CN112526265B - GIS equipment test method - Google Patents
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- CN112526265B CN112526265B CN202011365152.3A CN202011365152A CN112526265B CN 112526265 B CN112526265 B CN 112526265B CN 202011365152 A CN202011365152 A CN 202011365152A CN 112526265 B CN112526265 B CN 112526265B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of GIS equipment test, and discloses a GIS equipment test system which comprises a shell, a current riser, a moving contact guide rod, a static contact guide rod, an operating mechanism, a first basin-type insulator and a second basin-type insulator, wherein the static contact guide rod and the moving contact guide rod are arranged in the shell, the static contact guide rod and the moving contact guide rod are arranged in a straight line and horizontally arranged, one end of the moving contact guide rod, which is close to the static contact guide rod, is provided with an insertion groove into which the static contact guide rod can be inserted, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the current riser are respectively and electrically connected with the static contact guide rod and the moving contact guide rod, the operating mechanism is connected with the static contact guide rod to drive the static contact guide rod to move, the first basin-type insulator and the second basin-type insulator are both arranged in the shell and connected with the shell, the static contact guide rod is fixed at the center of the first basin-type insulator, the moving contact guide rod is movably arranged at the center of the second basin-type insulator, through holes are both arranged on the first basin-type insulator and the second basin-type insulator, the shell is provided with a vibration detection device and a temperature detection device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of GIS equipment test, in particular to a GIS equipment test method.
Background
Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) is increasingly used in electrical networks due to its small footprint and low maintenance workload.
GIS is the important equipment in electric power system, and its operational reliability has very important meaning to the safe operation of system. The switch contact is a key component in the GIS, and the local heating of equipment caused by poor contact of the GIS contact is one of the main factors causing the GIS to break down. According to typical defects and accident analysis results of GIS by Guangdong power grid company, the power grid fault caused by poor contact of GIS contacts accounts for 29%, the fault caused by poor contact of main contacts accounts for 11%, and the fault caused by poor contact of shielding cases accounts for 18%. In the long-term operation process, the GIS switch contact is influenced by factors such as electrochemical corrosion, mechanical abrasion, electrical abrasion and contact fusion welding, the contact resistance of the contact can be slowly increased, when the contact state is deteriorated, the contact resistance can be rapidly increased, and the failure of the switching action and the burning of connected electrical equipment are seriously caused to cause system accidents. The contact electrical contact state is therefore relevant to electrical equipment and grid safety. The GIS is a totally enclosed device, and it is impossible to directly observe the opening and closing states of the opening and closing devices such as switches and disconnecting links and whether the contact is good after the closing.
At present, a large number of laboratory simulation experiment devices are adopted for detecting the charged vibration and the temperature of the GIS electric contact state, the internal structure of the laboratory simulation experiment devices is mostly simplified, and the mechanical state of the GIS is also an important aspect related to the safe operation of the GIS as the GIS is used as a complex mechanical body. If the simplified structure is adopted for testing, the test result has the influence on the accuracy of the test result due to the fact that the test result comes in and goes out from the actual working condition.
Chinese invention patent CN106226696A (published as 2016, 12, 14) discloses a contact state simulation test system and method for a isolation switch contact in a GIS, which comprises a housing, wherein an upper insulating cover plate and a lower insulating cover plate are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the housing, a static contact is arranged on the upper insulating cover plate in a penetrating way, and a static seal is arranged between the static contact and the upper insulating cover plate; a moving contact is detachably arranged on the lower insulating cover plate in a penetrating manner, and the moving contact and the lower insulating cover plate are in dynamic sealing; the static contact is provided with a groove for the movable contact to extend into. Although this patent can simulate different contact depth, contact material and contact pressure's contact state down, move the device during experiment, the static contact applys voltage, the electric current, contact resistance, contact point temperature under the different contact state of actual measurement, but the moving contact of this patent and static contact partly are located the casing outside, according to the heat transfer theory, gaseous natural heat convection has very big influence to the temperature of the inside of air chamber and hotspot, the structural design of this patent can seriously influence gaseous natural heat convection condition, and then influence hotspot and the inside temperature value of air chamber, produce very big deviation with the true condition. Besides, the real GIS equipment isolating switch is horizontally placed, and the static contact and the moving contact of the GIS equipment isolating switch are vertically placed, so that the contact of the static contact and the moving contact is different from the actual working condition. The test method of the patent only can obtain a large amount of test data, and can not directly obtain the state of the contact from the detection result when real GIS equipment runs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a GIS equipment test method which is safe in operation and has test results conforming to actual working conditions.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a GIS device test method, which comprises the following steps:
dividing the collected original data into two parts of training data and testing data, wherein the collected original data comprises vibration data of a shell, temperature rise data of the shell, contact state data and current and corner signal data of a motor driving a contact to linearly reciprocate in the rotating process as training data, the vibration data of the shell, the temperature rise data of the shell and the current and corner signal data of the motor driving the contact to linearly reciprocate in the rotating process are used as input data, the contact state data is used as output data, and the contact data is divided into three state categories of just contact, half-way contact and complete close contact;
sending training data into a mixed kernel RVM model for training, mapping the training data into a high-dimensional feature space through the construction of a mixed kernel function, iteratively updating hyper-parameters and noise variance in the RVM model, solving optimal weight distribution, and finishing the training of the mixed kernel RVM model when meeting the requirement of convergence accuracy;
and (5) sending the test data into a trained mixed kernel RVM model, and evaluating the prediction accuracy of the mixed RVM prediction model.
As an optimal scheme, when the optimal weight distribution is solved, estimating a hyper-parameter through a fast marginal likelihood algorithm to obtain a weight value and a sample deviation value of the model; and then establishing an online prediction model of the fast correlation vector machine, and optimizing model parameters.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a test method of GIS equipment, which is characterized in that collected data are input into an artificial intelligence mode recognition model to train the artificial intelligence mode recognition model, the data characteristics of three states of a contact in an electric contact state can be recognized, the corresponding contact state of the contact can be rapidly recognized for the collected data in the actual operation of the GIS equipment, and the efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a GIS device testing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows three contact states of the moving contact guide rod and the fixed contact guide rod according to the embodiment of the invention.
In the drawings, 1-housing; 2-a flow rising device; 3-moving contact guide rod; 4-a static contact guide rod; 5-a first basin insulator; 6-a second basin insulator; 7-an air extraction valve; 8-an inflation valve; 9-high voltage bushing; 10-a motor; 11-a first link; 12-a second link; 13-metal cover body.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, a GIS device testing system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 1, a current riser 2, a moving contact guide rod 3, a static and dynamic contact guide rod 4, an operating mechanism, a first basin-type insulator 5 and a second basin-type insulator 6, the static and dynamic contact guide rod 4 and the moving contact guide rod 3 are disposed in the housing 1, the static and dynamic contact guide rod 4 and the moving contact guide rod 3 are horizontally disposed in a straight line, an insertion slot for the static and dynamic contact guide rod 4 to be inserted is disposed at one end of the moving contact guide rod 3 close to the static and dynamic contact guide rod 4, the positive and negative poles of the current riser 2 are electrically connected with the static and dynamic contact guide rod 4 and the moving contact guide rod 3 respectively, the operating mechanism is connected with the static and dynamic contact guide rod 4 to drive the static and dynamic contact guide rod 4 to move, the first basin-type insulator 5 and the second basin-type insulator 6 are disposed in the housing 1 and connected with the housing 1, the static and dynamic contact guide rod 4 is fixed at the center of the first basin-type insulator 5, moving contact guide rod 3 is movably worn to locate the center of second basin formula insulator 6, has all seted up the through-hole on first basin formula insulator 5 and the second basin formula insulator 6, is equipped with vibration detection device and temperature-detecting device on the casing 1. In the embodiment, the movable contact guide rod 3 and the static and dynamic contact guide rod 4 are horizontally arranged in the shell 1, and the movable contact guide rod 3 and the static and dynamic contact guide rod 4 are respectively connected to the first basin-type insulator 5 and the second basin-type insulator 6, so that real GIS equipment is simulated, the test result accords with the actual working condition, and an accurate prediction result can be provided for the contact fault in the operation of the GIS equipment. The shell 1 is divided into three air chambers by the first basin-type insulator 5 and the second basin-type insulator 6, and the air pressures of the three air chambers are equal by the through holes formed in the first basin-type insulator 5 and the second basin-type insulator 6, so that safety is guaranteed. The first basin-type insulator 5 and the second basin-type insulator 6 can change the distribution of an electric field, and can prevent the moving contact guide rod 3 and the static and dynamic contact guide rod 4 from shaking up and down, so that the moving contact guide rod 3 and the static and dynamic contact guide rod 4 are prevented from contacting the shell 1 to enable the shell 1 to be electrified, and the safety and the normal operation of the test equipment are prevented from being influenced. Inside GIS, isolator is because the operation is frequent, its contact department is easy wearing and tearing, in addition because the current-carrying face of this department takes place the sudden change, produce the current contraction, can produce the contact displacement under return circuit current's effect, and then drive contact guide arm 3 and produce vibration signal, the vibration that touches the guide rod of this embodiment is transmitted to casing 1 through first basin formula insulator 5 and second basin formula insulator 6 on, vibration signal through vibration detection device detection casing 1, and detect the temperature that produces when moving contact guide arm 3, quiet moving contact guide arm 4 contact through temperature-detecting device, from vibration and temperature change two sides come out to judge the change of contact when different contact state. The current booster 2 can electrify the moving contact guide rod 3 and the static and moving contact guide rod 4, and can change the applied current so as to obtain the temperature signals of the vibration signals of the moving contact guide rod 3 and the static and moving contact guide rod 4 in different electric contact states under different currents.
Further, the housing 1 of the present embodiment is filled with an insulating gas to avoid danger caused by discharge. The test system further comprises a vacuumizing device and an inflating device, the shell 1 is provided with an air extracting valve 7 and an inflating valve 8 which are communicated with the interior of the shell, the vacuumizing device is connected with the air extracting valve 7, the inflating device is connected with the inflating valve 8, insulating gas can be filled into the shell 1 after the shell is vacuumized, the use is convenient, and the test efficiency is improved. In addition, the test system further comprises two high-voltage bushings 9, the high-voltage bushings 9 are communicated with the shell 1, the positive and negative electrodes of the current booster 2 extend into the shell 1 through the high-voltage bushings 9 through conducting wires and are electrically connected with the static and dynamic contact guide rods 4 and the dynamic contact guide rod 3 respectively, and the high-voltage bushings 9 are used for enabling high-voltage conductors to pass through and play a role in supporting and insulating. The high voltage bushing 9 of the present embodiment is made of a silicone rubber material.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the operating mechanism includes a motor 10 and a link mechanism, the motor 10 is disposed outside the housing 1, the link mechanism is disposed inside the housing 1, an output shaft of the motor 10 extends into the housing 1 and is connected to the connecting mechanism, a dynamic seal is disposed between the output shaft of the motor 10 and the housing 1, the link mechanism is connected to the movable contact guide rod 3, the motor 10 drives the movable contact guide rod 3 to reciprocate along a straight line through the link mechanism, the rotation of the motor 10 is converted into the straight line movement of the movable contact guide rod 3 through the link mechanism, and the motor 10 is disposed outside the housing 1, so that the vibration signal and the temperature signal of the contact in different contact states can be prevented from being affected by the operation of the motor 10, and the operating condition can be better met. The link mechanism of this embodiment includes a first link 11 and a second link 12, one end of the first link 11 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor 10, the other end is rotatably connected with one end of the second link 12, and the other end of the second link 12 is rotatably connected with the movable contact guide rod 3. As shown in fig. 3, the distance between the moving contact rod 3 and the stationary contact rod 4 from the just contact to the complete close contact is divided into 3 cases: namely, the contact is just contact, half-way contact and complete close contact, and the moving contact guide rod 3 is driven by the motor 10 and the link mechanism to move different distances so as to realize three contact states of just contact, half-way contact and complete close contact.
Further, the temperature detection device of this embodiment includes first temperature sensor and second temperature sensor, and first temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of casing 1, and second temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of casing 1 external environment, can obtain the temperature rise of casing 1, avoids the influence that ambient temperature detected to contact temperature change. The test equipment of this embodiment still includes the metal cover body 13, and metal cover body 13 is located the outside of casing 1, and metal cover body 13 is connected with casing 1 and is formed the holding chamber, and vibration detection device and temperature-detecting device locate the holding intracavity, prevent on-the-spot electromagnetic interference.
The invention also provides a GIS device test method, which comprises the following steps:
dividing the collected original data into two parts of training data and testing data, wherein the collected original data comprises vibration data of a shell, temperature rise data of the shell, contact state data and current and corner signal data of a motor driving a contact to linearly reciprocate in the rotating process as training data, the vibration data of the shell, the temperature rise data of the shell and the current and corner signal data of the motor driving the contact to linearly reciprocate in the rotating process are used as input data, the contact state data is used as output data, and the contact data is divided into three state categories of just contact, half-way contact and complete close contact;
sending training data into a mixed kernel RVM model for training, mapping the training data into a high-dimensional feature space through the construction of a mixed kernel function, iteratively updating hyper-parameters and noise variance in the RVM model, solving optimal weight distribution, and finishing the training of the mixed kernel RVM model when meeting the requirement of convergence accuracy;
and (5) sending the test data into a trained mixed kernel RVM model, and evaluating the prediction accuracy of the mixed RVM prediction model.
Further, when the optimal weight distribution is solved, estimating a hyper-parameter through a fast marginal likelihood algorithm to obtain a weight value and a sample deviation value of the model; and then establishing an online prediction model of the fast correlation vector machine, and optimizing model parameters.
Specifically, assume that the training sample set is { x }j,tj}j＝1～JWherein the objective function t j0,1,2 are class labels for three states of just contact, half contact and full close contact, respectively, xj＝{x1，x2，x3，x4And represents vibration data, temperature rise data, motor current data and motor rotation angle data.
The additional noise function is not considered in the classification model of the RVM, and the classification function of the two-classification RVM model is defined as:
k (x, x) in the formula (1)j) Kernel functions selected for the model, wjAre the weights of the models.
Introducing a logistic model function into a classification function, completing normalization of a linear model y (x, w) to realize probability prediction of a target value corresponding to an input vector, wherein according to Bernoulli distribution, the likelihood probability of a sample set is as follows:
the equation (2) σ is a function parameter.
To avoid the overfitting phenomenon, w is set in the RVM modeljSet as mean 0 and variance α-1The hyper-parameter α obeys a Gamma conjugate prior distribution with both the shape parameter and the scale parameter 0, that is:
the constraint of the weight by the hyper-parameter is an important characteristic of the RVM model, most of alpha tends to be infinite in continuous iterative update, and the w corresponding to the alpha tends to be infinitejThen it goes to 0 and eventually sparsifies the RVM model.
Initializing a hyperparameter alpha, and calculating a maximum posterior probability estimated value w of the weight by adopting a Laplace approximation methodMPBecause:
w when p (wt, alpha) is maximizedMPCan be obtained by maximizing the formula (6):
wherein, yj＝σ{y(xj；w)}，A＝diag(αi)。
And finally, performing quadratic approximation on the log function by using a Laplace method to obtain a covariance matrix.
And (3) performing cyclic training on the model until the result is satisfactory, performing sample regression analysis on the classification sample to obtain a regression result which is not a binary discrete value, and converting the regression result into a binary discrete value to obtain a classification label. The regression result can be conveniently converted into a binary discrete value by a threshold value method, a threshold value is set at first, the threshold value can be the intermediate value of the binary discrete value, and the regression result is compared with the threshold value, so that the classification results of the static and dynamic modes in three states of just contact, half-way contact and complete close contact are corresponded.
The main steps of the test and the model training are as follows:
(1) according to the test requirements, a vibration and temperature rise sensor and a rotary encoder for measuring the rotation angle of the motor are arranged on a shell of the test equipment;
(2) all parts of equipment of the test device are checked to ensure that all parts can work, and the air tightness of the test tank body is good;
(3) vacuumizing the test tank body by using a vacuumizing device, filling insulating gas to required pressure, and closing the gas valve;
(4) starting the operating mechanism to adjust the switch contacts to be in three states of just contact, half-way contact and complete close contact respectively, recording current and corner signal data (dynamic data) in the rotation process of the motor, starting the current from 0, and increasing the current to 1000A at the step length of 100A. And recording vibration and temperature rise signals (static data) under different currents.
(5) Static data set (vibration, temperature rise data) sample training: and constructing a static data set by using data measured in three states of just contact, half-way contact and complete close contact, inputting the static data set into a neural network model, and training the model.
(6) Dynamic data set (motor current and rotation angle) sample training: and constructing a dynamic data set by using data measured in three states of just contact, half-way contact and complete close contact, inputting the dynamic data set into a neural network model, and training the model.
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a GIS test apparatus, in which a moving contact guide rod and a static contact guide rod are horizontally disposed in a housing, and the moving contact guide rod and the static contact guide rod are respectively connected to a first basin-type insulator and a second basin-type insulator, so as to simulate a real GIS apparatus, so that a test result conforms to an actual working condition, and an accurate prediction result can be provided for a contact fault in the operation of the GIS apparatus. The invention also provides a test method of the GIS equipment, which is used for inputting the collected data into the artificial intelligent mode recognition model to train the artificial intelligent mode recognition model, so that the data characteristics of the three states of the contact in the electric contact state can be recognized, the corresponding contact state of the contact can be rapidly recognized for the collected data in the actual operation of the GIS equipment, and the efficiency is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A GIS device test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dividing the collected original data into two parts of training data and testing data, wherein the collected original data comprises vibration data of a shell, temperature rise data of the shell, contact state data and current and corner signal data of a motor driving a contact to linearly reciprocate in the rotating process as training data, the vibration data of the shell, the temperature rise data of the shell and the current and corner signal data of the motor driving the contact to linearly reciprocate in the rotating process are used as input data, the contact state data is used as output data, and the contact data is divided into three state categories of just contact, half-way contact and complete close contact;
sending training data into a mixed kernel RVM model for training, mapping the training data into a high-dimensional feature space through the construction of a mixed kernel function, iteratively updating hyper-parameters and noise variance in the RVM model, solving optimal weight distribution, and finishing the training of the mixed kernel RVM model when meeting the requirement of convergence accuracy;
and (5) sending the test data into a trained mixed kernel RVM model, and evaluating the prediction accuracy of the mixed RVM prediction model.
2. The GIS device test method of claim 1, wherein when solving the optimal weight distribution, the hyper-parameters are estimated by a fast marginal likelihood algorithm to obtain the weight value and the sample deviation value of the model; and then establishing an online prediction model of the fast correlation vector machine, and optimizing model parameters.
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| CN113654645A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-11-16 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | GIL electric contact state monitoring information fusion and fault diagnosis method, device and system |
| CN113657426A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-11-16 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Heating-vibration combined detection method, device and system for GIL electric contact state |
| CN113985228B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-07-04 | 西安交通大学 | Ultra/extra-high voltage GIS/GIL insulator current-carrying characteristic test device and method |
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