battery is heated to generate temperature difference power under the control of the microcontroller and the unmanned electric bicycle is used, so that the energy utilization rate of the whole lithium battery is higher, the service life of the battery is longer and the environmental pollution is less.
The working process of the power lithium battery energy management system of the electric bicycle comprises the following steps:
the lithium cell group can generate heat at the charge-discharge in-process and cause the energy dissipation of heat energy form, and the thermoelectric generation piece is based on the difference in temperature that the battery generated heat and is generated electricity to store gained energy in energy storage module, as electric bicycle lighting system's a part energy source, be connected to lighting module with the lithium cell group simultaneously, supply power to lighting module when the energy of energy storage module is not enough.
The model of the thermoelectric generation piece is selected from TEP1-126T200, the heat absorption surface (hot end) of the thermoelectric generation piece is arranged on the surface of the lithium battery pack, the heat dissipation surface (cold end) of the thermoelectric generation piece is arranged on an iron box outside the battery, and the temperature difference of each position is more fully utilized in a mode of connecting a plurality of thermoelectric generation pieces in series to increase the generated energy, so that the danger caused by excessive heating of the battery is reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved. If the rider forgets to power off the electric bicycle after using the electric bicycle, the instrument panel and the like still work at the moment, so that unnecessary electric energy consumption is caused. The battery discharge state detection module detects the battery discharge state of the lithium battery pack based on the microcontroller, repeatedly and periodically inquires by using a timer of the microcontroller, and automatically cuts off the main power supply to avoid energy waste when no current output exists within three minutes. After the lithium battery pack is repeatedly charged and discharged, one or some battery monomers may be seriously worn, the position of the battery monomer which needs to be replaced is determined to be more complicated, but the whole lithium battery pack is replaced to cause the waste of the battery monomer with good health state, so that the pollution of the battery to the environment is aggravated. In the system of the embodiment, the microcontroller judges the health state of the single battery based on the SOC estimation result and the internal resistance detection result of the single lithium battery, and displays the position of the single battery with serious loss.
The connection of each battery cell in the whole lithium battery pack is completed through the solidified external connecting plate, and the battery cells only need to be put into the corresponding positions to complete the connection, so that the complexity of replacing the battery cells can be greatly reduced. And each position is with the serial number label, and LCD can show the monomer battery serial number that can't continue to use, and the repairmen only need quick simple change corresponding monomer battery. Under the control of the microcontroller, the redundant single battery selection module selects the single battery which is most suitable for charging and discharging based on the SOC estimation result of the single battery, the other single batteries which are not selected continue to be used as standby batteries, the selection process of the most suitable single battery is repeatedly and periodically carried out, and the problems of overcharge, overdischarge and the like caused by inconsistency of the single batteries can be effectively avoided.
The redundant single battery selection module is completed by selecting an MOS switch array, and the redundant model selects an N +1 type, namely, the most suitable N single batteries are selected for charging and discharging each time. The temperature acquisition module, the current acquisition module and the voltage acquisition module are used for acquiring battery parameters of the lithium battery pack and transmitting acquisition results to the microcontroller, the microcontroller judges the safety state of the battery based on the parameters, and when the state is abnormal, the fuse is cut off to ensure safety.
The microcontroller selects STM32F 407. The SOC estimation module completes estimation on the voltage and current acquisition result of the lithium battery pack based on the current acquisition module and the voltage acquisition module.
This embodiment is based on above-mentioned four functions, improves software and hardware and combines with control, makes the use of lithium cell group safer when improving energy utilization, and the battery life is longer, and the repairmen operation is simpler.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. An energy management system of a power lithium battery of an electric bicycle is characterized by comprising a lithium battery pack, an illumination module, a thermoelectric generation piece, a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a temperature acquisition module, a fuse, a battery discharge state detection module, a single battery internal resistance detection module, an SOC estimation module, a redundant single battery selection module, an energy storage module, a self-power-off module, a single battery health state judgment module, a microcontroller and a poor single battery position display module, wherein the illumination module, the thermoelectric generation piece, the voltage acquisition module, the current acquisition module, the temperature acquisition module, the fuse, the battery discharge state detection module, the single battery internal resistance detection module, the SOC estimation module and the redundant single battery selection module are respectively connected with the lithium battery pack; the current acquisition module and the voltage acquisition module are connected in parallel to the SOC estimation module, the SOC estimation module is connected with the redundant single battery selection module, and the controller is respectively connected with the temperature acquisition module, the current acquisition module, the voltage acquisition module, the fuse, the battery discharge state detection module, the single battery health state judgment module, the redundant single battery selection module and the SOC estimation module.
2. The energy management system of the power lithium battery of the electric bicycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microcontroller adopts STM32F407 as a main chip.
3. The energy management system of the power lithium battery of the electric bicycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the redundant single battery selection module adopts an MOS switch array structure for gating the non-minimum SOC single battery access circuit.
4. The energy management system of the power lithium battery of the electric bicycle as recited in claim 1, wherein the inferior cell position display module employs an LCD.
5. The energy management system of the power lithium battery of the electric bicycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermoelectric generation chip is selected from TEP1-126T 200.
6. The energy management system of the power lithium battery of the electric bicycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the redundancy cell selection module is an MOS switch array, and the redundancy model is an N +1 type, i.e., the most suitable N cells are selected for charging and discharging each time.
7. The energy management system of the power lithium battery of the electric bicycle as recited in claim 1, wherein the lithium battery pack comprises a plurality of unit batteries and an external connection board; each single battery is connected through the solidified external connecting plate, each single battery is placed into the corresponding position of the external connecting plate, and each position is provided with a serial number label.
CN202011349310.6A 2020-11-26 2020-11-26 Electric bicycle power lithium battery energy management system Pending CN112531861A (en)

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CN103780158A (en) * 2014-01-21 2014-05-07 中国矿业大学 Power battery waste-heat utilization device of electric vehicle
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CN102355022A (en) * 2011-09-30 2012-02-15 北京国电通网络技术有限公司 Lithium-ion battery pack managing system and method
CN103780158A (en) * 2014-01-21 2014-05-07 中国矿业大学 Power battery waste-heat utilization device of electric vehicle
CN204011597U (en) * 2014-07-31 2014-12-10 广州市明昕通信技术有限公司 A kind of device of storage battery redundancy reprovision group
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