CN112531235A - Battery interlayer device based on micro-column array phase change heat exchange and heat exchange method - Google Patents
Battery interlayer device based on micro-column array phase change heat exchange and heat exchange method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to a battery interlayer device based on micro-column array phase change heat exchange and a heat exchange method, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The battery interlayer device comprises a lithium battery pack, a micro-channel I, a micro-channel II and a micro-channel III, wherein the micro-channel I is parallel to the micro-channel III, the micro-channel I is fixedly arranged at the top end of the lithium battery pack, the micro-channel III is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the lithium battery pack, the micro-channel II is fixedly arranged at the side end of the lithium battery pack, the micro-channel I, the micro-channel II and the micro-channel III are sequentially communicated to form a phase-change heat exchange interlayer, a micro-column array I is uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the bottom surface of the micro-channel I, and a micro-. The invention utilizes the huge latent heat generated by the evaporation of the micro-column array surface capillary pumping film and the condensation of steam in the vapor-liquid phase change to carry out phase change heat transfer, realizes the quick preheating (in winter) and cooling (in summer) of the battery, and has the remarkable advantages of high heat transfer efficiency, simple structure, light volume, economy, practicability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a battery interlayer device based on micro-column array phase change heat exchange and a heat exchange method, and belongs to the technical field of batteries.
Background
The energy demand in the world today depends to a great extent on fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas, coal and the like to meet. The electric automobile utilizes electric energy, has no waste gas emission and no environmental pollution during running, and is widely applied in the world. However, the extreme climate has an important influence on the charge and discharge performance of the battery, and low temperature lowers the electrochemical reaction rate in the battery and significantly changes the battery characteristics, and high temperature destroys the chemical equilibrium in the battery to cause side reactions.
Battery thermal management systems have been extensively studied, and typical examples are: the air cooling method has simple structure but low cooling efficiency; liquid cooling or refrigerant-based cooling is thermally efficient, but the components are complex and require additional energy; the pulsating heat pipe has the advantages of good heat transfer capacity, low cost, high heat conductivity coefficient and simple structure, and has certain limitation because a heat pipe system is difficult to integrate. Therefore, the preheating and cooling system which is efficient, light-weight, simple in structure, easy to integrate and low in cost is a great challenge to the optimization of the comprehensive performance of the thermal management system of the electric automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a micro-column array phase change heat exchange-based battery interlayer device and a heat exchange method aiming at the problems in a battery heat management system, the micro-column array surface capillary pumping film evaporation and steam condensation are used for carrying out phase change heat transfer, namely, a liquid-gas meniscus interface in a micro-column array generates capillary force, liquid is pushed to flow spontaneously in the evaporation process, and the liquid film is prolonged and the drying is delayed; the high-temperature steam meets condensation junctions on the surface of the micro-column array, and the gravity gradually removes condensed liquid drops to refresh the surface for re-nucleation, so that the condensation heat transfer performance is enhanced.
A battery interlayer device based on micro-column array phase-change heat exchange comprises a lithium battery pack 1, a micro-channel I2, a micro-channel II 4 and a micro-channel III 5, wherein the micro-channel I2 is parallel to the micro-channel III 5, the micro-channel I2 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the lithium battery pack 1, the micro-channel III 5 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the lithium battery pack 1, the micro-channel II 4 is fixedly arranged at the side end of the lithium battery pack 1, the micro-channel I2, the micro-channel II 4 and the micro-channel III 5 are sequentially communicated to form a phase-change heat exchange interlayer, micro-column arrays I3 are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the bottom surface of the micro-channel I2, and micro-column;
preferably, the micro-channel I2 is welded at the top end of the lithium battery pack 1, the micro-channel III 5 is welded at the bottom end of the lithium battery pack 1, and the micro-channel II 4 is fixedly arranged at the side end of the lithium battery pack 1 through electric welding;
the micro-column array I3 is vertical to the bottom surface of the micro-channel I2, and the micro-column array II 6 is vertical to the top surface of the micro-channel III 5;
the micro channel II 4 is vertical to the micro channel I2;
the length, the width and the height of the micro-channel I2 and the micro-channel III 5 are equal;
further, the length of the micro-channel I2 is 1-1.1 times of the length of the lithium battery pack 1, the width of the micro-channel I2 is 1-1.1 times of the width of the lithium battery pack 1, and the height of the micro-channel I is 500-1000 microns; the distance between the micro channel I2 and the micro channel III 5 is matched with the length of the micro channel II 4, the width of the micro channel II 4 is matched with the width of the micro channel I2, and the height is 500-1000 mu m;
the micro-column array I3 and the micro-column array II 6 are both prepared by hydrophilic double-sided polished silicon (100) wafers;
further, the micro-column array II (6) is used for coating a rough hydrophilic surface through hydrophobic coating functionalization treatment to form a super-hydrophobic surface;
the hydrophobic coating is a polymer material containing hydrophobic functional groups, and the hydrophobic functional groups are hydrocarbon groups or ester groups;
the micro-column array I3 is of a cylindrical or square column structure, the diameter or side length of the micro-column array I3 is 10-100 micrometers, the height of the micro-column array I3 is 0.5-0.75 time of the height of the micro-channel I2, and the distance between every two adjacent micro-columns is 10-100 micrometers;
the micro-column array II 6 is of a cylindrical or square column structure, the diameter or side length of the micro-column array II 6 is 300-500 nm, the height is 6-10 mu m, and the distance between every two adjacent micro-columns is 2-10 mu m;
the heat exchange method of the battery interlayer device based on the micro-column array phase change heat exchange comprises the following specific steps:
(1) when the lithium battery pack is in a low-temperature state (winter), high-temperature steam is introduced into the micro-channel III from a steam port of the micro-channel III, the steam exchanges heat with the bottom end of the lithium battery pack, the steam is continuously condensed into discrete small drops on the surface of the micro-column array II at the top end of the micro-channel III, the discrete small drops grow and are combined into condensed drops, the condensed drops fall off and are gathered at the bottom of the micro-channel III under the action of gravity and flow along the axial direction of the micro-channel III, the uncondensed steam is introduced into the micro-channel I along the micro-channel II, the steam exchanges heat with the top end of the lithium battery pack, the steam is continuously condensed into discrete small drops on the surface of the micro-column array I at the bottom end of the micro-channel I, the discrete drops grow and are combined into condensed drops and flow along the axial direction of the micro-channel I, secondary preheating;
(2) when the lithium battery pack is in a high-temperature state (summer), cooling liquid is added into a liquid storage tank of a micro-channel I from a liquid port of the micro-channel I, the cooling liquid exchanges heat with the top end of the lithium battery pack, the cooling liquid in the liquid storage tank forms capillary flow between the micro-column arrays I at the bottom ends of the micro-channels I through capillary pumping action of the micro-column arrays I, the cooling liquid is continuously far away from the liquid storage tank of the micro-channel I, a cooling liquid thin liquid film is formed on the bottom surface of the micro-channel I, and the cooling liquid thin liquid film continuously exchanges heat with the top end of the lithium battery pack to evaporate to form steam, the capillary action force far away from the liquid storage tank is the largest, the cooling liquid in gaps of the micro-column arrays I is the smallest, the evaporation is the fastest, and the cooling liquid in the liquid storage tank is continuously; the coolant liquid that is not evaporated flows into microchannel III along microchannel II under the pumping action and the action of gravity of microcolumn array I, and the coolant liquid carries out the heat exchange evaporation with lithium cell group bottom and forms steam, realizes the secondary cooling to lithium cell group, discharges from microchannel III's steam port, utilizes the latent heat of vaporization that film evaporation produced to realize the rapid cooling of lithium cell group.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the device of the invention utilizes the huge latent heat generated by steam condensation and film evaporation during the phase change of the steam and the liquid to realize the quick preheating (in winter) and cooling (in summer) of the battery;
(2) the device increases the heated area of the liquid due to the existence of the super-hydrophilic micro-column array, the liquid flows through the micro-columns to generate turbulence and strengthen the phase change heat transfer performance, and meanwhile, the capillary pumping action of the super-hydrophilic micro-column array pushes the liquid to spontaneously flow to delay the drying of the liquid film;
(3) the device forces liquid drops to interact with a larger solid area due to the existence of the super-hydrophobic micro-column array, changes the apparent surface energy of a solid-liquid interface, increases the surface roughness, increases the surface wettability and strengthens the phase change heat transfer performance;
(4) the device has the remarkable advantages of high heat transfer efficiency, simple structure, light volume, economy, practicability, no need of external driving force and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a sandwich device according to example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a microchannel I in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the principle of thin film evaporation in microchannel I of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the vapor condensation principle of the microchannel III of example 1;
in the figure: 1-lithium battery pack, 2-microchannel I, 3-microcolumn array I, 4-microchannel II, 5-microchannel III, 6-microcolumn array II, 7-liquid, 8-high-temperature steam and 9-liquid drop.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-2, a battery interlayer device based on micro-column array phase-change heat exchange comprises a lithium battery pack 1, a micro-channel i 2, a micro-channel ii 4 and a micro-channel iii 5, wherein the micro-channel i 2 is parallel to the micro-channel iii 5, the micro-channel i 2 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the lithium battery pack 1, the micro-channel iii 5 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the lithium battery pack 1, the micro-channel ii 4 is fixedly arranged at the side end of the lithium battery pack 1, the micro-channel i 2, the micro-channel ii 4 and the micro-channel iii 5 are sequentially communicated to form a phase-change heat exchange interlayer, the micro-column array i 3 is uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the bottom surface of the micro-channel i 2, and; the left end of the micro-channel I2 is provided with a liquid storage tank, the end head of the liquid storage tank is provided with a liquid port, and the left end of the micro-channel III 5 is provided with a steam port;
the heat exchange method of the battery interlayer device based on the micro-column array phase change heat exchange (see fig. 3 and 4) comprises the following specific steps:
(1) when the lithium battery pack is in a low-temperature state (winter), high-temperature steam is introduced into the micro-channel III from a steam port of the micro-channel III, the steam exchanges heat with the bottom end of the lithium battery pack, the steam is continuously condensed into discrete small drops on the surface of the micro-column array II at the top end of the micro-channel III, the discrete small drops grow and are combined into condensed drops, the condensed drops fall off and are gathered at the bottom of the micro-channel III under the action of gravity and flow along the axial direction of the micro-channel III, the uncondensed steam is introduced into the micro-channel I along the micro-channel II, the steam exchanges heat with the top end of the lithium battery pack, the steam is continuously condensed into discrete small drops on the surface of the micro-column array I at the bottom end of the micro-channel I, the discrete drops grow and are combined into condensed drops and flow along the axial direction of the micro-channel I, secondary preheating;
(2) when the lithium battery pack is in a high-temperature state (summer), cooling liquid is added into a liquid storage tank of a micro-channel I from a liquid port of the micro-channel I, the cooling liquid exchanges heat with the top end of the lithium battery pack, the cooling liquid in the liquid storage tank forms capillary flow between the micro-column arrays I at the bottom ends of the micro-channels I through capillary pumping action of the micro-column arrays I, the cooling liquid is continuously far away from the liquid storage tank of the micro-channel I, a cooling liquid thin liquid film is formed on the bottom surface of the micro-channel I, and the cooling liquid thin liquid film continuously exchanges heat with the top end of the lithium battery pack to evaporate to form steam, the capillary action force far away from the liquid storage tank is the largest, the cooling liquid in gaps of the micro-column arrays I is the smallest, the evaporation is the fastest, and the cooling liquid in the liquid storage tank is continuously; the coolant liquid that is not evaporated flows into microchannel III along microchannel II under the pumping action and the action of gravity of microcolumn array I, and the coolant liquid carries out the heat exchange evaporation with lithium cell group bottom and forms steam, realizes the secondary cooling to lithium cell group, discharges from microchannel III's steam port, utilizes the latent heat of vaporization that film evaporation produced to realize the rapid cooling of lithium cell group.
Example 2: the battery interlayer device based on the micro-column array phase change heat exchange in the embodiment is basically the same as the battery interlayer device based on the micro-column array phase change heat exchange in the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the micro-channel I2 is welded at the top end of the lithium battery pack 1, the micro-channel III 5 is welded at the bottom end of the lithium battery pack 1, and the micro-channel II 4 is fixedly arranged at the side end of the lithium battery pack 1 through spot welding;
the microcolumn array I3 is vertical to the bottom surface of the microchannel I2, and the microcolumn array II 6 is vertical to the top surface of the microchannel III 5;
the micro channel II 4 is vertical to the micro channel I2;
the length, width and height of the micro-channel I2 and the micro-channel III 5 are equal.
Example 3: this embodiment is based on battery intermediate layer device of microcolumn array phase change heat transfer and the battery intermediate layer device based on microcolumn array phase change heat transfer of embodiment 2 are the same basically, the difference lies in: the length of the micro-channel I2 is 1-1.1 times of the length of the lithium battery pack 1, the width of the micro-channel I2 is 1-1.1 times of the width of the lithium battery pack 1, and the height of the micro-channel I is 500-1000 microns; the distance between the micro channel I2 and the micro channel III 5 is matched with the length of the micro channel II 4, the width of the micro channel II 4 is matched with the width of the micro channel I2, and the height is 500-1000 mu m;
the micro-column array I3 and the micro-column array II 6 are both prepared by hydrophilic double-sided polished silicon (100) wafers;
the micro-column array II (6) coats the rough hydrophilic surface through the functionalization treatment of the hydrophobic coating to form a super-hydrophobic surface;
the micro-column array I3 is of a cylindrical or square column structure, the diameter or side length of the micro-column array I3 is 10-100 microns, the height of the micro-column array I3 is 0.5-0.75 time of the height of the micro-channel I2, and the distance between every two adjacent micro-columns is 10-100 microns;
the micro-column array II 6 is of a cylindrical or square column structure, the diameter or side length of the micro-column array II 6 is 300-500 nm, the height is 6-10 mu m, and the distance between every two adjacent micro-columns is 2-10 mu m;
the heat exchange method of the battery interlayer device based on the micro-column array phase change heat exchange (see fig. 3 and 4) comprises the following specific steps:
(1) when the lithium battery pack is in a low-temperature state (winter), high-temperature steam is introduced into the micro-channel III from a steam port of the micro-channel III, the steam exchanges heat with the bottom end of the lithium battery pack, the steam is continuously condensed into discrete small drops on the surface of the micro-column array II at the top end of the micro-channel III, the discrete small drops grow and are combined into condensed drops, the condensed drops fall off and are gathered at the bottom of the micro-channel III under the action of gravity and flow along the axial direction of the micro-channel III, the uncondensed steam is introduced into the micro-channel I along the micro-channel II, the steam exchanges heat with the top end of the lithium battery pack, the steam is continuously condensed into discrete small drops on the surface of the micro-column array I at the bottom end of the micro-channel I, the discrete drops grow and are combined into condensed drops and flow along the axial direction of the micro-channel I, secondary preheating;
(2) when the lithium battery pack is in a high-temperature state (summer), cooling liquid is added into a liquid storage tank of a micro-channel I from a liquid port of the micro-channel I, the cooling liquid exchanges heat with the top end of the lithium battery pack, the cooling liquid in the liquid storage tank forms capillary flow between the micro-column arrays I at the bottom ends of the micro-channels I through capillary pumping action of the micro-column arrays I, the cooling liquid is continuously far away from the liquid storage tank of the micro-channel I, a cooling liquid thin liquid film is formed on the bottom surface of the micro-channel I, and the cooling liquid thin liquid film continuously exchanges heat with the top end of the lithium battery pack to evaporate to form steam, the capillary action force far away from the liquid storage tank is the largest, the cooling liquid in gaps of the micro-column arrays I is the smallest, the evaporation is the fastest, and the cooling liquid in the liquid storage tank is continuously; the coolant liquid that is not evaporated flows into microchannel III along microchannel II under the pumping action and the action of gravity of microcolumn array I, and the coolant liquid carries out the heat exchange evaporation with lithium cell group bottom and forms steam, realizes the secondary cooling to lithium cell group, discharges from microchannel III's steam port, utilizes the latent heat of vaporization that film evaporation produced to realize the rapid cooling of lithium cell group.
The invention utilizes the huge latent heat generated by the evaporation of the micro-column array surface capillary pumping film and the condensation of steam in the vapor-liquid phase change to carry out phase change heat transfer, realizes the quick preheating (in winter) and cooling (in summer) of the battery, and has the remarkable advantages of high heat transfer efficiency, simple structure, light volume, economy, practicability and the like.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a battery intermediate layer device based on little post array phase transition heat transfer which characterized in that: including lithium cell group (1), microchannel I (2), microchannel II (4), microchannel III (5), microchannel I (2) are parallel with microchannel III (5), microchannel I (2) are fixed to be set up on lithium cell group (1) top, microchannel III (5) are fixed to be set up in lithium cell group (1) bottom, microchannel II (4) are fixed to be set up in lithium cell group (1) side, microchannel I (2), microchannel II (4) and microchannel III (5) communicate in proper order and form the phase transition heat transfer intermediate layer, the bottom surface inner wall of microchannel I (2) evenly is provided with microcolumn array I (3), the top surface inner wall of microchannel III (5) evenly is provided with microcolumn array II (6).
2. The micro-column array phase-change heat exchange-based battery interlayer device according to claim 1, wherein: the microcolumn array I (3) is vertical to the bottom surface of the microchannel I (2), and the microcolumn array II (6) is vertical to the top surface of the microchannel III (5).
3. The micro-column array phase-change heat exchange-based battery interlayer device according to claim 1, wherein: the microchannel II (4) is perpendicular to the microchannel I (2).
4. The micro-column array phase-change heat exchange-based battery interlayer device according to claim 1, wherein: the length, width and height of the micro-channel I (2) and the micro-channel III (5) are equal.
5. The micro-column array phase-change heat exchange-based battery interlayer device according to claim 4, wherein: the length of the micro-channel I (2) is 1-1.1 times of the length of the lithium battery pack (1), the width of the micro-channel I is 1-1.1 times of the width of the lithium battery pack (1), and the height of the micro-channel I is 500-1000 microns.
6. The micro-column array phase-change heat exchange-based battery interlayer device according to claim 2, wherein: the micropillar array I (3) and micropillar array II (6) were both prepared using hydrophilic double-side polished silicon (100) wafers.
7. The micro-column array phase-change heat exchange-based battery interlayer device according to claim 2, wherein: the surface of the micro-column array II (6) is coated with a super-hydrophobic surface.
8. The micro-column array phase-change heat exchange-based battery interlayer device according to claim 1, wherein: the micro-column array I (3) is of a cylindrical or square column structure, the diameter or side length of the micro-column array I (3) is 10-100 mu m, the height of the micro-column array I (3) is 0.5-0.75 time of the height of the micro-channel I (2), and the distance between every two adjacent micro-columns is 10-100 mu m.
9. The micro-column array phase-change heat exchange-based battery interlayer device according to claim 1, wherein: the micro-column array II (6) is of a cylindrical or square column structure, the diameter or side length of the micro-column array II (6) is 300-500 nm, the height is 6-10 mu m, and the distance between every two adjacent micro-columns is 2-10 mu m.
10. The heat exchange method of the micro-column array phase-change heat exchange-based battery interlayer device is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
(1) when the lithium battery pack is in a low-temperature state (winter), high-temperature steam is introduced into the micro-channel III from a steam port of the micro-channel III, the steam exchanges heat with the bottom end of the lithium battery pack, the steam is continuously condensed into discrete small drops on the surface of the micro-column array II at the top end of the micro-channel III, the discrete small drops grow and are combined into condensed drops, the condensed drops fall off and are gathered at the bottom of the micro-channel III under the action of gravity and flow along the axial direction of the micro-channel III, the uncondensed steam is introduced into the micro-channel I along the micro-channel II, the steam exchanges heat with the top end of the lithium battery pack, the steam is continuously condensed into discrete small drops on the surface of the micro-column array I at the bottom end of the micro-channel I, the discrete drops grow and are combined into condensed drops and flow along the axial direction of the micro-channel I, secondary preheating;
(2) when the lithium battery pack is in a high-temperature state (summer), cooling liquid is added into a liquid storage tank of a micro-channel I from a liquid port of the micro-channel I, the cooling liquid exchanges heat with the top end of the lithium battery pack, the cooling liquid in the liquid storage tank forms capillary flow between the micro-column arrays I at the bottom ends of the micro-channels I through capillary pumping action of the micro-column arrays I, the cooling liquid is continuously far away from the liquid storage tank of the micro-channel I, a cooling liquid thin liquid film is formed on the bottom surface of the micro-channel I, and the cooling liquid thin liquid film continuously exchanges heat with the top end of the lithium battery pack to evaporate to form steam, the capillary action force far away from the liquid storage tank is the largest, the cooling liquid in gaps of the micro-column arrays I is the smallest, the evaporation is the fastest, and the cooling liquid in the liquid storage tank is continuously; the coolant liquid that is not evaporated flows into microchannel III along microchannel II under the pumping action and the action of gravity of microcolumn array I, and the coolant liquid carries out the heat exchange evaporation with lithium cell group bottom and forms steam, realizes the secondary cooling to lithium cell group, discharges from microchannel III's steam port, utilizes the latent heat of vaporization that film evaporation produced to realize the rapid cooling of lithium cell group.
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