CN112531743A - Virtual power plant power regulation method based on direct-current power distribution technology - Google Patents

Virtual power plant power regulation method based on direct-current power distribution technology Download PDF

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CN112531743A
CN112531743A CN202011439599.0A CN202011439599A CN112531743A CN 112531743 A CN112531743 A CN 112531743A CN 202011439599 A CN202011439599 A CN 202011439599A CN 112531743 A CN112531743 A CN 112531743A
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power
direct current
power plant
virtual
voltage
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CN112531743B (en
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冯斌
张宇童
易潇然
陈谦
李强
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Shenzhen Grid Smart Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Abstract

The invention discloses a virtual power plant power regulation method based on a direct current power distribution technology, which utilizes the direct current voltage control capability of an alternating current-direct current converter connected with a power grid of a virtual power plant, takes direct current bus voltage as a control signal, and each direct current device makes corresponding response to different direct current voltages according to preset response strategies under different direct current voltages, thereby realizing the power regulation function between the virtual power plant and the alternating current power grid. Compared with the prior art, the invention does not depend on a communication network and has plug and play expansion capability.

Description

Virtual power plant power regulation method based on direct-current power distribution technology
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power grid power regulation, in particular to a virtual power plant power regulation method based on a direct current distribution technology.
Background
The virtual power plant organically combines a distributed generator set, a controllable load and a distributed energy storage facility, and realizes a carrier for integrally regulating and controlling various distributed energy sources through a matched regulation and control technology and a communication technology so as to be used as a special power plant to participate in the electric power market and the power grid operation.
The direct current distribution is an extension product of a power electronic technology in the field of intelligent power distribution networks, and is a power generation and supply system network formed by connecting a distributed power supply, an energy storage and load, an alternating current system and a monitoring system in a direct current mode. By means of the direct current network, the source network load storage inside direct current is regarded as a whole, and the source network load storage inside the direct current can be equivalently regarded as a virtual power plant. The AC-DC converter connected with the DC system and the AC system can be regarded as an interface of a DC virtual power plant.
In order to respond to the power demand of a power grid, the traditional virtual power plant needs to realize aggregation and coordination of distributed energy sources such as a distributed power supply, an energy storage device, a controllable load and an electric vehicle through technologies such as information communication and the like, so that the purpose of power adjustment is realized. However, on one hand, the method needs to deploy a relatively complicated communication network, and on the other hand, when the system needs to be expanded, communication, programs and the like need to be updated synchronously, and convenient plug and play cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a virtual power plant power regulation method based on a direct current distribution technology, which aims to: the defects of the prior art are overcome, and the power regulation of the virtual power plant is realized under the condition of no need of a complicated communication network.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a virtual power plant power regulation method based on a direct current distribution technology comprises the following steps:
s1: receiving a virtual power plant power adjustment instruction;
s2: judging whether the virtual power plant needs to be newly increased or reduced to absorb active power from the power grid compared with the power at the current moment, if the virtual power plant needs to be newly increased, executing a step S3, and if the virtual power plant needs to be reduced, skipping to a step S5;
s3: comparison of Δ PxAnd PxmaxOf size, Δ PxAbsorbing active power from the grid for newly added virtual power plants, PxmaxIn addition to the new energy power regulationThe maximum extra absorbable power preset by the virtual power plant is obtained; if Δ Px>PxmaxIncreasing the power absorbed by the virtual power plant from the power grid by the photovoltaic and wind power through separating from the MPPT operation mode; if Δ Px≤PxmaxThen go to step S4;
s4: the method comprises the following steps of dividing a virtual power plant into a plurality of gradients in a power increasing mode, wherein each gradient corresponds to different direct-current bus voltages respectively, and the different direct-current bus voltages correspond to different preset response strategies of each direct-current device;
determination of Δ PxIn the corresponding power adjustment interval, the voltage of the direct current bus is adjusted and increased correspondingly, then the direct current equipment acts according to the voltage of the direct current bus and a preset response strategy, and finally the energy storage system adjusts the power difference to finish the power adjustment;
s5: comparison of Δ PsAnd PsmaxOf size, Δ PsTo reduce the virtual power plant's absorption of active power from the grid, PsmaxA preset maximum additional releasable power for the virtual power plant; if Δ Ps>PsmaxThe virtual power plant does not act any further, but only operates in a state of maximum release; if Δ Ps≤PsmaxThen go to step S6;
s6: the method comprises the following steps of dividing a virtual power plant into a plurality of gradients by power adjustment, wherein each gradient corresponds to different direct-current bus voltages respectively, and the different direct-current bus voltages correspond to different preset response strategies of each direct-current device;
determination of Δ PSAnd in the corresponding power reduction interval, correspondingly reducing the direct current bus voltage, then enabling the direct current equipment to act according to the direct current bus voltage and a preset response strategy, and finally adjusting the power difference by the energy storage system to finish the power adjustment.
As a further improvement of the method: the direct current equipment is connected to the same direct current bus.
As a further improvement of the method: step S4 divides the achievable power increase of the virtual power plant into five gradients which are respectively 0.2Pxmax、0.4Pxmax、0.6Pxmax、0.8PxmaxAnd PxmaxFive powers respectively correspond to the voltage of the direct current bus being 1.02Ud0、1.04Ud0、1.06Ud0、1.08Ud0And 1.1Ud0Wherein U isd0The rated voltage of the direct current bus is obtained.
As a further improvement of the method: step S6 divides the achievable power of the virtual power plant into five gradients which are respectively 0.2Psmax、0.4Psmax、0.6Psmax、0.8PsmaxAnd PsmaxThe voltage of the five power buses is 0.98U respectively corresponding to the DC busesd0、0.96Ud0、0.94Ud0、0.92Ud0And 0.9Ud0Wherein U isd0The rated voltage of the direct current bus is obtained.
As a further improvement of the method: when the direct current equipment is connected to a direct current bus after passing through a direct current line, a direct current voltage compensation mechanism is introduced as follows:
Udbus=Ude+IdeRde
wherein, UdbusFor calculating the resulting DC bus voltage value, UdeFor the DC voltage measured at the port of the DC apparatus, IdeFor the direct current flowing in the line connecting the direct current apparatus with the direct current bus, RdeIs the equivalent resistance of the direct current circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the direct-current bus voltage is used as a control signal by utilizing the direct-current voltage control capability of an alternating-current/direct-current converter connected with a virtual power plant and a power grid, and each direct-current device makes corresponding response to different direct-current voltages according to preset response strategies under different direct-current voltages, so that the power regulation function between the virtual power plant and the alternating-current power grid is realized. Compared with the prior art, the invention does not depend on a communication network and has plug and play expansion capability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following with the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, which is a flow chart of the method, a dc distribution-based virtual power plant includes photovoltaic, wind power, energy storage, charging pile, adjustable dc load, and other device systems, and all devices or systems are connected to the same dc bus. The virtual power plant utilizes the direct-current voltage regulation and control capability of the alternating-current and direct-current converter connected with the power grid to use the direct-current bus voltage as a control signal, and each direct-current device makes corresponding response to different direct-current voltages according to preset response strategies under different direct-current voltages, so that the coordinated control operation of alternating-current and direct-current exchange power is realized.
In the method, the energy storage can select the charging/stopping/discharging working condition of the battery according to the voltage of the direct current bus and adjust the charging and discharging current; the charging pile can select charging/stopping or charging/stopping/discharging according to the voltage of the direct current bus, and adjust charging/discharging current; the operation mode of various electric devices can be determined according to the preset voltage of the direct current bus: full power/partial power/stop. The photovoltaic and wind power can select the maximum power/partial power/stop according to the voltage of the direct current bus.
In the method, if the equipment is directly connected to the direct current bus, the direct current voltage monitored by the equipment is the direct current bus voltage, and errors caused by voltage difference do not exist. If the device is connected to the dc bus after passing through the dc line, the voltage drop introduced by the dc line will affect the determination of the device on the real dc bus voltage, therefore, the following dc voltage compensation mechanism needs to be introduced:
Udbus=Ude+IdeRde
wherein, UdbusFor calculating the resulting DC bus voltage value, UdeFor the DC voltage measured at the port of the DC apparatus, IdeFor the direct current flowing in the line connecting the direct current apparatus with the direct current bus, RdeIs the equivalent resistance of the direct current circuit.
According to the calculated UdbusThe real condition of the direct current bus voltage can be accurately judged.
Under the normal operation condition, the AC-DC converter controls the DC bus voltage to be at a rated value Ud0(ii) a Tracking (MP) of new energy such as photovoltaic energy, wind power energy and the like at maximum power pointPT), the maximum output is realized, so that the wide consumption of green energy is realized; the direct current load is normally used without overall coordination according to the actual needs of users; the energy storage system operates according to a set mode of 'discharging at peak and charging at low ebb', or 'participating in interactive power adjustment between a virtual power plant and a power grid'.
When a power grid response demand is received, power adjustment is carried out according to the method shown in fig. 1, and virtual power plant power adjustment under the condition of no communication is realized.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
s1: and receiving a virtual power plant power adjustment instruction.
S2: and judging whether the virtual power plant needs to be newly added or reduced to absorb active power from the power grid compared with the power at the current moment, if the virtual power plant needs to be newly added, executing the step S3, and if the virtual power plant needs to be reduced, skipping to the step S5.
S3: comparison of Δ PxAnd PxmaxOf size, Δ PxAbsorbing active power from the grid for newly added virtual power plants, PxmaxPresetting a maximum extra absorbable power for the virtual power plant except for the new energy power regulation; if Δ Px>PxmaxIf the situation shows that the adjustment requirements cannot be met only by adopting energy storage, charging piles and users, the power absorbed by the virtual power plant from the power grid is increased by the photovoltaic and wind power through the operation mode of separating from MPPT; if Δ Px≤PxmaxThen step S4 is executed.
S4: dividing the achievable power increase of the virtual power plant into five gradients which are respectively 0.2Pxmax、0.4Pxmax、0.6Pxmax、0.8PxmaxAnd PxmaxFive powers respectively correspond to the voltage of the direct current bus being 1.02Ud0、1.04Ud0、1.06Ud0、1.08Ud0And 1.1Ud0Wherein U isd0The rated voltage of the direct current bus is obtained. Each absorbed and increased power corresponds to a set of algorithm which is embedded into each device in advance, taking 0.2Pxmax as an example, the method can be characterized by adding a plurality of charging piles to adjust and increase partial adjustable load power and the like.
When receiving new power the virtual power plant absorbs from the gridActive power increase Δ PxAfter the instruction, first, determine Δ PxIn which power interval, assume 0.2PxmaxAnd 0.4PxmaxThe AC/DC converter immediately outputs the DC voltage command value from Ud0Change is 1.03Ud0The DC bus voltage will follow a certain slope from Ud0Is increased to 1.03Ud0And the energy storage and charging pile in the virtual power plant and the user receive 1.03U through voltage sensing calculationd0After the DC bus voltage signal is obtained, the voltage signal is increased by 0.4P according to the preset valuexmaxThe power absorption schemes are automatically executed, if a plurality of charging piles are put into use, part of the adjustable load power is adjusted and increased, and the stored energy is converted into a charging mode and the like. Due to delta PxAnd 0.4PxmaxThe electric vehicle charging pile is different from the electric vehicle charging pile in actual effect, and if the number of the electric vehicles connected into the charging pile does not accord with the expected number, the difference between the electric vehicles and the charging pile needs to be compensated through flexible adjustment of energy storage power. After a certain time delay, the energy storage system starts to gradually change from the charging mode to the non-charging or discharging mode, or gradually change from the non-charging and non-discharging mode to the discharging mode. At the moment, the power absorbed by the virtual power plant from the newly added power grid is gradually reduced until the power is nearly delta PxWhen the DC/DC converter is in use, the DC voltage command value is controlled to be 1.03Ud0Change is 1.04Ud0The DC bus voltage will quickly climb to 1.04Ud0After the energy storage system senses the direct-current voltage, the current charging and discharging state and the power are kept unchanged, and accordingly, the overall response is completed.
S5: comparison of Δ PsAnd PsmaxOf size, Δ PsTo reduce the virtual power plant's absorption of active power from the grid, PsmaxA preset maximum additional releasable power for the virtual power plant; if Δ Ps>PsmaxThe situation shows that the adjustment requirements cannot be met only by adopting energy storage, charging piles and users, and at the moment, the virtual power plant does not act any further and only operates in a state of maximum release; if Δ Ps≤PsmaxThen step S6 is executed.
S6: virtual power plantThe current power adjustment is divided into five gradients, which are respectively 0.2Psmax、0.4Psmax、0.6Psmax、0.8PsmaxAnd PsmaxThe voltage of the five power buses is 0.98U respectively corresponding to the DC busesd0、0.96Ud0、0.94Ud0、0.92Ud0And 0.9Ud0Wherein U isd0The rated voltage of the direct current bus is obtained. Each power reduction corresponds to a set of algorithms previously embedded in each device, at 0.2PsmaxFor example, it may be characterized as cutting off several electric vehicles being charged, dimming part of the adjustable load power, etc.
When receiving a reduction Δ P of the active power absorbed by the virtual power plant from the gridsAfter the instruction, first, determine Δ PsIn which power interval, assume 0.4PsmaxAnd 0.6PsmaxThe AC/DC converter immediately outputs the DC voltage command value from Ud0Change was 0.95Ud0The DC bus voltage will follow a certain slope from Ud0Down to 0.95Ud0And the energy storage and charging pile in the virtual power plant and the user receive 0.95U through voltage sensing calculationd0After the DC bus voltage signal is obtained, the voltage signal is increased by 0.6P according to the preset valuesmaxThe schemes for releasing the power are respectively and automatically executed, such as cutting off the electric automobile, adjusting or interrupting the power of part of the adjustable load, converting the stored energy into a discharging mode and the like. Due to delta PsAnd 0.4PsmaxThe electric vehicle charging pile is different from the electric vehicle charging pile in actual effect, and if the number of the electric vehicles connected into the charging pile does not accord with the expected number, the difference between the electric vehicles and the charging pile needs to be compensated through flexible adjustment of energy storage power. After a certain time delay, the energy storage system starts to gradually change from the discharging mode to the non-discharging or charging mode, or gradually change from the non-charging and non-discharging mode to the charging mode. At the moment, the newly increased and released power of the virtual power plant to the power grid starts to gradually decrease until the power is nearly delta PsWhen the DC/DC converter is in use, the DC voltage command value is changed from 0.95Ud0Change to 0.96Ud0The DC bus voltage will drop to 0.96U rapidlyd0After the energy storage system senses the direct current voltage,and keeping the current charge-discharge state and power unchanged, and finishing the overall response.

Claims (5)

1. A virtual power plant power regulation method based on a direct current distribution technology is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: receiving a virtual power plant power adjustment instruction;
s2: judging whether the virtual power plant needs to be newly increased or reduced to absorb active power from the power grid compared with the power at the current moment, if the virtual power plant needs to be newly increased, executing a step S3, and if the virtual power plant needs to be reduced, skipping to a step S5;
s3: comparison of Δ PxAnd PxmaxOf size, Δ PxAbsorbing active power from the grid for newly added virtual power plants, PxmaxPresetting a maximum extra absorbable power for the virtual power plant except for the new energy power regulation; if Δ Px>PxmaxIncreasing the power absorbed by the virtual power plant from the power grid by the photovoltaic and wind power through separating from the MPPT operation mode; if Δ Px≤PxmaxThen go to step S4;
s4: the method comprises the following steps of dividing a virtual power plant into a plurality of gradients in a power increasing mode, wherein each gradient corresponds to different direct-current bus voltages respectively, and the different direct-current bus voltages correspond to different preset response strategies of each direct-current device;
determination of Δ PxIn the corresponding power adjustment interval, the voltage of the direct current bus is adjusted and increased correspondingly, then the direct current equipment acts according to the voltage of the direct current bus and a preset response strategy, and finally the energy storage system adjusts the power difference to finish the power adjustment;
s5: comparison of Δ PsAnd PsmaxOf size, Δ PsTo reduce the virtual power plant's absorption of active power from the grid, PsmaxA preset maximum additional releasable power for the virtual power plant; if Δ Ps>PsmaxThe virtual power plant does not act any further, but only operates in a state of maximum release; if Δ Ps≤PsmaxThen go to step S6;
s6: the method comprises the following steps of dividing a virtual power plant into a plurality of gradients by power adjustment, wherein each gradient corresponds to different direct-current bus voltages respectively, and the different direct-current bus voltages correspond to different preset response strategies of each direct-current device;
determination of Δ PSAnd in the corresponding power reduction interval, correspondingly reducing the direct current bus voltage, then enabling the direct current equipment to act according to the direct current bus voltage and a preset response strategy, and finally adjusting the power difference by the energy storage system to finish the power adjustment.
2. The virtual power plant power regulation method based on the direct current distribution technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the direct current equipment is connected to the same direct current bus.
3. The virtual power plant power regulation method based on the direct current distribution technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: step S4 divides the achievable power increase of the virtual power plant into five gradients which are respectively 0.2Pxmax、0.4Pxmax、0.6Pxmax、0.8PxmaxAnd PxmaxFive powers respectively correspond to the voltage of the direct current bus being 1.02Ud0、1.04Ud0、1.06Ud0、1.08Ud0And 1.1Ud0Wherein U isd0The rated voltage of the direct current bus is obtained.
4. The virtual power plant power regulation method based on the direct current distribution technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: step S6 divides the achievable power of the virtual power plant into five gradients which are respectively 0.2Psmax、0.4Psmax、0.6Psmax、0.8PsmaxAnd PsmaxThe voltage of the five power buses is 0.98U respectively corresponding to the DC busesd0、0.96Ud0、0.94Ud0、0.92Ud0And 0.9Ud0Wherein U isd0The rated voltage of the direct current bus is obtained.
5. The virtual power plant power regulation method based on direct current distribution technology of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by: when the direct current equipment is connected to a direct current bus after passing through a direct current line, a direct current voltage compensation mechanism is introduced as follows:
Udbus=Ude+IdeRde
wherein, UdbusFor calculating the resulting DC bus voltage value, UdeFor the DC voltage measured at the port of the DC apparatus, IdeFor the direct current flowing in the line connecting the direct current apparatus with the direct current bus, RdeIs the equivalent resistance of the direct current circuit.
CN202011439599.0A 2020-12-10 2020-12-10 Virtual power plant power regulation method based on direct-current power distribution technology Active CN112531743B (en)

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