CN112530623A - Irradiation examination piece and irradiation device - Google Patents
Irradiation examination piece and irradiation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112530623A CN112530623A CN202011270589.9A CN202011270589A CN112530623A CN 112530623 A CN112530623 A CN 112530623A CN 202011270589 A CN202011270589 A CN 202011270589A CN 112530623 A CN112530623 A CN 112530623A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K5/00—Irradiation devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/10—Structural combination of fuel element, control rod, reactor core, or moderator structure with sensitive instruments, e.g. for measuring radioactivity, strain
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention relates to an irradiation examination piece and an irradiation device, wherein the irradiation device comprises an inner layer irradiation tank for wrapping the periphery of an irradiation object, an outer layer irradiation tank sleeved on the periphery of the inner layer irradiation tank, and a first end plug and a second end plug which are respectively matched with two opposite ends of the outer layer irradiation tank; the inner layer irradiation tank comprises a plurality of tank body units which are arranged side by side in the axial direction of the irradiation object so as to regulate and control the assembly clearance between the irradiation object and the inner layer irradiation tank and/or the assembly clearance between the inner layer irradiation tank and the outer layer irradiation tank. The irradiation device can accurately control the irradiation object to be positioned in the assembly clearance of the irradiation tank at different axial positions by reducing the fluctuation value of the total fit clearance between the irradiation object and the irradiation tank, can keep the temperature of the outer surface of the irradiation object uniform and stable, and improves the accuracy of the irradiation test working condition; the integral rigidity of the irradiation tank is effectively reduced, and the external pressure stress possibly borne by the irradiation object is effectively reduced, so that the influence of an external device is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power, in particular to an irradiation examination piece and an irradiation device.
Background
The development of nuclear fuels requires lengthy screening procedures followed by in-core performance screening tests after initially passing the out-of-core performance screening tests. In-pile performance screening tests can generally be divided into 5 stages: (1) study of material-grade neutron irradiation test in a reactor: this stage, which does not focus on fuel rod-level related properties (e.g., pellet-cladding interaction), can be screened secondarily for a number of design concepts that have been tested for off-stack screening; in the stage, in-reactor tests are generally carried out by means of equipment such as an irradiation tank, and target test materials are not in contact with a loop coolant but need to simulate the normal operation condition of the reactor; (2) study of in-stack loop tests: after the in-pile screening test of the first stage, the screened material concept is prepared into an irradiation small rod structure form and the circuit test verification is carried out. The irradiation small rod at the stage is directly contacted with a high-temperature high-pressure coolant which is close to the operating condition of the reactor so as to verify the fuel performance, the PCI performance, the compatibility of the cladding and the coolant and the like; the normal operation condition of the reactor needs to be simulated at this stage; (3) study of in-pile transient irradiation test: after the second stage screening test, carrying out a transient irradiation test in the research reactor, such as simulating RIA working conditions, so as to determine whether the irradiated small rod can ensure the integrity under the transient state; in this stage, tests are generally carried out on unirradiated small rods and fuel rods which reach different burnup steps; (4) transient testing of pilot bar/pilot assembly in research stack: tests were conducted on pilot rods that were not irradiated and pilot rods that reached different burnup steps.
In the first-stage material-grade neutron irradiation test, because the in-pile screening is studied in the initial stage, the performance of nuclear materials has larger uncertainty, and in order to prevent a small fuel rod for the irradiation test from being damaged in the irradiation test process in the first stage and further influencing the safe operation of the research pile, the international common method is to adopt irradiation of an irradiation tank, and the irradiation temperature of an irradiation object can be controlled by the irradiation tank while the safety is ensured.
In the prior art, the axial height of the irradiation device is relatively large, the radial size of each part in the irradiation device is difficult to ensure high uniformity in the axial distribution, namely, the irradiation object fuel small rod, the inner layer irradiation tank and the outer layer irradiation tank are in clearance fit, and can change due to insufficient processing precision of each part on the axial height, so that the temperature of the outer surface of the fuel small rod changes on the axial height, and the accuracy of the irradiation verification test of the fuel small rod can be influenced. In addition, because the irradiation device has a certain axial height, when the irradiation device is placed in a reactor for irradiation examination, the neutron fluence rate of the reactor at the axial height of the irradiation device is unstable, so that the temperature instability of the irradiated object fuel small rod at the axial height is easily caused; finally, in the prior art, the rigidity of the irradiation tank is relatively large, the small fuel rod of the irradiation object can generate certain swelling deformation in the irradiation process, and when the small fuel rod of the irradiation object is contacted with the small fuel rod of the irradiation object, the irradiation tank can apply a large pressure stress acting force to the small fuel rod of the irradiation object, so that the accuracy of an irradiation verification test is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is based on the object of providing an improved irradiation device and an improved irradiation test piece for verifying the irradiation performance of nuclear fuel elements.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: constructing an irradiation device, which comprises an inner irradiation tank for wrapping the periphery of an irradiation object, an outer irradiation tank sleeved on the periphery of the inner irradiation tank, and a first end plug and a second end plug which are respectively matched with two opposite ends of the outer irradiation tank;
the inner-layer irradiation tank comprises a plurality of tank body units which are arranged side by side in the axial direction of the irradiation object to regulate and control the assembly clearance between the irradiation object and the inner-layer irradiation tank and/or the assembly clearance between the inner-layer irradiation tank and the outer-layer irradiation tank.
Preferably, the neutron absorption cross section of the plurality of tank units is different.
Preferably, the inner side wall and/or the outer side wall of the plurality of tank units are neutron absorption materials with different neutron absorption cross sections.
Preferably, the neutron absorbing material comprises aluminum, iron, titanium, cobalt, molybdenum, zirconium, cadmium, indium, an aluminum alloy, an iron alloy, a titanium alloy, a cobalt alloy, a molybdenum alloy, a zirconium alloy, a cadmium alloy, or an indium alloy.
Preferably, at least one of the tank units and/or the side wall of the outer irradiation tank is provided with a combustible material with a large neutron absorption section.
Preferably, each of the tank units comprises at least two first lobe structures mutually fitted in a circumferential direction.
Preferably, the length of the inner irradiation tank is greater than or equal to the jacket length of the irradiation object.
Preferably, the outer irradiation tank comprises at least two second tank flap structures which are fitted to each other in the circumferential direction.
Preferably, the irradiation treatment system further comprises a filler filled in a gap between the inner layer irradiation tank and the irradiation object and/or a gap between the outer layer irradiation tank and the inner layer irradiation tank;
the filler is inert gas or heat conducting material.
Preferably, the first end plug and/or the second end plug is provided with a guiding and positioning structure which is matched with the irradiation object to install, guide and position the irradiation object and keep the irradiation object stable with the gap of the inner layer irradiation tank during irradiation.
Preferably, the guide positioning structure comprises a guide positioning hole provided on the first end plug and/or the second end plug for inserting the irradiation object.
Preferably, a plurality of the tank units differ in radial dimension.
The invention also constructs an irradiation test piece for verifying the irradiation performance of the nuclear fuel element, which comprises the irradiation device and an irradiation object assembled in the irradiation device.
The irradiation examination piece and the irradiation device have the following beneficial effects: this irradiation device is through setting up this inlayer irradiation jar into a plurality of jar body units and constitutes, can regulate and control the fit-up gap of this supplementary reactor core and inlayer irradiation jar and/or the fit-up gap of inlayer irradiation jar and outer irradiation jar, the fluctuation value that makes irradiation object and irradiation jar total fit-up gap reduces, and then can be accurate control irradiation object be in the fit-up gap of irradiation jar in axial different positions, thereby can eliminate outer irradiation jar and irradiation object because of the not enough clearance fluctuation that causes of machining precision, and can make irradiation object's surface temperature keep even and stability, promote the accuracy nature of irradiation test operating mode. On the other hand, adopt a plurality of jar body units to splice each other in axial direction, can effectively reduce irradiation jar's bulk rigidity, when irradiation swelling and irradiation jar contact take place for irradiation object, can effectively reduce the outside compressive stress that irradiation object probably bore so reduce the external device influence, promote experimental accuracy nature.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an irradiation challenge in some embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the irradiation test piece shown in FIG. 1 for verifying irradiation performance of a nuclear fuel element;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the outer layer irradiation tank of the irradiation unit of the irradiation test cell of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the inner layer irradiation tank of the irradiation unit in the irradiation test cell of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a first end plug of an irradiation unit of the irradiation unit of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second end plug of the irradiation unit of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an irradiation target in the irradiation test cell of FIG. 2;
fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an irradiation target in the irradiation test piece of fig. 2.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figures 1 and 2 show some preferred embodiments of the irradiation test of the present invention. The irradiation test piece for verifying the irradiation performance of the nuclear fuel element can be used for the irradiation test of the nuclear fuel element. The irradiation challenge piece may include an irradiation device 10 and an irradiation object 20. The irradiation device 10 can be coated on the periphery of the irradiation object 20, so that the irradiation object 20 can be prevented from being damaged in the irradiation test process, and the irradiation temperature of the irradiation object can be controlled while the irradiation object 20 is protected. The irradiation object 20 may be assembled in the irradiation device 10. In some embodiments, the irradiation targets 20 may be fuel rods, although it is understood that in other embodiments, the irradiation targets 20 may not be limited to fuel rods.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, the irradiation device 10 may include an outer irradiation tank 11, an inner irradiation tank 12, a first end plug 13, and a second end plug 14. The inner irradiation tank 12 may wrap around the periphery of the irradiation target 20 and completely wrap the outer surface of the irradiation target 20. The outer irradiation tank 11 may be sleeved around the inner irradiation tank 12, the first end plug 13 and the second end plug 14 may be respectively matched with two opposite ends of the outer irradiation tank 11, may be used to seal the outer irradiation tank 11, and may form an integral irradiation tank with the inner irradiation tank 12, and the inner side may form a cavity for accommodating irradiation objects 20 such as fuel rods.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the outer layer irradiation tank 11 may have a cylindrical shape, and the outer layer irradiation tank 11 may have a hollow structure with both ends penetrating. In some embodiments, the axial length of the outer irradiation tank 11 may be greater than or equal to the length of the inner irradiation tank 12 and adapted to the length of the irradiation target 20, so that the inner irradiation tank 12 and the irradiation target 20 may be accommodated therein, and in some embodiments, the length of the outer irradiation tank 11 may correspond to the length of the inner irradiation tank 12 and may be slightly less than or equal to the length of the irradiation target 20. In some embodiments, the outer irradiation canister 11 may be made of a stronger material to ensure structural integrity of the irradiation canister throughout the irradiation test.
In some embodiments, the outer layer irradiation tank 11 may include two second tank flap structures 111, and the two second tank flap structures 111 may be fitted to each other in the circumferential direction. Each second lobe structure 111 may be one-half circle in cross-section, although it will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the second lobe structure 111 may not be limited to two, and in other embodiments, the second lobe structure 111 may be greater than two, and the cross-section may be one-third circle, one-fourth circle, one-fifth circle, etc. By dividing the outer irradiation tank 11 into a plurality of second lobe structures 111, the installation of the inner irradiation tank 12 and the assembly of the entire test article can be facilitated. After the inner layer irradiation tank 12 is laid on the outer surface of the irradiation object 20, the two outer layer irradiation tanks are assembled, and then the two second tank valve structures 111 are welded to form a complete outer layer irradiation tank 11, so that the assembly and the manufacture are convenient, and the gap between the irradiation object fuel small rod and the irradiation tank can be controlled more accurately. Further, by the assembling and manufacturing method, the gap value can be designed to be close to 0, so that the thermal resistance between the outer surface of the whole irradiation test piece and the outer surface of the small fuel rod of the irradiation object 20 is provided by two layers of irradiation tanks, and the influence on the accuracy of the test due to the fact that the gap size is enlarged due to irradiation deformation can be further avoided.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, in some embodiments, the inner fuel tank 12 may be cylindrical, and may be hollow and have a structure with two ends penetrating through. The axial length of the inner fuel tank 12 may be adapted to the length of the irradiation target 20. In some embodiments, the axial length of the inner fuel tank 12 may be slightly less than the length of the irradiation target 20, and in particular, may correspond to the length of the cladding 21 of the irradiation target 20 and to the length of the outer fuel tank 11, thereby substantially wrapping the surface of the irradiation target 20. Compared with the outer fuel tank 11, the inner fuel tank 12 can be made of solid materials with lower hardness, such as aluminum, gold, cadmium, bismuth and the like, and when the irradiation object 20 is in hard contact with the inner irradiation tank 11 due to irradiation swelling, the inner fuel tank 12 can avoid the influence of larger contact force on the irradiation object through deformation, so that the reliability of irradiation test data can be improved.
Further, in some embodiments, the inner layer irradiation tank 12 may include a plurality of tank units 121, and the plurality of tank units 121 may be arranged side by side in the axial direction of the irradiation object 20. The plurality of tank units 121 may be detachably connected to each other. Each of the tank units 121 may have a cylindrical shape, and the plurality of tank units 121 may be joined to each other to form an integral structure of the inner irradiation tank 12. The radial dimensions of the first canister flap structure 1211 in the plurality of canister units 121 may be differently set. The reason for this is that the overall size of the inner irradiation tank 12 according to the present invention is small, and thus the size value of the inner irradiation tank 12 can be processed and controlled more precisely by using the same processing technique. The axial heights of the outer layer irradiation tank 11 and the irradiation object 20 are larger, so that the fluctuation of the processing size in the whole axial height is not easy to control, so that the matching clearance of the outer layer irradiation tank 11 and the irradiation object 20 in the whole axial height has fluctuation, after the outer layer irradiation tank 11 and the irradiation object 20 are processed and the sizes are determined, after the radial fit clearance with different axial heights is measured, a plurality of tank units 121 with different radial sizes are adaptively designed and processed according to the fluctuation value of the clearance, so that the fluctuation value of the total fit clearance of the irradiation object 20 and the irradiation tank is reduced, thereby accurately controlling the irradiation object 20 to be positioned in the total assembly clearance of the irradiation tank at different axial positions, so that the fluctuation of the clearance caused by the insufficient processing precision of the outer layer irradiation tank 11 and the irradiation object 20 can be eliminated, and then can make the surface temperature of irradiation object keep even, promote the accuracy of irradiation test operating mode. On the other hand, adopt a plurality of jar body units 121 to splice each other in the axial direction, can effectively reduce irradiation jar's bulk rigidity, when irradiation swelling and irradiation jar contact take place for irradiation object 20, can effectively reduce the outside compressive stress that irradiation object probably bore so reduce the external device influence, promote experimental accuracy nature.
Further, in some embodiments, each tank unit 121 may include two first tank flap structures 1211, the two first tank flap structures 1211 may be fitted to each other in a circumferential direction, a cross section of each first tank flap structure 1211 may be a half circle, and the two first tank flap structures 1211 may form a full circle by being spliced. Of course, it is understood that in other embodiments, each tank unit 121 may not be limited to include two first tank valve structures 1211, may include a plurality of first tank valve structures 1211, and the first tank valve structures 1211 may be one third of a circle, one fourth of a circle, one fifth of a circle, etc. In some embodiments, two first canister flap structures 1211 disposed adjacent to each other may not be connected to each other. During assembly, each first canister flap structure 1211 may be fitted over the outer circumference of a small fuel rod and may form an integral inner irradiation canister 12. The two first pot flap structures 1211 arranged adjacently may be arranged with a gap or a zero gap therebetween.
Further, in some embodiments, the neutron absorption cross-sections of the plurality of tank units 121 are different. Specifically, in some embodiments, the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the plurality of tank units 121 may be made of neutron absorbing materials with different neutron absorbing cross sections, that is, the material of each tank unit 121 may be different, and the neutron absorbing cross section of each tank unit 121 may be different. In some embodiments, the neutron absorbing material may be one of a metal or metal alloy such as aluminum, iron, titanium, cobalt, molybdenum, zirconium, cadmium, indium, an aluminum alloy, an iron alloy, a titanium alloy, a cobalt alloy, a molybdenum alloy, a zirconium alloy, a cadmium alloy, an indium alloy, and the like. Each tank unit 121 is made of neutron absorbing material with different neutron absorbing cross sections because the irradiation device has a certain axial height, and when the irradiation device is placed in a reactor for irradiation test, temperature instability of the irradiation object fuel small rod at the axial height is easily caused because the neutron fluence rate of the reactor at the axial height of the irradiation device is unstable, and according to the fluctuation of the axial neutron fluence rate of the irradiation position of the irradiation object 20 in the reactor, the neutron absorbing material with different neutron absorbing cross sections is respectively used for each tank unit 121, so that the neutron fluence rates borne by the irradiation object at different axial heights can be effectively controlled, and further, the temperature of the outer surface of the irradiation object is kept uniform and stable.
Further, in some embodiments, the inner sidewall of one layer of the tank units 121 in the plurality of tank units 121 may be made of a combustible material with a large neutron absorption cross section, such as Gd, Hf, etc.; the flammable type material may also be disposed on the outer side wall of the tank unit 121, in some embodiments, the flammable type material may also be disposed on the multi-layer tank unit 121, and in other embodiments, the flammable type material may also be disposed on the side wall of the outer irradiation tank 11. Specifically, such materials may be applied to the tank unit 121 and the outer layer irradiation tank 11, etc. Since the amount of fissile material in the irradiation object 20 is continuously reduced as the test is performed, the heating power is also continuously reduced as the test time is performed, and since the thermal resistance from the outer surface of the irradiation object 20 to the outer surface of the whole irradiation test piece is constant, the temperature of the outer surface of the irradiation object 20 is also changed when the heating power of the irradiation object 20 is changed, and such negative effects can be avoided by providing the combustible material.
Like the prior art, the invention also continues the 'double-layer tank' type structural design, the first tank flap structure 1211 of the inner-layer irradiation tank 12 has certain radial thickness, at this time, the outer-layer irradiation tank 11 only needs to be cut by a cutting tool in a hot chamber, and the radial thickness of the first tank flap structure 1211 of the inner-layer irradiation tank 12 can reserve a cutting error for cutting by the cutting tool, so that the irradiation objects 20 such as small fuel rods and the like are prevented from being damaged by mistake when the outer-layer irradiation tank 11 is cut.
Further, in some embodiments, a gap is left between the inner irradiation tank 12 and the irradiation object 20 and/or between the outer irradiation tank 11 and the inner irradiation tank 12. This irradiation facility can include the filler, this filler can be used for filling the clearance between inlayer irradiation jar 12 and this irradiation object 20, also can fill between outer irradiation jar 11 and inlayer irradiation jar 12, this filler can be heat conduction material such as heat conduction silicone grease or heat conduction oil, through adopting the heat conduction material that has the high thermal conductivity, thereby can set up the relatively great clearance value, thereby reduce in the irradiation experimentation because of the fluctuation of clearance relative value size, thereby reduce the fluctuation of irradiation object fuel stick surface temperature, promote experimental accuracy. It will be appreciated that in some embodiments, the fill material may also be an inert gas such as helium, argon, or the like.
As shown in FIG. 5, the first end plug 13 may be inserted into the outer irradiation tank 11 from one end (e.g., the upper end) of the outer irradiation tank 11. The first end plug 13 may be fixed to the outer irradiation tank 11 by interference fit. In some embodiments, the first end plug 13 may include a first plug body 131 and a first plugging portion 132. The first plug 131 may be cylindrical and may have a radial dimension comparable to the outer diameter of the outer irradiation tank 11. The first plugging portion 132 may be disposed in the middle of the first plug 131 and protrudes out of the end surface of the first plug 131, the first plugging portion 132 may be cylindrical, the radial dimension of the first plugging portion may be smaller than the radial dimension of the first plug 131, and may be equivalent to the radial dimension of the inner irradiation tank 12, and the first plugging portion 132 may be plugged into the outer irradiation tank 11 to be disposed and plugged into the inner irradiation tank 12 to be tightly fitted to the inner irradiation tank 12.
As shown in fig. 6, the second end plug 14 may be inserted into the outer irradiation tank 11 from the other end (e.g., lower end) of the outer irradiation tank 11. The second end plug 14 may be secured in an interference fit with the outer irradiation tank 11. In some embodiments, the second end plug 14 may include a second plug body 141 and a second plug portion 142. The second plug 141 may be cylindrical and have a radial dimension comparable to the outer diameter of the outer irradiation tank 11. The second plugging portion 142 can be disposed in the middle of the second plug 141 and protrudes out of the end surface of the second plug 141, the second plugging portion 142 can be cylindrical, the radial dimension of the second plugging portion can be smaller than that of the second plug 141, and can be equivalent to that of the inner irradiation tank 12, and the second plugging portion 142 can be plugged into the outer irradiation tank 11 to be disposed and plugged into the inner irradiation tank 12 to be tightly fitted with the inner irradiation tank 12.
Further, in some embodiments, the first end plug 13 and the second end plug 14 may be disposed corresponding to the upper end plug 23 and the lower end plug 24 of the irradiation target 20, and may be made of the same material, so as to avoid the difference of thermal expansion and irradiation swelling caused by different materials from affecting the centering performance.
As shown in fig. 2, 5 and 6, further, in some embodiments, a guiding and positioning structure may be disposed on each of the first end plug 13 and the second end plug 14, and specifically, may be disposed on the first plugging portion 132 and the second plugging portion 142. Of course, it is understood that in other embodiments, the guide positioning structure may be provided only on the first end plug 13 or the second end plug 14. The guiding and positioning structure can be used for guiding and positioning the irradiation object 20, and can keep the stable gap between the irradiation object 20 and the inner layer irradiation tank 12 in the irradiation process, so that the irradiation object can be arranged in the irradiation tank in the middle, the circumferential gap of the irradiation object caused by deviation is prevented from being uneven, and the uniformity and the stability of the irradiation object in the irradiation temperature distribution are further improved.
Further, in some embodiments, the guiding and positioning structure may comprise a guiding and positioning hole 15, and the guiding and positioning hole 15 may be used for guiding the irradiation object 20 to be inserted. In some embodiments, the guide positioning hole 15 may be axially disposed on the first end plug 13 and the second end plug 14, and specifically, the guide positioning hole 15 may be axially disposed on the first plugging portion 132 and the second plugging portion 142. When the irradiation object 20 is assembled, two ends of the irradiation object 20 can be respectively inserted into the guiding positioning holes 15 of the first plugging portion 132 and the second plugging portion 142, and are fixedly connected with the guiding positioning holes 15 through interference fit, and the first end plug 13 and the second end plug 14 of the irradiation device are made of the same material as the upper end plug 23 and the lower end plug 24, so that the guiding positioning holes 15 are circumferentially matched with the irradiation object 20 to be close to zero clearance fit as much as possible, thereby improving the centering performance of the irradiation object, and keeping the assembling clearance between the irradiation object 20 and the irradiation tank relatively stable in the irradiation process. Since the end plug of the irradiation equipment 10 including the guiding positioning hole 15 and the end plug of the irradiation object 20 are two parts, the irradiation swelling and the thermal expansion may be different in amount if the materials of the two parts are different due to the irradiation swelling and the thermal expansion during the irradiation process or the temperature change process, which may affect the assembling relationship between the end plug of the irradiation equipment 10 and the end plug of the irradiation object 20.
Further, in some embodiments, a set guiding distance is reserved between the guiding positioning hole 15 and the irradiation object 20 in the axial direction, after the two ends of the irradiation object 20 are inserted into the guiding positioning hole 15, a set guiding distance is reserved between the end wall of the guiding positioning hole 15 and the end wall of the irradiation object 20, and through the set guiding distance, interference caused by too large axial growth of the irradiation object 20 such as a small fuel rod is avoided, so that the accuracy of an irradiation test is further influenced.
Further, in some embodiments, a first ring cavity 16 is disposed between the first plug 131 and the irradiation object 20, and a second ring cavity 17 is disposed between the second plug 141 and the irradiation object 20, that is, an upper assembly gap and a lower assembly gap are respectively reserved at the upper part and the lower part of the irradiation test piece, and the two assemblies are located outside the sealed space of the irradiation object 20 such as a small fuel rod in the axial height direction, so as to prevent the damage of the irradiation object 20 such as the small fuel rod caused by the misoperation during cutting. When the irradiation objects 20 such as the small fuel rods are taken out, the first end plug 13 and the second end plug 14 of the outer layer irradiation tank 11 can be cut off along the transverse direction, then the two second tank valve structures 111 are cut off along the axial direction of the outer layer irradiation tank 11, the tank body unit 121 of the inner layer irradiation tank 12 can fall off from the irradiation objects 20 such as the small fuel rods, and the irradiation objects such as the small fuel rods with complete structures can be taken out for post-irradiation inspection.
Further, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, in some embodiments, the irradiation target 20 may include cladding 21, nuclear fuel pellets 22, upper and lower end plugs 13 and 24, and air cavity springs 25. The envelope 21 may be cylindrical and have a hollow structure with both ends penetrating. The nuclear fuel pellets 12 may be plural and may be arranged in the cladding 21 side by side from bottom to top in the axial direction of the cladding 21. The upper end plug 23 and the lower end plug 24 may be disposed at opposite ends of the envelope 21 for sealing the envelope 21.
Further, in some embodiments, the upper end plug 23 may include a first end plug body 231, a first sealing portion 232 protrudingly disposed at one side of the first end plug body 231 to be inserted into the envelope 21. The first end plug body 231 may be cylindrical in shape and may have a radial dimension that is compatible with the outer diameter of the cladding 21. The first sealing portion 232 may be cylindrical, and the radial dimension of the first sealing portion 232 may be smaller than the radial dimension of the first end plug body 231, and the radial dimension may be adapted to the inner diameter of the cladding 21.
Further, in some embodiments, the lower end plug 24 may include a second end plug body 241, a second sealing part 242 protrudingly provided at one side of the second end plug body 241 to be plugged into the envelope 21, and a step 243 provided at the other side of the second end plug body 241. The second end plug body 241 may be cylindrical in shape and may have a radial dimension that is compatible with the outer diameter of the cladding 21. The second sealing portion 242 may be cylindrical, and the radial dimension of the second sealing portion 242 may be smaller than the radial dimension of the second end plug body 241, which may be adapted to the inner diameter of the cladding 21. The step 243 may be cylindrical and may have a radial dimension that is less than a radial dimension of the second end plug body 242. The step 243 can abut against the end surface of the second plugging portion 142.
Further, in some embodiments, the irradiation target 20 may further include a mating structure that mates with the guiding and positioning structure of the irradiation device 10, and the mating structure may be disposed on the upper end plug 23 and the lower end plug 24. Of course, it will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the mating structure may be provided only on the upper end plug 23 or only on the lower end plug 24. In some embodiments, the mating structure may include guide locating tabs 233,244; the guide positioning bosses 233,244 may be respectively provided on the upper end plug 23 and the lower end plug 24. In some embodiments, specifically, the guiding and positioning bosses 233,244 may be respectively disposed on the first end plug body 231 and the step 243, and may be disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the guiding and positioning holes 15 of the first end plug 13 and the second end plug 14, and may be inserted into the guiding and positioning holes 15 and be in interference fit with the guiding and positioning holes 15, and an end wall of one end of each of the guiding and positioning bosses may be set to have a guiding distance from an end wall of the guiding and positioning hole 15, so as to perform an effect of centering the irradiation object 20, such as a small fuel rod, and the irradiation tank, and keep the size of the assembly gap between the small fuel rod and the irradiation tank relatively stable during irradiation, and avoid interference due to excessive axial growth of the irradiation object 20, such as the small fuel rod, and the accuracy of the irradiation test is affected.
It is to be understood that the foregoing examples, while indicating the preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and description, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention; it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several changes and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention; therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. An irradiation device is characterized by comprising an inner irradiation tank (12) used for wrapping the periphery of an irradiation object (20), an outer irradiation tank (11) sleeved on the periphery of the inner irradiation tank (12), and a first end plug (13) and a second end plug (14) which are respectively matched with two opposite ends of the outer irradiation tank (11);
the inner layer irradiation tank (12) comprises a plurality of tank body units (121) which are arranged side by side in the axial direction of the irradiation object (20) to regulate the assembly gap between the irradiation object and the inner layer irradiation tank (12) and/or the assembly gap between the inner layer irradiation tank (12) and the outer layer irradiation tank (11).
2. The irradiation device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the tank units (121) differ in neutron absorption cross section.
3. The irradiation device according to claim 2, wherein the inner and/or outer side walls of a plurality of the tank units (121) are of neutron absorbing material of different neutron absorbing cross-sections.
4. The irradiation device of claim 3, wherein the neutron absorbing material comprises aluminum, iron, titanium, cobalt, molybdenum, zirconium, cadmium, indium, an aluminum alloy, an iron alloy, a titanium alloy, a cobalt alloy, a molybdenum alloy, a zirconium alloy, a cadmium alloy, or an indium alloy.
5. The irradiation device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the tank units (121) of the plurality of tank units (121) and/or the side wall of the outer irradiation tank (11) is provided with a combustible material having a large neutron absorption cross section.
6. Irradiation device according to claim 1, wherein each tank unit (121) comprises at least two first tank flap structures (1211) cooperating with each other in circumferential direction.
7. Irradiation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the inner layer irradiation tank (12) is larger than or equal to the envelope length of the irradiation object (20).
8. Irradiation device according to claim 1, wherein the outer layer irradiation tank (11) comprises at least two second tank flap structures (111) cooperating with each other in circumferential direction.
9. The irradiation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a filler filling a gap between the inner layer irradiation tank (12) and the irradiation object (20) and/or a gap between the outer layer irradiation tank (11) and the inner layer irradiation tank (12);
the filler is inert gas or heat conducting material.
10. The irradiation device according to claim 1, wherein the first end plug (13) and/or the second end plug (14) is provided with a guiding and positioning structure cooperating with the irradiation object (20) to guide and position the irradiation object (20) and to keep the irradiation object (20) stable with the gap of the inner layer irradiation tank (12) during irradiation.
11. The irradiation device according to claim 10, wherein the guiding and positioning structure comprises a guiding and positioning hole (15) provided on the first end plug (13) and/or the second end plug (14) for inserting the irradiation object (20).
12. Irradiation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial dimensions of a plurality of tank units (121) differ.
13. An irradiation test piece for verifying irradiation performance of a nuclear fuel element, characterized by comprising an irradiation apparatus (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, and an irradiation object (20) fitted in the irradiation apparatus (10).
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| CN112530623B (en) | 2022-05-03 |
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